Form 10-K
Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2008

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                    

Commission File Number 0-23057

LOGILITY, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Georgia   58-2281338

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

  (IRS Employer Identification No.)

470 East Paces Ferry Road, N.E.

Atlanta, Georgia

  30305
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (404) 261-9777

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

 

  Name of each exchange on which registered  

None

  None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, No Par Value

(Title of class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer ¨

   Accelerated filer ¨

Non-accelerated filer x

   Smaller reporting company ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

At October 31, 2007, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, 12,959,358 Common Shares of the registrant were outstanding. The aggregate market value (based upon the closing price of the Common Stock as quoted on the NASDAQ National Market System at October 31, 2007) of the shares of Common Stock held by non-affiliates was approximately $21.3 million. At July 11, 2008, 12,853,617 shares of Common Stock of the registrant were outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE; LOCATION IN FORM 10-K

Portions of the Company’s Proxy Statement for its 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III.

 

 

 


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

LOGILITY, INC.

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

For the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2008

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Item 1.

  

Business

   1

Item 1A.

  

Risk Factors

   15

Item 1B.

  

Unresolved Staff Comments

   36

Item 2.

  

Properties

   36

Item 3.

  

Legal Proceedings

   36

Item 4.

  

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

   36

Item 5.

  

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

   37

Item 6.

  

Selected Financial Data

   40

Item 7.

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   41

Item 7A.

  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

   54

Item 8.

  

Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

   54

Item 9.

  

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

   78

Item 9A(T).

  

Controls and Procedures

   78

Item 9B.

  

Other Information

   79

Item 10.

  

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

   80

Item 11.

  

Executive Compensation

   81

Item 12.

  

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

   81

Item 13.

  

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence

   81

Item 14.

  

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

   83

Item 15.

  

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

   84


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Index to Financial Statements

PART I

 

Item 1. Business

SPECIAL CAUTIONARY NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

We believe that it is important to communicate our future expectations to our stockholders and to the public. This report contains forward-looking statements, including, in particular, statements about our goals, plans, objectives, beliefs, expectations and prospects, under the headings “Item 1. Business” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this report. These statements are identified by forward-looking words such as “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “continue,” “could,” “grow,” “may,” “potential,” “predict,” “strive,” “will,” “seek,” “estimate,” “believe,” “expect,” and similar expressions that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes. Any forward-looking statements herein are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include statements concerning future:

 

   

results of operations;

 

   

liquidity, cash flow and capital expenditures;

 

   

demand for and pricing of our products and services;

 

   

acquisition activities and the effect of completed acquisitions;

 

   

viability and effectiveness of strategic alliances;

 

   

industry conditions and market conditions; and

 

   

general economic conditions.

Although we believe that the goals, plans, expectations, and prospects reflected by our forward-looking statements are reasonable in view of the information currently available to us, those statements are not guarantees of performance. There are many factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by forward-looking statements made herein. These factors include but are not limited to, continuing economic uncertainty, the timing and degree of business recovery, unpredictability and the irregular pattern of future revenues, competitive pressures, delays and other risks associated with new product development, undetected software errors, and risks associated with market acceptance of our products, the challenges and risks associated with integration of acquired product line and companies, and services as well as a number of other risk factors that could affect our future performance. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those we discuss under the section captioned “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Form 10-K as well as the cautionary statements and other factors that we discuss in other sections of this Form 10-K.

Company Overview

Logility, Inc. (“Logility” or the “Company”) was incorporated as a Georgia corporation in 1996. Logility provides supply chain management (SCM) solutions to streamline and optimize the market planning, management, production, and distribution of products for manufacturers, suppliers, distributors, and retailers. The supply chain refers to the complex network of business relationships with trading partners (customers, suppliers and carriers) used to forecast, source, manufacture, store, and deliver products and services to multiple locations and customers by various modes of transportation. Supply chain operations include forecasting, demand management, supply planning, sourcing, manufacturing, logistics, warehouse management, and transportation operations both within an enterprise as well as with other business-to-business collaborative processes between customers, suppliers and carriers. Our solutions enable enterprises to increase their market visibility to build competitive advantages and increase profitability by reducing costs, increasing revenues,

 

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improving operational efficiencies and collaborating with suppliers and customers to more effectively respond to dynamic market conditions. Additionally, our solutions streamline and automate the executive Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) process to create and assess business plans that profitably match supply with demand while synchronizing supply chain operations with strategic corporate goals.

On September 30, 2004, we acquired certain assets and the distribution channel of privately-held Demand Management, Inc., a St. Louis-based provider of supply chain planning systems marketed under the Demand Solutions® brand. The acquisition provided more than 800 active customers in the growing small and midsize business (SMB) market, which at the time expanded our customer base to approximately 1,160 companies, located in 70 countries and gave us what we believe is the largest installed base at the time of supply chain planning customers among application software vendors. We market and sell the Demand Solutions product line to the SMB market through Demand Management’s global value-added reseller distribution network. We offer the Logility Voyager Solutions™ suite to our target market of upper-midsize to Fortune 1000 companies with distribution-intensive supply chains through both direct and indirect sales channels.

We derive revenues primarily from three sources: software licenses, services, and maintenance. We generally determine software license fees based on the number of modules, servers, users and/or sites licensed. Services and other revenues consist primarily of fees from software implementation, training, and consulting services. We bill primarily under time and materials arrangements and recognize revenues as we perform services. Maintenance agreements typically are for a one to three year term, usually commencing at the time of the initial product license. We generally bill maintenance fees annually in advance under agreements with terms of one to three years, and then recognize the resulting revenues ratably over the term of the maintenance agreement. Deferred revenues represent advance payments or billings for software licenses, services and maintenance billed in advance of the time we recognize the related revenues.

Our cost of revenues for licenses includes amortization of capitalized computer software development costs, salaries and benefits and value added reseller (VAR) commissions. Costs for maintenance and services revenues include the cost of personnel to conduct implementations, customer support and consulting, and other personnel-related expenses as well as agent commission expenses related to maintenance revenues generated by the indirect channel.

Our selling expenses generally include the salary and commissions we pay to our direct sales professionals, along with marketing, promotional, travel and associated costs. Our general and administrative expenses generally include the salary and benefits we pay to executive, corporate and support personnel, as well as office rent, utilities, communications expenses, and various professional fees.

Industry Background

In response to increasing global competition, shorter product life cycles and reduced lead times, companies are continually seeking new ways to enhance the productivity and profitability of their operations. Companies that effectively communicate, collaborate and integrate with their trading partners within the extended enterprise or “supply chain” can realize significant competitive advantages in the form of lower costs, greater customer responsiveness, reduced stock-outs, more efficient sourcing, lower inventory, synchronized supply and demand, improved transportation and logistics operations, and increased revenue. Supply chain management refers to the process of managing the complex network of relationships that organizations maintain with external trading partners (customers, suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and retailers) to source, manufacture and deliver goods and services to the end consumer. Supply chain management involves both the activities related to supplying products or services (source, make, move, buy, store, and deliver) as well as the sales and marketing activities that impact the demand for goods and services, such as new product introductions, promotions, pricing and forecasting.

 

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Today, several market trends are driving organizations to invest in collaborative supply chain initiatives. Global economic conditions and competitive pressures are forcing companies to reduce costs, decrease order cycle times and improve operating efficiencies. As a result, manufacturers, distributors and retailers are increasingly under pressure to better manage the supply chain as they seek to reduce costs, improve manufacturing efficiency and accelerate logistics operations while maintaining flexibility and responsiveness to changing market conditions and specific customer demands. These pressures are compounded by the increasing complexity and globalization of the interactions among suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers and consumers.

Organizations are increasingly deploying supply chain application solutions to address their supply chain planning and supply chain execution requirements. The supply chain planning function involves the use of information to facilitate the on-time delivery of the right products to the correct location at the right time and at the lowest cost. The planning process focuses on demand forecasting, inventory simulation, global sourcing, distribution, transportation and manufacturing planning and scheduling. Planning software is designed to increase revenues, improve forecast accuracy, optimize production scheduling, reduce inventory costs, decrease order cycle times, reduce transportation costs, and improve customer service.

The supply chain execution function addresses procuring, manufacturing, warehousing and distributing products throughout the supply chain. Within the supply chain execution function, organizations are increasing their focus on the effective management of warehouse and transportation operations and the need for integration with planning and other enterprise applications, in order to increase the efficient and effective fulfillment of customer orders in both the business-to-business and the business-to-consumer sectors.

In a recent Aberdeen Group report, Supply Chain Innovator’s Technology Footprint 2008, the technology analyst firm found best-in-class supply chain performance contributes to compelling operational results. Best-in-class companies were distinguished from industry average and laggard organizations by key metrics as indicators of overall supply chain process competency. The March 2008 report highlights three best-in-class metrics:

 

   

Finished goods inventory turns per year: 28

 

   

Total logistics costs as a percentage of sales: 5%

 

   

Perfect order percentage (percent of orders shipped complete and on-time to the customer’s requested delivery date): 96%

Additional survey results showed that best-in-class companies are:

 

   

70% more likely than all other companies to have a closed-loop integration of supply chain planning and execution;

 

   

Two-times more likely to have end-to-end supply chain data and process visibility (enabled by supply chain software solutions) than all others; and

 

   

50% more likely than all others to have implemented cross functional metrics across their enterprise.

In order to effectively manage and coordinate supply chain activities, companies require demand planning, supply chain planning, global sourcing, supply chain execution, and performance management software that provides for integrated communication, optimization and collaboration among the various constituents throughout the supply chain network. This enhanced collaboration synchronizes production and distribution plans with demand forecasts, thereby minimizing bottlenecks that lead to production delays, excess inventory and distribution network problems.

We believe that traditional enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems do not provide the visibility, depth, flexibility or synchronization required to effectively meet the demands of today’s intensely competitive global

 

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environment. Organizations are demanding supply chain solutions that are modular and scaleable to extend ERP functionality, fit the dynamic needs of their businesses, deploy quickly and deliver rapid time-to-benefit.

Additionally, market drivers for more sophisticated software are finding their way downstream. Issues that the multi-billion dollar companies faced ten years ago are impacting even the low-end of the SMB market. Increasingly, our customers now have to manage offshore manufacturing requirements which often extend time-to-market as well as the unique challenges associated with selling to mass merchants. With new, increasingly complex data management needs to monitor global supply lines and deal with the retailers’ demand for accurate forecast and supply visibility, the SMB market is outgrowing spreadsheets for demand planning and turning to automated supply and demand, inventory and replenishment management software.

Products and Services

Leveraging our supply chain management expertise, Logility has been an innovator in developing and deploying supply chain solutions, with our first Internet-based collaborative planning software application implemented in 1996. We continue to invest and expand our innovative solutions, which support the Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment (CPFR®) standards defined by the Voluntary Interindustry Commerce Standards Association (VICS). Our systems also support other emerging collaborative supply chain standards for transportation and distribution center management such as collaborative transportation management (CTM), and radio frequency identification (RFID), a technology that uses radio waves to uniquely identify items as well as packaging such as cartons, containers and pallets.

Our experience indicates that distribution-intensive industries face considerable competitive pressure, which is intensified by the high cost of inventory and distribution investments, dynamically changing consumer needs, and variability in overall supply chain performance. These companies need solutions that are capable of delivering significant financial benefits by quickly solving problems that arise in sourcing, manufacturing and distribution operations. Our solutions are capable of helping these companies collaborate with their trading partners to improve customer service and optimize their sourcing, manufacturing, inventory and distribution networks.

With approximately 1,250 customers in 74 countries, Logility is a leading provider of collaborative supply chain solutions that help small, medium, and large companies, including those listed in the Fortune 1000, realize substantial bottom-line results. We provide two product suites, Logility Voyager Solutions and Demand Solutions, marketed, sold and distributed through both direct and indirect sales channels. The Logility Voyager Solutions suite of products features performance monitoring capabilities in a single Internet-based framework and provides supply chain visibility; demand, inventory and replenishment planning; supply and global sourcing optimization; manufacturing planning and scheduling; transportation planning and execution; and warehouse management. The Demand Solutions product suite provides forecasting, demand planning, replenishment and point-of-sale analysis for maximizing profits for small to midsize manufacturing, distribution and retail operations.

We have licensed one or more modules of Logility Voyager Solutions or Demand Solutions to companies worldwide, including A.O. Smith, Alberto Culver, Armour Eckrich, Avery Dennison Corporation, Berry Plastics Corporation, BP (British Petroleum), Continental Mills, Cooper Industries, Electrolux, Farnell InOne, Fastenal Company, Hyundai Motor America, ICI Paints, Jarden Corporation, Leviton Manufacturing Company, L’Oreal, Malt-O-Meal Company, McCain Foods, Pernod-Ricard, Pfizer, Porsche, Remington Products Company, Rexnord, Shaw Industries, Sigma Aldrich, Standard Motor Products, Under Armour Performance Apparel, Verizon Wireless, Wacoal, Warnaco, and VF Corporation. We sell products and services through direct and indirect channels. We derived approximately 17% of our revenues in the fiscal year ended April 30, 2008 from international sales.

 

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Product Features: Logility Voyager Solutions

Logility Voyager Solutions is an integrated software suite that provides advanced supply chain management including collaborative planning, strategic network design, optimized supply sourcing, production management, warehouse management, and collaborative logistics capabilities that are designed to increase revenues, reduce inventory costs, improve forecast accuracy, decrease order cycle times, manage global sourcing initiatives, optimize production scheduling, streamline logistics operations, reduce transportation costs and improve customer service. Logility Voyager Solutions incorporate performance management analytics to drive decision support for critical processes such as demand management, inventory and supply optimization, manufacturing planning and scheduling, transportation planning and management and sales and operations planning (S&OP).

The Logility Voyager Solutions software suite is modular and scaleable to meet the management requirements of global organizations involving tens of thousands of products with a complex manufacturing or distribution network. In addition, the Voyager Solutions suite interfaces with a broad range of existing enterprise applications deployed on a variety of Internet and client/server operating environments and platforms.

Our customers can implement these modules individually, as well as in combinations or as a full solution suite. Logility Voyager Solutions support multiple communications protocols and is designed to operate with industry-standard open technologies, including leading web-based and client/server environments, such as Microsoft Windows, UNIX, and iSeries (AS/400) on Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server and DB2 databases. The following summarizes key features of the Logility Voyager Solutions product suite:

LOGILITY VOYAGER SOLUTIONS FOR COLLABORATIVE SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

These applications allow companies to plan, manage, optimize and measure their supply chain operations and strategic trading partner relationships for direct material procurement, production, logistics and customer order fulfillment. Logility Voyager Solutions provide a performance-based architecture that allows companies to manage supply chain processes on an exception basis. Companies can proactively monitor, alert, measure and resolve critical supply chain events both within their own companies and throughout the extended value chain via the Internet.

SUPPLY CHAIN COLLABORATION

Streamline Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) and enhance strategic trading partner relationships, Logility Voyager Solutions allow companies to accelerate and manage demand plans, direct material procurement, sourcing, production and fulfillment using the power of the Internet.

Voyager Sales and Operations Planning™ enables companies to streamline and accelerate synchronizing supply and demand across global operations. With Voyager Sales and Operations Planning, companies can more easily track key performance indicators, measure and compare multiple business plans, optimize sale plans and automate data gathering and reporting.

Logility Voyager Collaborate™ enables companies to communicate easily across their organizations and share real-time supply chain information with external trading partners. With Voyager Collaborate, suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and retailers can use the power of collaborative business processes such as Sales and Operations Planning and built-in standards for Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment (CPFR®) to advance enterprise wide collaboration enabled via the Internet.

Logility Voyager Fulfill™ provides a private transportation exchange that extends collaboration to carriers, customers and suppliers. Customers and suppliers can see the status of their orders and shipments in transit. Carriers can easily accept or reject loads offered, bid on loads, provide up-to-the-minute shipment information, and view the payment status of prior shipments.

 

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DEMAND CHAIN PLANNING

Logility Voyager Solutions provide the visibility to significantly improve forecasting accuracy by creating comprehensive overviews of market demand, new product introductions, promotions and inventory policies. As a result, enterprises can build plans that are more closely attuned to the market.

Logility Voyager Demand Planning™ helps reconcile differences between high-level business planning and low-level product forecasting. Aligning inventory with customer demand, this solution makes it easier to boost service levels, shorten cycle times and reduce inventory obsolescence. Logility provides control to model each phase in a product’s sunrise-to-sunset lifecycle—including introduction, maturity, replacement, substitution and retirement—so that the right products are available at the point of customer demand. Voyager Demand Planning integrates the marketing department in real time into forecasting, distribution and logistics planning to calculate the impact of promotional plans and events.

Logility Voyager Inventory Planning™ allows enterprises to effectively measure the tradeoff of inventory investment and desired customer service levels. This solution dynamically sets time-phased inventory targets based on specific safety stock and order quantity rules.

SUPPLY CHAIN PLANNING

Logility Voyager Solutions optimize material, inventory, production and distribution assets by synchronizing supply and demand. Simultaneously, multiple supply chain planning models generate plans based on constraints as well as various sourcing, production and distribution options.

Voyager Supply Planning™ optimizes complex sourcing and production decisions to balance supply, manufacturing and distribution constraints based on corporate goals for maximizing profit or minimizing costs.

Voyager Replenishment Planning™ provides visibility of future customer demands, corresponding product and material requirements, and the actions suppliers must take to satisfy those demands.

Voyager Manufacturing Planning™ helps create valid production plans for single- or multi-site capacity constrained environments, providing lower costs, fewer setups and increased product availability.

SUPPLY CHAIN EXECUTION

Logility Voyager Solutions provide industry-leading capabilities for optimizing both warehouse and transportation operations. These solutions systematically balance logistics strategies, customer service policies, carrier effectiveness, inventory management, and radio frequency identification (RFID) solutions to boost perfect orders and spur improvements that favorably impact profitability.

Voyager WarehousePRO® provides shipping and inventory accuracy by optimizing the flow of materials and information through distribution centers. WarehousePRO helps cut operating costs and improve productivity, increase order fill rates, optimize space utilization and improve customer service. This solution is highly flexible and quickly adapts to changing business requirements. WarehousePRO features an extensive workflow library incorporating industry-specific best-practice templates and supports RFID technology for effective warehousing techniques. With built-in standard interfaces to major radio frequency data collection systems, this software delivers more accurate inventory accountability and improved warehouse efficiency for a paperless warehouse environment.

Voyager Transportation Planning and Management™ provides a performance-driven, multi-modal solution for dramatic savings of time, effort and money. It enables automated shipment planning, shipment execution and freight accounting. User workflows, driven by exceptions, increase visibility and accelerate more proactive

 

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communications among trading partners. The Optimization Engine evaluates logical alternatives for grouping and shipping orders considering business rules, consolidation parameters, carriers, rates, and date/time requirements.

Product Features: Demand Solutions

Demand Solutions’ proven, sophisticated supply chain software provides a smooth transition from spreadsheet management to robust reporting and tracking. It’s simple to install and easy to use.

The Demand Solutions application suite makes it easier to predict future demand and make informed decisions to optimize inventory turns, customer service levels and profitability. Demand Solutions is a complete time-phased, multi-tiered planning and replenishment system and a proven platform for Vendor Managed Inventory. Demand Solutions helps manufacturers, wholesalers and distributors exchange information for inventory, proactively manage demand rather than operate in reactive mode, and increase profitability.

DS Forecast Management provides a powerful yet easy to use demand planning solution that fits virtually any industry and deploys quickly. The system offers significant flexibility and allows the user to select the forecasting formula which best addresses each item’s demand pattern to predict an accurate forecast of future demand.

DS Requirements Planning incorporates collaborative planning capabilities to streamline supply activities from the production line through delivery. With instant analysis of the projected demand for unlimited items against current inventory, DS Requirements Planning recommends the ideal inventory level for each ship-to location, providing valuable visibility up and down the supply chain.

DS Collaboration offers a certified CPFR compliant collaborative planning solution that streamlines communications between a company and its customers and suppliers. This solution minimizes the barriers to entry for smaller trading partners, who need only a Web browser, and extends the value available through the entire Demand Solutions product line. Collaboration results in greater demand visibility and closer synchronization of production and inventory investments.

DS Sales & Operations Planning automates and continually analyzes the annual business planning process. There are two annual business plans available for each of the sections of data (bookings, sales, production, inventory, backlog and shipments): the Annual Plan and the Flexible Plan.

DS Rough Cut dramatically increases the accuracy of available-to-promise (ATP) ratios and can reduce the cost of manual processes and calculations. It provides visibility of resource utilization and allows users to level the plan instantly. DS Rough Cut’s powerful “what if” scenarios help ensure that businesses can meet demand as promised.

DS View significantly extends the value of Demand Solutions, empowering users to aggregate, rotate, filter, sort and otherwise manipulate large volumes of data into meaningful information. DS View can gather data from any field within Demand Solutions, as well as external sources. Enterprises can also share output with colleagues, customers and vendors over networks, captive and secure Intranets and the Internet.

DS Retail Planning enables manufacturers, distributors and retailers to collaboratively produce, ship and replenish product based on point-of-sale data. Highly accurate and easy to use, Demand Solutions Stores can track thousands of SKUs in more than a hundred locations, resulting in optimized store-level replenishment, reduced out-of-stocks, greater inventory turns, elevated customer service levels and increased profits. DS Retail Planning is designed around the philosophy of continuous replenishment, enabling actual demand to be consolidated from each point-of-sale (POS) location and routed to suppliers. DS Retail Planning leverages detailed analysis and strategic assortment planning for a store or group of stores. The result is a collaborative, highly responsive value chain from manufacturer or distributor to retail.

 

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Customers

We primarily target businesses in distribution-intensive markets such as consumer products, apparel, food and beverage, durable goods, aftermarket service parts, wholesale distribution, life sciences and manufacturing, including suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and retailers. A sample of companies that have licensed one or more modules of Logility Voyager Solutions or Demand Solutions follows:

 

     

Chemicals, Oil & Gas,

Life Sciences

Consumer Goods

  

Apparel

  
Avery Dennison Corporation    Brown Shoe Company    Arch Corporation
Ashley Furniture    Dana-Co    Berry Plastics Corporation
Alberto-Culver Company    Everlast Worldwide    BP Lubricants
Barilla    Georgia Boot    Cambrex Karlskoga AB
Basic American Foods    Mizuno USA    Chamberlin-Edmonds
Constellation Wines    Nike    Cole Parmer
Dawn Foods    Polo Ralph Lauren    Dow Chemical Company
Farley’s & Sathers Candy Company    Rafaella Apparel Group    Fisher Scientific International
Gloria Jeans Coffee    Savane    Genencor International
Hamilton Beach Proctor-Silex    Under Armour Performance Apparel    Genzyme Diagnostics
Haverty Furniture Company    Warnaco    Millipore
Hooker Furniture    Wells Lamont    NB Coatings
Jarden Consumer Products    Williamson-Dickie Manufacturing    Pfizer, Inc.
Johnson Polymer    VF Corporation    Sandoz
Lance       Shell Oil Company
Leviton Manufacturing Company    Manufacturing and Distribution    Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
L’Oreal USA       Stepan Company
Malt-O-Meal Company    American Racing    WM Barr & Company
Maybelline Inc.    A.O. Smith Water Products   
McCain Foods    Cengage Learning    Aftermarket Service Parts
O’Sullivan Furniture    Corning Cable Systems    Ad Plastik
Parmalat    Dal-Tile Corporation    CNH Case New Holland
Pernod-Ricard    Fastenal Company    Donaldson Company
Rand McNally    Ingram Micro    Farnell InOne
Reckitt Benckisen    Intertape Polymer Group    Holley Carburetors
Remington Products Company    Louisana Pacific    Hyundai Motor Australia
Republic Beverage Company    Mohawk Industries    Hyundai Motor America
Rockline Industries    Parker Hannifin    Komatsu Europe International
Snyders of Hanover    Robert Horne Paper Company    Peugeot International
Stanley Works    School Specialty    Porsche Cars North America
The Home Depot    Shaw Industries    Remy International
Wm. Wrigley    Snap On, Incorporated    Rheem Manufacturing
Xango    Tyco Fire Safety Products    Saab Aircraft
   Verifone    Standard Motor Products
   Verizon Wireless    SAIC
   Weyerhauser    Trelleborg

 

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No single customer accounted for 10% or more of our total revenues during fiscal year 2008. We typically experience a slight degree of seasonality, reflected in a slowing of services revenues during the annual winter holiday season, which occurs in the third quarter of our fiscal year. We are not reliant on government-sector customers.

Sales and Marketing

We develop and market both the Logility Voyager Solutions and the Demand Solutions product suites through both direct and indirect sales channels. We conduct our principal sales and marketing activities from corporate headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia, and in St. Louis, Missouri where Demand Management, Inc., our wholly-owned subsidiary, is located. We have sales and/or support offices in Boston, Chicago, Dallas, and Pittsburgh. We manage sales channels outside of North America from our international offices in the United Kingdom.

We have a number of marketing alliances, including those with IBM and SAP. Generally, these marketing alliance agreements provide the vendors with non-exclusive rights to market our products and access to our marketing materials and product training. Some highlights of these agreements are as follows:

 

   

IBM—we entered into an agreement with IBM on March 17, 2000 pursuant to which we modified our Supply Chain products, with IBM’s technical and financial assistance, to operate with IBM’s eServer iSeries (AS/400) platform. Also, we agreed to market and support the IBM-compatible supply chain products that resulted from our efforts. IBM may also market our supply chain products and refer potential customers to us.

 

 

 

SAP—On January 23, 2006, we were named a SAP® Business One Partner to provide supply chain solutions for the small and midsize business market in the United States. We have integrated our Demand Solutions application suite with SAP Business One to drive supply chain improvements for small and midsize businesses (SMB). Demand Solutions dovetails with SAP Business One’s solution extending the core business automation capabilities of SAP Business One and provides critical supply chain expertise to help customers predict future demand and make informed decisions to optimize inventory turns, customer service levels and profitability.

In addition to these marketing alliances, we have developed a network of agents who assist in selling our products globally. We intend to utilize these and future relationships with software and service organizations to enhance our sales and marketing position. These independent distributors and resellers, located in North America, South America, Mexico, Europe and the Asia/Pacific region, distribute our product lines in foreign countries. These vendors typically sell their own consulting and systems integration services in conjunction with licensing our products. Our global distribution channel consists of 31 organizations with sales, implementation and support resources serving customers in 74 countries.

We support our sales activities by conducting a variety of marketing programs including public relations, direct marketing, advertising, trade shows, product seminars, industry speakers, user group conferences and ongoing customer communication and industry analysts programs. We also participate in industry conferences such as those organized by the American Production and Inventory Control Specialists (APICS) and the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSMCP), formerly called the Council of Logistics Management (CLM).

Licenses

Like many business application software firms, our software revenue consists principally of fees generated from licensing our software products. In consideration of the payment of license fees, we typically grant nonexclusive, nontransferable, perpetual licenses, which are primarily business unit, user-specific and geographically restricted. Our standard license agreement contains provisions designed to prevent disclosure and

 

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unauthorized use of our software. In these agreements we warrant that our products will function in accordance with the specifications set forth in our product documentation. A large portion of the license fee is generally payable upon the delivery of the licensed system which includes software and product documentation, with the balance due upon installation.

The prices for our products are typically functions of the number of modules licensed and the number of servers, users and sites for which the solution is designed and deployed.

Customer Service and Support

We provide the following services and support to our customers:

Implementation Support: We offer our customers a professional and proven implementation program that facilitates rapid implementation of our software products. Our consultants help customers define the nature of their project, and subsequently proceed through the implementation process. We provide training for all users and managers involved. We first establish measurable financial and logistical performance indicators, and then evaluate them for conformance during and after implementation. Additional services beyond implementation can include post-implementation reviews and benchmarks to further enhance the benefits to customers.

Implementation: General Training Services. We offer our customers post-delivery professional services consisting primarily of implementation and training services, for which we typically charge on a daily basis. Customers that purchase implementation services receive assistance in integrating our solution with existing software applications and databases. Implementation of Logility Voyager Solutions typically requires three to nine months, depending on factors such as the complexity of a customer’s existing systems, the number of modules purchased, and the number of end users.

Product Maintenance and Updates: Support Services. We provide our customers with ongoing product support services. Typically, we enter into support or maintenance contracts with customers for an initial one to three year term, billed annually in advance, at the time of the product license with renewal for additional periods thereafter. Under these contracts, we provide telephone consulting, product updates and releases of new versions of products previously purchased by the customer, as well as error reporting and correction services. We provide ongoing support and maintenance services on a seven-day-a-week, 24-hours-a-day basis through telephone, electronic mail and web-based support, using a call logging and tracking system for quality assurance.

Research and Product Development

Our future success depends in part upon our ability to continue to enhance existing products, respond to changing customer requirements, develop and introduce new or enhanced products, and keep pace with technological developments and emerging industry standards. We focus our development efforts on several areas, including, but not limited to, enhancing operability of our products across distributed and changing heterogeneous hardware platforms, operating systems and relational databases, and adding functionality to existing products. These development efforts will continue to focus on deploying applications within a multi-tiered supply chain environment, including the Internet.

The current release of Logility Voyager Solutions is version 7.6. This version uses an Internet-based architecture for maximum scalability and messaging functionality that supports the increasingly distributed nature of supply chain planning, global sourcing, supply chain execution and collaborative commerce. Logility Voyager Solutions interface with software of leading ERP vendors such as SAP and Oracle.

The current release of the Demand Solutions products is version 10 and the current release of DS Retail Planning is version 4.2. These products are designed to work with a wide variety of MRP, ERP and legacy enterprise applications.

 

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Our client/server and Internet-based solutions, will be important for our long-term growth. As of April 30, 2008, we employed 57 persons in product research, development and enhancement activities.

Competition

We have targeted our products at distribution-intensive supply chain markets within the application software market, which is intensely competitive and characterized by rapid technological change. Our competitors are diverse and offer a variety of solutions directed at various aspects of the supply chain, as well as the enterprise application market as a whole. These include, but are not limited to, such vendors as i2 Technologies, JDA Software, and Red Prairie. In addition, we face potential competition from:

 

   

large enterprise resource planning (ERP) application software vendors such as SAP and Oracle, each of which offers sophisticated ERP solutions that currently, or may in the future, incorporate supply chain management modules, advanced planning and scheduling, warehouse management, transportation or collaboration software;

 

   

other business application software vendors that may broaden their product offerings by internally developing, or by acquiring or partnering with independent developers of supply chain management software; and

 

   

internal development efforts by corporate information technology departments.

We also expect to face additional competition as other established and emerging companies enter the market for collaborative commerce and supply chain management software and new products and technologies are introduced. In addition, current and potential competitors may make strategic acquisitions or establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties, thereby increasing the ability of their products to address the needs of our prospective customers. Accordingly, it is possible that new competitors or alliances among current and new competitors may emerge and rapidly gain significant market share. Increased competition could result in fewer customer orders, reduced gross margins and loss of market share.

The principal competitive factors in the target markets in which we compete include product functionality and quality, domain expertise, integration technologies, product suite integration, breadth of products and related services such as customer support, training and implementation services. Other factors important to customers and prospects include:

 

   

customer service and satisfaction

 

   

ability to provide relevant customer references

 

   

compliance with industry-specific requirements and standards

 

   

flexibility to adapt to changing business requirements

 

   

ability to generate business benefits

 

   

rapid payback and measurable return on investment

 

   

vendor financial stability and company as well as product reputation

 

   

initial license price, cost to implement and long term-total cost of ownership.

Many of our competitors and potential competitors have a broader worldwide presence, longer operating histories, significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources, greater name recognition, and a larger installed base of customers than we have. Some competitors have become more aggressive with their prices, payment terms and issuance of contractual implementation terms or guarantees. In order to be successful in the future, we must continue to develop innovative software solutions and respond promptly and effectively to technological change and competitors’ innovations. We may also have to lower prices or offer other favorable

 

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terms. Our competitors may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements or devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products.

We believe that our principal competitive advantages are our comprehensive, integrated solutions, our list of referenceable customers, the ability of our solutions to generate business benefits for our customers, our substantial investment in product development, our deep domain expertise, the ease of use of our software products, our customer support and implementation services, our ability to deploy quickly, and our ability to deliver rapid return on investment for our customers.

Proprietary Rights and Licenses

Our success and ability to compete are dependent in part upon our proprietary technology. To protect our proprietary technology, we rely on a combination of copyright and trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions, which may afford only limited protection. In addition, effective copyright and trade secret protection may be unavailable or limited in certain foreign countries. Although we rely on the limited protection afforded by such confidential and contractual procedures and intellectual property laws, we also believe that factors such as the knowledge, ability, and experience of our personnel, new product developments, frequent product enhancements, reliable maintenance and timeliness and quality of support services are essential to establishing and maintaining a technology leadership position. We presently have no patents or patent applications pending. The source code for our proprietary software is protected as a trade secret and as a copyrighted work. Generally, copyrights on our products expire 95 years after the year of first publication of each product. It is our policy to enter into confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, consultants and customers, and control access to and distribution of our software, documentation and other proprietary information. In addition, we have registered certain trademarks and have registration applications pending for other trademarks.

We provide our software products to customers under non-exclusive license agreements. As is customary in the software industry, in order to protect our intellectual property rights, we do not sell or transfer title to our products to our customers. Although the license agreements place restrictions on the customer’s use of our products, unauthorized use of our products nevertheless may occur. In addition, we have licensed the source code for our software to American Software, Inc (American Software), which owns approximately 88% of our common stock, on a limited basis to enable American Software to perform warranty, maintenance and support obligations for certain customers, for which it is responsible under certain license agreements that were not assigned to us in connection with the formation of Logility.

Despite measures we have taken to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to reverse engineer or copy aspects of our products or obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. Policing unauthorized use of our products is difficult and expensive. In addition, litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others, or to defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. Such litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

In the future, we may increasingly be subject to claims of intellectual property infringement as the number of products and competitors in our industry segment grows and the functionality of products in different industry segments overlaps. Although we are not aware that any of our products infringe upon the proprietary rights of third parties, there can be no assurance that third parties will not claim infringement by us with respect to current or future products. In addition, we may initiate claims or litigation against third parties for infringement of our proprietary rights or to establish the validity of our proprietary rights. Any such claims against us, with or without merit, as well as claims initiated by us against third parties, can be time consuming and expensive to defend, prosecute or resolve. Moreover, an adverse outcome in litigation or similar adversarial proceedings could subject us to significant liabilities to third parties, require the expenditure of significant resources to develop

 

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non-infringing technology, require a substantial amount of attention from management, require disputed rights to be licensed from others, require us to enter into royalty arrangements or require us to cease the marketing or use of certain products, any of which would have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. To the extent that we desire or are required to obtain licenses to patents or proprietary rights of others, there can be no assurance that any such licenses will be made available on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

We have re-licensed, and expect in the future to re-license, certain software from third parties for use in connection with our products. There can be no assurance that these third-party software vendors will not change their product offerings or that these software licenses will continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. The termination of any such licenses or product offerings, or the failure of the third-party licensors to adequately maintain or update their products, could result in delays in our ability to ship certain of our products while we seek to implement technology offered by alternative sources. Any required replacement licenses could prove costly. Further, any such delay, if it becomes extended, could result in a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Company Strategy

Our objective is to be the leading provider of collaborative supply chain solutions to enable small, medium, large, and Fortune 1000 companies to optimize their operations associated with the planning, sourcing, manufacture, storage, and distribution of products. Our strategy includes the following key elements:

Leverage and Expand Installed Base of Customers. We currently target distribution-intensive businesses in the consumer goods, apparel, food and beverage, durable goods, chemicals, wholesale distribution, aftermarket service parts, life sciences and supply chains consisting of suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers. We intend to continue to leverage our installed base of more than 1,250 customers to introduce additional functionality, product upgrades, complementary modules, and application hosting services. In addition, we intend to pursue sales to new customers in our existing vertical markets and to target additional vertical markets over time.

Continue to Expand Sales and Marketing. We intend to continue to pursue an increased share of the supply chain market for software solutions by focusing our sales and marketing activities on supply chain collaboration, optimization and logistics initiatives in distribution-intensive industries. We believe our competitive advantage includes providing a rapid implementation, easy-to-maintain configuration, and quick time-to-benefit across the full spectrum of supply chain operations. We intend to continue building a direct sales force that is focused on selected vertical markets, such as consumer goods, apparel, wholesale distribution, aftermarket service parts and manufacturing supply chains.

Expand Indirect Channels to Increase Market Penetration. We believe that key relationships with value-added resellers (VARs) will increase sales and expand market penetration of our products and services. For example, on January 23, 2006, we were named a SAP® Business One Partner to provide supply chain solutions for the small and midsize business market in the United States. We have integrated our Demand Solutions application suite with SAP Business One to drive supply chain improvements for small and midsize businesses (SMB). Demand Solutions extends the core business automation capabilities of SAP Business One and provides critical supply chain expertise to help customers predict future demand and make informed decisions to optimize inventory turns, customer service levels and profitability.

Maintain Technology Leadership. We believe that we are a technology leader in the field of collaborative supply chain optimization solutions and intend to continue to provide innovative, advanced solutions and services to this market. We believe that we were one of the earliest providers of supply chain management software solutions on a client-server platform and on Windows, and the first to introduce a collaborative supply chain planning solution that operates over the Internet. We intend to continue to develop and introduce new and enhanced products and keep pace with technological developments and emerging industry standards.

 

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Invest Aggressively to Build Market Share. We intend to continue to invest to expand our sales force, research and development efforts, and consulting infrastructure, balanced with our goal of increasing profitability. We believe these investments are necessary to increase our market share and to capitalize on the growth opportunities in the market.

Acquire or Invest in Complementary Businesses, Products and Technologies. We believe that select acquisitions or investments may provide opportunities to broaden our product offering to provide more advanced solutions for our target markets. We will evaluate acquisitions or investments that will provide us with complementary products and technologies, expand our geographic presence and distribution channels, penetrate additional vertical markets with challenges and requirements similar to those we currently meet, and further solidify our leadership position within the supply chain management market.

Focus on Integrated Collaborative Planning and Supply Chain Execution Solution. We believe we are one of the few providers of truly integrated supply chain management software solutions addressing demand and supply planning as well as transportation and warehousing logistics requirements. Logility Voyager Solutions provide a comprehensive suite for supply chain planning, warehouse and transportation management with collaboration at its core, streamlining business processes between both internal and external trading partners. We intend to continue to focus our development initiatives on enhancing our end-to-end solution, expanding our embedded performance management architecture and introducing additional capabilities that complement our integrated solution suite.

Increase Penetration of International Markets. In the fiscal year ended April 30, 2008, we generated 17% of our total revenues from international sales, resulting from marketing relationships with a number of international distributors. Our experienced global distribution network provides sales, implementation and support resources serving customers in 74 countries. We intend to further expand our international presence by creating additional relationships with distributors in South America, Europe, and the Asia/Pacific region.

Expand Strategic Relationships. We intend to expand the depth and number of strategic relationships with leading enterprise software, systems integrators and service providers to integrate the Logility Voyager Solutions suite into their services and products and to create joint marketing opportunities. We have a number of marketing alliances, including those with IBM and SAP. In addition, we have developed a network of international agents who assist in the sale and support of our products. We intend to utilize these and future relationships with software and service organizations to enhance our sales and marketing position.

Continue to Focus on Providing High Quality Customer Service. Providing high quality customer service is a critical element of our strategy. We intend to continue to invest in technology and personnel to accommodate the needs of our growing customer base. We will continue to seek new ways to improve service to our customers.

There can be no assurance, however, that we will be successful in implementing the strategy outlined above.

Employees

As of April 30, 2008, we had 141 full-time employees, consisting of 34 in sales and marketing, 57 in product development, 43 in customer support and implementation services and 7 in administration and finance. We believe our employee relations are good. We have never had a work stoppage and no employees are represented under collective bargaining arrangements. We believe that our continued success will depend in part on our ability to continue to attract and retain highly skilled technical, marketing and management personnel, who may be in great demand.

 

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

A variety of factors may affect our future results and the market price of our stock.

We have included certain forward-looking statements in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and elsewhere in this Form 10-K. We may also make oral and written forward-looking statements from time to time, in reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and otherwise. We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revisions to these forward-looking statements based on circumstances or events which occur in the future. Actual results may differ materially from those projected in any such forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those set forth below and elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

We operate in a dynamic and rapidly changing environment that involves numerous risks and uncertainties. The following section lists some, but not all, of the risks and uncertainties that we believe may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows or results of operations. This section should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto, and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

We cannot predict every event and circumstance that may impact our business and, therefore, the risks and uncertainties discussed below may not be the only ones to be considered.

The risks and uncertainties discussed below are in addition to those that apply to most businesses generally. In addition, as we continue to operate our business, we may encounter risks of which we are not aware at this time. These additional risks may cause serious damage to our business in the future, the impact of which we cannot estimate at this time.

RISK FACTORS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS

Our markets are very competitive, and we may not be able to compete effectively.

The markets for our solutions are very competitive. The intensity of competition in our markets has significantly increased in part as a result of the deterioration in the current business climate within the United States and other geographic regions in which we operate . We expect this intensity of competition to increase in the future. Our current and potential competitors may make acquisitions of other competitors and may establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties. Any significant consolidation among supply chain software companies could adversely affect our competitive position. Increased competition has resulted and in the future could result in price reductions, lower gross margins, longer sales cycles and the loss of market share. Each of these developments could have a material adverse effect on our operating performance and financial condition.

Many of our current and potential competitors have significantly greater resources than we do, and therefore, we may be at a disadvantage in competing with them.

We directly compete with other supply chain software vendors, including SAP, I2 Technologies, JDA Software, Oracle Corporation, Manhattan Associates, and Red Prairie, as well as potentially with other ERP software providers. Some of our current and potential competitors have significantly greater financial, marketing, technical and other competitive resources than we do, as well as greater name recognition and a larger installed base of clients. The software market has experienced significant consolidation. This consolidation has included numerous mergers and acquisitions, including Oracle’s acquisitions of Peoplesoft, Reek, ProfitLogic, Inc., 360Commerce, Siebel Systems, Inc. and Global Logistics Technologies, Inc.; SAP AG’s acquisitions of Triversity, Inc. and Khimetics. Inc.; and JDA Software’s acquisition of Manugistics Group. It is difficult to estimate what long term effect these acquisitions will have on our competitive environment. We also compete

 

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with large competitors who may offer to license at no charge certain of its retail software applications that compete with our solutions. If large competitors such as Oracle and SAP AG and other large private companies are willing to license their retail and/or other applications at no charge it may result in a more difficult competitive environment for our products. In addition, we could face competition from large, multi-industry technology companies that have historically not offered an enterprise solution set to the retail supply chain market. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to compete successfully for customers against our current or future competitors, or that competition will not have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. Also, some prospective buyers are experiencing reluctance in purchasing applications that could have a short lifespan due to an acquisition resulting in the application’s life being abruptly cut short. In addition, increased competition and consolidation in these markets is likely to result in price reductions, reduced operating margins and changes in market share, any one of which could adversely affect us. If customers or prospects want to reduce the number of their software vendors, they may elect to purchase competing products from a larger vendor than us since those larger vendors offer a wider range of products. Furthermore, certain of these larger vendors such as Oracle Corporation may be capable of bundling their software with their database applications, which underlie a significant portion of our installed applications. When we compete with these larger vendors for new customers, we believe that these larger businesses often attempt to use their size as a competitive advantage against us.

In addition, many of our competitors have well-established relationships with our current and potential clients and have extensive knowledge of our industry. As a result, they may be able to adapt more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in client requirements or to devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we can. Some competitors have become more aggressive with their prices and payment terms and issuance of contractual implementation terms or guarantees. We may be unable to continue to compete successfully with new and existing competitors without lowering prices or offering other favorable terms. Furthermore, potential customers may consider outsourcing options, including application service providers, data center outsourcing and service bureaus as alternatives to licensing our software products. Any of these factors could materially impair our ability to compete and have a material adverse effect on our operating performance and financial condition.

In addition, we face competition from the corporate information technology departments of current or potential customers capable of internally developing solutions and we compete with a variety of more specialized software and services vendors, including:

 

   

Internet (on demand) software vendors;

 

   

single-industry software vendors;

 

   

merging enterprise resource optimization software vendors;

 

   

human resource management software vendors;

 

   

financial management software vendors;

 

   

merchandising software vendors;

 

   

services automation software vendors; and

 

   

outsourced services providers.

As a result, the market for supply chain software applications has been and continues to be intensely competitive. Some competitors are increasingly aggressive with their pricing, payment terms and/or issuance of contractual warranties, implementation terms or guarantees. Third party service companies may offer competing maintenance and implementation services to our customers and thereby reduce our opportunities to provide those services. We may be unable to continue to compete successfully with new and existing competitors without lowering prices or offering other favorable terms to customers. We expect competition to persist and intensify, which could negatively impact our operating results and market share.

 

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The continuing uncertainty in U.S. and global markets may reduce demand for our software and related services, which may negatively affect our revenues and operating results.

Our performance may be negatively impacted by macroeconomic or other external influences. Our revenues and profitability depend on the overall demand for our software, professional services and maintenance. Regional and global economic change and uncertainty and political instability in key geographic areas have resulted in companies reducing their spending for technology projects generally and delaying or reconsidering potential purchases of our products and related services. The uncertainty posed by the long-term effects of the war in the Middle East, terrorist activities, related uncertainties and risks, and other geopolitical issues may adversely impact the purchasing decisions of current or potential customers. Future declines in demand for our products or services could adversely affect our revenues and operating results. Reductions in the capital budgets of our customers and prospective customers could have an adverse impact on our ability to sell our solutions. We believe that a deterioration in the current business climate within the United States and/or other geographic regions in which we operate, in addition to continued delays in capital spending, could have a material adverse impact on our business and our ability to compete.

We are dependent upon key personnel, and need to attract and retain highly qualified personnel in all areas.

Our future operating results depend significantly upon the continued service of a relatively small number of key senior management and technical personnel, including our Chief Executive Officer, J. Michael Edenfield. None of our key personnel are bound by long-term employment agreements. We do not have in place “key person” life insurance policies on any of our employees. The loss of Mr. Edenfield or one or more other key individuals could have an adverse effect on us.

Our future success also depends on our continuing ability to attract, train, retain and motivate other highly qualified managerial and technical personnel. Competition for these personnel is intense, and we have at times experienced difficulty in recruiting and retaining qualified personnel, including sales and marketing representatives, qualified software engineers involved in ongoing product development, and personnel who assist in the implementation of our products and provide other services. The market for such individuals is competitive. For example, it has been particularly difficult to attract and retain product development personnel experienced in object oriented development technologies. Given the critical roles of our sales, product development and consulting staffs, our inability to recruit successfully or the occurrence of any significant loss of key personnel could have an adverse affect on us.

A high level of employee mobility and aggressive recruiting of skilled personnel characterizes the software industry. It may be particularly difficult to retain or compete for skilled personnel against larger, better known software companies. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to retain our current personnel, attract and retain other highly qualified technical and managerial personnel in the future, or be able to assimilate the employees from any acquired businesses. We will continue to adjust the size and composition of our workforce to match the different product and geographic demand cycles. If we are unable to attract and retain the necessary technical and managerial personnel, or assimilate the employees from any acquired businesses, our business, operating results and financial condition would be adversely affected.

The failure to attract, train, retain and effectively manage employees could negatively impact our development and sales efforts and could cause a degradation of our customer service. In particular, the loss of sales personnel could lead to lost sales opportunities due to the length of time required to hire and train replacement sales personnel. If our competitors increase their use of non-compete agreements, the pool of available sales and technical personnel may further narrow in certain areas, even if the non-compete agreements ultimately prove to be unenforceable. We may grant large numbers of stock options to attract and retain personnel, which could be highly dilutive to our stockholders. The volatility or lack of positive performance of our stock price may adversely affect our ability to retain or attract employees. The loss of key management and

 

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technical personnel or the inability to attract and retain additional qualified personnel could have an adverse effect on us.

We periodically have restructured our sales force, which can be disruptive.

We continue to rely heavily on our direct sales force. In recent years, we have restructured or made other adjustments to our sales force in response to factors such as product changes, geographical coverage and other internal considerations. Change in the structures of the sales force and sales force management can result in temporary lack of focus and reduced productivity that may affect revenues in one or more quarters. Future restructuring of our sales force could occur, and if so we may again experience the adverse transition issues associated with such restructuring.

Our growth is dependent upon the successful further development of our direct and indirect sales channels.

We believe that our future growth also will depend on developing and maintaining successful strategic relationships with systems integrators and other technology companies. Our strategy is to continue to increase the proportion of customers served through indirect channels. We are currently investing, and plan to continue to invest, significant resources to develop these indirect channels. This investment could adversely affect our operating results if these efforts do not generate license and service revenue necessary to offset this investment. Also, our inability to partner with other technology companies and qualified systems integrators could adversely affect our results of operations. Because lower unit prices are typically charged on sales made through indirect channels, increased indirect sales could reduce our average selling prices and result in lower gross margins. In addition, sales of our products through indirect channels will reduce our consulting service revenues, as the third-party systems integrators provide these services. As indirect sales increase, our direct contact with our customer base will decrease, and we may have more difficulty accurately forecasting sales, evaluating customer satisfaction and recognizing emerging customer requirements. In addition, systems integrators and third-party software providers may develop, acquire or market products competitive with our products. Our strategy of marketing our products directly to customers and indirectly through systems integrators and other technology companies may result in distribution channel conflicts. Our direct sales efforts may compete with those of our indirect channels and, to the extent different systems integrators target the same customers, systems integrators may also come into conflict with each other. Any channel conflicts that develop may have a material adverse effect on our relationships with systems integrators or harm our ability to attract new systems integrators.

We may be required to defer recognition of license revenue for a significant period of time after entering into an agreement, which could negatively impact our results of operations.

We may have to delay recognizing license revenue for a significant period of time based on a variety of factors, including:

 

   

whether the license agreement relates to then-unavailable software products;

 

   

whether transactions include both currently deliverable software products and software products that are under development or other undeliverable elements;

 

   

whether the customer demands services that include significant modifications, customizations or complex interfaces that could delay products delivery or acceptance;

 

   

whether the transaction involves acceptance criteria that may preclude revenue recognition or if there are identified product-related issues, such as known defects; and

 

   

whether the transaction involves payment terms or fees that depend upon contingencies.

 

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These factors and other specific accounting requirements under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) for software revenue recognition require that we have very precise terms in our license agreements to allow us to recognize revenue when we initially deliver software or perform services. Although we have a standard form of license agreement that we believe meets the criteria under GAAP for current revenue recognition on delivered elements, we negotiate and revise these terms and conditions in many transactions. Therefore, it is possible that from time to time we may license our software or provide services with terms and conditions that do not permit revenue recognition at the time of delivery or even as work on the project is completed.

We are dependent upon the consumer goods, apparel, food and beverage, durable goods, aftermarket service parts, life sciences, manufacturing, wholesale distribution and retail industries for a significant portion of our revenues.

Historically, a significant portion of our revenues come from the license of software products to distribution-intensive markets such as consumer goods, apparel, food and beverage, durable goods, aftermarket service parts, life sciences, general manufacturers, wholesalers and retailer. The success of our customers is directly linked to economic conditions in these industries, which in turn are subject to intense competitive pressures and are affected by overall economic conditions. In addition, we believe that the licensing of certain of our software products involves a significant capital expenditure, which is often accompanied by hardware purchases or other capital commitments. As a result, demand for our products and services could decline in the event of instability or potential downturns in our customers’ industries.

We believe manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers remain cautious in their level of investment in information technology during the difficult economic cycle of the last few years, and the uncertainty related to the threat of future terrorist attacks and any continued conflict in Iraq. We remain concerned about weak and uncertain economic conditions, consolidations and the movement of manufacturing to offshore, global sourcing partners in certain markets. These industries will be negatively impacted if weak economic conditions or fear of additional terrorist attacks and wars persist for an extended period of time. Weak and uncertain economic conditions have in the past, and may in the future, negatively impact our revenues, including potential deterioration of our maintenance revenue base as customers look to reduce their costs, elongation of our selling cycles, and reduction in the demand for our products. As a result, it is difficult in the current economic environment to predict exactly when specific software licenses will close. In addition, weak and uncertain economic conditions could impair our customers’ ability to pay for our products or services. Any of these factors could adversely impact our business, our quarterly or annual operating results and our financial condition.

We also believe that these industries may be consolidating resulting in increased competition in certain geographic regions that could negatively impact the industry and our customers’ ability to pay for our products and services. Such consolidation has in the past, and may in the future, negatively impact our revenues, reduce the demand for our products and may negatively impact our business, operating results and financial condition.

We may derive a significant portion of our revenues in any quarter from a limited number of large, non-recurring license sales.

We expect to continue to experience from time to time large, individual license sales, which may cause significant variations in quarterly license fees. We also believe that purchasing our products is relatively discretionary and generally involves a significant commitment of a customer’s capital resources. Therefore, a downturn in any customer’s business could result in order cancellations that could have a significant adverse impact on our revenues and quarterly results. Moreover, continued declines in general economic conditions could precipitate significant reductions in corporate spending for information technology, which could result in delays or cancellations of orders for our products.

 

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Our lengthy sales cycle makes it difficult to predict quarterly revenue levels and operating results.

Because license and implementation fees for our software products are substantial and the decision to purchase our products typically involves members of our customers’ senior management, the sales process for our solutions is lengthy and can exceed one year. Accordingly, the timing of our license revenues is difficult to predict, and the delay of an order could cause our quarterly revenues to fall substantially below our expectations and those of public market analysts and investors. Moreover, to the extent that we succeed in shifting customer purchases away from individual software products and toward more costly integrated suites of software and services, our sales cycle may lengthen, which could increase the likelihood of delays and cause the effect of a delay to become more pronounced. Delays in sales could cause significant shortfalls in our revenues and operating results for any particular period. Also, it is difficult for us to forecast the timing and recognition of revenues from sales of our products because our existing and prospective customers often take significant time evaluating our products before licensing them. The period between initial customer contact and a purchase by a customer may vary from nine months to more than one year. During the evaluation period, prospective customers may decide not to purchase or may scale down proposed orders of our products for various reasons, including:

 

   

reduced demand for supply chain software solutions;

 

   

introduction of products by our competitors;

 

   

lower prices offered by our competitors;

 

   

changes in budgets and purchasing priorities; and

 

   

reduced need to upgrade existing systems.

Our existing and prospective customers routinely require education regarding the use and benefits of our products. This may also lead to delays in receiving customers’ orders.

We derive a significant portion of our services revenues from a small number of customers. If these customers were to discontinue the usage of our services or delay their implementation our total revenues would be adversely affected.

We derive a significant portion of our services revenues, and total revenues, from a small number of customers using our services for product enhancement and other optional services. If these customers were to discontinue or delay the usage of these services, or obtain these services from a competitor, our services revenues and total revenues would be adversely affected. Customers may delay or terminate implementation of our services due to budgetary constraints related to economic uncertainty, dissatisfaction with product quality, the difficulty of prioritizing a surplus of information technology projects, changes in business strategy, personnel or priorities, or for other reasons. Such customers may be less likely to invest in additional software in the future and to continue to pay for software maintenance. Since our business relies to a large extent upon sales to existing customers and since maintenance and services revenues are key elements of our revenue base, any reduction in these sales or these maintenance and services payments could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

Services revenues carry lower gross margins than license revenues and an overall increase in services revenues as a percentage of total revenues could have an adverse impact on our business.

Because service revenues have lower gross margins than license revenues, an increase in the percentage of total revenues represented by service revenues could have a detrimental impact on our overall gross margins and could adversely affect operating results. As a result, an increase in services revenues as a percentage of total revenues and a change in the mix between services that are provided by our employees versus services provided by third-party consultants may negatively affect our gross margins.

 

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If our customers elect not to renew maintenance contracts after the initial maintenance period, and the loss of those customers is not offset by new maintenance customers, our maintenance revenues and total revenues would be adversely affected.

Upon the purchase of a software license, our customers typically enter into a maintenance contract with a term from approximately one to three years. If, after this initial maintenance period, customers elect not to renew their maintenance contracts, and we do not offset the loss of those customers by new maintenance customers as a result of new license fees, our maintenance revenues and total revenues would be adversely affected.

We may not be successful in convincing customers to migrate to current or future releases of our products, which may lead to reduced services and maintenance revenues and less future business from existing customers.

Our customers may not be willing to incur the costs or invest the resources necessary to complete upgrades to current or future releases of our products. This may lead to our loss of services and maintenance revenues and future business from customers that continue to operate prior versions of our products or choose to no longer use our products.

We may change our pricing practices, which could adversely impact operating margins or customer ordering patterns.

The intensely competitive markets in which we compete can put pressure on us to reduce our prices. If our competitors offer deep discounts on certain products or services in an effort to recapture or gain market share or to sell other products or services, we may need to lower prices or offer other favorable terms in order to compete successfully. For these and other reasons, in the future, we may choose to make changes to our pricing practices. For example, we may (i) offer additional discounts to customers, (ii) increase (or decrease) the use of pricing that involves periodic fees based on the number of users of a product, or (iii) change maintenance pricing. Such changes could reduce margins or inhibit our ability to sell our products.

If accounting interpretations relating to revenue recognition change or companies we acquire have applied such standards differently than we do or have not applied them at all, our reported revenues could decline or we could be forced to make changes in our business practices or we may incur the expense and risks associated with an audit or restatement of the acquired company’s financial statements.

There are several accounting standards and interpretations covering revenue recognition for the software industry. These pronouncements include Statement of Position (SOP) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, and SOP 98-9, Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, With Respect to Certain Transactions. In addition, the Securities and Exchange Commission staff has issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No.104, which explain how the SEC staff believes existing revenue recognition rules should be applied to or interpreted for transactions not addressed by existing rules. This standard addresses software revenue recognition matters primarily from a conceptual level and do not include specific implementation guidance. We believe that we currently comply with these standards.

The accounting profession and regulatory agencies continue to discuss various provisions of these pronouncements with the objective of providing additional guidance on their application and with respect to potential interpretations. These discussions and the issuance of new interpretations, could lead to unanticipated changes in our current revenue accounting practices, which could change the timing of recognized revenue. They could also drive significant adjustments to our business practices which could result in increased administrative costs, lengthened sales cycles and other changes which could adversely affect our reported revenues and results of operations. In addition, companies we acquire may have historically interpreted software revenue recognition rules differently than we do or may not have been subject to US GAAP as a result of reporting under local GAAP in a foreign country. If we discover that companies we have acquired have interpreted and applied software

 

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revenue recognition rules differently than prescribed by US GAAP, we could be required to devote significant management resources, and incur the expense associated with an audit, restatement or other examination of the acquired companies’ financial statements.

Serious harm to our business could result if our encryption technology fails to ensure the security of our customers’ online transactions.

The secure exchange of confidential information over public networks is a significant concern of consumers engaging in on-line transactions and interaction. Some of our software applications use encryption technology to provide the security necessary to affect the secure exchange of valuable and confidential information. Advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries in the field of cryptography or other events or developments could result in a compromise or breach of the algorithms that these applications use to protect customer transaction data. If any compromise or breach were to occur, it could have a material adverse affect on our business, results of operation and financial condition.

If our customers lose confidence in the security of data on the Internet, our revenues could be adversely affected.

Maintaining the security of computers and computer networks is an issue of critical importance for our customers. Attempts by experienced computer programmers, or hackers, to penetrate client network security or the security of web sites to misappropriate confidential information are currently an industry-wide phenomenon that affects computers and networks across all platforms. Despite efforts to address these risks, actual or perceived security vulnerabilities in our products (or the Internet in general) could lead some customers to seek to reduce or delay future purchases or to purchase competitors’ products which are not Internet-based applications. Customers may also increase their spending to protect their computer networks from attack, which could delay adoption of new technologies. Any of these actions by customers could adversely affect our revenues.

We depend on third-party technology which, if it should become unavailable or if it contains defects, could result in increased costs or delays in the production and improvement of our products.

We license critical third-party software products that we incorporate into our own software products. We are likely to incorporate and include additional third-party software into and with our products and solutions as we expand our product offerings. If our relations with any of these third-party software providers are impaired, and if we are unable to obtain or develop a replacement for the software, our business could be harmed. The operation of our products would be impaired if errors occur in the third-party software that we utilize. It may be more difficult for us to correct any defects in third-party software because the software is not within our control. Accordingly, our business could be adversely affected in the event of any errors in this software. There can be no assurance that these third parties will continue to invest the appropriate levels of resources in their products and services to maintain and enhance the capabilities of their software. If the cost of licensing any of these third-party software products significantly increases, our gross margin levels could significantly decrease.

Our future growth depends upon our ability to develop and sustain relationships with complementary vendors to market and implement our software products, and failure to develop and sustain these relationships could have a material adverse affect on our operating performance and financial condition.

We are developing, maintaining and enhancing significant working relationships with complementary vendors, such as software companies, consulting firms, resellers and others that we believe can play important roles in marketing our products and solutions. We are currently investing, and intend to continue to invest, significant resources to develop and enhance these relationships, which could adversely affect our operating margins. We may be unable to develop relationships with organizations that will be able to market our products effectively. Our arrangements with these organizations are not exclusive and, in many cases, may be terminated by either party without cause. Many of the organizations with which we are developing or maintaining marketing

 

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relationships have commercial relationships with our competitors. There can be no assurance that any organization will continue its involvement with us and our products. The loss of relationships with important organizations could materially and adversely affect our operating performance and financial condition.

We may be unable to retain or attract customers if we do not develop new products and enhance our current products in response to technological changes and competing products.

As a software company, we have been required to migrate our products and services from mainframe to customer-server to web-based environments. In addition, we have been required to adapt our products to emerging standards for operating systems, databases and other technologies. We will be unable to compete effectively if we are unable to:

 

   

maintain and enhance our technological capabilities to correspond to these emerging environments and standards;

 

   

develop and market products and services that meet changing customer needs; or

 

   

anticipate or respond to technological changes on a cost-effective and timely basis.

A substantial portion of our research and development resources is devoted to product upgrades that address regulatory and support requirements. Only the remainder of our limited research and development resources is available for new products. New products require significant development investment. That investment is further constrained because of the added costs of developing new products that work with multiple operating systems or databases. We face uncertainty when we develop or acquire new products because there is no assurance that a sufficient market will develop for those products. If we do not attract sufficient customer interest in those products, we will not realize a return on our investment and our operating results will be adversely affected.

Our core products face competition from new or revised technologies that may render our existing technology less competitive or obsolete, reducing the demand for our products. As a result, we must continually redesign our products to incorporate these new technologies and to adapt our software products to operate on, and comply with evolving industry standards for hardware and software platforms. Maintaining and upgrading our products to operate on multiple hardware and database platforms reduces our resources for developing new products. Because of the increased costs of developing and supporting software products across multiple platforms, we may need to reduce the number of those platforms. In addition, conflicting new technologies present us with difficult choices of which new technologies to adopt. If we fail to anticipate the most popular platforms or fail to respond adequately to technological developments, or experience significant delays in product development or introduction, our business and operating results will be negatively impacted.

In addition, to the extent we determine that new technologies and equipment are required to remain competitive, the development, acquisition and implementation of such technologies may require us to make significant capital investments. We may not be able to obtain capital for these purposes and investments in new technologies may not result in commercially viable technological products. The loss of revenue and increased costs to us from such changing technologies would adversely affect our business and operating results.

If our products are not able to deliver quick, demonstrable value to our customers, our business could be seriously harmed.

Enterprises are requiring their application software vendors to provide faster times for a return of their investments on their technology investments. We must continue to improve the speed of our implementations and the pace at which our products deliver value or our competitors may gain important strategic advantages over us. If we cannot successfully respond to these market demands, or if our competitors respond more successfully than we do, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

 

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If we do not maintain software performance across accepted platforms and operating environments, our license and services revenue could be adversely affected.

The markets for our software products are characterized by rapid technological change, evolving industry standards, changes in customer requirements and frequent new product introductions and enhancements. We continuously evaluate new technologies and implement into our products advanced technology. However, if in our product development efforts we fail to accurately address, in a timely manner, evolving industry standards, new technology advancements or important third-party interfaces or product architectures, sales of our products and services will suffer.

Market acceptance of new platforms and operating environments may require us to undergo the expense of developing and maintaining compatible product lines. We can license our software products for use with a variety of popular industry standard relational database management system platforms using different programming languages and underlying databases and architectures. There may be future or existing relational database platforms that achieve popularity in the marketplace and that may or may not be architecturally compatible with our software product design. In addition, the effort and expense of developing, testing, and maintaining software product lines will increase as more hardware platforms and operating systems achieve market acceptance within our target markets. Moreover, future or existing user interfaces that achieve popularity within the business application marketplace may or may not be architecturally compatible with our current software product design. If we do not achieve market acceptance of new user interfaces that we support, or adapt to popular new user interfaces that we do not support, our sales and revenue may be adversely affected. Developing and maintaining consistent software product performance characteristics across all of these combinations could place a significant strain on our resources and software product release schedules, which could adversely affect revenue and results of operations.

We currently do not compete in the software “on demand” or application service provider markets.

Some businesses choose to access supply chain software applications through hosted “on demand” services or application service providers who distribute supply chain software through a hosted subscription service. We do not currently have our own “on demand” hosting program for our products and have had limited success with channel partners who serve as application service providers for customers. If these alternative distribution models gain popularity, we may not be able to compete effectively in this environment.

Our software products and product development are complex, which make it increasingly difficult to innovate, extend our product offerings, and avoid costs related to correction of program errors.

The market for our software products is characterized by rapid technological change, evolving industry standards, changes in customer requirements and frequent new product introductions and enhancements. For instance, existing products can become obsolete and unmarketable when vendors introduce products utilizing new technologies or new industry standards emerge. As a result, it is difficult for us to estimate the life cycles of our software products. There can be no assurance that we will successfully identify new product opportunities, develop and bring new products to the market in a timely and cost-effective manner, or that products, capabilities or technologies developed by our competitors will not render our products obsolete. Our future success will depend in part upon our ability to:

 

   

continue to enhance and expand our core applications;

 

   

continue to sell our products;

 

   

continue to successfully integrate third-party products;

 

   

enter new markets and achieve market acceptance; and

 

   

develop and introduce new products that keep pace with technological developments, including developments related to the Internet, satisfy increasingly sophisticated customer requirements and achieve market acceptance.

 

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Despite testing by us, our software programs, like all software programs generally, may contain a number of undetected errors or “bugs” when we first introduce them or as new versions are released. We do not discover some errors until we have installed the product and our customers have used it. Errors may result in the delay or loss of revenues, diversion of software engineering resources, material non-monetary concessions, negative media attention, or increased service or warranty costs as a result of performance or warranty claims could lead to customer dissatisfaction, resulting in litigation, damage to our reputation, and impaired demand for our products. Correcting bugs may result in increased costs and reduced acceptance of our software products in the marketplace. Further, such errors could subject us to claims from our customers for significant damages, and we cannot assure that courts would enforce the provisions in our customer agreements that limit our liability for damages. The effort and expense of developing, testing and maintaining software product lines will increase with the increasing number of possible combinations of:

 

   

vendor hardware platforms;

 

   

operating systems and updated versions;

 

   

application software products and updated versions; and

 

   

database management system platforms and updated versions.

Developing consistent software product performance characteristics across all of these combinations could place a significant strain on our development resources and software product release schedules.

If the open source community expands into supply chain application software, our license fee revenues may decline.

The open source community is comprised of many different formal and informal groups of software developers and individuals who have created a wide variety of software and have made that software available for use, distribution and modification, often free of charge. Open source software, such as the Linux operating system, has been gaining in popularity among business users. If developers contribute supply chain software to the open source community, and that software has competitive features and scale to support business users in our markets, we will need to change our product pricing and distribution strategy to compete successfully.

Implementation of our products can be complex, time-consuming and expensive; customers may be unable to implement our products successfully and we may become subject to warranty or product liability claims, which could be costly to resolve and result in negative publicity.

Our products must integrate with the many existing computer systems and software programs of our customers. This can be complex, time-consuming and expensive, and may cause delays in the deployment of our products. Our customers may be unable to implement our products successfully or otherwise achieve the benefits attributable to our products. Although we test each of our new products and product enhancement releases and evaluate and test the products we obtain through acquisitions before introducing them to the market, there may still be significant errors in existing or future releases of our software products, with the possible result that we may be required to expend significant resources in order to correct such errors or otherwise satisfy customer demands. In addition, defects in our products or difficulty integrating our products with our customers’ systems could result in delayed or lost revenues, warranty or other claims against us by customers or third parties, adverse customer reaction and negative publicity about us or our products and services or reduced acceptance of our products and services in the marketplace, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, results of operations and financial condition.

Failure to maintain our margins and service rates for implementation services could have a material adverse effect on our operating performance and financial condition.

A significant portion of our revenue is derived from implementation services. If we fail to scope our implementation projects correctly, our services margins may suffer. Implementation services are predominately

 

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billed on an hourly or daily basis (time and materials) and sometimes under fixed price contracts. Implementation services billed on an hourly or daily basis and we generally recognize revenue from those services as work is performed. If we are not able to maintain the current service rates for our time and materials implementation services, without corresponding cost reductions, or if the percentage of fixed price contracts increases and we underestimate the costs of our fixed price contracts, our operating performance may suffer. The rates we charge for our implementation services depend on a number of factors, including the following:

 

   

perceptions of our ability to add value through our implementation services;

 

   

complexity of services performed;

 

   

competition;

 

   

pricing policies of our competitors and of systems integrators;

 

   

the use of globally sourced, lower-cost service delivery capabilities within our industry; and

 

   

economic, political and market conditions.

An increase in sales of software products that require customization would result in revenue being recognized over the term of the contract for those products and could have a material adverse effect on our operating performance and financial condition.

Historically, we have been able to recognize software license revenue upon delivery of our solutions and contract execution. Recently, more of our customers and prospects have been asking for unique capabilities in addition to our core capabilities to give them a competitive edge in the market place. These instances could cause us to recognize more of our software license revenue on a contract accounting basis over the course of the delivery of the solution rather than upon delivery and contract execution. The period between initial contact and the completion of the implementation of our products can be lengthy and is subject to a number of factors (over many of which of which we have little or no control) that may cause significant delays. These factors include the size and complexity of the overall project. As a result, a shift toward a higher proportion of software license contracts requiring contract accounting would have a material adverse effect on our operating performance and financial condition and cause our operating results to vary significantly from quarter to quarter.

We sometimes experience delays in product releases, which can adversely affect our business.

Historically, we have issued significant new releases of our software products periodically, with minor interim releases issued more frequently. As a result of the complexities inherent in our software, major new product enhancements and new products often require long development and testing periods before they are released. On occasion, we have experienced delays in the scheduled release date of new or enhanced products, and we cannot provide any assurance that we will achieve future scheduled release dates. The delay of product releases or enhancements, or the failure of such products or enhancements to achieve market acceptance, could materially affect our business and reputation.

We may not receive significant revenues from our current research and development efforts for several years.

Developing and localizing software is expensive, and the investment in product development may involve a long payback cycle. Our future plans include significant investments in software research and development and related product opportunities. We believe that we must continue to dedicate a significant amount of resources to our research and development efforts to maintain our competitive position. However, we do not expect to receive significant revenues from these investments for several years, if at all.

 

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Our past and future acquisitions may not be successful and we may have difficulty integrating acquisitions.

We continually evaluate potential acquisitions of complementary businesses, products and technologies. We have in the past acquired and invested, and may continue to acquire or invest, in complementary companies, products and technologies, and enter into joint ventures and strategic alliances with other companies.

Acquisitions, joint ventures, strategic alliances, and investments present many risks, and we may not realize the financial and strategic goals that were contemplated at the time of any transaction. Risks commonly encountered in such transactions include:

 

   

the risk that the acquired company or assets may not further our business strategy or that we paid more than the company or assets were worth;

 

   

the difficulty of assimilating the operations and retaining and motivating personnel of the combined companies;

 

   

the risk that we may not be able to integrate the acquired technologies or products with our current products and technologies;

 

   

the potential disruption of our ongoing business and the diversion of our management’s attention from other business concerns;

 

   

the inability of management to maximize our financial and strategic position through the successful integration of acquired businesses;

 

   

adverse impact on our annual effective tax rate;

 

   

dilution of existing equity holders caused by capital stock issuances to the stockholders of acquired companies or stock option grants to retain employees of the acquired companies;

 

   

difficulty in maintaining controls, procedures and policies;

 

   

potential adverse impact on our relationships with partner companies or third-party providers of technology or products;

 

   

the impairment of relationships with employees and customers;

 

   

potential assumption of liabilities of our acquisition targets;

 

   

significant exit or impairment charges if products acquired in business combinations are unsuccessful; and

 

   

issues with product quality, product architecture, legal contingencies, product development issues, or other significant issues that may not be detected through our due diligence process.

Recent changes in the law require the use of the purchase method of accounting in all new business acquisitions. Many acquisition candidates have significant intangible assets, and an acquisition of these businesses would likely result in significant amounts of goodwill and other intangible assets. The purchase method of accounting for business combinations may require large write-offs of any in-process research and development costs related to companies being acquired, as well as ongoing amortization costs for other intangible assets valued in combinations of companies. In addition, we will need to periodically measure goodwill for impairment that may result in large future write-offs. Such write-offs and ongoing amortization charges may have a significant negative impact on operating margins and net earnings in the quarter of the combination and for several subsequent years. We may not be successful in overcoming these risks or any other problems encountered in connection with such transactions.

 

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There may be an increase in customer bankruptcies due to weak economic conditions.

We have in the past and may in the future be impacted by customer bankruptcies that occur in periods subsequent to the software license sale. During weak economic conditions there is an increased risk that some of our customers will file bankruptcy. When our customers file bankruptcy, we may be required to forego collection of pre-petition amounts owed and to repay amounts remitted to us during the 90-day preference period preceding the filing. Accounts receivable balances related to pre-petition amounts may in some of these instances be large due to extended payment terms for software license fees, and significant billings for consulting and implementation services on large projects. The bankruptcy laws, as well as the specific circumstances of each bankruptcy, may severely limit our ability to collect pre-petition amounts, and may force us to disgorge payments made during the 90-day preference period. We also face risk from international customers that file for bankruptcy protection in foreign jurisdictions, in that the application of foreign bankruptcy laws may be more difficult to predict. Although we believe that we have sufficient reserves to cover anticipated customer bankruptcies, there can be no assurance that such reserves will be adequate, and if they are not adequate, our business, operating results and financial condition would be adversely affected.

Our business may require additional capital.

We may require additional capital to finance our growth or to fund acquisitions or investments in complementary businesses, technologies or product lines. Our capital requirements may be impacted by many factors, including:

 

   

demand for our products;

 

   

the timing of and extent to which we invest in new technology;

 

   

the timing of and extent to which we acquire other companies;

 

   

the level and timing of revenue;

 

   

the expenses of sales and marketing and new product development;

 

   

the success and related expense of increasing our brand awareness;

 

   

the cost of facilities to accommodate a growing workforce;

 

   

the extent to which competitors are successful in developing new products and increasing their market share; and

 

   

the costs involved in maintaining and enforcing intellectual property rights.

To the extent that our resources are insufficient to fund our future activities, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private financing. However, additional funding, if needed, may not be available on terms attractive to us, or at all. Our inability to raise capital when needed could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of equity securities, the percentage ownership of our company by our current shareholders would be diluted.

Our international operations and sales subject us to risks associated with unexpected activities outside of the United States.

The global reach of our business could cause us to be subject to unexpected, uncontrollable and rapidly changing events and circumstances in addition to those experienced in locations within the United States. As we grow our international operations, we may need to recruit and hire new consulting, product development, sales and marketing and support personnel in the countries in which we have or will establish offices. Entry into new international markets typically requires the establishment of new marketing and distribution channels, as well as the development and subsequent support of localized versions of our software. International introductions of our

 

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products often require a significant investment in advance of anticipated future revenues. In addition, the opening of a new office typically results in initial recruiting and training expenses and reduced labor efficiencies associated with the introduction of products to a new market. If we are less successful in a new market than we expect, we may not be able to realize an adequate return on our initial investment and our operating results could suffer. We cannot guarantee that the countries in which we operate will have a sufficient pool of qualified personnel from which to hire, that we will be successful at hiring, training or retaining such personnel or that we can expand or contract our international operations in a timely, cost effective manner. If we have to downsize certain international operations, the costs to do so are typically much higher than downsizing costs in the United States, particularly in Europe. The following factors, among others, could have an adverse impact on our business and earnings:

 

   

failure to properly comply with foreign laws and regulations applicable to our foreign activities including, without limitation, software localization requirements;

 

   

failure to properly comply with U.S. laws and regulations relating to the export of our products and services;

 

   

difficulties in managing foreign operations and appropriate levels of staffing;

 

   

longer collection cycles;

 

   

tariffs and other trade barriers;

 

   

seasonal reductions in business activities, particularly throughout Europe;

 

   

reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;

 

   

proper compliance with local tax laws which can be complex and may result in unintended adverse tax consequences;

 

   

anti-American sentiment due to the war in Iraq and other American policies that may be unpopular in certain countries;

 

   

increasing political instability, adverse economic conditions and the potential for war or other hostilities in many of these countries;

 

   

difficulties in enforcing agreements through foreign legal systems;

 

   

fluctuations in exchange rates may affect product demand and may adversely affect the profitability in U.S. dollars of products and services provided by us in foreign markets where payment for our products and services is made in the local currency;

 

   

changes in general economic and political conditions in countries where we operate;

 

   

potential labor strikes, lockouts, work slowdowns and work stoppages at U.S. and international ports; and

 

   

restrictions on downsizing operations in Europe and expenses and delays associated with any such activities.

Changes in the value of the U.S. Dollar, as compared to the currencies of foreign countries where we transact business, could harm our operating results.

To date, our international revenues have been denominated primarily in U.S. Dollars. However, the majority of our international expenses, including the wages of some of our employees, have been denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. Therefore, changes in the value of the U.S. Dollar as compared to these other currencies may adversely affect our operating results. We have implemented limited hedging programs to mitigate our exposure to currency fluctuations affecting international accounts receivable, cash balances and intercompany accounts, but we do not hedge our exposure to currency fluctuations affecting future international

 

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revenues and expenses and other commitments. For the foregoing reasons, currency exchange rate fluctuations have caused, and likely will continue to cause, variability in our foreign currency denominated revenue streams and our cost to settle foreign currency denominated liabilities.

We have limited protection of intellectual property and proprietary rights and may potentially infringe third-party intellectual property rights.

We consider certain aspects of our internal operations, software and documentation to be proprietary, and rely on a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret laws; confidentiality agreements with employees and third parties; and protective contractual provisions such as those contained in our license agreements with consultants, vendors, partners and customers and other measures to protect this information. Existing copyright laws afford only limited protection. We believe that the rapid pace of technological change in the computer software industry has made trade secret and copyright protection less significant than factors such as:

 

   

knowledge, ability and experience of our employees;

 

   

frequent software product enhancements;

 

   

customer education; and

 

   

timeliness and quality of support services.

Our competitors may independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our technology. The laws of some countries in which our software products are or may be licensed do not protect our software products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States.

We generally enter into confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, customers, consultants, and vendors. These agreements control access to and distribution of our software, documentation, and other proprietary information. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may copy aspects of our products, obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary, or develop similar technology through reverse engineering or other means. Preventing or detecting unauthorized use of our products is difficult. There can be no assurances that the steps we take will prevent misappropriation of our technology or that our license agreements will be enforceable. In addition, we may resort to litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, to determine the validity and scope of others’ proprietary rights, or to defend against claims of infringement or invalidity in the future. Such litigation could result in significant costs or the diversion of resources. This could materially adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

Third parties may assert infringement claims against us. Although we do not believe that our products infringe on the proprietary rights of third parties, we cannot guarantee that third parties will not assert or prosecute infringement or invalidity claims against us. These assertions could distract management, require us to enter into royalty arrangements, and could result in costly and time consuming litigation, including damage awards. Such assertions or defense of such claims may materially adversely affect our business, operating results, or financial condition. In addition, such assertions could result in injunctions against us. Injunctions that prevent us from distributing our products would have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition. If third parties assert such claims against us, we may seek to obtain a license to use such intellectual property rights. There can be no assurance that such a license would be available on commercially reasonable terms. If a patent claim against us were successful and we could not obtain a license on acceptable terms or license a substitute technology or redesign to avoid infringement, we may be prevented from distributing our software or required to incur significant expense and delay in developing non-infringing software.

 

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We may experience liability claims arising out of the licensing of our software and provision of services.

Our agreements normally contain provisions designed to limit our exposure to potential liability claims. However, these provisions could be invalidated by unfavorable judicial decisions or by federal, state, local or foreign laws or ordinances. For example, we may not be able to avoid or limit liability for disputes relating to product performance or the provision of services. If a claim against us were to be successful, we may be required to incur significant expense and pay substantial damages. Even if we prevailed, the accompanying publicity could adversely impact the demand for our products and services.

We also rely on certain technology that we license from third parties, including software that is integrated with our internally developed software. Although these third parties generally indemnify us against claims that their technology infringes on the proprietary rights of others, such indemnification is not always available for all types of intellectual property. Often such third-party indemnifiers are not well capitalized and may not be able to indemnify us in the event that their technology infringes on the proprietary rights of others. As a result, we may face substantial exposure in the event that technology we license from a third-party infringes on another party’s proprietary rights. Defending such infringement claims, regardless of their validity, could result in significant cost and diversion of resources.

Concerns that our products do not adequately protect the privacy of consumers could inhibit sales of our products.

One of the features of our software applications is the ability to develop and maintain profiles of customers for use by businesses. Typically, these products capture profile information when customers and employees visit an Internet web site and volunteer information in response to survey questions concerning their backgrounds, interests and preferences. Our products augment these profiles over time by collecting usage data. Although we have designed our products to operate with applications that protect user privacy, privacy concerns may nevertheless cause visitors to resist providing the personal data necessary to support this profiling capability. If we cannot adequately address customers’ privacy concerns, these concerns could seriously harm our business, financial condition and operating results.

We face risks associated with the security of our products.

We have included security features in certain of our Internet browser-enabled products that are intended to protect the privacy and integrity of customer data. Despite these security features, our products may be vulnerable to break-ins and similar problems caused by Internet users. Such break-ins and other disruptions could jeopardize the security of information stored in and transmitted through the computer systems of our customers. Break-ins include such things as hackers bypassing firewalls and accessing confidential information. Addressing problems caused by such break-ins may have a material adverse effect on our business.

Although our license agreements with our customers contain provisions designed to limit our exposure as a result of the defects listed above, such provisions may not be effective. Existing or future Federal, state, or local laws or ordinances or unfavorable judicial decisions could affect their enforceability. To date, we have not experienced any such product liability claims, but there can be no assurance that this will not occur in the future.

Because our products are used in essential business applications, a successful product liability claim could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition. Additionally, defending such a suit, regardless of its merits, could entail substantial expense and require the time and attention of key management.

 

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Growth in our operations could increase demands on our managerial and operational resources.

If the scope of our operating and financial systems and the geographic distribution of our operations and customers increase dramatically, it may increase demands on our management and operations. Our officers and other key employees will need to implement and improve our operational, customer support and financial control systems and effectively expand, train and manage our employee base.

Further, we may be required to manage an increasing number of relationships with various customers and other third parties. We may not be able to manage future expansion successfully, and our inability to do so could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.

Our business is subject to changing regulation of corporate governance and public disclosure that has increased both our costs and the risk of noncompliance.

Because our common stock is publicly traded, we are subject to certain rules and regulations of federal, state and financial market exchange entities charged with the protection of investors and the oversight of companies whose securities are publicly traded. These entities, including the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Securities and Exchange Commission and NASDAQ, have recently issued new requirements and regulations and continue to develop additional regulations and requirements in response to laws enacted recently by Congress, most notably the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Our efforts to comply with these new regulations have resulted in, and are likely to continue to result in, increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities.

In particular, our efforts to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related regulations regarding our internal controls over financial reporting have required, and continue to require, the commitment of significant financial and managerial resources. Moreover, because these laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance becomes available. This evolution may result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and additional costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to our disclosure and governance practices. Over time, we have made significant changes in, and may consider making additional changes to, our internal controls, our disclosure controls and procedures, and our corporate governance policies and procedures. Any system of controls, however well designed and operated, is based in part on certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurances that the objectives of the system are met. Any failure of our controls, policies and procedures could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

If in the future we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as of the end of the then current fiscal year (or, if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to attest that our management’s report is fairly stated or they it is unable to express an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting), we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which would have a negative market reaction.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR STOCK PRICE

We could experience fluctuations in quarterly operating results that could adversely impact our stock price.

Our actual quarterly operating results have varied in the past and are expected to continue to vary in the future. It is difficult to predict our revenues and operating results, which have varied widely from quarter to quarter in the past. We expect they will continue to vary significantly from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, many of which are outside our control. We base our expense levels, operating costs and hiring plans on projections of future revenues, and it is difficult for us to rapidly adjust when actual results do not match our projections. If our quarterly revenue or operating results fall below the expectations of investors or public market

 

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analysts, the price of our common stock could fall substantially. License revenues in any quarter depend substantially on our ability to recognize revenues in that quarter in accordance with our revenue recognition policies. Our contracting activity is difficult to forecast for a variety of reasons, including the following:

 

   

we complete a significant portion of our license agreements within the last few weeks of each quarter;

 

   

our sales cycle for our products and services from customer to customer, including multiple levels of authorization required by some customers is relatively long and variable because of the complex and mission-critical nature of our products;

 

   

the demand for our products and services can vary significantly;

 

   

the size of our license transactions can vary significantly;

 

   

the possibility of adverse global political conditions and economic downturns, both domestic and international, characterized by decreased product demand, price erosion, technological shifts, work slowdowns and layoffs, may substantially reduce customer demand and contracting activity;

 

   

customers may unexpectedly postpone or cancel anticipated system replacement or new system evaluations and implementation due to changes in their strategic priorities, project objectives, budgetary constraints, internal purchasing processes or company management;

 

   

customer evaluations and purchasing processes vary from company to company, and a customer’s internal approval and expenditure authorization process can be difficult and time consuming, even after selection of a vendor; and

 

   

the number, timing and significance of software product enhancements and new software product announcements by us and by our competitors may affect purchase decisions.

Variances or slowdowns in our licensing activity in prior quarters may affect current and future consulting, training and maintenance revenues since these revenues typically follow license fee revenues. Our ability to maintain or increase services revenues primarily depends on our ability to increase the number and size of our licensing agreements. In addition, we base our budgeted operating costs and hiring plans primarily on our projections of future revenues. Because most of our expense levels are relatively fixed including employee compensation and rent in the near term, if our actual revenues fall below projections in any particular quarter, our business, operating results, and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. In addition, our expense levels are based, in part, on our expectations regarding future revenue increases. As a result, any shortfall in revenue in relation to our expectations could cause significant changes in our operating results from quarter to quarter and could result in quarterly losses. As a result of these factors, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our revenue levels and operating results are not necessarily meaningful. Although we have grown significantly during the past several years, our prior growth rates may not be an accurate indicator of future operating results. As a result, predictions of our future performance should not be based solely on our historical quarterly revenue and operating results.

Our stock price is volatile and there is a risk of litigation.

The trading price of our common stock has in the past and may in the future be subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors such as the following:

 

   

revenue or results of operations in any quarter failing to meet the expectations, published or otherwise, of the investment community;

 

   

customer order deferrals resulting from the anticipation of new products, economic uncertainty, disappointing operating results by the customer, management changes, corporate reorganizations or otherwise;

 

   

reduced investor confidence in equity markets, due in part to corporate collapses in recent years;

 

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speculation in the press or analyst community;

 

   

wide fluctuations in stock prices, particularly with respect to the stock prices for other technology companies;

 

   

announcements of technological innovations by us or our competitors;

 

   

new products or the acquisition of significant customers by us or our competitors;

 

   

developments with respect to our copyrights or other proprietary rights or those of our competitors;

 

   

changes in interest rates;

 

   

changes in investors’ beliefs as to the appropriate price-earnings ratios for us and our competitors;

 

   

changes in recommendations or financial estimates by securities analysts who track our common stock or the stock of other software companies;

 

   

changes in management;

 

   

sales of common stock by our controlling stockholder, directors and executive officers;

 

   

rumors or dissemination of false or misleading information, particularly through Internet chat rooms, instant messaging, and other rapid-dissemination methods;

 

   

conditions and trends in the software industry generally;

 

   

the announcement of acquisitions or other significant transactions by us or our competitors;

 

   

adoption of new accounting standards affecting the software industry;

 

   

general market conditions;

 

   

domestic or international terrorism and other factors; and

 

   

the other factors described in this section.

Fluctuations in the price of our common stock may expose us to the risk of securities class action lawsuits. Although no such lawsuits are currently pending against us and we are not aware that any such lawsuit is threatened to be filed in the future, there is no assurance that we will not be sued based on fluctuations in the price of our common stock. Defending against such suits could result in substantial cost and divert management’s attention and resources. In addition, any settlement or adverse determination of these lawsuits could subject us to significant liabilities.

We rely to a large extent on services provided by American Software and are subject to effective control by American Software.

We operated as a division of American Software until we went public in 1997. Today, we are approximately 88% owned by American Software. We rely heavily on financial, accounting and management services provided by American Software. With few exceptions, American Software has no obligation to continue providing these services to us. Therefore, a reduction or discontinuation of services from American Software may adversely affect our business, cash flows, operating results and financial condition.

Moreover, because we share financial and accounting personnel with American Software, competing demands on such personnel can in some circumstances cause us to experience delays in the performance of important financial and accounting functions. While we believe the sharing of such resources will not prevent these personnel from performing any critical functions in these important areas, the delays that may occur can adversely affect our business operations.

 

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As long as American Software owns a majority of our Common Stock, it will be able to determine, without the consent of our other stockholders, the outcome of any corporate action requiring stockholder approval, including the election of our entire Board of Directors. In addition, through its ownership of a majority of our Common Stock and control of our Board of Directors, American Software will be able to control our management and affairs, including all determinations with respect to acquisitions, dispositions, mergers, and other business combinations, borrowings, issuances of our Common Stock or other equity securities, our dividend policy, and any change in control of Logility.

The principal stockholders of American Software indirectly may control our management decisions.

James C. Edenfield, Chief Executive Officer of American Software, and Thomas L. Newberry, Chairman of the Board of Directors of American Software, own 100% of the outstanding Class B common stock of American Software between them, giving them the right to elect a majority of the American Software Board of Directors. Mr. Edenfield and Dr. Newberry have reported in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission that they constitute a group, for voting purposes, in their ownership of American Software common stock. Mr. Edenfield, Dr. Newberry and members of their immediate families currently constitute four of the eight members of the American Software Board and, thus, have significant influence in directing the actions of the American Software Board of Directors and all other matters requiring approval or acquiescence by its shareholders, including the composition of their Board of Directors, approval of mergers and other business combinations, amendments to their certificate of incorporation, a substantial sale of their assets, including their ownership of our Common Stock, a merger or similar corporate transaction or a non-negotiated takeover attempt. Such concentration of ownership may discourage a potential acquirer from making an offer to buy American Software or our Company that other shareholders might find favorable, which in turn could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Accordingly, the risks associated with the control exerted by American Software also apply, indirectly, to the control exerted by Mr. Edenfield and Dr. Newberry over American Software.

Our articles of incorporation and bylaws and Georgia law may inhibit a takeover of our company.

Our basic corporate documents and Georgia law contain provisions that might enable our management to resist a takeover of our Company. These provisions might discourage, delay or prevent a change in the control of our Company or a change in our management. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for shareholders to elect directors and take other corporate actions. The existence of these provisions could also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.

The price of our common stock may decline due to shares eligible for future sale or actual future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock

Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales may occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. Currently, American Software owns approximately 88% of our Common Stock. Sales of substantial amounts of our Common Stock in the public market by American Software, or the perception that such sales may occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities.

The Company is a “controlled company” within the meaning of NASDAQ rules and, as a result, qualifies for, and relies on, exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements.

Because the Company is controlled by American Software, the Company is a “controlled company” within the meaning of the rules governing companies with stock quoted on The NASDAQ National Market. Under these rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, a group or another company is a “controlled company” and is exempt from certain corporate governance requirements, including

 

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requirements that (1) a majority of the board of directors consist of independent directors, (2) compensation of officers be determined or recommended to the board of directors by a majority of its independent directors or by a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors and (3) director nominees be selected or recommended for selection by a majority of the independent directors or by a nominating committee composed solely of independent directors. The Company’s Board of Directors does have a majority of independent directors, and its compensation committee currently does consist entirely of independent directors. However, the Board is not required to have a nominating committee, and it has not chosen to establish a nominating committee. Accordingly, the procedures for approving significant corporate decisions for the Company are not subject to the same corporate governance requirements as non-controlled companies with stock quoted on The NASDAQ National Market.

 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None

 

Item 2. Properties

We maintain our headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. Some of our offices are occupied pursuant to the Facilities Agreement with American Software, the terms of which are summarized in “Part III, Item 13—Certain Relationships and Related Transactions,” below. We also lease space for offices in five locations in the United States, as well as approximately 1,800 square feet of office space in the United Kingdom. We believe our existing facilities are adequate for our current needs and that suitable additional or substitute space will be available as needed on commercially reasonable terms.

 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

Many of our installations involve products that are critical to the operations of our clients’ businesses. Any failure in our products could result in a claim for substantial damages against us, regardless of our responsibility for such failure. Although we attempt to limit contractually our liability for damages arising from product failures or negligent acts or omissions, there can be no assurance that the limitations of liability contained in our contracts will be enforceable in all instances. We are not currently a party to any material legal proceeding that would require disclosure under this Item.

 

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

There were no matters submitted to a vote of stockholders during the fourth quarter of our recently completed fiscal year.

 

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PART II

 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our Common Stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol LGTY. As of July 11, 2008, there were more than 1,000 stockholders that held their stock either individually or in nominee or “street” names through various brokerage firms. The table below presents the quarterly high and low sales prices for our common stock as reported by Nasdaq, for our last two fiscal years:

 

Fiscal Year 2008

   High    Low

First Quarter

   $ 13.03    $ 8.15

Second Quarter

   $ 14.85    $ 9.28

Third Quarter

   $ 14.32    $ 8.98

Fourth Quarter

   $ 11.56    $ 5.56

Fiscal Year 2007

   High    Low

First Quarter

   $ 11.50    $ 6.77

Second Quarter

   $ 9.01    $ 6.51

Third Quarter

   $ 8.98    $ 7.50

Fourth Quarter

   $ 9.96    $ 6.35

Equity Compensation Plans

The following table discloses information regarding the Company’s equity compensation plans, the Logility, Inc. 1997 Stock Plan and the Logility, Inc. 2007 Stock Plan, as of April 30, 2008.

 

Plan Category

   Number of Securities to be
issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
   Weighted-Average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
   Number of securities
remaining available for

future issuance under
equity compensation plans

(excluding securities
reflected in the first column)

Equity Compensation Plans approved by security holders

   669,520    $ 4.92    486,000

Dividend Policy

We have not paid any dividends since our initial public offering in 1997. The payment of future dividends will be at the sole discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on our profitability, financial condition, cash requirements, future prospects and other relevant factors.

 

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Purchases of Equity Securities by the Company

The following table summarizes repurchases of our stock in the quarter ended April 30, 2008:

 

Fiscal Period

  Total Number of
Shares Purchased
  Average Price
Paid Per Share
  Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
  Maximum Number of
Shares that May
Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs*

February 1, 2008 through February 29, 2008

  0   $ 0.00   0   223,896

March 1, 2008 through March 31, 2008

  114,421   $ 6.88   0   109,475

April 1, 2008 through April 30, 2008

      0   $ 0.00       0   109,475
               

Total Fiscal 2008 Fourth Quarter

  114,421   $ 6.88   0   109,475
               

 

* The above share purchase authority was approved by the Board of Directors in December 1997 and in February 2003, when the Board approved resolutions authorizing the Company to repurchase an aggregate of up to 1.2 million shares of common stock. These actions were announced in December 1997 and on February 19, 2003, respectively. The authorizations have no expiration dates.

Transfer Agent

American Stock Transfer & Trust Company

10150 Mallard Creek Road, Suite 307

Charlotte, NC 28262

Phone: (718) 921-8520

http://www.amstock.com

Inquiries regarding stock transfers, lost certificates or address changes should be directed to the above address.

Market Makers

The following firms make a market in our common stock:

 

Archipelago Stock Exchange

  Knight Equity Markets, L.P.

Automated Trading Desk

  Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner

Citadel Derivatives Group LLC

  Morgan, Keegan & Company

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

  Nasdaq Execution Services LLC

Collins Stewart LLC

  National Stock Exchange

E*Trade Capital Markets LLC

  Needham & Company, LLC

Hudson Securities, Inc.

  Susquehanna Capital Group

ICAP Corporates LLC

  Susquehanna Financial Group,
  UBS Securities LLC

 

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Stock Price Performance Graph

The graph below reflects the cumulative stockholder return on the Company’s shares compared to the return of the Nasdaq Composite Index and a peer group index on a monthly basis. The Graph reflects the investment of $100 on April 30, 2003 in the Company’s stock, the Nasdaq Stock Market-US Companies (“Nasdaq Composite Index”) and in the Nasdaq Computer Index, a published industry peer group index. The Nasdaq Computer Index consists of 502 companies, including computer hardware and software companies that furnish computer programming and data processing services, and firms that produce computers, office equipment, and electronic component/accessories. The total cumulative dollar returns shown below represent the value that such investments would have had on April 30, 2008.

LOGO

 

     FY2003    FY2004    FY2005    FY2006    FY2007    FY2008

Logility

   $ 100    $ 150    $ 130    $ 294    $ 298    $ 223

Nasdaq Composite

     100      131      131      159      172      165

Nasdaq Computer Index

     100      126      126      147      162      165

 

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The selected financial data presented below as of and for the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005, and 2004 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

     Years Ended April 30,  
     2008     2007     2006    2005(a)     2004  
     ( In thousands, except per share data)  

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

           

Revenues:

           

License fees

   $ 14,554     $ 16,242     $ 13,889    $ 6,717     $ 6,656  

Services and other

     7,807       6,830       5,796      5,203       5,179  

Maintenance

     22,547       20,691       17,618      12,956       10,991  
                                       

Total revenues

     44,908       43,763       37,303      24,876       22,826  
                                       

Cost of revenues:

           

License fees

     6,007       5,864       3,783      3,965       4,054  

Services and other

     3,804       3,697       3,585      2,721       2,632  

Maintenance

     4,943       4,858       4,134      3,031       1,780  

Write-down of capitalized computer software

     1,196       —         —        703       —    
                                       

Total cost of revenues

     15,950       14,419       11,502      10,420       8,466  
                                       

Gross margin

     28,958       29,344       25,801      14,456       14,360  

Operating expenses:

           

Research and development costs

     5,341       5,378       4,747      3,170       2,116  

Sales and marketing expense

     10,337       9,778       10,123      8,046       7,239  

General and administrative expenses

     4,625       5,317       4,622      3,912       3,202  

Amortization of acquisition-related intangibles

     350       350       350      204       —    
                                       

Total operating expenses

     20,653       20,823       19,842      15,332       12,557  
                                       

Operating income (loss)

     8,305       8,521       5,959      (876 )     1,803  

Other income (expense)

     1,650       1,603       466      297       (97 )
                                       

Earnings (loss) before income taxes

     9,955       10,124       6,425      (579 )     1,706  

Income tax (expense) / benefit

     (3,923 )     (4,130 )     1,587      (27 )     —    
                                       

Net earnings (loss)

   $ 6,032     $ 5,994     $ 8,013    $ (606 )   $ 1,706  
                                       

Earnings (loss) per common share

           

Basic

   $ 0.47     $ 0.46     $ 0.63    $ (0.05 )   $ 0.13  

Diluted

   $ 0.45     $ 0.45     $ 0.60    $ (0.05 )   $ 0.13  
                                       

Weighted average common shares—Basic

     12,942       12,899       12,817      13,009       13,120  

Diluted

     13,331       13,245       13,459      13,009       13,391  

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

           

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 38,719     $ 16,144     $ 6,128    $ 7,824     $ 10,467  

Investments—short and long term

   $ 4,013     $ 16,172     $ 20,831    $ 17,895     $ 20,364  

Working capital

   $ 36,320     $ 28,710     $ 20,630    $ 15,003     $ 25,182  

Total assets

   $ 65,072     $ 59,657     $ 53,074    $ 47,809     $ 42,368  

Stockholders’ equity

   $ 46,389     $ 40,412     $ 33,890    $ 30,946     $ 32,274  

 

(a) We commenced the consolidation of Demand Management Inc. on October 1, 2004 upon acquisition.

 

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with “Item 6. Selected Financial Data” and “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”. This discussion contains forward-looking statements relating to our future financial performance, business strategy, financing plans and other future events that involve uncertainties and risks. These statements can be identified by forward-looking words such as “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “continue,” “could,” “grow,” “may,” “potential,” “predict,” “strive,” “estimate,” “believe,” “expect” and similar expressions that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes. Any forward-looking statements herein are made pursuant to the safe harbor provision of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Our actual results could differ materially from the results anticipated by these forward-looking statements as a result of many known and unknown factors that are beyond our ability to control or predict, including but not limited to those discussed above in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this report. See also “Special Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of “Item 1. Business.”

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

We have based the following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations on our financial statements, which we have prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Note 1 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2008 describes the significant accounting policies that we have used in preparing our financial statements. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates including, but not limited to, those related to revenue/vendor specific object evidence (VSOE), bad debts, capitalized software costs, goodwill, intangible asset impairment, income taxes and contingencies. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We believe the critical accounting policies listed below affect significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of the financial statements.

Revenue Recognition. We recognize revenue in accordance with Statement of Position (SOP) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, and SOP 98-9, Software Revenue Recognition with Respect to Certain Transactions. We recognize license revenues in connection with license agreements for standard proprietary software upon delivery of the software, provided we deem collection to be probable, the fee is fixed or determinable, there is evidence of an arrangement, and vendor specific objective evidence exists with respect to any undelivered elements of the arrangement. We generally bill maintenance fees annually in advance and recognize the resulting revenues ratably over the term of the maintenance agreement. We derive revenues from services which primarily include consulting, implementation, and training. We bill for these services primarily under time and materials arrangements and recognize fees as we perform the services. Deferred revenues represent advance payments or billings for software licenses, services, and maintenance billed in advance of the time we recognize revenues. We record revenues from sales of third-party products in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 99-19, Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent (EITF 99-19). Furthermore, in accordance with EITF 99-19, we evaluate sales through our indirect channel on a case-by-case basis to determine whether the transaction should be recorded gross or net, including but not limited to assessing whether or not the company 1) acts as principal in the transaction, 2) takes title to the products, 3) has risks and rewards of ownership, such as the risk of loss for collection, delivery, or returns, and 4) acts as an agent or broker with compensation on a commission or fee basis. Accordingly, our sales through the DMI channel are typically recorded gross.

Generally, our software products do not require significant modification or customization. Installation of the products is routine and is not essential to the functionality of the product. Our sales frequently include

 

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maintenance contracts and professional services with the sale of our software licenses. We have established vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value (VSOE) for our maintenance contracts and professional services. We determine fair value based upon the prices we charge to customers when we sell these elements separately. We defer maintenance revenues, including those sold with the initial license fee, based on VSOE, and recognize the revenue ratably over the maintenance contract period. We recognize consulting and training service revenues, including those sold with license fees, as we perform the services based on their established VSOE. We determine the amount of revenue we allocate to the licenses sold with services or maintenance using the “residual method” of accounting. Under the residual method, we allocate the total value of the arrangement first to the undelivered elements based on their VSOE and allocate the remainder to license fees.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of customers to make required payments. If the financial condition of these customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, we may require additional allowances or we may defer revenue until we determine that collectibility is probable. We specifically analyze accounts receivable and historical bad debts, customer creditworthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment terms when we evaluate the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts.

Valuation of Long-Lived and Intangible Assets. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS No. 142”), we do not amortize goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives. Our goodwill is subject to annual impairment tests, which require us to estimate the fair value of our business compared to the carrying value. The impairment reviews require an analysis of future projections and assumptions about our operating performance. Should such review indicate the assets are impaired, we would record an expense for the impaired assets.

In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, (“SFAS No. 144”), long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicated that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability would be measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. The determination of estimated future cash flows, however, requires management to make estimates. Future events and changes in circumstances may require us to record a significant impairment charge in the period in which such events or changes occur. Impairment testing requires considerable analysis and judgment in determining results. If other assumptions and estimates were used in our evaluations, the results could differ materially.

Annual tests or other future events could cause us to conclude that impairment indicators exist and that our goodwill and intangible assets are impaired. For example, if we had reason to believe that our recorded goodwill and intangible assets had become impaired due to decreases in the fair market value of the underlying business, we would have to take a charge to income for that portion of goodwill or intangible assets that we believed was impaired. Any resulting impairment loss could have a material adverse impact on our financial position and results of operations. At April 30, 2008, our goodwill balance was $5.8 million and our intangible assets with definite lives balance was $871,000, net of accumulated amortization.

Valuation of Capitalized Software Assets. We capitalize certain computer software development costs in accordance with SFAS No. 86, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed. Costs incurred internally to create a computer software product or to develop an enhancement to an existing product are charged to expense when incurred as research and development expense until technological feasibility for the respective product is established. Thereafter, all software development costs are capitalized and reported at the lower of unamortized cost or net realizable value. Capitalization ceases when the product or enhancement is available for general release to customers. We make ongoing evaluations of the recoverability of

 

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our capitalized software projects by comparing the amount capitalized for each product to the estimated net realizable value of the product. If such evaluations indicate that the unamortized software development costs exceed the net realizable value, we write-off the amount by which the unamortized software development costs exceed net realizable value. During fiscal year ending April 30, 2008, we recorded an impairment charge of $1.2 million based on such analysis. There was no impairment charge related to capitalized computer software during the year ended April 30, 2007 or 2006. Capitalized computer software development costs are being amortized ratably based on the projected revenues associated with the related software or on a straight-line basis over three years, whichever method results in a higher level of amortization. At April 30, 2008, our capitalized computed software balance was $4.6 million, net of accumulated amortization.

Income Taxes. We provide for the effect of income taxes on our financial position and results of operations in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. Under this accounting pronouncement, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of income taxes payable or refundable for the current year and for the change in net deferred tax assets or liabilities resulting from events that are recorded for financial reporting purposes in a different reporting period than recorded in the tax return. Management must make significant assumptions, judgments and estimates to determine our current provision for income taxes and also our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance to be recorded against our deferred tax assets. Our judgments, assumptions and estimates relative to the current provision for income tax take into account current tax laws, our interpretation of current tax laws, allowable deductions, tax planning strategies, projected tax credits and possible outcomes of current and future audits conducted by foreign and domestic tax authorities. Changes in tax law or our interpretation of tax laws and the resolution of current and future tax audits could significantly impact the amounts provided for income taxes in our financial position and results of operations. Our assumptions, judgments and estimates relative to the value of our deferred tax assets take into account our expectations of the amount and category of future taxable income. Actual operating results and the underlying amount and category of income in future years, which could significantly increase tax expense, could render inaccurate our current assumptions, judgments and estimates of recoverable deferred taxes. The Company’s results of operations are included in the consolidated Federal income tax return filed by ASI; however, the Company has provided for income taxes as if it were filing a separate income tax return.

 

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table sets forth certain revenue and expense items as a percentage of total revenues for the three years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006 and the percentage increases and decreases in those items for the years ended April 30, 2007 and 2006:

 

     Percentage of Total Revenues     Pct. Change
in Dollars
    Pct. Change
in Dollars
 
     2008     2007     2006     2008 vs 2007     2007 vs 2006  

Revenues:

          

License

   32 %   37 %   37 %   (10 )%   17 %

Services and other

   18     16     16     14     18  

Maintenance

   50     47     47     9     17  
                              

Total revenues

   100     100     100     3     17  
                              

Cost of revenues:

          

License

   13     13     10     2     55  

Services and other

   9     9     10     3     3  

Maintenance

   11     11     11     2     18  

Write-down of capitalized computer software development costs

   3     —       —       nm     nm  
                              

Total cost of revenues

   36     33     31     11     25  
                              

Gross margin

   64     67     69     (1 )   14  
                              

Research and development

   12     12     13     (1 )   13  

Sales and marketing

   23     22     27     6     (3 )

General and administrative

   10     12     13     (14 )   14  

Amortization of acquisition-related intangibles

   1     1     1     —       —    
                              

Total operating expenses

   46     47     54     (1 )   5  
                              

Operating earnings

   18     20     15     (3 )   43  

Other earnings (loss):

          

Investment impairment

   —       —       (1 )   —       nm  

Other income, net

   4     3     2     3     114  
                              

Earnings before income taxes

   22     23     16     (2 )   58  

Income tax (expense) / benefit

   (9 )   (9 )   4     (5 )   nm  
                              

Net earnings

   13 %   14 %   20 %   1 %   (25 )%
                              

 

nm-not meaningful

Economic Overview

Corporate capital spending trends and commitments are the primary determinants of the size of the market for business software. Corporate capital spending is, in turn, a function of general economic conditions in the U.S. and abroad, and in particular may be affected by conditions in U.S. and global credit markets. In the recent period, we believe the weakness in the overall world economy and the U.S. economy in particular, has resulted in reduced expenditures in the business software market.

However, we believe over the long-term information technology spending should incrementally improve as increased global competition forces companies to improve productivity by upgrading their technology systems. Although this improvement could slow or regress at any time due in part to the recent concerns in the global capital markets and general economic conditions, we believe that our organizational and financial structure will

 

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enable us to take advantage of any sustained economic rebound. Customers continue to take long periods to evaluate discretionary software purchases.

Business opportunities and risks

We currently view the following factors as the primary opportunities and risks associated with our business:

Dependence on Capital Spending Patterns. There is risk associated with our dependence on, and the risks associated with, the capital spending patterns of U.S. and international businesses, which in turn are functions of economic trends and conditions over which we have no control.

Acquisition Opportunities. There are opportunities for select acquisitions or investments to provide opportunities to expand our sales distribution channels and/or broaden our product offering by providing additional solutions for our target markets.

Acquisition Risks. There are risks associated with acquisitions of complementary companies, products and technologies, including the risks that we will not achieve the financial and strategic goals that we contemplate at the time of the transaction. More specifically, in any acquisition we will face risks and challenges associated with the uncertain value of the acquired business or assets, the difficulty of assimilating operations and personnel, integrating acquired technologies and products and maintaining the loyalty of the customers of the acquired business.

Competitive Technologies. There is a risk that our competitors may develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our technology.

Competition in General. There are risks inherent in the market for business application software and related services, which has been and continues to be intensely competitive; for example, some of our competitors may become more aggressive with their prices and/or payment terms, which may adversely affect our profit margins.

Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404. Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are required to include our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in our annual reports. In the future, our independent registered public accounting firm will also be required to audit our internal control over financial reporting and to separately report on whether or not they believe that we have an effective internal control over financial reporting, in all material respects. If for any fiscal year we fail to timely complete this assessment, or if our independent registered public accounting firm cannot timely audit our internal control over financial reporting, we could be subject to regulatory sanctions and a possible loss of public confidence in the reliability of our financial reporting. Such a failure, as well as difficulties in implementing required new or improved controls, could result in our inability to provide timely and reliable financial information and could adversely affect our business.

For more information, please see “Risk Factors” in Item 1A. above.

Business Acquisition

On September 30, 2004, we acquired certain assets and the distribution channel of privately-held Demand Management, Inc., (DMI) a St. Louis-based provider of supply chain planning systems marketed under the Demand Solutions® brand. The acquisition provided more than 800 active customers in the growing small and midsize business (SMB) market, which brought our customer base at that time to approximately 1,160 companies, located in 70 countries. We believe we have the largest installed base of supply chain planning customers among application software vendors. We market and sell the Demand Solutions product line to the SMB market through Demand Management’s global value-added reseller distribution network. We also offer the Logility Voyager Solutions™ suite to our target market of upper-midsize to Fortune 1000 companies with distribution-intensive supply chains.

 

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Adoption of New Accounting Standards

Adoption of FIN 48. The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standard Board Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”) on May 1, 2007. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken within an income tax return. Our implementation of FIN 48, did not cause us to record any cumulative adjustments to retained earnings as of May 1, 2007. As of April 30, 2008 and May 1, 2007, we have recorded approximately $100,000 and $60,000, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits, inclusive of interest and penalties, all of which would impact our effective tax rate if recognized. We record the liability for unrecognized tax benefits net of any federal tax benefit that would result from payment.

We recognize potential accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within income tax expense. To the extent interest and penalties are not assessed with respect to uncertain tax positions, amounts accrued will be reduced and reflected as a reduction of the overall income tax provision. As of April 30, 2008 and May 1, 2007, we had recorded a liability for potential penalties and interest of approximately $35,000 and $26,000, respectively, related to uncertain tax positions.

Adoption of SFAS 123(R). Prior to May 1, 2006, we accounted for our employee stock option plan under the recognition and measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related interpretations, as permitted by SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” Substantially no stock-based employee compensation cost related to stock options was recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for periods prior to May 1, 2006, as all stock options granted had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant.

Effective May 1, 2006, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method. Under that transition method, compensation cost recognized on or after May 1, 2006 includes: (a) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of May 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS 123, and (b) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to May 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R). Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), we presented all tax benefits of deductions resulting from the exercise of stock options as operating cash flows in the consolidated statement of cash flows. SFAS 123(R) requires that cash flows resulting from the tax benefits generated by tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized for those options (excess tax benefits) to be classified as financing cash flows.

As a result of adopting SFAS 123(R) on May 1, 2006, our earnings before income taxes and net earnings for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2007 were lower by $377,000, with related income tax benefit of $45,000, than they would have been if we had continued to account for share-based compensation under APB Opinion No. 25.

The fair value of options granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model based on certain assumptions, including the expected term of the option, the expected volatility of the price of the underlying share for the expected term of the option, the expected dividends on the underlying share for the expected term, and the risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the option. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of our stock or the stock of our parent, ASI, for the period previous to our incorporation in fiscal 1997. We applied the short cut method as prescribed in SAB No. 107, Share-Based Payment, to estimate the term that options are expected to be outstanding and used historical data to estimate the forfeiture rate of options granted. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yields in effect at the time of the grant with a term approximating the expected term. Options issued after May 1, 2006 with graded vesting are valued as a single award. The total value of the award is expensed on a straight line basis over the vesting period with the amount of compensation cost recognized at any date at least equal to the portion of the grant date value of the award that is vested at that date. During the year ended April 30, 2008 and 2007, we

 

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issued 85,226 and 50,261 shares of common stock, respectively, resulting from the exercise of stock options. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended April 30, 2008 and 2007 based on market value at the exercise dates was $693,870 and $284,972, respectively. As of April 30, 2008, unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock option awards totaled approximately $1.1 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average period of 2.1 years.

In September 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 1N, “Financial Statements—Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”), which expresses the Staff’s views regarding the process of quantifying financial statement misstatements due to the current diversity in practice. SAB 108 requires companies to use two approaches when quantifying financial statement misstatements. We adopted SAB 108 for the year ended April 30, 2007. This issue did not have a material impact on our 2007 consolidated financial statements.

REVENUE

 

     Years Ended April 30,  
                    % Change     % of Total Revenues  
     2008    2007    2006    2008 to 2007     2007 to 2006     2008     2007     2006  
     (in thousands)                               

License

   $ 14,554    $ 16,242    $ 13,889    (10 )%   17 %   32 %   37 %   37 %

Services and other

     7,807      6,830      5,796    14 %   18 %   18 %   16 %   16 %

Maintenance

     22,547      20,691      17,618    9 %   17 %   50 %   47 %   47 %
                                                   

Total revenues

   $ 44,908    $ 43,763    $ 37,303    3 %   17 %   100 %   100 %   100 %
                                                   

For the year ended April 30, 2008, the increase in total revenues was primarily attributable to increases in services and maintenance revenues, partially offset by a decrease in license fees revenues. For the year ended April 30, 2007, the increase in total revenues was primarily attributable to an increase in overall license fee revenues and related implementation and maintenance revenue.

International revenues represented approximately 17% of total revenues in the year ended April 30, 2008, compared to approximately 15% a year ago. This increase was due primarily to an increase in international revenues from DMI. International revenues represented approximately 15% of total revenues in the year ended April 30, 2007, compared to approximately 14% in the previous year. This increase was due primarily to an increase in international revenues from DMI. Our international revenues may fluctuate substantially from period to period primarily because we derive these revenues from a relatively small number of customers in a given period.

License revenue

For the year ended April 30, 2008, license fee revenues decreased 10% compared to fiscal 2007 due to a difficult selling environment as a result of the overall general economic conditions in the U.S. that delayed purchases of our software products in the second half of fiscal 2008. The direct sales channel provided approximately 54% of license fee revenues for the year ended April 30, 2008, compared to approximately 62% a year ago.

For the year ended April 30, 2007, license fee revenues increased 17% compared to fiscal 2006 due to 1) improvement in technical capital spending by companies in the market verticals we serve, 2) increased pressure on supply chains as a result of globalization and higher capacity utilization, and 3) improved sales execution within the Company. The direct sales channel provided approximately 62% of license fee revenues for the year ended April 30, 2007, compared to approximately 75% in the previous year.

 

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For the year ended April 30, 2008, our margins after commissions on direct sales were approximately 85%, and our margins after commissions on indirect sales were approximately 50%. For the year ended April 30, 2007, our margins after commissions on direct sales were approximately 86%, and our margins after commissions on indirect sales were approximately 51%.

Services and other revenue

The 14% increase in services and other revenues for the year ended April 30, 2008 when compared to fiscal 2007 was primarily the result of increased implementation services work as a result of increased software license fee revenues in recent periods. The 18% increase in services and other revenues for the year ended April 30, 2007 when compared to fiscal 2006 was primarily the result of increased implementation services work as a result of increased software license fee revenues. We have observed that there is a tendency for services and other revenues to lag changes in license revenues by one to three quarters, as new licenses in one quarter often involve implementation and consulting services in subsequent quarters, for which we recognize revenues only as we perform those services.

Maintenance revenue

For the year ended April 30, 2008, the 9% increase in maintenance revenue when compared to fiscal 2007 was primarily due to improved license fees, which resulted in increased maintenance. For the year ended April 30, 2007, the 17% increase in maintenance revenues was primarily due to improved license fees which resulted in increased maintenance revenues and to a lesser extent the purchase accounting write-down in DMI’s deferred revenues associated with technical support services resulted in lower maintenance revenues of $319,000 that would have otherwise been recognized in fiscal 2006. Typically, our maintenance revenues have had a direct relationship to current and historic license fee revenues, since new licenses are the potential source of new maintenance customers.

GROSS MARGIN

The following table provides both dollar amounts and percentage measures of gross margin:

 

     Years Ended April 30,
     2008    2007    2006
     (in thousands)

Gross margin on license fees

   $ 8,547     59%    $ 10,378    64%    $ 10,106    73%

Gross margin on services and other

     4,003     51%      3,133    46%      2,211    38%

Gross margin on maintenance

     17,604     78%      15,833    77%      13,484    77%

Write down of capitalized software development costs

     (1,196 )   nm      —      nm      —      nm
                              

Total gross margins

   $ 28,958     64%    $ 29,344    67%    $ 25,801    69%
                              

The decrease in total gross margin percentage for the years ended April 30, 2008 and 2007 was due primarily to a decrease in gross margin percentage on license fees partially offset by an increase in gross margin percentage on services.

Gross Margin on License Fees

The decrease in license fee gross margin percentage for the year ended April 30, 2008 compared to fiscal 2007 was due primarily to overall decrease in license fee revenues and to a lesser extent to the increase of license revenues through Logility’s indirect channel at DMI whose agent commissions are expensed to cost of license fees. Also, the margin decrease was partially offset from lower amortization of capitalized software development costs as a result of the write-down of capitalized software during the third quarter of fiscal 2008. We expect

 

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capitalized software amortization to be slightly lower in fiscal 2009 compared to fiscal 2008. License fee gross margin percentage tends to be directly related to 1) the level of license fee revenues due to the relatively fixed cost of computer software amortization expense and amortization of acquired software, which are the primary components of cost of license fees and 2) the sales mix between our direct and indirect channel.

The decrease in license fee gross margin percentage for the year ended April 30, 2007 compared to fiscal 2006 was due primarily to an increase in license fee sales through our indirect channel at DMI for which agent commissions are expensed to cost of license fees and yield approximately 51% after agent commissions. In addition and to lesser extent the decrease in license fee gross margin percentage was due to higher amortization of capitalized software development costs as a result of the completion of amortization for several R&D projects when compared to fiscal 2006.

Gross Margin on Services and Other

For the years ended April 30, 2008 and 2007, the services and other gross margin percentage increased primarily due to higher staff billing utilization as a result of increased implementation projects from increased license fee sales in the prior periods.

Gross Margin on Maintenance

For the year ended April 30, 2008, maintenance gross margin percentage increased slightly when compared to fiscal 2007 primarily due to higher maintenance revenues.

For the year ended April 30, 2007, maintenance gross margin percentage was consistent when compared to the fiscal 2006.

Write-down of Capitalized Computer Software Development Costs

We make ongoing evaluations of the recoverability of our capitalized software projects by comparing the unamortized amount for each product to the estimated net realizable value of the product. If such evaluations indicate that the unamortized software development costs exceed the net realizable value, we write off the amount by which the unamortized software development costs exceed net realizable value. During fiscal year ending April 30, 2008, we recorded an impairment charge of $1.2 million based on such analysis. There was no impairment charge related to capitalized computer software during the year ended April 30, 2007 or 2006.

EXPENSES

 

     Years Ended April 30,  
                      % of Revenues  
     2008     2007     2006    2008     2007     2006  
     (in thousands)                   

Research and development

   $ 5,341     $ 5,378     $ 4,747    12 %   12 %   13 %

Sales and marketing

     10,337       9,778       10,123    23 %   22 %   27 %

General and administrative

     4,625       5,317       4,622    10 %   12 %   12 %

Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets

     350       350       350    1 %   1 %   1 %

Other income (expense)

     1,650       1,603       467    4 %   3 %   1 %

Income tax (expense) benefit

     (3,923 )     (4,130 )     1,587    (9 %)   (9 %)   4 %

 

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Research and Development

Gross product research and development costs include all non-capitalized and capitalized software development costs. A breakdown of the research and development costs is as follows:

 

     April 30,
2008
    Percent
change
    April 30,
2007
    Percent
change
    April 30,
2006
 
     (in thousands)  

Gross product development costs

   $ 7,496     (2 )%   $ 7,642     7 %   $ 7,170  

Percentage of total revenues

     17 %       18 %       19 %

Less: capitalized product development costs

     (2,155 )   (5 )%     (2,264 )   (7 )%     (2,423 )

Percentage of gross product development costs

     29 %       30 %       34 %
                            

Product development expenses

   $ 5,341     (1 )%   $ 5,378     13 %   $ 4,747  
                            

Percentage of total revenues

     12 %       12 %       13 %

Total amortization of development costs*

   $ 2,441     (6 )%   $ 2,605     38 %   $ 1,894  

 

* Included in cost of license fees.

For the year ended April 30, 2008, gross product research and capitalized software development costs decreased when compared to the prior year period. This change was primarily due to DMI which added gross R&D costs but did not capitalize any R&D costs during the period and were primarily due to lower variable compensation costs when compared to fiscal 2007. We expect gross R&D costs to remain relatively the same as in fiscal 2008; however, we expect capitalized product development costs to be slightly lower in coming quarters as a result of fewer capitalizable R&D projects and capitalized software amortization expense to decrease slightly in fiscal 2009 when compared to fiscal 2008.

For the year ended April 30, 2007, capitalized software development costs decreased while gross product research and development costs increased when compared to the prior year period. This change was primarily due to DMI which added gross R&D costs but did not capitalize any R&D costs during the period.

Sales and Marketing

In the year ended April 30, 2008, the increase in sales and marketing expenses when compared to fiscal 2007 was due primarily from higher headcount and increased marketing related expenses. Commissions on indirect sales are generally recorded to cost of sales.

In the year ended April 30, 2007, the slight decrease in sales and marketing expenses when compared to fiscal 2006 was due primarily to increased indirect sales from DMI, for which we record the agent commissions to cost of license fees.

General and Administrative

For the year ended April 30, 2008, the decrease in general and administrative expenses when compared to fiscal 2007 was due primarily to lower variable compensation costs partially offset by an increase in headcount. On April 30, 2006, 2007 and 2008, the total number of employees was approximately 140, 137, 141, respectively.

Amortization of Acquisition-Related Intangible Assets

Acquisition-related intangible assets are stated at historical cost and include certain intangible assets with definitive lives. We amortize these intangible assets on a straight-line basis over their expected useful lives, six years. The amortization expense has remained consistent in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006.

 

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Other Income (Expense)

Other income is principally comprised of investment earnings. For the year ended April 30, 2008, the investment earnings increased to $1.7 million when compared to fiscal 2007’s income of $1.6 million due primarily to an increase in the overall cash balance available for investment, partially offset by lower yields on money market accounts. In fiscal 2008, we generated a net yield of approximately 4.19% on our investments, compared to approximately 5.10% in fiscal 2007.

For the year ended April 30, 2007, the investment earnings increased to $1.6 million when compared to fiscal 2006’s income of $748,000 due primarily to an increase in interest rates, particularly on money market accounts and an increase in the overall cash balance available for investment. Interest income for fiscal 2007 and 2006 was $1.2 million and $843,000. In fiscal 2007, we generated a net yield of approximately 5.10% on our investments, compared to approximately 3.65% in fiscal 2006.

In fiscal 2006, we recorded $281,000 in investment impairment charges related to a minority investment.

Income Taxes

We are included in the consolidated federal income tax return filed by American Software; however, we provide for income taxes as if we were filing a separate income tax return. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their tax bases. We measure deferred tax assets and liabilities using statutory tax rates in effect in the year in which we expect the differences to reverse. We establish a deferred tax asset for the expected future benefit of net operating loss and credit carry-forwards. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109 (“SFAS No. 109”), Accounting for Income Taxes, we review annually our deferred tax assets for recoverability to determine whether any negative factors are present that would indicate the need for a valuation allowance. In fiscal 2008 and 2007, we recorded tax expense at a tax effective rate of 39.4% and 40.8%, respectively. We expect the Company’s tax effective rate to be in the range of 38% to 40% in fiscal 2009.

Operating Pattern

We experience an irregular pattern of quarterly operating results, caused primarily by fluctuations in both the number and size of software license contracts received and delivered from quarter to quarter and our ability to recognize revenues in that quarter in accordance with our revenue recognition policies. We expect this pattern to continue.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources and Uses of Cash

We have historically funded, and continue to fund, our operations and capital expenditures primarily with cash generated from operating activities. The changes in net cash that our operating activities provide generally reflect the changes in net earnings and non-cash operating items plus the effect of changes in operating assets and liabilities, such as trade accounts receivable, trade accounts payable, accrued expenses and deferred revenue. We have no debt obligations or off-balance sheet financing arrangements and, therefore, we used no cash for debt service purposes.

 

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The following tables show information about our cash flows and liquidity positions as of and for the years ended April 30, 2008 and 2007. These tables and the discussion that follows should be read in conjunction with our consolidated statements of cash flows contained in Item 8 of this Report.

 

     Years ended April 30,  
     2008     2007  
     (in thousands)  

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 13,178     $ 10,761  

Net cash provided by investing activities

     9,803       2,368  

Net cash used in financing activities

     (406 )     (3,113 )
                

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

   $ 22,575     $ 10,016  
                

For the year ended April 30, 2008, the increase in cash provided by operating activities was due primarily to an increase in “due to American Software” primarily as a result of the tax sharing agreement, investment impairment and write-down of capitalized computer software development costs net earnings, tax benefit of options exercised, deferred revenue and a decrease in accounts receivable due to the timing of collection activity. This was partially offset by a decrease to accrued payables and other liabilities due primarily to timing of the payment of expenditures, utilization of deferred tax assets, depreciation and amortization expense, and an increase to excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation due to an increase in stock option exercises. The increase in cash provided by investing activities was due primarily to increased proceeds from maturities of investments which are partially offset by purchases of investments and investment in capitalized software. The decrease in cash used in financing activities was due primarily to decreases in contributions to ASI related to the tax sharing agreement and an increase in proceeds from the exercise of stock options and in the excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation. This was partially offset by an increase in repurchases of common stock.

The following table shows information about the changes in our total cash and investments position:

 

     As of April 30,
     2008    2007
     (in thousands)

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 38,719    $ 16,144

Investments, including non-current

     4,013      16,172
             

Total cash and investments

   $ 42,732    $ 32,316
             

Net increase in total cash and investments

   $ 10,416    $ 5,357

The increases in cash, cash equivalents and investments in 2008 were due primarily to the improvement in operating earnings when compared to fiscal 2007. Amounts invested in money market accounts are classified as cash equivalents.

The following table provides information regarding our known contractual obligations as of April 30, 2008 (in thousands)

 

Contractual Obligations

   Total    Less than
1 year
   1-3 years    3-5 years    More than
5 years

Operating Leases

   $ 1,393    $ 440    $ 491    $ 462    $ —  

As a result of the positive cash flow from operations our business has generated in recent periods, and because we have $42.7 million in cash at April 30, 2008, cash equivalents and investments with no debt, we believe that our sources of liquidity and capital resources will be sufficient to satisfy our presently anticipated requirements for working capital during at least the next twelve months for working capital, capital expenditures and other corporate needs. However, due to the uncertainty in the economic environment, at some future date we

 

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may need to seek additional sources of capital to meet our requirements. If such need arises, we may be required to raise additional funds through equity or debt financing. We do not currently have a bank line of credit. We can provide no assurance that bank lines of credit or other financing will be available on terms acceptable to us. If available, such financing may result in dilution to our shareholders or higher interest expense.

Days Sales Outstanding in accounts receivable were 64 days as of April 30, 2008, compared to 65 days as of April 30, 2007. Our current ratio on April 30, 2008 was 3.1 to 1, compared to 2.7 to 1 as of April 30, 2007.

On December 15, 1997, our Board of Directors approved a resolution authorizing us to repurchase up to 350,000 shares of our common stock through open market purchases at prevailing market prices. We completed this repurchase plan in November 1998, at which time we adopted an additional repurchase plan for up to 800,000 shares. In February 2003, our Board of Directors approved a resolution authorizing us to repurchase an additional 400,000 shares for a total authorized repurchase amount of 1,550,000 shares. The timing of any repurchases would depend on market conditions, the market price of Logility’s common stock and management’s assessment of our liquidity and cash flow needs. During fiscal 2008, the Company purchased 144,421 shares for approximately $1.1 million under the current authorized share buyback program. Under all repurchase plans, through July 14, 2008, we had purchased a cumulative total of approximately 1.5 million shares at a total cost of approximately $9.2 million.

See Item 5 of this report, under the caption “Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.”

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, which becomes effective for fiscal periods beginning after November 15, 2007. SFAS No.157 addresses the definition of fair value, the methods used to measure fair value and the expanded disclosures about fair value measurement of a company’s assets and liabilities. SFAS No.157 requires that the fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The Company is assessing the impact of this issue on its 2009 consolidated financial statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115”, which becomes effective for fiscal periods beginning after November 15, 2007. Under SFAS No. 159 companies may elect to measure specified financial instruments and warranty and insurance contracts at fair value on a contract-by-contract basis, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings each reporting period. The election called the “fair value option”, will enable some companies to reduce volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently. The Company is assessing the impact that electing fair value measurements would have on its 2009 consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, “Business Combinations,” which establishes principles for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in a business combination, and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of a business combination. We are required to apply this Statement prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after May 1, 2009. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 141R on its 2009 consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements”. SFAS No.160 requires noncontrolling ownership interests (previously referred to as minority interests) to be treated as a separate component of equity, not as a liability or other item outside of permanent equity. In addition, it requires that the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of the statement of operations.

 

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SFAS No. 160 is effective for all periods beginning after December 15, 2008. We do not expect our adoption of SFAS No. 160 to have a material impact on our 2010 consolidated financial statements.

 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Foreign Currency. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2008, we generated 17% of our revenues outside of the United States. We typically denominate our international sales in U.S. Dollars, Euros or British Pounds Sterling. We denominate our expenses associated with our international operations in local currencies. Where transactions may be denominated in foreign currencies, we are subject to market risk with respect to fluctuations in the relative value of currencies. In fiscal 2008, we recorded an exchange rate gain of $61,000 compared to an exchange rate gain of $56,000 in fiscal 2007. We estimate that a 10% movement in foreign currency rates would have the effect of creating up to a $130,000 exchange gain or loss.

Interest rates. We manage our interest rate risk by maintaining an investment portfolio of held-to-maturity instruments with high credit quality and relatively short average maturities. These instruments include, but are not limited to, money-market instruments, bank time deposits, and taxable and tax-advantaged variable rate and fixed rate obligations of corporations, municipalities, and national, state, and local government agencies, in accordance with an investment policy approved by our senior management. These instruments are denominated in U.S. dollars. The fair market value of securities held at April 30, 2008 was approximately $41.3 million.

We also hold cash balances in accounts with commercial banks in the United States and foreign countries. These cash balances represent operating balances only and are invested in short-term time deposits of the local bank. Such operating cash balances held at banks outside the United States are denominated in the local currency and are minor.

Many of our investments carry a degree of interest rate risk. When interest rates fall, our income from investments in variable-rate securities declines. When interest rates rise, the fair market value of our investments in fixed-rate securities declines. We attempt to mitigate risk by holding fixed-rate securities to maturity, but should our liquidity needs force us to sell fixed-rate securities prior to maturity, we may experience a loss of principal. We estimate that a 10% change in average interest rates would not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

Inflation. Although we cannot accurately determine the amounts attributable thereto, we have been affected by inflation through increased costs of employee compensation and other operational expenses. To the extent permitted by the marketplace for our products and services, we attempt to recover increases in costs by periodically increasing prices.

 

Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

The following consolidated financial statements of Logility, Inc. and subsidiary are filed as part of this Form 10-K on the pages indicated:

 

     Page

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 2008 and 2007

   55

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006

   56

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006

   57

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006

   58

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   59

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   77

 

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Logility, Inc. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Balance Sheets

April 30, 2008 and 2007

(in thousands, except share data)

 

     2008     2007  
ASSETS     

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 38,719     $ 16,144  

Investments—current

     4,013       16,172  

Trade accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $115 at April 30, 2008 and $73 at April 30, 2007:

    

Billed

     6,897       7,764  

Unbilled

     1,424       1,412  

Deferred income taxes

     74       1,361  

Due from American Software, Inc.

     —         1,167  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     2,256       1,995  
                

Total current assets

     53,383       46,015  

Furniture, equipment, and purchased software, net

     401       436  

Capitalized computer software development costs, less accumulated amortization

     4,560       6,042  

Goodwill

     5,809       5,809  

Other intangibles, net

     871       1,288  

Other assets

     48       67  
                

Total assets

   $ 65,072     $ 59,657  
                
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY     

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 543     $ 275  

Accrued compensation and related costs

     1,282       2,110  

Accrued reseller commissions

     1,013       1,459  

Other current liabilities

     965       2,111  

Deferred revenue

     12,622       11,350  

Due to ASI

     638       —    
                

Total current liabilities

     17,063       17,305  
                

Deferred income taxes—long-term

     1,620       1,940  
                

Total liabilities

     18,683       19,245  
                

Shareholders’ equity:

    

Preferred stock: 2,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued

     —         —    

Common stock, no par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; 14,299,762 and 14,214,536 shares issued at April 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively

     —         —    

Additional paid-in capital

     43,249       42,179  

Retained earnings

     12,051       6,019  

Treasury stock, at cost—1,440,525 and 1,296,104 shares at April 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively

     (8,911 )     (7,786 )
                

Total shareholders’ equity

     46,389       40,412  
                

Commitments and contingencies

    

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 65,072     $ 59,657  
                

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Logility, Inc. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Statements of Operations

Years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

     2008     2007     2006  

Revenues:

      

License

   $ 14,554     $ 16,242     $ 13,889  

Services and other

     7,807       6,830       5,796  

Maintenance

     22,547       20,691       17,618  
                        

Total revenues

     44,908       43,763       37,303  
                        

Cost of revenues:

      

License

     6,007       5,864       3,783  

Services and other

     3,804       3,697       3,585  

Maintenance

     4,943       4,858       4,134  

Write-down of capitalized computer software development costs

     1,196       —         —    
                        

Total cost of revenues

     15,950       14,419       11,502  
                        

Gross margin

     28,958       29,344       25,801  
                        

Operating expenses:

      

Research and development

     5,341       5,378       4,747  

Sales and marketing

     10,337       9,778       10,123  

General and administrative

     4,625       5,317       4,622  

Amortization of acquisition-related intangibles

     350       350       350  
                        

Total operating expenses

     20,653       20,823       19,842  
                        

Operating income

     8,305       8,521       5,959  

Investment impairment

     —         —         (281 )

Interest income

     1,535       1,228       843  

Other income, net

     115       375       (95 )
                        

Earnings before income taxes

     9,955       10,124       6,425  

Income tax (expense) / benefit

     (3,923 )     (4,130 )     1,587  
                        

Net earnings

   $ 6,032     $ 5,994     $ 8,013  
                        

Earnings per common share:

      

Basic

   $ 0.47     $ 0.46     $ 0.63  
                        

Diluted

   $ 0.45     $ 0.45     $ 0.60  
                        

Shares used in the calculation of earnings per common share:

      

Basic

     12,942       12,899       12,817  

Diluted

     13,331       13,245       13,459  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Logility, Inc. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

Years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006

(In thousands, except share data)

 

     Common stock    Additional
paid-in
capital
    Retained
earnings
(accumulated
deficit)
    Treasury stock     Total
shareholders’
equity
 
     Shares    Amount        Shares    Amount    

Balance at April 30, 2005

   13,975,819    $ —      $ 44,974     $ (7,988 )   1,008,915    $ (6,040 )   $ 30,946  
                                                 

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

   188,456      —        596       —       —        —         596  

Repurchase of common shares

   —        —        —         —       272,189      (1,634 )     (1,634 )

Deemed dividend with American Software, Inc. related to tax sharing agreement

   —        —        (4,933 )     —       —        —         (4,933 )

Tax benefit from stock options exercised

   —        —        902       —       —        —         902  

Net earnings

   —        —        —         8,013     —        —         8,013  
                                                 

Balance at April 30, 2006

   14,164,275      —        41,539       25     1,281,104      (7,674 )     33,890  
                                                 

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

   50,261      —        161       —       —        —         161  

Repurchase of common shares

   —        —        —         —       15,000      (112 )     (112 )

Stock-based compensation

   —        —        377       —       —        —         377  

Deemed dividend with American Software, Inc. related to tax sharing agreement

           (101 )            (101 )

Tax benefit from stock options exercised

   —        —        203       —       —        —         203  

Net earnings

   —        —        —         5,994     —        —         5,994  
                                                 

Balance at April 30, 2007

   14,214,536      —        42,179       6,019     1,296,104      (7,786 )   $ 40,412  

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

   85,226      —        283       —       —        —         283  

Repurchase of common shares

   —        —        —         —       144,421      (1,125 )     (1,125 )

Stock-based compensation

   —        —        378       —       —        —         378  

Deemed dividend with American Software, Inc. related to tax sharing agreement

   —        —        (440 )     —       —        —         (440 )

Tax benefit from stock options exercised

   —        —        849       —       —        —         849  

Net earnings

   —        —        —         6,032     —        —         6,032  
                                                 

Balance at April 30, 2008

   14,299,762    $ —      $ 43,249     $ 12,051     1,440,525    $ (8,911 )   $ 46,389  
                                                 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Logility, Inc. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006

(In thousands)

 

     2008     2007     2006  

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net earnings

   $ 6,032     $ 5,994     $ 8,013  

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Depreciation and amortization

     3,090       3,295       2,556  

Stock-based compensation

     378       377       —    

Investment impairment and write-down of capitalized computer software development costs

     1,196       —         281  

Tax benefit of options exercised

     1,322       566       —    

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

     (876 )     (283 )     —    

Deferred income taxes

     967       3,185       (1,704 )

Bond amortization

     4       (243 )     (76 )

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

      

Accounts receivable, net

     855       (2,091 )     (1,605 )

Prepaid expenses and other assets

     (242 )     (288 )     (9 )

Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities

     (2,625 )     701       1,573  

Deferred revenue

     1,272       816       838  

Due to American Software, Inc.

     1,805       (1,268 )     (3,560 )
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

     13,178       10,761       6,307  
                        

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Additions to capitalized computer software development costs

     (2,155 )     (2,264 )     (2,423 )

Purchases of furniture, equipment, and computer software costs

     (197 )     (194 )     (196 )

Purchased technology

     —         (75 )     —    

Proceeds from maturities of investments

     42,057       106,781       93,899  

Purchases of investments

     (29,902 )     (101,880 )     (96,758 )
                        

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

     9,803       2,368       (5,478 )
                        

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Dividend to ASI -tax sharing agreement

     (440 )     (3,446 )     (1,487 )

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     283       161       596  

Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation

     876       283       —    

Repurchases of common stock

     (1,125 )     (112 )     (1,634 )
                        

Net cash used in financing activities

     (406 )     (3,113 )     (2,525 )
                        

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

     22,575       10,016       (1,696 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

     16,144       6,128       7,824  
                        

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

   $ 38,719     $ 16,144     $ 6,128  
                        

Supplemental disclosures:

      

Cash paid during the year for:

      

Income taxes paid

   $ 467     $ 150     $ 42  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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LOGILITY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

(1) Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

  (a) Basis of Presentation

Logility, Inc. and its subsidiary (the Company) develops, markets, and supports an integrated suite of business-to-business collaborative commerce software products. This suite of products is designed to manage the flow of information and products along the entire value chain of an enterprise, from raw materials, manufacturing, and warehousing to final consumption. The Company’s products and services are used by customers within the United States and certain international markets.

The Company is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, and is an approximately 88%-owned subsidiary of American Software, Inc. (ASI).

 

  (b) Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Logility, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiary, Demand Management, Inc (DMI). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

  (c) Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Statement of Position No. 97-2: Software Revenue Recognition, (SOP 97-2) and Statement of Position No. 98-9: Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, With Respect to Certain Transactions, (SOP 98-9).

License. License revenue in connection with license agreements for standard proprietary software is recognized upon delivery of the software, providing collection is considered probable, the fee is fixed or determinable, there is evidence of an arrangement, and vendor specific objective evidence (VSOE) exists with respect to any undelivered elements of the arrangement. For multiple-element arrangements, the Company recognizes revenue under the residual method as permitted by SOP 98-9, whereby (1) the total fair value of the undelivered elements, as indicated by VSOE, is deferred and subsequently recognized in accordance with SOP 97-2 and (2) the difference between the total arrangement fee and the amount deferred for the undelivered elements is recognized as revenue related to the delivered elements. We record revenues from sales of third-party products in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 99-19, Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent (EITF 99-19).

Furthermore, in accordance with EITF 99-19, we evaluate sales through our indirect channel on a case-by-case basis to determine whether the transaction should be recorded gross or net, including but not limited to assessing whether or not the Company 1) acts as principal in the transaction, 2) takes title to the products, 3) has risks and rewards of ownership, such as the risk of loss for collection, delivery, or returns, and 4) acts as an agent or broker with compensation on a commission or fee basis. Accordingly, our sales through the DMI channel are typically recorded gross.

Maintenance. Revenue derived from maintenance contracts primarily includes telephone consulting, product updates, and releases of new versions of products previously purchased by the customer, as well as error reporting and correction services. Maintenance contracts are typically sold for a separate fee with initial contractual periods ranging from one to three years with renewal for additional periods thereafter. Maintenance fees are generally billed annually in advance. Maintenance revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance agreement. In situations where all or a portion of the maintenance fee is bundled with the license fee, VSOE for maintenance is determined based on prices when sold separately.

 

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LOGILITY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

Services. Revenue derived from services primarily includes consulting, implementation, and training. Fees are billed under primarily time and materials arrangements and are recognized as services are performed. In accordance with the FASB’s Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 01-14: Income Statement Characterization of Reimbursements Received for Out-of-Pocket Expenses Incurred, (EITF No. 01-14), the Company recognizes amounts received for reimbursement of travel and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred as revenue in the consolidated statements of operations under services and other. Reimbursements received from customers for out-of-pocket expenses were recorded to revenue and totaled approximately $807,000, $656,000 and $564,000 for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Indirect Channel Revenue. Revenues are recognized for sales made through indirect channels principally when the distributor makes the sale to an end-user, when the license fee is fixed or determinable, the license fee is nonrefundable, and all other conditions of SOP 97-2 and SOP 98-9 are met.

Deferred Revenue. Deferred revenue represents advance payments or billings for software licenses, services, and maintenance billed in advance of the time revenue is recognized.

Advertising costs. Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense was $1.9 million, $1.8 million, and $1.6 million in fiscal years 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively.

 

  (d) Sales Taxes

We account for sales taxes on a net basis in accordance with EITF No. 06-3, How Sales Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities Should be Presented in the Income Statement (That Is, Gross Versus Net Presentation).

 

  (e) Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues for licenses includes amortization of capitalized computer software development costs, salaries and benefits and value added reseller (VAR) commissions. Costs for maintenance and services revenues include the cost of personnel to conduct implementations, customer support and consulting, and other personnel-related expenses as well as agent commission expenses related to maintenance revenues generated by the indirect channel. Commission costs for maintenance are deferred and amortized over the related maintenance term.

 

  (f) Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents of $37.3 million and $15.0 million at April 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, consist of overnight repurchase agreements and money market deposit accounts. The Company considers all such investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents for purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows.

 

  (g) Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, short- and long-term investments and accounts receivable. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents and short- and long-term investments with various financial institutions. The Company’s sales are primarily to companies located in North

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

America and Europe. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and does not require collateral. Accounts receivable are due principally from companies under stated contract terms.

 

  (h) Returns and Allowances

The Company has not experienced significant returns or warranty claims to date and, as a result, has not recorded a provision for the cost of returns and product warranty claims at April 30, 2008 or 2007.

The Company records an allowance for doubtful accounts based on the historical experience of write-offs and a detailed assessment of accounts receivable. The total amounts charged/(benefit) to operations were approximately $75,000, $7,000 and $(53,000) for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. In estimating the allowance for doubtful accounts, management considers the age of the accounts receivable, the Company’s historical write-offs, and the credit worthiness of the customer, among other factors. Should any of these factors change, the estimates made by management will also change accordingly, which could affect the level of the Company’s future provision for doubtful accounts. Uncollectible accounts are written off when it is determined that the specific balance is not collectible.

 

  (i) Investments

Investments consist of commercial paper, corporate bonds, and government securities. The Company accounts for its investments under the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. In accordance with SFAS No. 115, the Company has classified its investment portfolio as “held-to-maturity,” and has accounted for these investments at amortized cost. Investments with original maturities less than one year are classified as short-term investments; and those with original maturities of greater than one year are classified as long-term investments. The long-term investments consist of debt instruments of U.S. government agencies and mature after one year. For the purposes of computing realized gains and losses, cost is identified on a specific identification basis. No adjustment for unrealized holding gains or losses has been reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

  (j) Furniture, Equipment, and Purchased Computer Software

Furniture and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation of computer and communications equipment and furniture and fixtures is calculated using the straight-line method based upon the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from three to seven years. The depreciation expense for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $173,000, $170,000 and $179,000, respectively. Purchased computer software costs represent the cost of acquiring computer software. Amortization of purchased computer software costs is calculated using the straight-line method over periods of three to five years. The purchased computer software amortization expense for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $58,000, $38,000, and $25,000, respectively.

 

  (k) Capitalized Computer Software Development Costs

The Company capitalizes certain computer software development costs in accordance with SFAS No. 86, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed. Costs incurred internally to create a computer software product or to develop an enhancement to an existing product are charged to expense when incurred as research and development

 

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April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

expense until technological feasibility for the respective product is established. Thereafter, all software development costs are capitalized and reported at the lower of unamortized cost or net realizable value. Capitalization ceases when the product or enhancement is available for general release to customers. The Company makes ongoing evaluations of the recoverability of its capitalized software projects by comparing the net amount capitalized for each product to the estimated net realizable value of the product. If such evaluations indicate that the unamortized software development costs exceed the net realizable value, the Company writes off the amount by which the unamortized software development costs exceed net realizable value. Capitalized computer software development costs are being amortized ratably based on the projected revenues associated with the related software or on a straight-line basis over three years, whichever method results in a higher level of amortization. Amortization of capitalized computer software development costs is included in the cost of license revenues in the consolidated statements of operations.

Total Expenditures and Amortization. Total expenditures for capitalized computer software development costs, total research and development expense, and total amortization of capitalized computer software development costs are as follows:

 

     Years ended April 30,
     2008    2007    2006
     (in thousands)

Total capitalized computer software development costs

   $ 2,155    $ 2,264    $ 2,423

Total research and development expense

     5,341      5,378      4,747
                    

Total research and development expense and capitalized computer software development costs

   $ 7,496    $ 7,642    $ 7,170
                    

Total amortization of capitalized computer software development costs

   $ 2,441    $ 2,605    $ 1,894

Write-off of capitalized computer software costs as a result of net realizable value analysis, net of accumulated amortization

   $ 1,196    $ —      $ —  

Capitalized computer software development costs consist of the following at April 30, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):

 

     2008     2007  

Capitalized computer software development costs

   $ 9,073     $ 23,070  

Accumulated amortization

     (4,513 )     (17,028 )
                
   $ 4,560     $ 6,042  
                

 

  (l) Acquisition-Related Intangible Assets

Acquisition-related intangible assets are stated at historical cost and include acquired software and certain other intangible assets with definitive lives. The acquired software is being amortized over the greater of the amount computed using (a) the ratio that current gross revenues for a product bear to the total of current and anticipated future gross revenues for that product or (b) the straight-line method over the remaining estimated economic life of the product, three years, including the period being reported on. The other intangible assets are being amortized over a period of six years. Total amortization expense related to acquisition-related intangible assets was approximately $392,000 for

 

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Index to Financial Statements

LOGILITY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

2008, of which $42,000 related to amortization of acquired software is included in cost of license revenues and $350,000 related to other intangible assets is included in operating expenses as amortization of acquisition-related intangibles in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Acquisition-Related Intangible Assets consist of the following (in thousands):

 

     2008     2007  

Acquired software

   $ 300     $ 300  

Contractual distributor relationships

     1,000       1,000  

Customer relationships

     800       800  

Trademarks

     300       300  
                
     2,400       2,400  

Accumulated amortization

     (1,554 )     (1,162 )
                
   $ 846     $ 1,238  
                

2009

     $ 350  

2010

       350  

2011

       146  
          
     $ 846  
          

In May 2006, the Company purchased an additional $75,000 of acquired software and recorded it as an intangible asset. Amortization expense related to the purchase of the additional software was $25,000 in fiscal years ended 2008 and 2007, and is included as a component of cost of license revenues.

 

  (m) Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of costs over fair value of assets of businesses acquired. The Company applies the provisions of SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Asset. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but instead are tested for impairment at least annually in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142. SFAS No. 142 also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. The Company had $5.8 million of goodwill at April 30, 2008 and 2007 related to the DMI acquisition.

 

  (n) Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method of SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are

 

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Index to Financial Statements

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

expected to be recovered or settled. Under SFAS 109, the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company’s results of operations are included in the consolidated Federal income tax return filed by ASI; however, the Company has provided for income taxes as if it were filing a separate income tax return.

 

  (o) Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including, but not limited to, those related to revenue, VSOE, bad debts, capitalized software costs, goodwill, intangible asset impairment, income taxes and contingencies. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

 

  (p) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company uses financial instruments in the normal course of its business. The carrying values of cash equivalents; trade accounts receivable and unbilled accounts receivable; accounts payable; accrued compensation and related costs; and other current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term maturities of these assets and liabilities. See note 2 for disclosures regarding the fair value of the Company’s investments.

 

  (q) Stock Compensation Plan

The Company has two stock-based employee compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note 5. Prior to May 1, 2006, the Company accounted for these plans under the recognition and measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related interpretations, as permitted by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (“SFAS 123”), “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” Substantially no expense associated with employee stock options was recognized prior to May 1, 2006 as all options granted at that time had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant.

Effective May 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R) (“SFAS 123(R)”), Share-Based Payment (Revised) using the modified prospective transition method. Under this transition method, compensation cost recognized on or after May 1, 2006 includes: (a) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of May 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS No. 123, and (b) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted on or after May 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R). In accordance with this transition method, the Company’s financial statements for the prior periods have not been restated to reflect, and do not include the impact of, SFAS No. 123(R).

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

The Company recorded stock option compensation cost of approximately $378,000 and $377,000 and related income tax benefits of approximately $77,000 and $45,000 for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Included in total stock option compensation expense for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2008 and 2007, is approximately $175,000 and $157,000, respectively, of stock compensation expense related to ASI stock options issued to our employees. Stock-based compensation expense for current year grants is recorded on a straight-line basis over the vesting period as an expense to net income and credited directly to additional paid-in capital.

Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), the Company presented all tax benefits of deductions resulting from the exercise of stock options as operating cash flows in the consolidated statements of cash flows. SFAS No. 123(R) requires that cash flows resulting from the tax benefits generated by tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized or which would have been recognized for those options (excess tax benefits) to be classified as financing cash flows. The Company generated excess tax benefits of $876,000 and $283,000 during the years ended April 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

The following table shows what the Company’s net earnings and earnings per share would have been using the fair value based method under SFAS No. 123 for the year ended April 30, 2006:

 

     April 30,  
             2006          
     (in thousands, except
per share data)
 

Net earnings -as reported

   $ 8,013  

Add: Stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net income (loss), net of taxes

     —    

Deduct: Stock-based compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards

     (246 )
        

Pro forma net earnings in accordance with SFAS No. 123

   $ 7,767  
        

Basic net earnings per share:

  

As reported

   $ 0.63  

Pro forma in accordance with SFAS No. 123

   $ 0.61  

Diluted net earnings per share:

  

As reported

   $ 0.60  

Pro forma in accordance with SFAS No. 123

   $ 0.58  

 

  (r) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

In accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment, and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of by sale would be separately presented in the consolidated balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a group classified as

 

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Index to Financial Statements

LOGILITY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

held for sale would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the consolidated balance sheet.

 

  (s) Impairment of Goodwill

In accordance with SFAS No. 142 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, the Company evaluates the carrying value of goodwill annually and between annual evaluations if events occur or circumstances change that would indicate that the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to, (1) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in business climate, (2) unanticipated competition, or (3) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator. When evaluating whether the goodwill is impaired, the Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit to which the goodwill is assigned to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, then the amount of the impairment loss must be measured. The impairment loss would be calculated by comparing the implied fair value of reporting unit goodwill to its carrying amount. In calculating the implied fair value of goodwill, the fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all of the other assets and liabilities of that unit based on their fair values. The excess of the fair value of a reporting unit over the amount assigned to its other assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. The Company performed its periodic review of its goodwill for impairment as of April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 and did not identify any asset impairment as a result of the review.

 

  (t) Comprehensive Income

SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, establishes standards for reporting and presentation of comprehensive income and its components in a full set of financial statements. No consolidated statements of comprehensive income have been included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements since comprehensive income and net earnings presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations would be the same.

 

  (u) Earnings per Common Share

Basic earnings per common share available to common shareholders are based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share available to common shareholders are based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and dilutive potential common shares, such as dilutive stock options.

The numerator in calculating both basic and diluted earnings per common share for each year is the same as net earnings. The denominator is based on the following number of common shares:

 

     Years ended April 30,
     2008    2007    2006
     (In thousands)

Weighted average common shares outstanding used for basic

   12,942    12,899    12,817

Dilutive effect of outstanding stock options

   389    346    642
              

Total used for diluted

   13,331    13,245    13,459
              

 

See Note 5(a) for total stock options outstanding and potentially dilutive.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

  (v) Guarantees and Indemnifications

The Company accounts for guarantees in accordance with Financial Interpretation No. 45 (“FIN 45”), Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others. The Company’s sales agreements with customers generally contain infringement indemnity provisions. Under these agreements, the Company agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the customer in connection with patent, copyright or trade secret infringement claims made by third parties with respect to the customer’s authorized use of the Company’s products and services. The indemnity provisions generally provide for the Company’s control of defense and settlement and cover costs and damages finally awarded against the customer, as well as the Company’s modification of the product so it is no longer infringing or, if it cannot be corrected, return of the product for a refund. The sales agreements with customers sometimes also contain indemnity provisions for death, personal injury or property damage caused by the Company’s personnel or contractors in the course of performing services to customers. Under these agreements, the Company agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the customer in connection with death, personal injury and property damage claims made by third parties with respect to actions of the Company’s personnel or contractors. The indemnity provisions generally provide for the Company’s control of defense and settlement and cover costs and damages finally awarded against the customer. The indemnity obligations contained in sales agreements generally have a limited life and monetary award. The Company has not previously incurred costs to settle claims or pay awards under these indemnification obligations. The Company accounts for these indemnity obligations in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies, and records a liability for these obligations when a loss is probable and reasonably estimable. The Company has not recorded any liabilities for these agreements as of April 30, 2008 or 2007.

The Company warrants to its customers that its software products will perform in all material respects in accordance with its published specifications in effect at the time of delivery of the licensed products to the customer generally for 90 days after delivery of the licensed products. Additionally, the Company warrants to its customers that services will be performed consistent with generally accepted industry standards or specific service levels through completion of the agreed upon services. If necessary, the Company will provide for the estimated cost of product and service warranties based on specific warranty claims and claim history. However, the Company has not incurred significant recurring expense under product or service warranties. Accordingly, the Company has no liabilities recorded for these agreements as of April 30, 2008 or 2007.

 

  (w) Industry Segment

The Company operates and manages its business as one reportable segment, that being providing supply chain management software solutions to participants along the supply chain.

 

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Index to Financial Statements

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

(2) Investments

Investments, which are classified as held-to-maturity, consisted of the following at April 30, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):

 

     2008    2007  
     Carrying
value
   Fair
value
   Unrealized
gain (loss)
   Carrying
value
   Fair
value
   Unrealized
gain (loss)
 

Commercial paper

   $ —      $ —      $ —      $ 6,972    $ 6,990    $ 18  

Corporate bonds

     —        —        —        1,485      1,341      (144 )

Government securities

     4,013      4,013      —        7,715      7,709      (6 )
                                           
   $ 4,013    $ 4,013    $ —      $ 16,172    $ 16,040    $ (132 )
                                           

The contractual maturity of debt securities classified as held to maturity at April 30, 2008 and 2007 were as follows:

 

     2008    2007

Due within one year

   $ 4,013    $ 16,172

Due within two years

     —        —  

Due within three years

     —        —  

Due after three years

     —        —  
             
   $ 4,013    $ 16,172
             

As of April 30, 2008, the Company does not believe any investments to be impaired.

 

(3) Furniture, Equipment and Purchased Software

Furniture, equipment and purchased software consisted of the following at April 30, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):

 

     2008     2007  

Computer and communications equipment

   $ 2,766     $ 2,698  

Furniture and fixtures

     697       678  

Purchased computer software costs

     1,696       1,611  
                
     5,159       4,987  

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (4,758 )     (4,551 )
                
   $ 401     $ 436  
                

 

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Index to Financial Statements

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

(4) Income Taxes

The Company’s income tax expense (benefit) is as follows:

 

     Years ended April 30,  
     2008    2007    2006  
     (in thousands)  

Current:

        

Federal

   $ 2,386    $ 246    $ 108  

State

     570      496      31  
                      
     2,956      742      139  
                      

Deferred:

        

Federal

     960      3,100      (1,545 )

State

     7      288      (181 )
                      
     967      3,388      (1,726 )
                      
   $ 3,923    $ 4,130    $ (1,587 )
                      

The Company’s effective tax rate differs from the “expected” income tax expense calculated by applying the Federal statutory rate of 34% to earnings before income taxes as follows:

 

     Years ended April 30,  
     2008     2007     2006  
     (In thousands)  

Computed “expected” income tax expense

   $ 3,385     $ 3,442     $ 2,185  

Increase (decrease) in income taxes resulting from:

      

State income taxes, net of Federal income tax effect

     361       697       232  

Current period permanent items

     134       115       34  

Research and development credits

     (206 )     (186 )     —    

Change in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets

     283       —         (4,015 )

Income tax contingencies

     40       60       —    

Other, net

     (74 )     2       (23 )
                        
   $ 3,923     $ 4,130     $ (1,587 )
                        

Our effective income tax rates were 39.4% and 40.8% in 2008 and 2007, respectively. We recorded a tax benefit of approximately $1.6 million during 2006. Our effective income tax rate takes into account the source of taxable income and available income tax credits and net operating loss carryforwards. The provision for income taxes in 2008 and 2007 excludes $1.3 million and $566,000, respectively, of tax benefits realized from the recognition of stock option net operating losses, which has been recorded in additional paid-in capital.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

The significant components of deferred income tax expense attributable to earnings before income taxes for the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 were as follows:

 

     Years ended April 30,  
     2008    2007    2006  
     (in thousands)  

Deferred income tax expense

   $ 684    $ 3,388    $ 2,289  

Increase/(decrease) in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets

     283      —        (4,015 )
                      
   $ 967    $ 3,388    $ (1,726 )
                      

The income tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities computed on a separate return basis at April 30, 2008 and 2007 are presented as follows:

 

     April 30,  
     2008     2007  
     (in thousands)  

Deferred income tax assets:

    

Compensated absences and other expenses, due to accrual for financial reporting purposes

   $ 101     $ 134  

Unrealized gain/losses on investment

     283       283  

Allowance for doubtful accounts

     43       27  

Alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards

     —         444  

Research tax credit carryforwards

     —         236  

Foreign tax credit carryforwards

     —         48  

Furniture, equipment and purchased software depreciation

     76       70  

Nonqualified stock options granted

     77       45  

Net operating loss carryforwards

     —         473  
                

Total gross deferred income tax assets

     580       1,760  
                

Valuation allowance

     283       —    
                

Net deferred income tax assets

     297       1,760  
                

Deferred income tax liabilities:

    

Capitalized computer software development costs

     1,684       2,242  

Goodwill amortization

     159       97  
                

Total gross deferred income tax liabilities

     1,843       2,339  
                

Net deferred income tax liability

   $ (1,546 )   $ (579 )
                

In accordance with the Company’s Tax Sharing Agreement with ASI, the Company computes a separate, stand-alone income tax provision and settles balances due to or from ASI on this basis. The Company has an income tax related payable due to ASI of approximately $909,000 included as a component of Due to ASI in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at April 30, 2008. In addition to other matters, the Company recognizes a payable to ASI when stock option benefits generated from ASI options exercised by our employees are realized. However, all benefits derived from deferred tax assets, as defined in the Tax Sharing Agreement (which include net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards), that arose prior to the

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

initial public offering (originally in the amount of $5,768,000, of which $1,333,000 was used in 1998) were allocated to ASI. Accordingly, the Company did not receive any economic benefit from the $4,435,000 of contributed gross deferred tax assets. None of the pre-IPO NOLs remain as of April 30, 2007.

As of April 30, 2007, the Company also had $506,000 of stock option deductions that were not recognized as such deductions because they were not yet realized under SFAS 123R. These deductions were realized during fiscal 2008 and served to reduce the current tax payable. Such amounts were recorded as a credit to additional paid-in capital.

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. As of April 30, 2008, management determined that it was more likely than not that the benefit of deferred tax assets would be realized by the Company, net of the existing valuation allowances.

During fiscal 2006, the valuation allowance of $4,364,000 was reversed, with $4,015,000 of the reversal being recorded as a deferred tax benefit and $349,000 which was related to the exercise of stock options being recorded as a benefit to additional paid-in capital.

The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standard Board Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”) on May 1, 2007. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position take or expected to be taken within an income tax return. We did not record any cumulative adjustments to retained earnings as of May 1, 2007 as a result of the adoption of FIN 48. As of April 30, 2008 and May 1, 2007, we have recorded a provision of approximately $100,000 and $60,000, respectively, reflecting unrecognized tax benefits, inclusive of interest and penalties, all of which would impact our effective tax rate if recognized. The liability for unrecognized tax benefits is recorded net of any federal tax benefit that would result from payment.

We recognize potential accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within income tax expense. To the extent interest and penalties are not assessed with respect to uncertain tax positions, amounts accrued will be reduced and reflected as a reduction of the overall income tax provision. As of April 30, 2008 and May 1, 2007, we had recorded a liability for potential penalties and interest of approximately $35,000 and $26,000, respectively, related to uncertain tax positions.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows, excluding interest and penalties (in thousands):

 

Balance at May 1, 2007

   $ 60

Increases as a result of positions taken during prior periods

  

Decreases as a result of positions taken during prior periods

  

Increases as a result of positions taken during the current period

     40

Reductions in benefits from lapse in statute of limitations

  
      

Balance at April 30, 2008

   $ 100
      

 

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LOGILITY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

We conduct business globally and, as a result, file income tax returns in the United States Federal jurisdiction and in many state and foreign jurisdictions. We are no longer subject to U.S. Federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations for years prior to 2000.

We do not anticipate that total unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change in the next twelve months.

 

(5) Shareholders’ Equity

 

  (a) Stock Compensation

Prior to August 7, 1997, the Company had not issued any stock options; however, certain employees of the Company received and certain employees continue to receive stock options of ASI. Effective August 7, 1997, the Company adopted the Logility, Inc. 1997 Stock Plan (1997 Stock Plan). The Stock Plan provided for grants of incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options to certain key employees and directors of the Company. The Stock Plan also allowed for stock appreciation rights (SARs) in lieu of or in addition to stock options. There have been no SARs granted to date. Existing options granted prior to March 2005 generally vest over a four-year period. The contractual terms of these existing options generally are for ten years. In March 2005, the Board amended the stock option grant form for future grants to provide for a six-year grant life and a five-year vesting period.

At the August 21, 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the Stockholders of the Company approved the Logility, Inc. 2007 Stock Plan (2007 Stock Plan), which had been approved by the Board of Directors on May 15, 2007. The 2007 Stock Plan replaced the Company’s 1997 Stock Plan, which expired on August 7, 2007. The 2007 Stock Plan provides for the granting of options to purchase up to 500,000 of Shares of Common Stock and up to 300,000 SAR units. The Stock Options and SARs would be granted on terms similar to those in effect under the 1997 Stock Plan at the time of its expiration. Options previously granted under the 1997 Stock Plan continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.

A summary of changes in outstanding options for the year ended April 30, 2008 is as follows:

 

     Number of
Shares
    Weighted Average
Exercise Price
   Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term-Years
   Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

Outstanding at May 1, 2007

   746,086     $ 4.75      

Granted

   23,000       10.17      

Exercised

   (85,226 )     3.32      

Forfeited/canceled

   (14,340 )     13.85      
                  

Outstanding at April 30, 2008

   669,520     $ 4.92    3.8    $ 1,850,393
                        

Exercisable at April 30, 2008

   536,895     $ 4.39    3.5    $ 1,724,366
                        

 

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The weighted-average grant date fair values of stock options granted during the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 were $4.99 per share, $4.57 per share and $4.80 per share, respectively. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 

     2008     2007     2006  

Dividend yield

   0 %   0 %   0 %

Expected volatility

   63.3 %   64.5 %   68.0 %

Risk-free interest rate

   4.8 %   4.9 %   4.5 %

Expected life

   4.4 Years     4.5 Years     4.5 Years  

The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility and other factors. The Company uses historical data to estimate stock option exercise and forfeiture rates. The expected term represents the period over which the share-based awards are expected to be outstanding and it has been determined using the shortcut method described in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 107. The dividend yield is an estimate of the expected dividend yield on the Company’s stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury yields in effect at the time of the grant for the expected term of the stock options.

Options issued after May 1, 2007 with graded vesting are valued as a single award. The total value of the award is expensed on a straight line basis over the vesting period with the amount of compensation cost recognized at any date at least equal to the portion of the grant date value of the award that is vested at that date. During the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006 the Company issued 85,226, 50,261 and 188,456 shares of common stock, respectively, resulting from the exercise of stock options. The total intrinsic value of Logility options exercised during the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, based on market value at the exercise dates was $693,870, $284,972 and $1,097,466, respectively. As of April 30, 2008, unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock option awards totaled approximately $1.1 million (inclusive of approximately $800,000 related to ASI options issued to Logility employees), and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.1 years.

 

  (b) Stock Repurchases

In February 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors amended an existing stock repurchase program to authorize the repurchase of up to an additional 400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock for a total authorized repurchase amount of up to 1,550,000 shares. The Company had repurchased 1,440,525 shares of its common stock for $8,911,000 as of April 30, 2008.

 

(6) International Revenue and Significant Customer

International revenues were approximately $7.5 million or 17% of total revenues, $6.6 million or 15% of total revenues and $5.3 million or 14% of total revenues for the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively, and were derived primarily from customers in Europe.

No individual customer accounted for more than 10% of revenue for the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006.

 

(7) Investment Impairment

In 2006, we recorded $281,000 of investment impairment charges related to a minority investment.

 

(8) Commitments and Contingencies

 

  (a) 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan

The employees of the Company are offered the opportunity to participate in the American Software, Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan (the 401(k) Plan), which is intended to be a tax-qualified defined contribution plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Under the 401(k) Plan,

 

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LOGILITY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

employees are eligible to participate on the first day of the month following the date of hire. Eligible employees may contribute up to 60% of pretax income to the 401(k) Plan. Subject to certain limitations, the Company may make a discretionary profit sharing contribution at an amount determined by the board of directors of the Company. The Company did not make profit sharing contributions for 2008, 2007, and 2006.

 

  (b) Lease Commitments

The Company occupies its principal office facilities under a facilities agreement with ASI dated August 1, 1997, that is cancelable upon 90-day notice by either party (see note 9). Amounts allocated to the Company for rent expense for these facilities were $428,000, $417,000, and $411,000 for the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively. In addition, the Company has various other operating leases. Rent expense under these facility leases was $495,000, $536,000, and $504,000 for the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively.

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases (excluding cancelable leases with ASI) are as follows (in thousands):

 

Year ended April 30:   

2009

   $ 440

2010

     260

2011

     231

2012

     231

2013

     231
      
   $ 1,393
      

 

  (c) Contingencies

The Company more often than not indemnifies its customers against damages and costs resulting from claims of patent, copyright, or trademark infringement associated with use of the Company’s products. The Company has historically not been required to make any payments under such indemnification provisions. However, the Company continues to monitor the conditions that are subject to the indemnifications to identify whether it is probable that a loss has occurred, and would recognize any such losses under the indemnifications when those losses are estimable. In addition, the Company warrants to customers that the Company’s products operate substantially in accordance with the software product’s specifications. Historically, no costs have been incurred related to software product warranties and none are expected in the future, and as such no accruals for software product warranty costs have been made. In the opinion of management, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the financial position or results of operations of the Company.

We are currently a party to a legal proceeding. While we currently believe that the ultimate outcome of this proceeding will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or overall trends in the results of operations, legal proceedings are subject to inherent uncertainties. If an unfavorable ruling were to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on our net income in the period in which the ruling occurs. The estimate of the potential impact from this legal proceeding on our financial position or overall results of operation could change in the future.

 

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LOGILITY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

(9) Agreements with ASI

Effective August 1, 1997 (except for the Tax Sharing Agreement, which was effective January 23, 1997), the Company entered into certain contractual arrangements with ASI related to the following:

Tax Sharing Agreement—Certain terms under the Tax Sharing Agreement are described in Note 4.

Services Agreement—Commencing August 1, 1997, the Company began purchasing (or selling) various services from (to) ASI based upon various cost methodologies as described below:

 

Service

   Cost methodology    Expense for
the year ended
April 30, 2008
   Expense for
the year ended
April 30, 2007
   Expense for
the year ended
April 30, 2006

•      General corporate services, including accounting, insurance expense, and employee benefits services

   Apportioned based
on formula to all ASI
subsidiaries
   $ 1,234,000    $ 1,285,000    $ 1,186,000

•      Professional services to customers on behalf of the Company (services are available unless ASI determines it is not economic or otherwise feasible)

   Cost plus billing
with the percentage
of costs and expenses
to be negotiated
     44,000      148,000      73,000
Facilities Agreement—The Company leases various properties from ASI for specified square foot rates. The stated term of the agreement was for two years and is renewed automatically thereafter for successive one- year terms; however, it may be terminated by either party after a 90-day notice. Also included in these costs are utilities, telephone, and security expenses.      428,000      417,000      411,000
Stock Option Agreement—The Company has granted ASI an option to purchase Company common stock to enable ASI to maintain the necessary ownership percentage required to consolidate the Company in ASI’s consolidated Federal income tax return. The purchase price of the option is the average of the closing price on each of the five business days immediately preceding the date of payment.      Not applicable      Not applicable      Not applicable
Technology License Agreement—The Company granted ASI a nonexclusive, nontransferable, worldwide perpetual right and license to use, execute, reproduce, display, etc., its Supply Chain Planning and Execution Solutions (which ASI had transferred to the Company) so that ASI may maintain and support end-users of the software products. The license is fully paid and royalty-free.      Not applicable      Not applicable      Not applicable
Marketing License Agreement—The Company previously utilized ASI as a nonexclusive marketing representative for licensing of its products and paid ASI 30% (50% for certain international licenses) of net license fees for its services. This agreement expired August 1, 2003 and was not renewed.      —        —        —  

 

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LOGILITY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006

 

(10) Financial Statements and Supplementary Data (Unaudited)

The following schedule represents results for each quarter in the years ended April 30, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Total
Revenues
   Gross
Margin
   Operating
Income
   Net
Earnings
   Diluted net
Earnings
per share*

Quarter ended:

              

July 31, 2007

   $ 11,965    $ 8,229    $ 3,000    $ 1,847    $ 0.14

October 31, 2007

     11,134      7,324      2,200      1,673      0.13

January 31, 2008

     9,931      5,257      675      835      0.06

April 30, 2008

     11,878      8,148      2,430      1,677      0.12
                                  

Year ended April 30, 2008

   $ 44,908    $ 28,958    $ 8,305    $ 6,032    $ 0.45
                                  

Quarter ended:

              

July 31, 2006

   $ 9,594    $ 6,137    $ 1,236    $ 923    $ 0.07

October 31, 2006

     10,019      6,465      1,480      1,115      0.08

January 31, 2007

     11,296      7,870      2,650      1,995      0.15

April 30, 2007

     12,854      8,872      3,155      1,961      0.15
                                  

Year ended April 30, 2007

   $ 43,763    $ 29,344    $ 8,521    $ 5,994    $ 0.45
                                  

 

* Quarterly amounts do not sum to full year total due to rounding

 

(11) Subsequent Event

During June 2008, the Company purchased 39,620 shares of its common stock for $296,841 under the current authorized share buy-back program.

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders

Logility, Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Logility, Inc. and subsidiary (the “Company”) as of April 30, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended April 30, 2008. In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we also have audited the financial statement schedule. These consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Logility, Inc. and subsidiary as of April 30, 2008 and 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended April 30, 2008, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements effective May 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, Share-Based Payment in 2007.

/s/    KPMG LLP

Atlanta, Georgia

July 14, 2008

 

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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

 

Item 9A(T). Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, such as this annual report on Form 10-K, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms. Our disclosure controls and procedures are also designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer (CEO) and chief financial officer (CFO), to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our CEO and CFO, with the assistance of our Disclosure Committee, have conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of April 30, 2008. We perform this evaluation on a quarterly basis so that the conclusions concerning the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures can be reported in our annual report on Form 10-K and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of April 30, 2008.

We believe our consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects our financial position, results of operations and cash flows in our annual report on Form 10-K. The unqualified opinion of our independent registered public accounting firm on our consolidated financial statements as of April 30, 2008 and 2007 and for the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, is included in this Form 10-K.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for us. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by or under the supervision of our CEO and CFO, and effectively by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:

 

   

Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and dispositions of our assets;

 

   

Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations from our management and directors; and

 

   

Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Our management, including our CEO and CFO, assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2008. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth in

 

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Internal Control—Integrated Framework published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on this assessment, our management, including our CEO and CFO, has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of April 30, 2008.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this annual report on Form 10-K.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the last fiscal quarter within the fiscal year to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

 

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PART III

 

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The directors and executive officers of Logility are as follows:

 

Name

   Age   

Position

J. Michael Edenfield

   50    Chief Executive Officer, President and Director

James C. Edenfield

   73    Chairman of the Board of Directors

Frederick E. Cooper

   66    Director

Parker H. Petit

   68    Director

Dr. John A. White

   68    Director

Vincent C. Klinges

   45    Chief Financial Officer

H. Allan Dow

   44    Executive Vice President, Worldwide Sales and Marketing

Donald L. Thomas

   61    Vice President, Customer Service

Directors are divided into three classes, with staggered three-year terms. Information regarding the directors of the Company, including their ages, their principal occupations for at least the past five years, other public company directorships held by them and the year each was first elected as a director of the Company, are set forth under the caption “Election of Directors” in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”), which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Executive officers of the Company are elected annually and serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. Information regarding the executive officers of the Company who are not directors, including their principal occupations for at least the past five years, is set forth below:

Vincent C. Klinges joined Logility in February, 1998 as Vice President of Finance, and was appointed Chief Financial Officer in September, 1999. From July 1995 to February 1998, Mr. Klinges was employed by Indus International, Inc. (formerly known as TSW International, Inc.), as Controller. From November 1986 to July 1995, Mr. Klinges held various positions with Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. including Controller of Sales Technologies, a software division of Dun & Bradstreet Inc. Mr. Klinges holds a Bachelor of Business Administration from St. Bonaventure University.

H. Allan Dow joined Logility in October 2000 as Executive Vice President of Worldwide Sales and Marketing. From January 1998 to September 2000, Mr. Dow was employed by Structural Dynamics Research Corporation as Regional Vice President and General Manager of the southern United States, Latin America and South American operations. From November 1986 to January 1998, Mr. Dow held various positions with Honeywell (formerly Measurex Systems, Inc.), most recently as Director of North American Operations. Mr. Dow holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Maine.

Donald L. Thomas has served as Vice President, Customer Service of Logility since January 1997. From October 1976 to January 1997, he served in a variety of positions with American Software, most recently as Vice President, Customer Service of the Supply Chain Planning division of American Software USA, Inc. He holds a degree in Industrial Engineering from Auburn University.

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) requires our executive officers and directors, and persons who own more than 10% of a registered class of our equity securities, to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”). Officers, directors and holders of more than 10% of our Common Stock are required under regulations promulgated by the Commission to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file. Based upon a review by the Company of filings made under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act and representations from its

 

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directors and officers, all of the reports required to be filed during fiscal 2008 were filed on a timely basis, except for a single report filed by Dr. John A. White relating to a sale of stock, which was inadvertently filed approximately two weeks after the date on which it was required to be filed.

Code of Ethics

The Company has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which applies to all directors, officers and employees of the Company, including its Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Controller. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on the Company’s website at http://www.logility.com/about/investor_relations.html. The Company will post any material amendments or waivers to its website.

 

Item 11. Executive Compensation

This information is set forth under the caption “Certain Information Regarding Executive Officers and Directors” in the Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Information regarding security ownership of management and others is set forth under the caption “Voting Securities—Security Ownership” in the Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence

Relationship with American Software, Inc.

In November 1997, we completed an initial public offering of 2,530,000 shares of common stock. Prior to that time, Logility was a wholly-owned subsidiary of American Software, Inc. operating as the supply chain planning software group, warehouse management software group and transportation management group. In anticipation of such offering, Logility and American Software entered into a number of agreements for the purpose of defining certain relationships between the parties (the “Intercompany Agreements”). The more significant of the Intercompany Agreements are summarized below. As a result of American Software’s ownership interest in Logility, the terms of such agreements were not the result of arms-length negotiation. Management of the Company believes, however, that the fees for the various services provided do not exceed fees that would be paid if such services were provided by independent third parties.

Services Agreement

Logility and American Software have entered into a Services Agreement (the “Services Agreement”) with respect to certain services to be provided by American Software (or subsidiaries of American Software) to Logility. The Services Agreement provides that such services are provided in exchange for fees equivalent to fees that would be paid if such services were provided by independent third parties. The services provided by American Software to us under the Services Agreement include, among other things, certain accounting, cash management, corporate development, employee benefit plan administration, human resources and compensation, general and administrative services, and risk management and tax services. In addition to these services, American Software has agreed to allow eligible employees of Logility to participate in certain of American Software’s employee benefit plans.

We have agreed to reimburse American Software for American Software’s costs (including any contributions and insurance premium costs and including third-party expenses and allocations of certain personnel expenses), generally in accordance with past practice, relating to the participation by our employees in any of American Software’s benefit plans.

 

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The Services Agreement had an initial term of three years and is renewed automatically thereafter for successive one-year terms unless either Logility or American Software elects not to renew its term by giving proper notice. We will indemnify American Software against any damages that American Software may incur in connection with its performance of services under the Services Agreement (other than those arising from American Software’s gross negligence or willful misconduct), and American Software will indemnify us against any damages arising out of American Software’s gross negligence or willful misconduct in connection with its rendering of services under the Services Agreement. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the amounts paid by us to American Software pursuant to this agreement were $1.3 million, $1.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively.

Facilities Agreement

American Software and Logility have entered into a Facilities Agreement (the “Facilities Agreement”), which provides that we may occupy space located in certain facilities owned or leased by American Software (or subsidiaries of American Software). The Facilities Agreement had an initial term of two years and is renewed automatically thereafter for successive one-year terms unless either American Software or Logility elects not to renew its term. The Facilities Agreement may be terminated upon 30 days’ written notice by us for any reason with respect to any particular facility. Our leasing of space at any facility under the Facilities Agreement is limited by the term of the underlying lease between American Software and a landlord with respect to any facility leased by American Software and by the disposition by American Software of any facility owned by American Software. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the amounts paid by us to American Software pursuant to this agreement were $428,000, $417,000 and $411,000, respectively. Included in these amounts are lease expense, utilities expense, telephone expense, and security expense.

Tax Sharing Agreement

We are included in American Software’s federal consolidated (and certain state consolidated returns) income tax group, and our federal and certain state income tax liability will be included in the consolidated federal and certain state income tax liability of American Software and its subsidiaries. Logility and American Software have entered into a Tax Sharing Agreement (the “Tax Sharing Agreement”) pursuant to which American Software and Logility will make payments between them such that the amount of taxes to be paid by Logility, subject to certain adjustments, will be determined as though we were to file separate federal, state, and local income tax returns, rather than as a consolidated subsidiary of American Software. Pursuant to the Tax Sharing Agreement, under certain circumstances, we will be reimbursed for tax attributes that we generate after deconsolidation of Logility from the consolidated tax group of American Software, such as net operating losses and loss carry forwards. Deconsolidation is effective if and when American Software’s ownership of Logility falls below 80%. No such deconsolidation is currently in process. Such reimbursement, if any, will be made for utilization of our losses only after such losses are utilized by American Software. For that purpose, all losses of American Software and its consolidated income tax group will be deemed utilized in the order in which they are recognized. We will pay American Software a fee intended to reimburse American Software for all direct and indirect costs and expenses incurred with respect to American Software’s share of the overall costs and expense incurred by American Software with respect to tax related services. In addition to other matters, the Company recognizes a payable to ASI when stock option benefits generated from ASI options exercised by our employees are realized.

Technology License Agreement

American Software and Logility have entered into a Technology License Agreement (the “Technology License Agreement”) pursuant to which we have granted American Software a non-exclusive, worldwide license to use, execute, reproduce, display, modify, and prepare derivatives of the Logility Voyager Solutions product line, provided such license is limited to maintaining and supporting users that have licensed Logility Voyager Solutions products from American Software. Pursuant to the Technology License Agreement, American

 

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Software and Logility are required to disclose to one another any and all enhancements and improvements which they may make or acquire in relation to a Logility Voyager Solutions product, subject to confidentiality requirements imposed by third parties. The term of the Technology License Agreement is indefinite, although we may terminate the Technology License Agreement for cause, and American Software may terminate the Technology License Agreement at any time upon 60 days’ prior written notice to us. Upon termination of the Technology License Agreement, all rights to Logility Voyager Solutions products licensed by Logility to American Software revert to Logility, while all rights to enhancements and improvements made by American Software to Logility Voyager Solutions products revert to American Software.

Intercompany Loans

As a result of the various transactions between the Company and American Software (ASI), amounts payable to and receivable from ASI arise from time to time. At April 30, 2008, there was a payable to ASI in the amount of $638,000.

 

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

This information is set forth under the caption “Audit Committee Report and Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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PART IV

 

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

1. Financial statement schedule included in Part IV of this Form:

 

     Page

Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts—for the three years ended April 30, 2008

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All other financial statements and schedules not listed above are omitted as the required information is not applicable or the information is presented in the financial statements or related notes. A list of other financial statements included in this Report is set forth in Item 8.

 

2. Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed herewith or incorporated herein by reference:

 

  3.1    Logility’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, and amendments included as Exhibit 3.1 to Logility’s Registration Statement No. 333-33385 on Form S-1 (the “S-1 Registration Statement”) and incorporated herein by this reference.
  3.2    Logility’s Amended and Restated By-Laws, included as Exhibit 3.1 to the S-1 Registration Statement and incorporated herein by this reference.
10.1    1997 Stock Plan, Amended and Restated as of August 26, 1998, included as Exhibit 4.1 to Logility’s Form S-8 Registration Statement No. 333-62531 and incorporated herein by this reference.
10.2    2007 Stock Plan dated May 15, 2007, included as Exhibit 4.1 to Logility’s Registration Statement No. 333-145797 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.3    Subsidiary Formation Agreement among Logility, American Software, and certain subsidiaries of American Software, as amended, included as Exhibit 10.3 to the S-1 Registration Statement, and incorporated herein by this reference.
10.4    Merger Agreement between Logility and Distribution Sciences, Inc., included as Exhibit 10.4 to the S-1 Registration Statement, and incorporated herein by this reference.
10.5    Services Agreement between Logility and American Software, included as Exhibit 10.5 to the S-1 Registration Statement, and incorporated herein by this reference.
10.6    Facilities Agreement between Logility and American Software, included as Exhibit 10.6 to the S-1 Registration Statement, and incorporated herein by this reference.
10.7    Tax Sharing Agreement between Logility and American Software, included as Exhibit 10.7 to the S-1 Registration Statement, and incorporated herein by this reference.
10.8    Stock Option Agreement between Logility and American Software, included as Exhibit 10.8 to the S-1 Registration Statement, and incorporated herein by this reference.
10.9    Technology License Agreement between Logility and American Software, as amended, included as Exhibit 10.9 to the S-1 Registration Statement, and incorporated herein by this reference.
10.10    Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of September 30, 2004 by and among Demand Management, Inc., a Georgia corporation, as purchaser; Demand Management, Inc., a Missouri corporation, as Seller; and the shareholders, included as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q of Logility for the Quarter ended October 31, 2004, and incorporated herein by this reference.
21.1    Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
23.1    Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
31.1    Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
31.2    Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
32.1    Certifications Pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

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Schedule II

 

     Balance at
beginning of
year
   Amounts
Charged to

expense
    Other
additions(1)
   Deductions(2)    Balance at
end of year

Years ended:

             

April 30, 2008

   $ 73    75     35    68    115

April 30, 2007

   $ 64    7     2    —      73

April 30, 2006

   $ 230    (53 )   2    115    64

 

(1) Recovery of previously written-off amounts.
(2) Write-off of uncollectible accounts.

Deferred Income Tax Valuation Allowance

The deferred tax valuation allowance roll-forward is included in Item 8 of this report under “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements”—Note 4

See accompanying report of independent registered public accounting firm.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

LOGILITY, INC.

By:

 

/S/    J. MICHAEL EDENFIELD        

 

J. Michael Edenfield

Chief Executive Officer

Date: July 14, 2008

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/S/    J. MICHAEL EDENFIELD        

J. Michael Edenfield

  

President, Chief Executive Officer

  July 14, 2008

/S/    JAMES C. EDENFIELD        

James C. Edenfield

  

Chairman of the Board of Directors

  July 14, 2008

/S/    FREDERICK E. COOPER        

Frederick E. Cooper

  

Director

  July 14, 2008

/S/    PARKER H. PETIT        

Parker H. Petit

  

Director

  July 14, 2008

/S/    DR. JOHN A. WHITE        

Dr. John A. White

  

Director

  July 14, 2008

/S/    VINCENT C. KLINGES        

Vincent C. Klinges

  

Chief Financial Officer

  July 14, 2008

/S/    HERMAN L. MONCRIEF        

Herman L. Moncrief

  

Controller and Principal Accounting

Officer

  July 14, 2008

 

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