SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013
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OR
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¨
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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for the transition period from to .
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Commission File Number: 000-50478
NEXSTAR BROADCASTING GROUP, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware
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23-3083125
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(State of Organization or Incorporation)
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
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545 E. John Carpenter Freeway, Suite 700, Irving, Texas
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75062
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(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
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(Zip Code)
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(972) 373-8800
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(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
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Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
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Name of each exchange on which registered
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Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share
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NASDAQ Global Market
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Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that it was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by checkmark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (check one):
Large accelerated filer x
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Accelerated filer ¨
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Non-accelerated filer ¨
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Smaller reporting company ¨
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(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
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Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
As of June 30, 2013, the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant was $1,023,403,801.
As of February 24, 2014, the Registrant had 30,598,535 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding and no shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Proxy Statement for the Registrant’s 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders will be filed with the Commission within 120 days after the close of the Registrant’s fiscal year and incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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PART I
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ITEM 1.
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Business
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2
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ITEM 1A.
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Risk Factors
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18
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ITEM 1B.
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Unresolved Staff Comments
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28
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ITEM 2.
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Properties
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29
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ITEM 3.
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Legal Proceedings
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35
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ITEM 4.
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Mine Safety Disclosures
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35
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PART II
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ITEM 5.
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Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
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35
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ITEM 6.
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Selected Financial Data
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37
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ITEM 7.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
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39
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ITEM 7A.
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
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57
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ITEM 8.
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Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
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57
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ITEM 9.
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Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
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57
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ITEM 9A.
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Controls and Procedures
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58
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ITEM 9B.
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Other Information
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58
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PART III
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ITEM 10.
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Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
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59
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ITEM 11.
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Executive Compensation
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59
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ITEM 12.
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Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management, and Related Stockholder Matters
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59
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ITEM 13.
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Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
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59
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ITEM 14.
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Principal Accountant Fees and Services
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59
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PART IV
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ITEM 15.
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Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
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59
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Index to Financial Statements
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F-1
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Index to Exhibits
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E-1
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General
Nexstar Broadcasting, Inc. has time brokerage agreements, shared services agreements and joint sales agreements (which we generally refer to as local service agreements) relating to the television stations owned by Mission Broadcasting, Inc., but does not own any of the equity interests in Mission Broadcasting, Inc. For a description of the relationship between Nexstar Broadcasting Group, Inc. and Mission Broadcasting, Inc., see Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
The information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K includes information related to Nexstar Broadcasting Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. It also includes information related to Mission Broadcasting, Inc. In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and as discussed in Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements, the financial results of Mission Broadcasting, Inc. are consolidated into the Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein.
As used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and unless the context indicates otherwise, “Nexstar” refers to Nexstar Broadcasting Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries; “Nexstar Broadcasting” refers to Nexstar Broadcasting, Inc., our wholly-owned indirect subsidiary; “Nexstar Holdings” refers to Nexstar Finance Holdings, Inc., our wholly-owned direct subsidiary; “Mission” refers to Mission Broadcasting, Inc.; the “Company” refers to Nexstar and Mission collectively; “ABRY” refers to Nexstar’s former principal stockholder, ABRY Partners, LLC and its affiliated funds; and all references to “we,” “our,” “ours,” and “us” refer to Nexstar.
In the context of describing ownership of television stations in a particular market, the term “duopoly” refers to owning or deriving the majority of the economic benefit, through ownership or local service agreements, from two or more stations in a particular market. For more information on how we derive economic benefit from a duopoly, see Item 1, “Business.”
There are 210 generally recognized television markets, known as Designated Market Areas, or DMAs, in the United States. DMAs are ranked in size according to various factors based upon actual or potential audience. DMA rankings contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are from Investing in Television Market Report 2013 4th Edition, as published by BIA Financial Network, Inc.
Reference is made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the following trademarks/tradenames which are owned by the third parties referenced in parentheses: Two and a Half Men (Warner Bros. Domestic Television) and Entertainment Tonight (CBS Television Distribution).
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws, including: any projections or expectations of earnings, revenue, financial performance, liquidity and capital resources or other financial items; any assumptions or projections about the television broadcasting industry, any statements of our plans, strategies and objectives for our future operations, performance, liquidity and capital resources or other financial items; any statements concerning proposed new products, services or developments; any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; any statements of belief; and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Forward-looking statements may include the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “future,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates” and other similar words.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in any of our forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ from a projection or assumption in any of our forward-looking statements. Our future financial position and results of operations, as well as any forward-looking statements, are subject to change and inherent risks and uncertainties discussed under Item 1A. “Risk Factors” located elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are made only as of the date hereof, and we do not have or undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances unless otherwise required by law.
PART I
Overview
We are a television broadcasting and digital media company focused exclusively on the acquisition, development and operation of television stations and interactive community websites in medium-sized markets in the United States, primarily markets that rank from 35 to 150 out of the 210 DMAs.
As of December 31, 2013, we owned, operated, programmed or provided sales and other services to 75 television stations and 18 digital multicast channels, including those owned by Mission, in 44 markets in the states of Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Missouri, Montana, Tennessee, Texas, Pennsylvania, Louisiana, Arkansas, Alabama, New York, Florida, Wisconsin, Michigan, Utah, Vermont, California and Iowa. In 25 of the 44 markets that we serve, we own, operate, program or provide sales and other services to more than one station. We refer to these markets as duopoly markets. The stations we serve are affiliates of ABC (19 stations), NBC (16 stations), FOX (14 stations), CBS (13 stations), The CW (6 stations and 2 digital multicast channels), MyNetworkTV (5 stations and 2 digital multicast channels), Telemundo (one station), Bounce TV (9 digital multicast channels), LiveWell (3 digital multicast channels), Me-TV (1 digital multicast channel), LATV (1 digital multicast channel) and one independent station. The stations reach approximately 14.9 million viewers or 12.9% of all U.S. television households.
We believe that medium-sized markets offer significant advantages over large-sized markets, most of which result from a lower level of competition. First, because there are fewer well-capitalized acquirers with a medium-market focus, we have been successful in purchasing stations on more favorable terms than acquirers of large market stations. Second, in the majority of our markets only four to six local commercial television stations exist. As a result, we achieve lower programming costs than stations in larger markets because the supply of quality programming exceeds the demand.
The stations we own and operate or provide services to provide free over-the-air programming to our markets’ television viewing audiences. This programming includes (a) programs produced by networks with which the stations are affiliated; (b) programs that the stations produce; and (c) first-run and rerun syndicated programs that the stations acquire. Our primary source of revenue is the sale of commercial air time to local and national advertisers.
We seek to grow our revenue and broadcast cash flow by increasing the audience and revenue shares of the stations we own, operate, program or provide sales and other services to, as well as through our growing portfolio of Internet-based products and services. We strive to increase the audience share of the stations by creating a strong local broadcasting presence based on highly rated local news, local sports coverage and active community sponsorship. We seek to improve revenue share by employing and supporting a high-quality local sales force that leverages the stations’ strong local brands and community presence with local advertisers. We further improve broadcast cash flow by maintaining strict control over operating and programming costs. The benefits achieved through these initiatives are magnified in our duopoly markets by broadcasting the programming of multiple networks, capitalizing on multiple sales forces and achieving an increased level of operational efficiency. As a result of our operational enhancements, we expect revenue from the stations we have acquired or begun providing services to in the last four years to grow faster than that of our more mature stations.
Our principal offices are at 545 E. John Carpenter Freeway, Suite 700, Irving, TX 75062. Our telephone number is (972) 373-8800 and our website is http://www.nexstar.tv.
Recent Acquisitions
On December 18, 2013, we and Mission entered into definitive agreements to acquire 6 television stations in 2 markets. Under the terms of the purchase agreements, we will acquire the outstanding equity of the following stations for $33.5 million in cash, subject to adjustments for working capital, along with their respective network affiliation agreements: WMBB (ABC) in the Panama City, Florida market, KREX (CBS) and KGJT (MyNetworkTV), both in the Grand Junction, Colorado market, KREG (CBS), in the Glenwood Springs, Colorado market and KREY (CBS), in the Montrose, Colorado market, from Gray Television Group, Inc. (“Gray TV”). Both KREG and KREY operate as satellite stations of KREX. Mission will acquire the outstanding equity of KFQX, the FOX affiliate, in the Grand Junction, Colorado market, for $4.0 million in cash, subject to adjustments for working capital, from Excalibur Broadcasting, LLC (“Excalibur”).
On November 6, 2013, we entered into a stock purchase agreement to acquire the outstanding equity of privately-held Grant Company, Inc. (“Grant”), the owner of 7 television stations in 4 markets, for $87.5 million in cash, subject to adjustments for working capital. The stations that we will acquire, along with their respective network affiliation agreements are WFXR (FOX) and WWCW (The CW), both in the Roanoke, Virginia market, WZDX (FOX), in the Huntsville, Alabama market, KGCW (the CW) and KLJB (FOX), both in the Quad Cities, Iowa market and WLAX (FOX) and WEUX (FOX), both in the LaCrosse, Wisconsin market. We paid a deposit of $8.5 million upon signing the stock purchase agreement funded by cash on hand. Simultaneous with this acquisition, we entered into a purchase agreement with Mission pursuant to which Mission will acquire KLJB from us for $15.3 million in cash.
On September 13, 2013, Mission entered into a definitive agreement to acquire WCIZ, the FOX affiliate, and WBPN-LP, the MyNetworkTV affiliate, both in the Binghamton, New York market, from Stainless Broadcasting, L.P. (“Stainless”), for $15.3 million in cash, subject to adjustments for working capital. A deposit of $0.2 million was paid upon signing the agreement.
On April 24, 2013, we and Mission entered into a stock purchase agreement to acquire the stock of privately-held Communications Corporation of America (“CCA”) and White Knight Broadcasting (“White Knight”), the owners of 19 television stations in 10 markets, for a total consideration of $270.0 million, subject to adjustments for working capital. Upon signing the agreement, we paid a deposit of $27.0 million. We have agreed to purchase all the outstanding equity of CCA and Mission has agreed to purchase all the outstanding equity of White Knight. We will acquire 10 television stations, Mission will acquire 7 television stations and Rocky Creek Communications, Inc. (“Rocky Creek”), an independent third party, will acquire 2 television stations, as follows:
Market
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Market Rank
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Station
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Affiliation
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Nexstar:
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Harlingen-Weslaco-Brownsville-McAllen, TX
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86
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KVEO
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NBC/Estrella
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Waco-Temple-Bryan, TX
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88
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KWKT
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FOX/MyNetworkTV /Estrella
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KYLE
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FOX/MyNetworkTV /Estrella
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El Paso, TX
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91
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KTSM
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NBC/Estrella
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Baton Rouge, LA
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94
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WGMB
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FOX
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WBRL-CD
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The CW
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Tyler-Longview, TX
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107
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KETK
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NBC/Estrella
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Lafayette, LA
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124
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KADN
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FOX
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KLAF-LD
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MyNetworkTV
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Alexandria, LA
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179
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WNTZ
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FOX/MyNetworkTV
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Mission:
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Shreveport, LA
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83
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KMSS
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FOX
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Baton Rouge, LA
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94
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WVLA
KZUP-CD
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NBC
RTV
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Tyler-Longview, TX
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107
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KFXK
KFXL-LD
KLPN-LD
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FOX
FOX
MyNetworkTV
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Odessa-Midland, TX
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152
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KPEJ
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FOX/Estrella
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Rocky Creek:
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Shreveport, LA
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83
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KSHV
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MyNetworkTV
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Evansville, IN
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104
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WEVV
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CBS/FOX/ MyNetworkTV
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The above acquisitions are subject to FCC approval and other customary conditions and we and Mission are projecting them to close in the second quarter of 2014. The purchase prices of the above acquisitions are expected to be funded through cash generated from operations prior to closing, borrowings under the existing credit facilities and future credit market transactions.
Operating Strategy
We seek to generate revenue and broadcast cash flow growth through the following strategies:
Develop Leading Local Franchises. Each of the stations that we own, operate, program, or provide sales and other services to creates a highly recognizable local brand, primarily through the quality of local news programming and community presence. Based on internally generated analysis, we believe that in over 77.0% of our markets in which we produce local newscasts, we rank among the top two stations in local news viewership. Strong local news typically generates higher ratings among attractive demographic profiles and enhances audience loyalty, which may result in higher ratings for programs both preceding and following the news. High ratings and strong community identity make the stations that we own, operate, program, or provide sales and other services to more attractive to local advertisers. For the year ended December 31, 2013 we earned approximately 28.0% of our advertising revenue from spots aired during local news programming. Currently, our stations and the stations we provide services to that produce local newscasts provide between 15 to 25 hours per week of local news programming. Extensive local sports coverage and active sponsorship of community events further differentiate us from our competitors and strengthen our community relationships and our local advertising appeal.
Emphasize Local Sales. We employ a high-quality local sales force in each of our markets to increase revenue from local advertisers by capitalizing on our investment in local programming. We believe that local advertising is attractive because our sales force is more effective with local advertisers, giving us a greater ability to influence this revenue source. Additionally, local advertising has historically been a more stable source of revenue than national advertising for television broadcasters. For the year ended December 31, 2013, revenue generated from local advertising represented 70.1% of our consolidated spot revenue (total of local and national advertising revenue, excluding political advertising revenue). In most of our markets, we have increased the size and quality of our local sales force. We also invest in our sales efforts by implementing comprehensive training programs and employing a sophisticated inventory tracking system to help maximize advertising rates and the amount of inventory sold in each time period.
Invest in Digital Media. We are focused on new technologies and growing our portfolio of Internet products and services. Our websites provide access to our local news and information, as well as community centric business and services. We delivered a record audience across all of our web sites in 2013, with 65 million unique visitors, who utilized over 588 million page views. Also in 2013, our mobile platform accounted for 48.0% of our overall page views by year end. We also launched redesigned web sites, ready for the emerging touch oriented platforms. We are committed to serving our local markets by providing local content to both online and mobile users wherever and whenever they want.
Operate Duopoly Markets. Owning or providing services to more than one station in a given market enables us to broaden our audience share, enhance our revenue share and achieve significant operating efficiencies. Duopoly markets broaden audience share by providing programming from multiple networks with different targeted demographics. These markets increase revenue share by capitalizing on multiple sales forces. Additionally, we achieve significant operating efficiencies by consolidating physical facilities, eliminating redundant management and leveraging capital expenditures between stations. We derived approximately 77.0% of our net broadcast revenue for the year ended December 31, 2013 from our duopoly markets.
Maintain Strict Cost Controls. We emphasize strict controls on operating and programming costs in order to increase broadcast cash flow. We continually seek to identify and implement cost savings at each of our stations and the stations we provide services to and our overall size benefits each station with respect to negotiating favorable terms with programming suppliers and other vendors. By leveraging our size and corporate management expertise, we are able to achieve economies of scale by providing programming, financial, sales and marketing support to our stations and the stations we provide services to.
Capitalize on Diverse Network Affiliations. We currently own, operate, program, or provide sales and other services to a balanced portfolio of television stations with diverse network affiliations, including ABC, NBC, CBS and FOX affiliated stations which represented approximately 24.9%, 24.8%, 24.3% and 15.1%, respectively, of our 2013 net broadcast revenue. The networks provide these stations with quality programming and numerous sporting events such as NBA basketball, Major League baseball, NFL football, NCAA sports, PGA golf and the Olympic Games. Because network programming and ratings change frequently, the diversity of our station portfolio’s network affiliations reduces our reliance on the quality of programming from a single network.
Attract and Retain High Quality Management. We seek to attract and retain station general managers with proven track records in larger television markets by providing equity incentives not typically offered by other station operators in our markets. Most of our station general managers have been granted stock options and have an average of over 20 years of experience in the television broadcasting industry.
Acquisition Strategy
We selectively pursue acquisitions of television stations primarily in markets ranking from 35 to 150 out of the 210 DMAs, where we believe we can improve revenue and cash flow through active management. When considering an acquisition, we evaluate the target audience share, revenue share, overall cost structure and proximity to our regional clusters. Additionally, we seek to acquire or enter into local service agreements with stations to create duopoly markets.
Relationship with Mission
Through various local service agreements with Mission, we provide sales, programming and other services to 20 television stations that are owned and operated by Mission as of December 31, 2013. Mission is 100% owned by independent third parties. We do not own Mission or any of its television stations. In compliance with Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) regulations for both us and Mission, Mission maintains complete responsibility for and control over programming, finances, personnel and operations of its stations. However, we are deemed under U.S. GAAP to have a controlling financial interest in Mission because of (1) the local service agreements Nexstar has with the Mission stations, (2) Nexstar’s guarantee of the obligations incurred under Mission’s senior secured credit facility, (3) Nexstar having power over significant activities affecting Mission’s economic performance, including budgeting for advertising revenue, advertising sales and hiring and firing of sales force personnel and (4) purchase options granted by Mission that permit Nexstar to acquire the assets and assume the liabilities of each Mission station, subject to FCC consent. The purchase options are freely exercisable or assignable by Nexstar without consent or approval by Mission for consideration equal to the greater of (1) seven times the station’s cash flow, as defined in the option agreement, less the amount of its indebtedness, as defined in the option agreement, or (2) the amount of its indebtedness. Additionally, on November 29, 2011, Mission’s shareholders granted Nexstar an option to purchase any or all of Mission’s stock, subject to FCC consent, for a price equal to the pro rata portion of the greater of (1) five times the stations’ cash flow, as defined in the agreement, reduced by the amount of indebtedness, as defined in the agreement, or (2) $100,000. These option agreements (which expire on various dates between 2014 and 2023) are freely exercisable or assignable by Nexstar without consent by Mission or its shareholders. Therefore, Mission is consolidated into these financial statements. We expect our option agreements with Mission to be renewed upon expiration.
The Stations
The following chart sets forth general information about the stations we owned, operated, programmed or provided sales and other services to as of December 31, 2013:
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Market
Rank (1)
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Market
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Station
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Affiliation
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Status (2)
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Commercial
Stations in
Market (3)
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FCC License
Expiration
Date
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8
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Washington, DC/
Hagerstown, MD
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WHAG
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NBC
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O&O
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(4)
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(5)
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33
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Salt Lake City, UT
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KTVX (14)
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ABC
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O&O
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15
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10/1/14
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KUCW
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The CW
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O&O
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10/1/14
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43
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Harrisburg-Lancaster-
Lebanon-York, PA
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WLYH
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The CW
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O&O (6)
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6
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(5)
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48
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Jacksonville, FL
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WCWJ/
WCWJ-D-2
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The CW/
Bounce TV
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O&O
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7
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(5)
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50
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Memphis, TN
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WATN
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ABC
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O&O
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6
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8/1/21
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WLMT/
WLMT-D-2
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The CW/
MyNetworkTV
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O&O
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(5)
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54
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Wilkes Barre-Scranton, PA
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WBRE
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NBC
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O&O
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7
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(5)
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WYOU
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CBS
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LSA (7)
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(5)
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Market
Rank (1)
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Market
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Station
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Affiliation
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Status (2)
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Commercial
Stations in
Market (3)
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FCC License
Expiration
Date
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55
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Fresno-Visalia, CA
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KSEE/
KSEE-D-2
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NBC/
LATV
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O&O
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10
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12/1/14
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KGPE
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CBS
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O&O
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12/1/14
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56
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Little Rock-Pine Bluff, AR
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KARK
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NBC
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O&O
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7
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(5)
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KARZ/
KARZ-D-2
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MyNetworkTV/
Bounce TV
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O&O
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(5)
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KLRT
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FOX
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LSA (7)
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(5)
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KASN
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The CW
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LSA (7)
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(5)
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70
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Green Bay-Appleton, WI
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WFRV
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CBS
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O&O
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6
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(5)
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72
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Des Moines-Ames, IA
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WOI/
WOI-D-2 (11)
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ABC/
LiveWell
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LSA (11)
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7
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(5)
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75
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Springfield, MO
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KOLR
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CBS
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LSA (7)
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5
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(5)
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KOZL
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Independent
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O&O
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(5)
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78
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Rochester, NY
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WROC/
WROC-D-2
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CBS/
Bounce TV
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O&O
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4
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(5)
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WUHF
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FOX
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LSA (16)
|
|
(16)
|
82
|
|
Shreveport, LA
|
KTAL
|
NBC
|
O&O
|
6
|
8/1/14
|
84
|
|
Champaign-Springfield-
|
WCIA
|
CBS
|
O&O
|
8
|
(5)
|
|
|
Decatur, IL
|
WCIX
|
MyNetworkTV
|
O&O
|
|
(5)
|
85
|
|
Syracuse, NY
|
WSYR/
WSYR-D-2 (12)
|
ABC/
Me-TV
|
O&O
|
6
|
6/1/15
|
98
|
|
Burlington-Plattsburgh, VT
|
WFFF
|
FOX
|
O&O
|
6
|
4/1/2015
|
|
|
|
WVNY
|
ABC
|
LSA (7)
|
|
4/1/2015
|
100
|
|
Davenport-Rock Island-
Moline, IL
|
WHBF/
WHBF-D-2 (11)
|
CBS/
LiveWell
|
LSA (11)
|
5
|
(5)
|
101
|
|
Ft. Smith-Fayetteville-
|
KFTA
|
FOX/NBC
|
O&O
|
6
|
(5)
|
|
|
Springdale-Rogers, AR
|
KNWA
|
NBC/FOX
|
O&O
|
|
(5)
|
103
|
|
Johnstown-Altoona, PA
|
WTAJ
|
CBS
|
O&O
|
4
|
(5)
|
104
|
|
Evansville, IN
|
WEHT
|
ABC
|
O&O
|
4
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
WTVW (12)
|
The CW (9)
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
109
|
|
Ft. Wayne, IND
|
WFFT (12)
|
FOX (10)
|
O&O
|
4
|
(5)
|
117
|
|
Peoria-Bloomington, IL
|
WMBD/
WMBD-D-2
|
CBS/
Bounce TV
|
O&O
|
5
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
WYZZ
|
FOX
|
LSA (8)
|
|
(5)
|
127
|
|
Bakersfield, CA
|
KGET/
KGET-D-2
|
NBC/
The CW
|
O&O
|
4
|
12/1/14
|
|
|
|
KKEY-LP
|
Telemundo
|
O&O
|
|
12/1/14
|
130
|
|
Amarillo, TX
|
KAMR
|
NBC
|
O&O
|
6
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
KCIT
|
FOX
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
KCPN-LP
|
MyNetworkTV
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
136
|
|
Rockford, IL
|
WQRF/
WQRF-D-2
|
FOX/
Bounce TV
|
O&O
|
4
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
WTVO/
WTVO-D-2
|
ABC/
MyNetworkTV
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
137
|
|
Monroe, LA-
El Dorado, AR
|
KARD/
KARD-D-2
|
FOX/
Bounce TV
|
O&O
|
4
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
KTVE
|
NBC
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
Market
Rank (1)
|
|
Market
|
Station
|
Affiliation
|
Status (2)
|
Commercial
Stations in
Market (3)
|
FCC License
Expiration
Date
|
143
|
|
Lubbock, TX
|
KLBK
|
CBS
|
O&O
|
5
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
KAMC/
KAMC-D-2 (15)
|
ABC/
Bounce TV
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
144
|
|
Wichita Falls, TX-
|
KFDX
|
NBC
|
O&O
|
4
|
(5)
|
|
|
Lawton, OK
|
KJTL/
KJTL-D-2 (15)
|
FOX/
Bounce TV
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
KJBO-LP
|
MyNetworkTV
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
147
|
|
Sioux City, IA
|
KCAU/
KCAU-D-2 (11)
|
ABC/
LiveWell
|
LSA (11)
|
4
|
(5)
|
149
|
|
Erie, PA
|
WJET
|
ABC
|
O&O
|
4
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
WFXP
|
FOX
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
150
|
|
Odessa-Midland, TX
|
KMID
|
ABC
|
O&O
|
7
|
(5)
|
152
|
|
Joplin, MO-Pittsburg, KS
|
KSNF
|
NBC
|
O&O
|
4
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
KODE
|
ABC
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
155
|
|
Terre Haute, IN
|
WTWO
|
NBC
|
O&O
|
3
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
WAWV
|
ABC
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
159
|
|
Binghamton, NY
|
WBGH
|
NBC
|
O&O
|
3
|
6/1/15
|
|
|
|
WIVT
|
ABC
|
O&O
|
|
6/1/15
|
165
|
|
Abilene-Sweetwater, TX
|
KTAB (13)
|
CBS
|
O&O
|
4
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
KRBC/
KRBC-D-2 (15)
|
NBC/
Bounce TV
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
168
|
|
Billings, MT
|
KSVI
|
ABC
|
O&O
|
5
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
KHMT
|
FOX
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
171
|
|
Utica, NY
|
WFXV
|
FOX
|
O&O
|
3
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
WPNY-LP
|
MyNetworkTV
|
O&O
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
WUTR
|
ABC
|
LSA (7)
|
|
(5)
|
172
|
|
Dothan, AL
|
WDHN
|
ABC
|
O&O
|
3
|
(5)
|
174
|
|
Elmira, NY
|
WETM
|
NBC
|
O&O
|
3
|
6/1/15
|
176
|
|
Watertown, NY
|
WWTI/
WWTI-D-2
|
ABC/
The CW
|
O&O
|
2
|
6/1/15
|
177
|
|
Jackson, TN
|
WJKT
|
FOX
|
O&O
|
2
|
(5)
|
180
|
|
Marquette, MI
|
WJMN
|
CBS
|
O&O
|
6
|
(5)
|
198
|
|
San Angelo, TX
|
KSAN
|
NBC
|
LSA (7)
|
3
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
KLST
|
CBS
|
O&O
|
|
(5)
|
200
|
|
St. Joseph, MO
|
KQTV
|
ABC
|
O&O
|
1
|
(5)
|
(1)
|
Market rank refers to ranking the size of the Designated Market Area (“DMA”) in which the station is located in relation to other DMAs. Source: Investing in Television Market Report 2013 4th Edition, as published by BIA Financial Network, Inc.
|
(2)
|
O&O refers to stations that we own and operate. LSA, or local service agreement, is the general term we use to refer to a contract under which we provide services utilizing our employees to a station owned and operated by independent third parties. Local service agreements include time brokerage agreements, shared services agreements, joint sales agreements and outsourcing agreements. For further information regarding the LSAs to which we are party, see Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
|
(3)
|
The term “commercial station” means a television broadcast station and excludes non-commercial stations and religious stations, cable program services or networks. Source: Investing in Television Market Report 2013 4th Edition, as published by BIA Financial Network, Inc.
|
(4)
|
Although WHAG is located within the Washington, DC DMA, its signal does not reach the entire Washington, DC metropolitan area. WHAG serves the Hagerstown, MD sub-market within the DMA.
|
(5)
|
Application for renewal of license was submitted timely to the FCC. Under the FCC’s rules, a license expiration date automatically is extended pending review of and action on the renewal application by the FCC.
|
(6)
|
Although Nexstar owns WLYH, this station is programmed by Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc. pursuant to a time brokerage agreement.
|
(7)
|
These stations are owned by Mission.
|
(8)
|
On November 22, 2013, Cunningham Broadcasting Corporation acquired the assets of WYZZ from Sinclair Broadcasting Group, Inc. and became the successor to the outsourcing agreement with Nexstar. Effective January 1, 2014, the outsourcing agreement for WYZZ was extended through December 31, 2017.
|
(9)
|
On January 31, 2013, WTVW became an affiliate of The CW.
|
(10)
|
On March 31, 2013, WFFT became an affiliate of FOX.
|
(11)
|
On September 16, 2013, Nexstar entered into definite agreements to acquire the stations which are projected to close during the first quarter of 2014. These stations are currently programmed by Nexstar pursuant to a time brokerage agreement. On January 1, 2014, the affiliation of WHBF-D-2 with LiveWell was terminated. The affiliation agreement of KCAU-D-2 and WOI-D-2 with LiveWell was extended to January 16, 2015.
|
(12)
|
On January 1, 2014, Nexstar’s two new digital multicast channels, WSYR-D-3 and WFFT-D-2, and Mission’s new digital multicast channel, WTVW-D-2, became affiliates of Bounce TV.
|
(13)
|
On January 27, 2014, KTAB launched a Telemundo digital multicast channel.
|
(14)
|
On January 6, 2014, Nextar’s new digital multicast channel, KTVX-D-2, became an affiliate of Me-TV.
|
(15)
|
The affiliations with Bounce TV ended on December 31, 2013 and the digital multicast channels are no longer utilized.
|
(16)
|
This station is owned by Sinclair Broadcasting Group, Inc. The outsourcing agreement for WUHF was not renewed and terminated on December 31, 2013.
|
Nexstar, Mission and Rocky Creek have also signed agreements to acquire 19 stations in 10 markets from CCA and White Knight, 7 stations in 4 markets from Grant, 6 stations in 2 markets from Gray TV and Excalibur and 2 stations from Stainless. Of these acquisitions, 16 stations are affiliated with FOX, 4 stations with NBC, 4 stations with CBS, 5 stations with MyNetworkTV, 3 stations with the CW, one station with ABC and one station with RTV. The Company is projecting the acquisitions to close in the second quarter of 2014. Refer to Recent Acquisitions for additional information.
Industry Background
Commercial television broadcasting began in the United States on a regular basis in the 1940s. Currently a limited number of channels are available for over-the-air broadcasting in any one geographic area and a license to operate a television station must be granted by the FCC. All television stations in the country are grouped by A.C. Nielsen Company, a national audience measuring service, into 210 generally recognized television markets, known as designated market areas (“DMAs”) that are ranked in size according to various metrics based upon actual or potential audience. Each DMA is an exclusive geographic area consisting of all counties in which the home-market commercial stations receive the greatest percentage of total viewing hours. A.C. Nielsen periodically publishes data on estimated audiences for the television stations in the DMA. The estimates are expressed in terms of a “rating,” which is a station’s percentage of the total potential audience in the market, or a “share,” which is the station’s percentage of the audience actually watching television. A station’s rating in the market can be a factor in determining advertising rates.
Most television stations are affiliated with networks and receive a significant part of their programming, including prime-time hours, from networks. Whether or not a station is affiliated with one of the four major networks (NBC, CBS, FOX or ABC) has a significant impact on the composition of the station’s revenue, expenses and operations. Network programming is provided to the affiliate by the network in exchange for the network’s retention of a substantial majority of the advertising time during network programs. The network then sells this advertising time and retains the revenue. The affiliate retains the revenue from the remaining advertising time it sells during network programs and from advertising time it sells during non-network programs.
Broadcast television stations compete for advertising revenue primarily with other commercial broadcast television stations, cable and satellite television systems, the Internet and, to a lesser extent, with newspapers and radio stations serving the same market. Non-commercial, religious and Spanish-language broadcasting stations in many markets also compete with commercial stations for viewers. In addition, the Internet and other leisure activities may draw viewers away from commercial television stations.
Advertising Sales
General
Television station revenue is primarily derived from the sale of local and national advertising. All network-affiliated stations are required to carry advertising sold by their networks which reduces the amount of advertising time available for sale by stations. Our stations sell the remaining advertising to be inserted in network programming and the advertising in non-network programming, retaining all of the revenue received from these sales. A national syndicated program distributor will often retain a portion of the available advertising time for programming it supplies in exchange for no fees or reduced fees charged to stations for such programming. These programming arrangements are referred to as barter programming.
Advertisers wishing to reach a national audience usually purchase time directly from the networks or advertise nationwide on a case-by-case basis. National advertisers who wish to reach a particular region or local audience often buy advertising time directly from local stations through national advertising sales representative firms. Local businesses purchase advertising time directly from the station’s local sales staff.
Advertising rates are based upon a number of factors, including:
|
•
|
a program’s popularity among the viewers that an advertiser wishes to target;
|
|
•
|
the number of advertisers competing for the available time;
|
|
•
|
the size and the demographic composition of the market served by the station;
|
|
•
|
the availability of alternative advertising media in the market;
|
|
•
|
the effectiveness of the station’s sales force;
|
|
•
|
development of projects, features and programs that tie advertiser messages to programming; and
|
|
•
|
the level of spending commitment made by the advertiser.
|
Advertising rates are also determined by a station’s overall ability to attract viewers in its market area, as well as the station’s ability to attract viewers among particular demographic groups that an advertiser may be targeting. Advertising revenue is positively affected by strong local economies. Conversely, declines in advertising budgets of advertisers, particularly in recessionary periods, adversely affect the broadcast industry and, as a result, may contribute to a decrease in the revenue of broadcast television stations.
Seasonality
Advertising revenue is positively affected by national and regional political election campaigns, and certain events such as the Olympic Games or the Super Bowl. Stations’ advertising revenue is generally highest in the second and fourth quarters of each year, due in part to increases in consumer advertising in the spring and retail advertising in the period leading up to, and including, the holiday season. In addition, advertising revenue is generally higher during even-numbered years when state, congressional and presidential elections occur and advertising is aired during the Olympic Games.
Local Sales
Local advertising time is sold by each station’s local sales staff who call upon advertising agencies and local businesses, which typically include car dealerships, retail stores and restaurants. Compared to revenue from national advertising accounts, revenue from local advertising is generally more stable and more predictable. We seek to attract new advertisers to our television stations and websites and to increase the amount of advertising time sold to existing local advertisers by relying on experienced local sales forces with strong community ties, producing news and other programming with local advertising appeal and sponsoring or co-promoting local events and activities. We place a strong emphasis on the experience of our local sales staff and maintain an on-going training program for sales personnel.
National Sales
National advertising time is sold through national sales representative firms which call upon advertising agencies, whose clients typically include automobile manufacturers and dealer groups, telecommunications companies, fast food franchisers, and national retailers (some of which may advertise locally).
Network Affiliations
Most of the stations that we own and operate, program or provide sales and other services to as of December 31, 2013 are affiliated with a network pursuant to an affiliation agreement, as described below:
|
|
|
|
Station
|
Market
|
Affiliation
|
Expiration
|
WHBF-D-2 (5)
|
Davenport-Rock Island-Moline, IL
|
LiveWell
|
January 2014 (5)
|
KSEE-D-2
|
Fresno-Visalia, CA
|
LATV
|
June 2014
|
WSYR-D-2
|
Syracuse, NY
|
Me-TV
|
September 2014
|
WBGH-CA
|
Binghamton, NY
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
WETM
|
Elmira, NY
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
KAMR
|
Amarillo, TX
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
KTAL
|
Shreveport, LA
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
KARK
|
Little Rock-Pine Bluff, AR
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
KGET
|
Bakersfield, CA
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
WHAG
|
Washington, DC/Hagerstown, MD(3)
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
WBRE
|
Wilkes Barre-Scranton, PA
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
WTWO
|
Terre Haute, IN
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
KFDX
|
Wichita Falls, TX-Lawton, OK
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
KSNF
|
Joplin, MO-Pittsburg, KS
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
KTVE (1)
|
Monroe, LA—El Dorado, AR
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
KSAN (1)
|
San Angelo, TX
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
KRBC (1)
|
Abilene-Sweetwater, TX
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
KNWA
|
Ft. Smith-Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR
|
NBC
|
December 2014
|
KCAU-D-2 (5) |
Sioux City, IA |
LiveWell |
January 2015 |
WOI-D-2 (5)
|
Des Moines-Ames, IA
|
LiveWell
|
January 2015
|
WYOU (1)
|
Wilkes Barre-Scranton, PA
|
CBS
|
June 2015
|
KSEE
|
Fresno-Visalia, CA
|
NBC
|
December 2015
|
WTVW (1)(6)
|
Evansville, IN
|
The CW
|
December 2015
|
WTAJ
|
Johnstown-Altoona, PA
|
CBS
|
May 2016
|
KGPE
|
Fresno-Visalia, CA
|
CBS
|
June 2016
|
KCPN-LP (1)
|
Amarillo, TX
|
MyNetworkTV
|
August 2016
|
KJBO-LP (1)
|
Wichita Falls, TX-Lawton, OK
|
MyNetworkTV
|
August 2016
|
WTVO-D-2 (1)
|
Rockford, IL
|
MyNetworkTV
|
August 2016
|
KARZ
|
Little Rock-Pine Bluff, AR
|
MyNetworkTV
|
August 2016
|
WPNY-LP
|
Utica, NY
|
MyNetworkTV
|
August 2016
|
WCIX
|
Champaign-Springfield-Decatur, IL
|
MyNetworkTV
|
August 2016
|
WLMT-D-2
|
Memphis, TN
|
MyNetworkTV
|
September 2016
|
WCWJ
|
Jacksonville, FL
|
The CW
|
September 2016
|
WLYH (4)
|
Harrisburg-Lancaster-Lebanon-York, PA
|
The CW
|
September 2016
|
KUCW
|
Salt Lake City, UT
|
The CW
|
September 2016
|
WLMT
|
Memphis, TN
|
The CW
|
September 2016
|
KASN (1)
|
Little Rock-Pine Bluff, AR
|
The CW
|
September 2016
|
WWTI-D-2
|
Watertown, NY
|
The CW
|
September 2016
|
KGET-D-2
|
Bakersfield, CA
|
The CW
|
September 2016
|
KARD
|
Monroe, LA-El Dorado, AR
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
KFTA
|
Ft. Smith-Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
WFFF
|
Burlington-Plattsburgh, VT
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
WFFT (6)
|
Ft. Wayne, IND
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
WFXV
|
Utica, NY
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
WJKT
|
Jackson, TN
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
WQRF
|
Rockford, IL
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
KCIT (1)
|
Amarillo, TX
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
WFXP (1)
|
Erie, PA
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
Station
|
Market
|
Affiliation
|
Expiration
|
|
KJTL (1)
|
Wichita Falls, TX-Lawton, OK
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
|
KHMT (1)
|
Billings, MT
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
|
KLRT (1)
|
Little Rock-Pine Bluff, AR
|
FOX
|
December 2016
|
|
WCWJ-D-2
|
Jacksonville, FL
|
Bounce TV
|
August 2017
|
|
KARZ-D-2
|
Little Rock-Pine Bluff, AR
|
Bounce TV
|
August 2017
|
|
WROC-D-2
|
Rochester, NY
|
Bounce TV
|
August 2017
|
|
WMBD-D-2
|
Peoria-Bloomington, IL
|
Bounce TV
|
August 2017
|
|
WQRF-D-2
|
Rockford, IL
|
Bounce TV
|
August 2017
|
|
KARD-D-2
|
Monroe, LA-El Dorado, AR
|
Bounce TV
|
August 2017
|
|
KTVX
|
Salt Lake City, UT
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
|
WATN
|
Memphis, TN
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
|
WSYR (6)
|
Syracuse, NY
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
|
WIVT
|
Binghamton, NY
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
|
WWTI
|
Watertown, NY
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
|
WDHN
|
Dothan, AL
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
|
WJET
|
Erie, PA
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
|
KSVI
|
Billings, MT
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
|
KMID
|
Odessa-Midland, TX
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
|
KQTV
|
St. Joseph, MO
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
|
WAWV (1)
|
Terre Haute, IN
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
|
WTVO (1)
|
Rockford, IL
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
KAMC (1)
|
Lubbock, TX
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
KODE (1)
|
Joplin, MO-Pittsburg, KS
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
WEHT
|
Evansville, Indiana
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
WVNY (1)
|
Burlington-Plattsburgh, VT
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
WOI(5)
|
Des Moines-Ames, IA
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
KCAU(5)
|
Sioux City, IA
|
ABC
|
December 2017
|
WYZZ (2)
|
Peoria-Bloomington, IL
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FOX
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December 2017
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WFRV
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Green Bay-Appleton, WI
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CBS
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December 2018
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WJMN
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Marquette, MI
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CBS
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December 2018
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KLST
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San Angelo, TX
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CBS
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December 2018
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KTAB (7)
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Abilene-Sweetwater, TX
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CBS
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December 2018
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WROC
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Rochester, NY
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CBS
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December 2018
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KOLR (1)
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Springfield, MO
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CBS
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December 2018
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KLBK
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Lubbock, TX
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CBS
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December 2018
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WCIA
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Champaign-Springfield-Decatur, IL
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CBS
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December 2018
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WMBD
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Peoria-Bloomington, IL
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CBS
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December 2018
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WHBF(5)
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Davenport-Rock Island-Moline, IL
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CBS
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December 2018
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KKEY
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Bakersfield, CA
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Telemundo
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December 2018
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(1)
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These stations are owned by Mission, which maintains the network affiliation agreements.
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(2)
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On November 22, 2013, Cunningham Broadcasting Corporation acquired the assets of WYZZ from Sinclair Broadcasting Group, Inc. and became the successor to the outsourcing agreement with Nexstar and the network affiliation agreement with FOX.
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(3)
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Although WHAG is located within the Washington, DC DMA, its signal does not reach the entire Washington, DC metropolitan area. WHAG serves the Hagerstown, MD sub-market within the DMA.
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(4)
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Under a time brokerage agreement, Nexstar allows Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc. to program most of WLYH’s broadcast time, sell its advertising time and retain the advertising revenue generated in exchange for monthly payments to Nexstar.
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(5)
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On September 16, 2013, Nexstar entered into definite agreements to acquire the stations which are projected to close during the first quarter of 2014. These stations are currently programmed by Nexstar pursuant to a time brokerage agreement. On January 1, 2014, the affiliation of WHBF-D-2 with LiveWell was terminated.
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(6)
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On January 1, 2014, Nexstar’s two new digital multicast channels, WSYR-D-3 and WFFT-D-2, and Mission’s new digital multicast channel, WTVW-D-2, became affiliates of Bounce TV.
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(7)
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On January 27, 2014, KTAB launched a Telemundo digital multicast channel.
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Nexstar, Mission and Rocky Creek have also signed agreements to acquire 19 stations in 10 markets from CCA and White Knight, 7 stations in 4 markets from Grant, 6 stations in 2 markets from Gray TV and Excalibur and 2 stations from Stainless. Of these acquisitions, 16 stations are affiliated with FOX, 4 stations with NBC, 4 stations with CBS, 5 stations with MyNetworkTV, 3 stations with the CW, one station with ABC and one station with RTV. The Company is projecting the acquisitions to close in the second quarter of 2014. Refer to Recent Acquisitions for additional information.
Each affiliation agreement provides the affiliated station with the right to broadcast all programs transmitted by the network with which it is affiliated. In exchange, the network has the right to sell a substantial majority of the advertising time during these broadcasts. We expect the network affiliation agreements listed above to be renewed upon expiration.
Competition
Competition in the television industry takes place on several levels: competition for audience, competition for programming and competition for advertising.
Audience. We compete for audience share specifically on the basis of program popularity. The popularity of a station’s programming has a direct effect on the advertising rates it can charge its advertisers. A portion of the daily programming on the stations that we own or provide services to is supplied by the network with which each station is affiliated. In those periods, the stations are dependent upon the performance of the network programs in attracting viewers. Stations program non-network time periods with a combination of self-produced news, public affairs and other entertainment programming, including movies and syndicated programs. The major television networks have also begun to sell their programming directly to the consumer via portable digital devices such as tablets and cell phones, which presents an additional source of competition for television broadcaster audience share. Other sources of competition for audience include home entertainment systems (such as VCRs, DVDs and DVRs), video-on-demand and pay-per-view, the Internet (including network distribution of programming through websites) and gaming devices.
Although the commercial television broadcast industry historically has been dominated by the ABC, NBC, CBS and FOX television networks, other newer television networks and the growth in popularity of subscription systems, such as local cable and direct broadcast satellite (“DBS”) systems which air exclusive programming not otherwise available in a market, have become significant competitors for the over-the-air television audience.
Programming. Competition for programming involves negotiating with national program distributors or syndicators that sell first-run and rerun packages of programming. Stations compete against in-market broadcast station operators for exclusive access to off-network reruns (such as Two and a Half Men) and first-run product (such as Entertainment Tonight) in their respective markets. Cable systems generally do not compete with local stations for programming, although various national cable networks from time to time have acquired programs that would have otherwise been offered to local television stations. Time Warner, Inc., Comcast Corporation, Viacom Inc., The News Corporation Limited and the Walt Disney Company each owns a television network and also owns or controls major production studios, which are the primary source of programming for the networks. It is uncertain whether in the future such programming, which is generally subject to short-term agreements between the studios and the networks, will be moved to the networks. Television broadcasters also compete for non-network programming unique to the markets they serve. As such, stations strive to provide exclusive news stories and unique features such as investigative reporting and coverage of community events and to secure broadcast rights for regional and local sporting events.
Advertising. Stations compete for advertising revenue with other television stations in their respective markets and other advertising media such as newspapers, radio stations, magazines, outdoor advertising, transit advertising, yellow page directories, direct mail, local cable systems, DBS systems and the Internet. Competition for advertising dollars in the broadcasting industry occurs primarily within individual markets. Generally, a television broadcast station in a particular market does not compete with stations in other market areas.
The broadcasting industry is continually faced with technological change and innovation which increase the popularity of competing entertainment and communications media. Further advances in technology may increase competition for household audiences and advertisers. The increased use of digital technology by cable systems and DBS, along with video compression techniques, will reduce the bandwidth required for television signal transmission. These technological developments are applicable to all video delivery systems, including over-the-air broadcasting, and have the potential to provide vastly expanded programming to highly targeted audiences. Reductions in the cost of creating additional channel capacity could lower entry barriers for new channels and encourage the development of increasingly specialized “niche” programming. This ability to reach very narrowly defined audiences is expected to alter the competitive dynamics for advertising expenditures. We are unable to predict the effect that these or other technological changes will have on the broadcast television industry or on the future results of our operations or the operations of the stations to which we provide services.
Federal Regulation
Television broadcasting is subject to the jurisdiction of the FCC under the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (“the Communications Act”). The following is a brief discussion of certain (but not all) provisions of the Communications Act and the FCC’s regulations and policies that affect the business operations of television broadcast stations. Over the years, Congress and the FCC have added, amended and deleted statutory and regulatory requirements to which station owners are subject. Some of these changes have a minimal business impact whereas others may significantly affect the business or operation of individual stations or the broadcast industry as a whole. For more information about the nature and extent of FCC regulation of television broadcast stations, you should refer to the Communications Act and the FCC’s rules, case precedent, public notices and policies.
License Grant and Renewal. The Communications Act prohibits the operation of broadcast stations except under licenses issued by the FCC. Television broadcast licenses are granted for a maximum term of eight years and are subject to renewal upon application to the FCC. The FCC is required to grant an application for license renewal if during the preceding term the station served the public interest, the licensee did not commit any serious violations of the Communications Act or the FCC’s rules, and the licensee committed no other violations of the Communications Act or the FCC’s rules which, taken together, would constitute a pattern of abuse. A majority of renewal applications are routinely granted under this standard. If a licensee fails to meet this standard the FCC may still grant renewal on terms and conditions that it deems appropriate, including a monetary forfeiture or renewal for a term less than the normal eight-year period.
After a renewal application is filed, interested parties, including members of the public, may file petitions to deny the application, to which the licensee/renewal applicant is entitled to respond. After reviewing the pleadings, if the FCC determines that there is a substantial and material question of fact whether grant of the renewal application would serve the public interest, the FCC is required to hold a trial-type hearing on the issues presented. If, after the hearing, the FCC determines that the renewal applicant has met the renewal standard, the FCC will grant the renewal application. If the licensee/renewal applicant fails to meet the renewal standard or show that there are mitigating factors entitling it to renewal subject to appropriate sanctions, the FCC can deny the renewal application. In the vast majority of cases where a petition to deny is filed against a renewal application, the FCC ultimately grants the renewal without a hearing. No competing application for authority to operate a station and replace the incumbent licensee may be filed against a renewal application.
In addition to considering rule violations in connection with a license renewal application, the FCC may sanction a station licensee for failing to observe FCC rules and policies during the license term, including the imposition of a monetary forfeiture.
Under the Communications Act, the term of a broadcast license is automatically extended during the pendency of the FCC’s processing of a timely renewal application.
Station Transfer. The Communications Act prohibits the assignment or the transfer of control of a broadcast license without prior FCC approval.
Ownership Restrictions. The Communications Act limits the extent of non-U.S. ownership of companies that own U.S. broadcast stations. Under this restriction, the holder of a U.S. broadcast license may have no more than 20% non-U.S. ownership (by vote and by equity). The Communications Act prohibits more than 25% indirect foreign ownership or control of a licensee through a parent company if the FCC determines the public interest will be served by such restriction. The FCC has interpreted this provision of the Communications Act to require an affirmative public interest finding before indirect foreign ownership of a broadcast licensee may exceed 25%, and historically the FCC has made such an affirmative finding only in limited circumstances. In November 2013, the FCC clarified that it would entertain and authorize, on a case-by-case basis and upon a sufficient public interest showing, proposals to exceed the 25% indirect foreign ownership limit in broadcast licensees.
The FCC also has rules which establish limits on the ownership of broadcast stations. These ownership limits apply to attributable interests in a station licensee held by an individual, corporation, partnership or other entity. In the case of corporations, officers, directors and voting stock interests of 5% or more (20% or more in the case of qualified investment companies, such as insurance companies and bank trust departments) are considered attributable interests. For partnerships, all general partners and non-insulated limited partners are attributable. Limited liability companies are treated the same as partnerships. The FCC also considers attributable the holder of more than 33% of a licensee’s total assets (defined as total debt plus total equity), if that person or entity also provides over 15% of the station’s total weekly broadcast programming or has an attributable interest in another media entity in the same market which is subject to the FCC’s ownership rules, such as a radio or television station or daily newspaper. If a shareholder of Nexstar holds a voting stock interest of 5% or more (20% or more in the case of qualified investment companies, such as insurance companies and bank trust departments), we must report that shareholder, its parent entities, and attributable individuals and entities of both, as attributable interest holders in Nexstar.
Two of Nexstar’s directors also currently serve on the board of directors of Radio One, Inc., which owns and operates approximately 50 radio stations in 16 markets. The FCC considers the markets Radio One, Inc. participates in as attributable to Nexstar, due to this common director relationship.
Local Television Ownership (Duopoly Rule). Under the current local television ownership, or “duopoly,” rule, a single entity is allowed to own or have attributable interests in two television stations in a market if (1) the two stations do not have overlapping service areas, or (2) after the combination there are at least eight independently owned and operating full-power television stations in the DMA with overlapping service contours and one of the combining stations is not ranked among the top four stations in the DMA. The duopoly rule allows the FCC to consider waivers to permit the ownership of a second station only in cases where the second station has failed or is failing or unbuilt.
Under the duopoly rule, the FCC attributes toward the local television ownership limits another in-market station when one station owner programs that station pursuant to a time brokerage or local marketing agreement, if the programmer provides more than 15% of the second station’s weekly broadcast programming. However, local marketing agreements entered into prior to November 5, 1996 are exempt attributable interests until the FCC determines otherwise. This “grandfathering,” when reviewed by the FCC, is subject to possible extension or termination.
In certain markets, we and Mission own and operate both full-power and low-power television broadcast stations (in Utica, Nexstar owns and operates WFXV and WPNY-LP; in Binghamton, Nexstar owns and operates WIVT and WBGH-CA; in Bakersfield, Nexstar owns and operates KGET and KKEY-LP; in Wichita Falls, Mission owns and operates KJTL and KJBO-LP; and in Amarillo, Mission owns and operates KCIT and KCPN-LP). The FCC’s duopoly rules and policies regarding ownership of television stations in the same market apply only to full-power television stations and not low-power television stations such as WPNY-LP, WBGH-CA, KKEY-LP, KJBO-LP and KCPN-LP.
The only markets in which we or Mission currently are permitted to own two stations under the duopoly rule are Fresno, California, Salt Lake City, Utah, Memphis, Tennessee, Champaign-Springfield-Decatur, Illinois and Little Rock-Pine Bluff, Arkansas. However, we also are permitted to own two stations in the Fort Smith-Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, Arkansas market pursuant to a waiver under the FCC’s rules permitting common ownership of a “satellite” television station in a market where a licensee also owns the “primary” station.
In all of the markets where we have entered into local service agreements, except for two, we provide programming comprising less than 15% of the second station’s programming and, therefore, we are not attributed with ownership of the second station. In the two markets where we provide more programming to the second station—WFXP in Erie, Pennsylvania and KHMT in Billings, Montana—the local marketing agreements were entered into prior to November 5, 1996 and are considered grandfathered. Therefore, we may continue to program these stations under the terms of these agreements until the FCC determines otherwise.
National Television Ownership. There is no nationwide limit on the number of television stations which a party may own. However, the FCC’s rules limit the percentage of U.S. television households which a party may reach through its attributable interests in television stations. This rule provides that when calculating a party’s nationwide aggregate audience coverage, the ownership of a UHF station is counted as 50% of a market’s percentage of total national audience. In 2004, Congress determined that one party may have an attributable interest in television stations which reach, in the aggregate, 39% of all U.S. television households; and the FCC thereafter modified its corresponding rule. The FCC currently is considering whether this act has any impact on the FCC’s authority to examine and modify the UHF discount. In September 2013, the FCC issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to consider whether the UHF discount should be eliminated and/or whether a VHF discount should be implemented.
The stations that Nexstar owns have a combined national audience reach of 7.4% of television households with the UHF discount.
Radio/Television Cross-Ownership Rule (One-to-a-Market Rule). In markets with at least 20 independently owned media “voices,” ownership of one television station and up to seven radio stations, or two television stations (if allowed under the television duopoly rule) and six radio stations is permitted. If the number of independently owned media “voices” is fewer than 20 but greater than or equal to 10, ownership of one television station (or two if allowed) and four radio stations is permitted. In markets with fewer than 10 independent media “voices,” ownership of one television station (or two if allowed) and one radio station is permitted. In calculating the number of independent media “voices” in a market, the FCC includes all radio and television stations, independently owned cable systems (counted as one voice), and independently owned daily newspapers which have circulation that exceeds 5% of the households in the market. In all cases, the television and radio components of the combination must also comply, respectively, with the local television ownership rule and the local radio ownership rule.
Two of Nexstar’s directors also currently serve on the board of directors of Radio One, Inc., which owns and operates approximately 50 radio stations in 16 markets. The FCC considers the markets Radio One, Inc. participates in as attributable to Nexstar, due to this common director relationship.
Local Television/Newspaper Cross-Ownership Rule. Under this rule, a party is prohibited from having an attributable interest in a television station and a daily newspaper in the same market.
The FCC is required to review its media ownership rules every four years to eliminate those rules it finds no longer serve the “public interest, convenience and necessity.” During 2009, the FCC held a series of hearings designed to evaluate possible changes to its rules. In May 2010, the FCC formally initiated its 2010 review of its media ownership rules with the issuance of a Notice of Inquiry (NOI). In December 2011, the FCC issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) seeking comment on specific proposed changes to its ownership rules. Among the specific changes proposed in the NPRM are (1) elimination of the contour overlap provision of the local television ownership rule (making the rule entirely DMA-based), (2) elimination of the radio/television cross-ownership rule and (3) modest relaxation of the newspaper/broadcast cross-ownership rule. The NPRM also seeks comment on shared services agreements (SSAs) and other joint operating arrangements between television stations, and whether such agreements should be considered attributable. Initial comments on the NPRM were filed on March 5, 2012, and reply comments were filed in April 2012. The FCC may act in this proceeding in 2014 or may defer some or all aspects of the proceeding until its next quadrennial review, which we anticipate will commence in 2014. We cannot predict what rules the FCC will adopt; however, the FCC may deem television JSAs or SSAs to be attributable ownership interests and require the termination of existing JSAs or SSAs within a specified period of time if the newly attributable JSAs or SSAs do not comply with the local television ownership limits.
Local Television/Cable Cross-Ownership. There is no FCC rule prohibiting common ownership of a cable television system and a television broadcast station in the same area.
Cable and Satellite Carriage of Local Television Signals. Broadcasters may obtain carriage of their stations’ signals on cable, satellite and other multichannel video programming distributors (“MVPDs”) through either mandatory carriage or through “retransmission consent.” Every three years all stations must formally elect either mandatory carriage (“must-carry” for cable distributors and “carry one-carry all” for satellite television providers) or retransmission consent. The next election must be made by October 1, 2014, and will be effective January 1, 2015. Must-carry elections require that the MVPD carry one station programming stream and related data in the station’s local market. However, MVPDs may decline a must-carry election in certain circumstances. MVPDs do not pay a fee to stations that elect mandatory carriage.
A broadcaster that elects retransmission consent waives its mandatory carriage rights, and the broadcaster and the MVPD must negotiate in good faith for carriage of the station’s signal. Negotiated terms may include channel position, service tier carriage, carriage of multiple program streams, compensation and other consideration. If a broadcaster elects to negotiate retransmission terms, it is possible that the broadcaster and the MVPD will not reach agreement and that the MVPD will not carry the station’s signal.
MVPD operators are actively seeking to change the regulations under which retransmission consent is negotiated before both the U.S. Congress and the FCC in order to increase their bargaining leverage with television stations. On March 3, 2011, the FCC initiated a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to reexamine its rules (i) governing the requirements for good faith negotiations between MVPDs and broadcasters, including implementing a prohibition on one station negotiating retransmission consent terms for another station under a local service agreement; (ii) for providing advance notice to consumers in the event of dispute; and (iii) to extend certain cable-only obligations to all MVPDs. The FCC has also asked for comment on eliminating the network non-duplication and syndicated exclusivity protection rules, which may permit MVPDs to import out-of-market television stations during a retransmission consent dispute.
The FCC’s rules also govern which local television signals a satellite subscriber may receive. Congress and the FCC have also imposed certain requirements relating to satellite distribution of local television signals to “unserved” households that do not receive a useable signal from a local network-affiliated station and to cable and satellite carriage of out-of-market signals.
In addition, certain online video distributors and other over-the-top video distributors (“OTTDs”) have begun streaming broadcast programming over the Internet without the consent of the broadcast station. In two cases, a federal district court issued a preliminary injunction enjoining an OTTD from streaming broadcast programming because the court concluded that the OTTD was unlikely to demonstrate that it was eligible for the statutory copyright license that provides MVPDs with the copyrights to retransmit broadcast programming. In another case, a preliminary injunction against another entity providing access to broadcast programming over the Internet was denied. There, the federal district court concluded that the OTTD was likely to prevail in demonstrating that its operations are not a copyright violation. The U.S. Supreme Court has granted certiorari and will hear oral arguments with respect to the differing lower court interpretations in April 2014. In 2010, the FCC’s Media Bureau, in a program access proceeding, tentatively concluded that one OTTD had not shown that it was an MVPD for purposes of demonstrating eligibility for the program access rules, and in March 2012, the FCC, recognizing that the classification could also have implications under the retransmission consent requirements, issued a public notice seeking comment on, among other things, the proper interpretation of the term “MVPD” under FCC rules. We cannot predict the outcome of the pending litigation or of the FCC’s interpretive proceedings. However, if the courts determine that consent of the broadcast station or copyright owners is not required and/or if the FCC determines that an OTTD is not an MVPD, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
We and Mission elected to exercise retransmission consent rights for all of our stations where we have a legal right to do so. We and Mission have negotiated retransmission consent agreements with the majority of the MVPDs serving our markets to carry the stations’ signals; however, we and Mission intend to enter into negotiations for new agreements with the majority of the MVPDs which carry our stations during the fourth quarter of 2014.
Programming and Operation. The Communications Act requires broadcasters to serve “the public interest.” Since the late 1970s, the FCC gradually has relaxed or eliminated many of the more formalized procedures it had developed to promote the broadcast of certain types of programming responsive to the needs of a station’s community of license. However, television station licensees are still required to present programming that is responsive to community problems, needs and interests and to maintain certain records demonstrating such responsiveness. The FCC may consider complaints from viewers concerning programming when it evaluates a station’s license renewal application, although viewer complaints also may be filed and considered by the FCC at any time. Stations also must follow various rules promulgated under the Communications Act that regulate, among other things:
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political advertising (its price and availability);
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sponsorship identification;
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contest and lottery advertising;
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obscene and indecent broadcasts;
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technical operations, including limits on radio frequency radiation;
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discrimination and equal employment opportunities;
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closed captioning and video description;
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children’s programming;
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program ratings guidelines; and
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network affiliation agreements.
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Technical Regulation. FCC rules govern the technical operating parameters of television stations, including permissible operating channel, power and antenna height and interference protections between stations. Under various FCC rules and procedures, full power television stations completed the transition from analog to digital television (DTV) broadcasting in June 2009. The FCC has adopted rules with respect to the final conversion of existing low power and television translator stations to digital operation, establishing a September 1, 2015 deadline by which low power and television translator stations must cease analog operation.
Employees
As of December 31, 2013, we and Mission had a total of 3,222 employees, comprised of 2,854 full-time and 368 part-time employees. As of December 31, 2013, 278 of our employees were covered by collective bargaining agreements. We believe that our employee relations are satisfactory, and we have not experienced any work stoppages at any of our facilities. However, we cannot assure you that our collective bargaining agreements will be renewed in the future, or that we will not experience a prolonged labor dispute, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we are involved in litigation that arises from the ordinary operations of business, such as contractual or employment disputes or other general actions. In the event of an adverse outcome of these proceedings, we believe the resulting liabilities would not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
Available Information
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any reports, statements and other information filed by us at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549-0102. Please call (800) SEC-0330 for further information on the Public Reference Room. The SEC maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers, including us, that file electronically with the SEC. The address for the SEC’s website is http://www.sec.gov. Due to the availability of our filings on the SEC website, we do not currently make available our filings on our Internet website. Upon request, we will provide copies of our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and any other filings with the SEC. Requests can be sent to Nexstar Broadcasting Group, Inc., Attn: Investor Relations, 545 E. John Carpenter Freeway, Suite 700, Irving, TX 75062. Additional information about us, our stations and the stations we program or provide services to can be found on our website at www.nexstar.tv. We do not incorporate the information contained on or accessible through our corporate web site into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the following risk factors, which we believe are the most significant risks related to our business, as well as the other information contained in this document.
Risks Related to Our Operations
General trends in the television industry could adversely affect demand for television advertising as consumers flock to alternative media, including the Internet, for entertainment.
Television viewing among consumers has been negatively impacted by the increasing availability of alternative media, including the Internet. As a result, in recent years demand for television advertising has been declining and demand for advertising in alternative media has been increasing, and we expect this trend to continue.
The networks may stream their programming on the Internet and other distribution platforms simultaneously with, or in close proximity to, network programming broadcast on local television stations, including those we own or provide services to. These and other practices by the networks dilute the exclusivity and value of network programming originally broadcast by the local stations and may adversely affect the business, financial condition and results of operations of our stations.
The Company had history of net losses in prior years.
The Company had a net loss of $1.8 million in 2013 and $11.9 million in 2011. The Company may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in future years.
Our substantial debt could limit our ability to grow and compete.
As of December 31, 2013, we and Mission had $1.1 billion of debt, which represented 101.3% of our and Mission’s total combined capitalization. The companies’ high level of debt could have important consequences to our business. For example, it could:
• limit our ability to borrow additional funds or obtain additional financing in the future;
• limit our ability to pursue acquisition opportunities;
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expose us to greater interest rate risk since the interest rate on borrowings under the senior secured credit facilities is variable;
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• limit our flexibility to plan for and react to changes in our business and our industry; and
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impair our ability to withstand a general downturn in our business and place us at a disadvantage compared to our competitors that are less leveraged.
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See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Contractual Obligations” for disclosure of the approximate aggregate amount of principal indebtedness scheduled to mature.
We and Mission could also incur additional debt in the future. The terms of our and Mission’s senior secured credit facilities, as well as the indenture governing our 6.875% Senior Unsecured Notes (“6.875% Notes”), limit, but do not prohibit us or Mission from incurring substantial amounts of additional debt. To the extent we or Mission incur additional debt we would become even more susceptible to the leverage-related risks described above.
The agreements governing the Company’s debt contain various covenants that limit management’s discretion in the operation of our business.
The senior secured credit facilities and the indenture governing the 6.875% Notes contains various covenants that restrict our ability to, among other things:
• incur additional debt and issue preferred stock;
• pay dividends and make other distributions;
• make investments and other restricted payments;
• make acquisitions;
• merge, consolidate or transfer all or substantially all of our assets;
• enter into sale and leaseback transactions;
• create liens;
• sell assets or stock of our subsidiaries; and
• enter into transactions with affiliates.
In addition, our and Mission’s senior secured credit facilities require us to maintain or meet certain financial ratios, including maximum total and first-lien leverage ratios and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. Future financing agreements may contain similar, or even more restrictive, provisions and covenants. As a result of these restrictions and covenants, management’s ability to operate our business at its discretion is limited, and we may be unable to compete effectively, pursue acquisitions or take advantage of new business opportunities, any of which could harm our business.
If we fail to comply with the restrictions in present or future financing agreements, a default may occur. A default could allow creditors to accelerate the related debt as well as any other debt to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. A default could also allow creditors to foreclose on any collateral securing such debt.
The credit agreement governing Nexstar’s obligations under its senior secured credit facility contains covenants that require us to comply with certain financial ratios, including maximum total and first-lien ratios and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. The covenants, which are calculated on a quarterly basis, include the combined results of Nexstar and Mission. The credit agreement governing Mission’s obligations under its senior secured credit facility does not contain financial covenant ratio requirements; however, it includes an event of default if Nexstar does not comply with all covenants contained in the credit agreement governing its senior secured credit facilities. The indenture governing the 6.875% Notes contains restrictive covenants customary for borrowing arrangements of this type.
We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flow to meet our debt service requirements.
Our ability to service our debt depends on our ability to generate the necessary cash flow. Generation of the necessary cash flow is partially subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other factors that are beyond our control. We cannot assure you that our business will generate cash flow from operations, that future borrowings will be available to us under our current or any replacement credit facilities, or that we will be able to complete any necessary financings, in amounts sufficient to enable us to fund our operations or pay our debts and other obligations, or to fund our liquidity needs. If we are not able to generate sufficient cash flow to service our debt obligations, we may need to refinance or restructure our debt, sell assets, reduce or delay capital investments, or seek to raise additional capital. Additional financing may not be available in sufficient amounts, at times or on terms acceptable to us, or at all. If we are unable to meet our debt service obligations our lenders may determine to stop making loans to us, and/or our lenders or other holders of our debt could accelerate and declare due all outstanding obligations due under the respective agreements, all of which could have a material adverse effect on us.
Mission may make decisions regarding the operation of its stations that could reduce the amount of cash we receive under our local service agreements.
Mission is 100% owned by independent third parties. Mission owns and operates 20 television stations as of December 31, 2013. Mission has also signed agreements to acquire 12 stations from various sellers subject to regulatory consent. We have entered into local service agreements with Mission, pursuant to which we provide services to Mission’s stations. In return for the services we provide, we receive substantially all of Mission’s available cash, after satisfaction of its operating costs and debt obligations. We also guarantee all of the obligations incurred under Mission’s senior secured credit facility, which were incurred primarily in connection with Mission’s acquisition of its stations.
Mission’s fourth amended and restated credit agreement with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent, UBS Securities LLC, as syndication agent, joint lead arranger and joint book manager, RBC Capital Markets, as documentation agent, joint lead arranger and joint book manager, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, as joint lead arranger and joint book manager, and a syndicate of other lenders, provides for a first-lien credit facility (the “Mission Facilities”). As of December 31, 2013, the Mission Facilities consist of a $232.5 million term loan, unused incremental term loan facility of $90.0 million and a $30.0 million revolving credit facility. We guarantee all of the obligations incurred under the Mission Facilities, which were incurred primarily in connection with Mission’s station acquisitions.
Mission has granted to us purchase options to acquire the assets and assume the liabilities of each Mission station, subject to FCC consent, for consideration equal to the greater of (i) seven times the station’s cash flow, as defined in the option agreement, less the amount of its indebtedness as defined in the option agreement or (ii) the amount of its indebtedness. Additionally, Mission’s shareholders have granted Nexstar an option to purchase any or all of Mission’s stock, subject to FCC consent, for a price equal to the pro rata portion of the greater of (i) five times the stations’ cash flow, as defined in the option agreement, reduced by the amount of indebtedness, as defined in the option agreement, or (ii) $100,000.
We do not own Mission or its television stations. However, we are deemed under U.S. GAAP to have a controlling financial interest in Mission because of (1) the local service agreements Nexstar has with the Mission stations, (2) Nexstar’s guarantee of the obligations incurred under the Mission Facilities, (3) Nexstar having power over significant activities affecting Mission’s economic performance, including budgeting for advertising revenue, advertising sales and hiring and firing of sales force personnel and (4) purchase options granted by Mission that permit Nexstar to acquire the assets and assume the liabilities of each Mission station, subject to FCC consent.
In compliance with FCC regulations for both us and Mission, Mission maintains complete responsibility for and control over programming, finances and personnel for its stations. As a result, Mission’s board of directors and officers can make decisions with which we disagree and which could reduce the cash flow generated by these stations and, as a consequence, the amounts we receive under our local service agreements with Mission. For instance, Mission may decide to obtain and broadcast programming which, in our opinion, would prove unpopular and/or would generate less advertising revenue. Furthermore, subject to Mission’s agreement with its lenders, Mission’s board of directors, comprised solely of shareholders, could choose to pay themselves a dividend.
The recording of deferred tax asset valuation allowances in the future or the impact of tax law changes on such deferred tax assets could affect our operating results.
We and Mission currently have significant net deferred tax assets resulting from tax credit carryforwards, net operating losses and other deductible temporary differences that are available to reduce taxable income in future periods. Based on our assessment of our deferred tax assets, we determined that as of December 31, 2013, based on projected future income, approximately $148.5 million of our deferred tax assets will more likely than not be realized in the future, and no valuation allowance is currently required for this portion of our deferred tax assets. Should we determine in the future that these assets will not be realized, we and Mission will be required to record a valuation allowance in connection with these deferred tax assets and our operating results would be adversely affected in the period such determination is made. In addition, tax law changes could negatively impact our deferred tax assets.
Our ability to use net operating loss carry-forwards (“NOLs”) to reduce future tax payments may be limited if taxable income does not reach sufficient levels or there is a change in ownership of Nexstar.
At December 31, 2013, we had NOLs of approximately $408.6 million for U.S. federal tax purposes and $95.2 million for state tax purposes. These NOLs expire at varying dates beginning 2018 through 2033. To the extent available, we intend to use these NOLs to reduce the corporate income tax liability associated with our operations. Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 ("Section 382"), generally imposes an annual limitation on the amount of NOLs that may be used to offset taxable income when a corporation has undergone significant changes in stock ownership. In general, an ownership change, as defined by Section 382, results from a transaction or series of transactions over a three-year period resulting in an ownership change of more than 50 percentage points of the outstanding stock of a company by certain stockholders or public groups, which are generally outside of our control.
On May 7, 2013, ABRY sold the remainder of its common stock holdings in Nexstar and no longer holds an ownership interest in us. As a result of this sale, an ownership change has occurred resulting in a Section 382 limitation on the use of Nexstar’s NOLs. Additionally, any subsequent ownership changes in us or Mission could result in additional limitations.
The ability to use NOLs is also dependent upon our ability to generate taxable income. The NOLs could expire before we generate sufficient taxable income to use them. To the extent our use of NOLs is significantly limited, our income could be subject to corporate income tax earlier than it would if we were able to use NOLs, which could have a negative effect on our financial results and operations. Changes in ownership are largely beyond our control and we can give no assurance that we will continue to have realizable NOLs.
The revenue generated by stations we operate or provide services to could decline substantially if they fail to maintain or renew their network affiliation agreements on favorable terms, or at all.
Due to the quality of the programming provided by the networks, stations that are affiliated with a network generally have higher ratings than unaffiliated independent stations in the same market. As a result, it is important for stations to maintain their network affiliations. Most of the stations that we operate or provide services to have network affiliation agreements. As of December 31, 2013, 19 stations have primary affiliation agreements with ABC, 16 with NBC, 14 with FOX, 13 with CBS, 6 with The CW, 5 with MyNetworkTV, and 1 with Telemundo. Additionally, 18 of the stations have secondary affiliation agreements – 9 with Bounce TV, 3 with LiveWell, 2 with MyNetworkTV, 2 with The CW, 1 with Me-TV and 1 with LATV. Each of ABC, NBC and CBS generally provides affiliated stations with up to 22 hours of prime time programming per week, while each of FOX, MyNetworkTV and The CW provides affiliated stations with up to 15 hours of prime time programming per week. In return, affiliated stations broadcast the respective network’s commercials during the network programming.
All of the network affiliation agreements of the stations that we own, operate, program or provide sales and other services to are scheduled to expire at various times through December 2018. In order to renew certain of our affiliation agreements we may be required to make cash payments to the network and to accept other material modifications of existing affiliation agreements. If any of our stations cease to maintain affiliation agreements with networks for any reason, we would need to find alternative sources of programming, which may be less attractive to our audiences and more expensive to obtain. In addition, a loss of a specific network affiliation for a station may affect our retransmission consent payments resulting in us receiving less retransmission consent fees. Further, some of our network affiliation agreements are subject to earlier termination by the networks under specified circumstances.
For more information regarding these network affiliation agreements, see “Business—Network Affiliations.”
The loss of or material reduction in retransmission consent revenues or a regulatory change in the current retransmission consent regulations could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Nexstar’s retransmission consent agreements with cable operators, DBS systems, and others permit the operators to retransmit our stations’ signals to their subscribers in exchange for the payment of compensation to us from the system operators as consideration. Our retransmission consent agreements expire at various times with a large number of agreements set to expire during 2014. If we are unable to renegotiate these agreements on favorable terms, or at all, the failure to do so could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The television networks have taken the position that they, as the owners or licensees of programming we broadcast and provide for retransmission, are entitled to a portion of the compensation we receive under the retransmission consent agreements and are including provisions for these payments to them in their network affiliation agreements. In addition, our affiliation agreements with some broadcast networks include certain terms that may affect our ability to allow MVPDs to retransmit network programming, and in some cases, we may lose the right to grant retransmission consent to such providers. Inclusion of these or similar provisions in our network affiliation agreements could materially reduce this revenue source to Nexstar and could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
In addition, system operators are actively seeking to change the regulations under which retransmission consent is negotiated before both the U.S. Congress and the FCC in order to increase their bargaining leverage with television stations. On March 3, 2011, the FCC initiated a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to reexamine its rules (1) governing the requirements for good faith negotiations between MVPDs and broadcasters, including implementing a prohibition on one station negotiating retransmission consent terms for another station under a local service agreement; (2) for providing advance notice to consumers in the event of dispute; and (3) to extend certain cable-only obligations to all MVPDs. The FCC also asked for comment on eliminating the network non-duplication and syndicated exclusivity protection rules, which may permit MVPDs to import out-of-market television stations during a retransmission consent dispute. If the FCC prohibits joint negotiations or modifies the network non-duplication and syndicated exclusivity protection rules, such changes could materially reduce this revenue source and could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Further, certain online video distributors and other over-the-top video distributors (“OTTDs”) have begun streaming broadcast programming over the Internet without the consent of the broadcast station. In two cases, a federal district court issued a preliminary injunction enjoining an OTTD from streaming broadcast programming because the court concluded that the OTTD was unlikely to demonstrate that it was eligible for the statutory copyright license that provides MVPDs with the copyrights to retransmit broadcast programming. In another case, a preliminary injunction against another entity providing access to broadcast programming over the Internet was denied. There, the federal district court concluded that the OTTD was likely to prevail in demonstrating that its operations are not a copyright violation. The U.S. Supreme Court has granted certiorari and will hear oral arguments with respect to the differing lower court interpretations in April 2014. In 2010, the FCC’s Media Bureau, in a program access proceeding, tentatively concluded that one OTTD had not shown that it was an MVPD for purposes of demonstrating eligibility for the program access rules, and in March 2012, the FCC, recognizing that the classification could also have implications under the retransmission consent requirements, issued a public notice seeking comment on, among other things, the proper interpretation of the term “MVPD” under FCC rules. We cannot predict the outcome of the pending litigation or of the FCC’s interpretive proceedings. However, if the courts determine that consent of the broadcast station or copyright owners is not required and/or if the FCC determines that an OTTD is not an MVPD, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
The FCC could decide not to grant renewal of the FCC license of any of the stations we operate or provide services to which would require that station to cease operations.
Television broadcast licenses are granted for a maximum term of eight years and are subject to renewal upon application to the FCC. The FCC is required to grant an application for license renewal if, during the preceding term, the station served the public interest, the licensee did not commit any serious violations of the Communications Act or the FCC’s rules, and the licensee committed no other violations of the Communications Act or the FCC’s rules which, taken together, would constitute a pattern of abuse. A majority of renewal applications are routinely granted under this standard. If a licensee fails to meet this standard the FCC may still grant renewal on terms and conditions that it deems appropriate, including a monetary forfeiture or renewal for a term less than the normal eight-year period. However, in an extreme case, the FCC may deny a station’s license renewal application, resulting in termination of the station’s authority to broadcast. Under the Communications Act, the term of a broadcast license is automatically extended during the pendency of the FCC’s processing of a timely renewal application.
On October 26, 2005, the Director of the Central Illinois Chapter of the Parents Television Council (“PTC”) submitted an informal objection to the application for renewal of license for Nexstar’s station WCIA in Champaign, Illinois, requesting the FCC withhold action on WCIA’s license renewal application until the FCC acts on the PTC’s complaint regarding an allegedly indecent broadcast on WCIA.
On January 3, 2006, Cable America Corporation submitted a petition to deny the applications for renewal of license for Nexstar’s station KOZL and Mission’s station KOLR, both licensed to Springfield, Missouri. Cable America alleged that Nexstar’s local service agreements with Mission give Nexstar improper control over Mission’s operations. Nexstar and Mission submitted a joint opposition to this petition to deny and Cable America submitted a reply. Cable America subsequently requested that the FCC dismiss its petition. However, the petition remains pending with the FCC.
On December 31, 2013, an individual filed an informal objection with the FCC with respect to the application for renewal of the license of Nexstar station KSNF in Joplin, Missouri. This individual alleges that KSNF interrupted a network program with local programming sometime between 2007 and 2010. Nexstar has submitted an opposition to this objection to the FCC.
Nexstar and Mission filed renewal of license applications for their stations between June 2004 and April 2007. On June 1, 2012, the FCC’s renewal cycle for television stations reinitiated. Nexstar and Mission have filed further renewal applications for their stations in the current cycle and will file additional applications before the cycle closes on April 1, 2015. The majority of Nexstar’s and Mission’s renewal applications, including the WCIA, KOZL, KOLR and KSNF applications discussed above, remain pending with the FCC. We and Mission expect the FCC to renew the licenses for our stations in due course but cannot provide any assurances that the FCC will do so. Third parties are permitted to submit objections to these applications.
The loss of the services of our chief executive officer could disrupt management of our business and impair the execution of our business strategies.
We believe that our success depends upon our ability to retain the services of Perry A. Sook, our founder and President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Sook has been instrumental in determining our strategic direction and focus. The loss of Mr. Sook’s services could adversely affect our ability to manage effectively our overall operations and successfully execute current or future business strategies.
Our growth may be limited if we are unable to implement our acquisition strategy.
We have achieved much of our growth through acquisitions, including the acquisition of 8 stations and 2 digital multicast channels in 2013. We intend to continue our growth by selectively pursuing acquisitions of television stations. The television broadcast industry is undergoing consolidation, which may reduce the number of acquisition targets and increase the purchase price of future acquisitions. Some of our competitors may have greater financial or management resources with which to pursue acquisition targets. Therefore, even if we are successful in identifying attractive acquisition targets, we may face considerable competition and our acquisition strategy may not be successful.
FCC rules and policies may also make it more difficult for us to acquire additional television stations. Television station acquisitions are subject to the approval of the FCC and, potentially, other regulatory authorities. FCC rules limit the number of television stations a company may own and define the types of local service agreements that “count” as ownership by the party providing the services. Those rules are subject to change. The need for FCC and other regulatory approvals could restrict our ability to consummate future transactions if, for example, the FCC or other government agencies believe that a proposed transaction would result in excessive concentration or other public interest detriment in a market, even if the proposed combination may otherwise comply with FCC ownership limitations.
Growing our business through acquisitions involves risks and if we are unable to manage effectively our growth, our operating results will suffer.
During the three years ended December 31, 2013, we acquired 16 stations, net of station disposals, and contracted to provide service to 6 additional stations. As of December 31, 2013, we have also signed various agreements to acquire or to provide service to 34 stations. We will continue to actively pursue additional acquisition opportunities. To manage effectively our growth and address the increased reporting requirements and administrative demands that will result from future acquisitions, we will need, among other things, to continue to develop our financial and management controls and management information systems. We will also need to continue to identify, attract and retain highly skilled finance and management personnel. Failure to do any of these tasks in an efficient and timely manner could seriously harm our business.
There are other risks associated with growing our business through acquisitions. For example, with any past or future acquisition, there is the possibility that:
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we may not be able to successfully reduce costs, increase advertising revenue or audience share or realize anticipated synergies and economies of scale with respect to any acquired station;
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an acquisition may increase our leverage and debt service requirements or may result in our assuming unexpected liabilities;
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our management may be reassigned from overseeing existing operations by the need to integrate the acquired business;
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we may experience difficulties integrating operations and systems, as well as company policies and cultures;
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• we may fail to retain and assimilate employees of the acquired business; and
• problems may arise in entering new markets in which we have little or no experience.
The occurrence of any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, particularly during the period immediately following any acquisition.
FCC actions may restrict our ability to create duopolies under local service agreements, which would harm our existing operations and impair our acquisition strategy.
In some of our markets, we have created duopolies by entering into what we refer to as local service agreements. While these agreements take varying forms, a typical local service agreement is an agreement between two separately owned television stations serving the same market, whereby the owner of one station provides operational assistance to the other station, subject to ultimate editorial and other controls being exercised by the latter station’s owner. By operating or entering into local service agreements with more than one station in a market, we (and the other station) achieve significant operational efficiencies. We also broaden our audience reach and enhance our ability to capture more advertising spending in a given market.
While all of our existing local service agreements comply with current FCC rules and policies, the FCC may not continue to permit local service agreements as a means of creating duopoly-type opportunities.
On August 2, 2004, the FCC initiated a rule making proceeding to determine whether to make TV joint sales agreements (“JSAs”) attributable under its ownership rules. Comments and reply comments were filed in this proceeding in the fourth quarter of 2004. The FCC has not yet issued a decision in this proceeding.
The FCC is required to review its media ownership rules every four years and eliminate those rules it finds no longer serve the “public interest, convenience and necessity.” During 2009, the FCC held a series of hearings designed to evaluate possible changes to its rules. In May 2010, the FCC formally initiated its 2010 review of its media ownership rules with the issuance of a Notice of Inquiry (“NOI”). In December 2011, the FCC issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (“NPRM”) seeking comment on specific proposed changes to its ownership rules. Among the specific changes proposed in the NPRM are (1) elimination of the contour overlap provision of the local television ownership rule (making the rule entirely DMA-based), (2) elimination of the radio/television cross-ownership rule and (3) modest relaxation of the newspaper/broadcast cross-ownership rule. The NPRM also sought comment on shared services agreements (“SSAs”) and other joint operating arrangements between television stations, and whether such agreements should be considered attributable. Initial comments on the NPRM were filed on March 5, 2012, and reply comments were filed in April 2012. We cannot predict what rules the FCC will adopt or when they will be adopted. However, the FCC may deem TV JSAs or SSAs to be attributable ownership interests, may require the termination of existing JSAs or SSAs within a specified period of time if the newly attributable JSAs or SSAs do not comply with the local television ownership limits, and/or may decline to authorize JSAs or SSAs that are proposed in currently pending or future transactions. The FCC may take such actions independently, in connection with its pending 2010 quadrennial review, and/or in connection with its next quadrennial review (which we anticipate will commence in 2014). If the FCC adopts a JSA or SSA attribution rule, or any other new or modified rule affecting the ownership of or local service agreements between television stations, we will be required to comply with such rules.
The FCC may decide to terminate “grandfathered” time brokerage agreements.
The FCC attributes time brokerage agreements and local marketing agreements (“TBAs”) to the programmer under its ownership limits if the programmer provides more than 15% of a station’s weekly broadcast programming. However, TBAs entered into prior to November 5, 1996 are exempt attributable interests for now.
The FCC will review these “grandfathered” TBAs in the future. During this review, the FCC may determine to terminate the “grandfathered” period and make all TBAs fully attributable to the programmer. If the FCC does so, we and Mission will be required to terminate the TBAs for stations WFXP and KHMT unless the FCC simultaneously changes its duopoly rules to allow ownership of two stations in the applicable markets.
We are subject to foreign ownership limitations which limits foreign investments in us.
The Communications Act limits the extent of non-U.S. ownership of companies that own U.S. broadcast stations. Under this restriction, the holder of a U.S. broadcast license may have no more than 20% non-U.S. ownership (by vote and by equity). The Communications Act prohibits more than 25% indirect foreign ownership or control of a licensee through a parent company if the FCC determines the public interest will be served by such restriction, and the FCC has interpreted this provision to require an affirmative public interest showing before indirect foreign ownership of a broadcast licensee may exceed 25%. Therefore, certain investors may be prevented in investing in us if our foreign ownership is at or near the FCC limits.
The FCC’s multiple ownership rules may limit our ability to acquire television stations in particular markets, restricting our ability to execute our acquisition strategy.
The number of television stations we may acquire in any market is limited by FCC rules and may vary depending upon whether the interests in other television stations or other media properties of persons affiliated with us are attributable under FCC rules. The broadcast or other media interests of our officers, directors and most stockholders with 5% or greater voting power are attributable under the FCC’s rules, which may limit us from acquiring or owning television stations in particular markets while those officers, directors or stockholders are associated with us. In addition, the holder of otherwise non-attributable equity and/or debt in a licensee in excess of 33% of the total debt and equity of the licensee will be attributable where the holder is either a major program supplier to that licensee or the holder has an attributable interest in another broadcast station or daily newspaper in the same market.
Two of Nexstar’s directors also currently serve on the board of directors of Radio One, Inc., which owns and operates approximately 50 radio stations in 16 markets. Therefore, depending on the number of stations owned by Radio One, Inc. in a given market, we may not be able to purchase a television station in that market. The FCC considers the markets Radio One, Inc. participates in as attributable to Nexstar, due to this common director relationship.
We and Mission have a material amount of goodwill and intangible assets, and therefore we and Mission could suffer losses due to future asset impairment charges.
As of December 31, 2013, $649.6 million, or 55.8%, of our and Mission’s combined total assets consisted of goodwill and intangible assets, including FCC licenses and network affiliation agreements. We and Mission test goodwill and FCC licenses annually, and on an interim date if factors or indicators become apparent that would require an interim test of these assets, in accordance with accounting and disclosure requirements for goodwill and other intangible assets. We and Mission test network affiliation agreements whenever circumstances or indicators become apparent the asset may not be recoverable through expected future cash flows. The methods used to evaluate the impairment of Nexstar’s and Mission’s goodwill and intangible assets would be affected by a significant reduction in operating results or cash flows at one or more of Nexstar’s and Mission’s television stations, or a forecast of such reductions, a significant adverse change in the advertising marketplaces in which Nexstar’s and Mission’s television stations operate, the loss of network affiliations, or by adverse changes to FCC ownership rules, among others, which may be beyond our or Mission’s control. If the carrying amount of goodwill and intangible assets is revised downward due to impairment, such non-cash charge could materially affect Nexstar’s and Mission’s financial position and results of operations.
There can be no assurances concerning continuing dividend payments and any decrease or suspension of the dividend could cause our stock price to decline.
Our common stockholders are only entitled to receive the dividends declared by our board of directors. Our board of directors has declared a dividend policy for 2014 of total annual cash dividend with respect to shares of our Class A Common Stock of $0.60 per share in equal quarterly installments of $0.15 per share. We expect to continue to pay quarterly cash dividends at the rate set forth in our current dividend policy. However, future cash dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and can be changed or discontinued at any time. Dividend determinations (including the amount of the cash dividend, the record date and date of payment) will depend upon, among other things, our future operations and earnings, targeted future acquisitions, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant. In addition, the senior secured credit facilities and the indentures governing our existing notes limit our ability to pay dividends. Given these considerations, our board of directors may increase or decrease the amount of the dividend at any time and may also decide to suspend or discontinue the payment of cash dividends in the future.
Risks Related to Our Industry
Our operating results are dependent on advertising revenue and as a result, we may be more vulnerable to economic downturns and other factors beyond our control than businesses not dependent on advertising.
We derive revenue primarily from the sale of advertising time on our stations and community portal websites. Our ability to sell advertising time depends on numerous factors that may be beyond our control, including:
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the health of the economy in the local markets where our stations are located and in the nation as a whole;
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• the popularity of our station and website programming;
• fluctuations in pricing for local and national advertising;
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the activities of our competitors, including increased competition from other forms of advertising-based media, particularly newspapers, cable television, Internet and radio;
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• the decreased demand for political advertising in non-election years; and
• changes in the makeup of the population in the areas where our stations are located.
Because businesses generally reduce their advertising budgets during economic recessions or downturns, the reliance upon advertising revenue makes our operating results susceptible to prevailing economic conditions. Our programming may not attract sufficient targeted viewership, and we may not achieve favorable ratings. Our ratings depend partly upon unpredictable and volatile factors beyond our control, such as viewer preferences, competing programming and the availability of other entertainment activities. A shift in viewer preferences could cause our programming not to gain popularity or to decline in popularity, which could cause our advertising revenue to decline. In addition, we and the programming providers upon which we rely may not be able to anticipate, and effectively react to, shifts in viewer tastes and interests in our markets.
Because a high percentage of our operating expense is fixed, a relatively small decrease in advertising revenue could have a significant negative impact on our financial results.
Our business is characterized generally by high fixed costs, primarily for debt service, broadcast rights and personnel. Other than commissions paid to our sales staff and outside sales agencies, our expenses do not vary significantly with the increase or decrease in advertising revenue. As a result, a relatively small change in advertising prices could have a disproportionate effect on our financial results. Accordingly, a minor shortfall in expected revenue could have a significant negative impact on our financial results.
Preemption of regularly scheduled programming by news coverage may affect our revenue and results of operations.
Nexstar may experience a loss of advertising revenue and incur additional broadcasting expenses due to preemption of our regularly scheduled programming by network coverage of a major global news event such as a war or terrorist attack or by local coverage of local disasters, such as tornados and hurricanes. As a result, advertising may not be aired and the revenue for such advertising may be lost unless the station is able to run the advertising at agreed-upon times in the future. Advertisers may not agree to run such advertising in future time periods, and space may not be available for such advertising. The duration of any preemption of programming cannot be predicted if it occurs. In addition, our stations and the stations we provide services to may incur additional expenses as a result of expanded news coverage of a war or terrorist attack or local disaster. The loss of revenue and increased expenses could negatively affect our results of operations.
If we are unable to respond to changes in technology and evolving industry trends, our television businesses may not be able to compete effectively.
New technologies could also adversely affect our television stations. Information delivery and programming alternatives such as cable, direct satellite-to-home services, pay-per-view, video on demand, over-the-top distribution of programming, the Internet, telephone company services, mobile devices, digital video recorders and home video and entertainment systems have fractionalized television viewing audiences and expanded the numbers and types of distribution channels for advertisers to access. Over the past decade, cable television programming services, other emerging video distribution platforms and the Internet have captured an increasing market share, while the aggregate viewership of the major television networks has declined. In addition, the expansion of cable and satellite television, the Internet and other technological changes have increased, and may continue to increase, the competitive demand for programming. Such increased demand, together with rising production costs, may increase our programming costs or impair our ability to acquire or develop desired programming.
In addition, video compression techniques now in use with MVPDs are expected to permit greater numbers of channels to be carried within existing bandwidth. These compression techniques as well as other technological developments are applicable to all video delivery systems, including over-the-air broadcasting, and have the potential to provide vastly expanded programming to targeted audiences. Reduction in the cost of creating additional channel capacity could lower entry barriers for new channels and encourage the development of increasingly specialized niche programming, resulting in more audience fractionalization. This ability to reach very narrowly defined audiences may alter the competitive dynamics for advertising expenditures. We are unable to predict the effect that these and other technological changes will have on the television industry or our results of operations.
The FCC can sanction us for programming broadcast on our stations which it finds to be indecent.
The FCC may impose substantial fines, to a maximum of $325,000 per violation, on television broadcasters for the broadcast of indecent material in violation of the Communications Act and its rules. Because our and Mission’s stations’ programming is in large part comprised of programming provided by the networks with which the stations are affiliated, we and Mission do not have full control over what is broadcast on our stations, and we and Mission may be subject to the imposition of fines if the FCC finds such programming to be indecent.
In June 2012, the Supreme Court decided a challenge to the FCC’s indecency enforcement without resolving the constitutionality of such enforcement, and the FCC thereafter requested public comment on the appropriate substance and scope of its indecency enforcement policy. The FCC has not yet issued any further decisions or rules in this area, and the courts remain free to review the FCC’s current policy or any modifications thereto. The outcomes of these proceedings could affect future FCC policies in this area, and could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Intense competition in the television industry could limit our growth and profitability.
As a television broadcasting company, we face a significant level of competition, both directly and indirectly. Generally we compete for our audience against all the other leisure activities in which one could choose to engage rather than watch television. Specifically, stations we own or provide services to compete for audience share, programming and advertising revenue with other television stations in their respective markets and with other advertising media, including newspapers, radio stations, cable television, DBS systems and the Internet.
The entertainment and television industries are highly competitive and are undergoing a period of consolidation. Many of our current and potential competitors have greater financial, marketing, programming and broadcasting resources than we do. The markets in which we operate are also in a constant state of change arising from, among other things, technological improvements and economic and regulatory developments. Technological innovation and the resulting proliferation of television entertainment, such as cable television, wireless cable, satellite-to-home distribution services, pay-per-view, home video and entertainment systems and Internet and mobile distribution of video programming have fractionalized television viewing audiences and have subjected free over-the-air television broadcast stations to increased competition. We may not be able to compete effectively or adjust our business plans to meet changing market conditions. We are unable to predict what forms of competition will develop in the future, the extent of the competition or its possible effects on our business.
The FCC could implement regulations or Congress could adopt legislation that might have a significant impact on the operations of the stations we own and the stations we provide services to or the television broadcasting industry as a whole.
The FCC has initiated proceedings to determine whether to make TV joint sales agreements and shared services agreements attributable interests under its ownership rules; to determine whether to standardize TV stations’ reporting of programming responsive to local needs and interests; to determine whether to modify or eliminate certain of its broadcast ownership rules, including the radio-television cross-ownership rule and the newspaper-television cross-ownership rule; and whether to modify its retransmission consent rules. Changes to any of these rules may have significant impact on us and the stations to which we provide services.
In addition, the FCC has sought comment on whether there are alternatives to the use of DMAs to define local markets such that certain viewers whose current DMAs straddle multiple states would be provided with more in-state broadcast programming. If the FCC determines to modify the use of existing DMAs to determine a station’s local market, such change might materially alter current station operations and could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The FCC also may decide to initiate other new rule making proceedings on its own or in response to requests from outside parties, any of which might have such an impact. Congress also may act to amend the Communications Act in a manner that could impact our stations and the stations we provide services to or the television broadcast industry in general.
The FCC may reallocate some portion of the spectrum available for use by television broadcasters to wireless broadband use which alteration could substantially impact our future operations and may reduce viewer access to our programming.
The FCC has initiated various proceedings to assess the availability of spectrum to meet future wireless broadband needs. The FCC’s March 2010 “National Broadband Plan” recommends the reallocation of 120 megahertz of the spectrum currently used for broadcast television for wireless broadband use. The FCC has thus far adopted rules permitting television stations to share a single 6 megahertz channel and requested comment on proposals that include, among other things, whether to add new frequency allocations in the television bands for licensed fixed and mobile wireless uses and whether to implement technical rule modifications to improve the viability of certain channels that are underutilized by digital television stations. In February 2012, the U.S. Congress adopted legislation authorizing the FCC to conduct an incentive auction whereby television broadcasters could voluntarily relinquish all or part of their spectrum in exchange for consideration. On September 28, 2012, the FCC adopted a Notice of Proposed Rule Making seeking public comment on the design of the incentive auction and various technical issues related to the reallocation of television spectrum for mobile broadband use. Comments on the notice were filed in January 2013, and reply comments were filed in March 2013. A reallocation of television spectrum for wireless broadband use would involve a “repacking” of the television broadcast band, which would require some television stations to change channel or otherwise modify their technical facilities. Future steps to reallocate television spectrum to broadband use may be to the detriment of our investment in digital facilities, could require substantial additional investment to continue our current operations, and may require viewers to invest in additional equipment or subscription services to continue receiving broadcast television signals. We cannot predict the timing or results of television spectrum reallocation efforts or their impact to our business.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2. Properties
Nexstar owns and leases facilities in the following locations:
Station Metropolitan Area and Use
|
Owned or
Leased
|
Approximate Size
|
Expiration of
Lease
|
WBRE—Wilkes Barre-Scranton, PA
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
0.80 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
49,556 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Office-Studio—Williamsport News Bureau
|
Leased
|
460 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
Office-Studio—Stroudsburg News Bureau
|
Leased
|
320 Sq. Ft.
|
7/31/16
|
Office-Studio—Scranton News Bureau
|
Leased
|
1,627 Sq. Ft.
|
11/30/16
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Williamsport
|
33% Owned
|
1.33 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Sharp Mountain
|
33% Owned
|
0.23 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Blue Mountain
|
100% Owned
|
0.998 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Penobscot Mountain
|
100% Owned
|
20 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Pimple Hill
|
Leased
|
400 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
|
|
|
|
KARK/KARZ—Little Rock-Pine Bluff, AR
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
Leased
|
34,835 Sq. Ft.
|
3/31/22
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
40 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
1 Sq. Ft.
|
4/30/16
|
|
|
|
|
KTAL—Shreveport, LA
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
2 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
16,000 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Equipment Building—Texarkana
|
100% Owned
|
0.0808 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio—Texarkana
|
Leased
|
2,941 Sq. Ft.
|
9/30/18
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
109 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
2,284 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
WROC—Rochester, NY
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
3.9 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
48,864 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
0.24 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
2,400 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
50% Owned
|
1.90 Acres
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
WCIA/WCIX—Champaign-Springfield-Decatur, IL
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
20,000 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
1.5 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio—Sales Bureau
|
Leased
|
1,600 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
Office-Studio—News Bureau
|
Leased
|
350 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
Office-Studio—Decatur News Bureau
|
Leased
|
300 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
Roof Top & Boiler Space—Danville Tower
|
Leased
|
20 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—WCIA Tower
|
100% Owned
|
38.06 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Springfield Tower
|
100% Owned
|
2.0 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Dewitt Tower
|
100% Owned
|
1.0 Acres
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
WMBD—Peoria-Bloomington, IL
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
0.556 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
18,360 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Building-Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
2,350 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Building-Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
800 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
34.93 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
1.0 Acres
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
WTWO—Terre Haute, IN
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
4.774 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio—Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
17,375 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Station Metropolitan Area and Use
|
Owned or
Leased
|
Approximate Size
|
Expiration of
Lease
|
WJET—Erie, PA
|
|
|
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
2 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
9.87 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
15,533 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
KFDX—Wichita Falls, TX—Lawton, OK
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio-Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
28.06 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
13,568 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
KSNF—Joplin, MO-Pittsburg, KS
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
13.36 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
13,169 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
900 Sq. Ft.
|
7/31/15
|
|
|
|
|
KMID—Odessa-Midland, TX
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
1.127 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
14,000 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
69.87 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
0.322 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
.29 Acres
|
12/1/23
|
|
|
|
|
KTAB—Abilene-Sweetwater, TX
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (1)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
25.55 Acres
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
KQTV—St Joseph, MO
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
3 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
15,100 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
9,360 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Offsite Storage
|
Leased
|
130 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
|
|
|
|
WDHN—Dothan, AL
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio—Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
10 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
7,812 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
KLST—San Angelo, TX
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
7.31 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
8 Acres
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
WHAG—Washington, DC/Hagerstown, MD
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
Leased
|
12,000 Sq. Ft.
|
6/30/15
|
Sales Office-Frederick
|
Leased
|
885 Sq. Ft.
|
3/31/16
|
Office-Studio—Berryville News Bureau
|
Leased
|
700 Sq. Ft.
|
7/31/16
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
11.2 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
|
|
|
|
WEHT—Evansville, IN
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio-Evanvsille, IN
|
100% Owned
|
1.834 Acres
|
––
|
Office-Studio-Evansville, IN
|
100% Owned
|
14,280 Sq. Ft.
|
––
|
Office-Studio-Henderson, KY
|
100% Owned
|
10.22 Acres
|
––
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
144 Sq. Ft.
|
2/28/14
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
144 Sq. Ft.
|
5/31/14
|
|
|
|
|
KOZL—Springfield, MO
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (2)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Kimberling City
|
100% Owned
|
.25 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
0.5 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
|
|
|
|
WFFT—Fort Wayne, IN
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
21.84 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
0.5 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
Station Metropolitan Area and Use
|
Owned or
Leased
|
Approximate Size
|
Expiration of
Lease
|
KAMR—Amarillo, TX
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
26,000 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
110.2 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
Translator Site
|
Leased
|
0.5 Acres
|
Month to Month
|
|
|
|
|
KARD—Monroe, LA
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
14,450 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
26 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
80 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
|
|
|
|
KLBK—Lubbock, TX
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
11.5 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
0.5 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
|
|
|
|
WFXV—Utica, NY
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (3)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Burlington Flats
|
100% Owned
|
6.316 Acres
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
WPNY–LP—Utica, NY
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (4)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
KSVI—Billings, MT
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
9,700 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
10 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
75 Sq. Ft.
|
6/30/18
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Coburn Road
|
Leased
|
75 Sq. Ft.
|
10/31/15
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
75 Sq. Ft.
|
12/31/22
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Columbus
|
Leased
|
75 Sq. Ft.
|
5/31/24
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Sarpy
|
Leased
|
75 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Rosebud
|
Leased
|
1 Acre
|
Year to Year
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Miles City
|
Leased
|
.25 Acre
|
3/23/15
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—McCullough Pks, WY
|
Leased
|
75 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
|
|
|
|
WCWJ—Jacksonville, FL
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
19,847 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Office-Studio—Tower Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
7.92 Acres
|
—
|
Building-Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
200 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
WQRF—Rockford, IL
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (5)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
2,000 Sq. Ft.
|
5/12/21
|
|
|
|
|
KFTA/KNWA—Fort Smith-Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio—Fayetteville
|
Leased
|
2,848 Sq. Ft.
|
9/30/22
|
Office—Rogers
|
Leased
|
1,612 Sq. Ft.
|
7/31/16
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
216 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
3.7 Acres
|
7/31/15
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
1.61 Acres
|
—
|
Microwave Relay Site
|
100% Owned
|
166 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Microwave Site
|
Leased
|
216 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
|
|
|
|
WTAJ–Altoona-Johnstown, PA
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
Leased
|
22,367 Sq. Ft.
|
5/31/14
|
Office-Johnstown
|
Leased
|
672 Sq. Ft.
|
2/28/14
|
Office-State College Bureau
|
Leased
|
2,915 Sq. Ft.
|
2/28/16
|
Office-Dubois Bureau
|
Leased
|
315 Sq. Ft.
|
7/31/16
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
4,400 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Station Metropolitan Area and Use
|
Owned or
Leased
|
Approximate Size
|
Expiration of
Lease
|
WFRV/WJMN-Green Bay-Appleton, WI and Marquette, MI
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
19,200 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Office-Veridea
|
Leased
|
125 Sq. Ft.
|
6/30/17
|
Office-Little Chute
|
Leased
|
125 Sq. Ft.
|
5/31/17
|
Tower/Transmitter Site-De Pere
|
100% Owned
|
8.8 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site-Rapid River
|
100% Owned
|
1.0 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site-Paper Valley
|
Leased
|
4 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
Tower/Transmitter Site-Oshkosh Museum
|
Leased
|
4 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
|
|
|
|
KTVX/KUCW–Salt Lake City, UT
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
33,820 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site-Farnsworth Peak
|
25% Owned
|
6.0 Acres
|
—
|
Antenna/Microwave-Translator Sites-TSM
|
Leased
|
1.0 Acres
|
3/31/18
|
Antenna/Microwave-Nelson Peak
|
Leased
|
1.0 Acres
|
12/31/14
|
Communication Site-Beaver Dam Mountain
|
Leased
|
1.0 Acres
|
5/31/16
|
|
|
|
|
WETM–Elmira, NY
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
1.4 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter-Big Flats
|
100% Owned
|
35.4 Acres
|
—
|
Translator-Spafford, NY
|
100% Owned
|
1.2 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Corning, NY
|
Leased
|
550 Sq. Ft.
|
6/30/17
|
|
|
|
|
WIVT/WBGH–Binghamton, NY
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio/Transmitter
|
100% Owned
|
7.0 Acres
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
WATN/WLMT–Memphis, TN
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio-Memphis, TN
|
Leased
|
26,526 Sq. Ft.
|
5/31/28
|
Tower/Transmitter-Brunswick
|
Leased
|
1.0 Acres
|
3/31/17
|
Transmitter-Haywood
|
Leased
|
1.0 Acres
|
2/28/17
|
|
|
|
|
WJKT–Jackson, TN
|
|
|
|
Transmitter-Alamo
|
100% Owned
|
33.0 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Jackson
|
Leased
|
969 Sq. Ft.
|
7/31/15
|
|
|
|
|
WSYR–Syracuse, NY
|
|
|
|
Studio-Syracuse
|
100% Owned
|
6.5 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Dewitt
|
100% Owned
|
10,000 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Transmitter-Pompey
|
100% Owned
|
98.0 Acres
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
WWTI–Watertown, NY
|
|
|
|
Studio-Watertown
|
Leased
|
10,000 Sq. Ft.
|
6/30/20
|
Transmitter-Denmark
|
100% Owned
|
16.5 Acres
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
KSEE/KGPE–Fresno, CA
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio-McKinley Ave
|
100% Owned
|
32,000 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Office-Studio-McKinley Ave
|
100% Owned
|
2.68 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio-First St.
|
100% Owned
|
17,613 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Office-Studio-First St.
|
100% Owned
|
1.86 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site-Bear Mtn
|
Leased
|
2,400 Sq. Ft.
|
12/31/53
|
Tower/Transmitter Site-Auberry
|
100% Owned
|
3.0 Acres
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
KGET/KKEY–Bakersfield, CA
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
35,000 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
0.96 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
1,575 Sq. Ft.
|
12/31/18
|
Station Metropolitan Area and Use
|
Owned or
Leased
|
Approximate Size
|
Expiration of
Lease
|
WFFF–Burlington, VT-Plattsburgh, NY
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
15,000 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
2.03 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
1.0 Acres
|
6/30/25
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate Office—Irving, TX
|
Leased
|
22,061 Sq. Ft.
|
12/31/24
|
GoLocal.Biz Office—St. George, UT
|
Leased
|
1,860 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
Inergize Digital Media Office
|
Leased
|
8,469 Sq. Ft.
|
11/30/14
|
Corporate Office Offsite Storage—Dallas, TX
|
Leased
|
475 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
(1)
|
The office space and studio used by KTAB are owned by KRBC.
|
(2)
|
The office space and studio used by KOZL are owned by KOLR.
|
(3)
|
The office space and studio used by WFXV are owned by WUTR.
|
(4)
|
The office space and studio used by WPNY-LP are owned by WUTR.
|
(5)
|
The office space and studio used by WQRF are owned by WTVO.
|
Mission owns and leases facilities in the following locations:
Station Metropolitan Area and Use
|
Owned or
Leased
|
Approximate Size
|
Expiration of
Lease
|
WYOU—Wilkes Barre-Scranton, PA
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (1)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Penobscot Mountain
|
100% Owned
|
120.33 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Bald Mountain
|
100% Owned
|
7.2 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Williamsport
|
33% Owned
|
1.35 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Sharp Mountain
|
33% Owned
|
0.23 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Stroudsburg
|
Leased
|
10,000 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
|
|
|
|
WAWV—Terre Haute, IN
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (2)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
1 Acre
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
WFXP—Erie, PA
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (3)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site (3)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
KJTL/KJBO-LP—Wichita Falls, TX—Lawton, OK
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (4)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
40 Acres
|
1/30/15
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
5 Acres
|
Year to Year
|
|
|
|
|
KODE—Joplin, MO-Pittsburg, KS
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
2.74 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
215 Sq. Ft.
|
4/30/27
|
|
|
|
|
KRBC—Abilene-Sweetwater, TX
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
5.42 Acres
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
19,312 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site (9)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
KTVE—Monroe, LA/El Dorado, AR
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (10)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
2 Acres
|
4/30/32
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—El Dorado
|
Leased
|
3 Acres
|
4/30/32
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Bolding
|
Leased
|
11.5 Acres
|
4/30/32
|
Station Metropolitan Area and Use
|
Owned or
Leased
|
Approximate Size
|
Expiration of
Lease
|
KSAN—San Angelo, TX
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (5)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
10 Acres
|
5/15/15
|
|
|
|
|
KOLR—Springfield, MO
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
30,000 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
7 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
0.5 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
|
|
|
|
KCIT/KCPN-LP—Amarillo, TX
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (6)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
100 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Parmer County, TX
|
Leased
|
80 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Guyman, OK
|
Leased
|
80 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Curry County, NM
|
Leased
|
6 Acres
|
Month to Month
|
|
|
|
|
KAMC—Lubbock, TX
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (7)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
40 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
1,200 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
|
|
|
|
KHMT—Billings, MT
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (8)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
4 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
|
|
|
|
WUTR—Utica, NY
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio
|
100% Owned
|
12,100 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
21 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site—Mohawk
|
Leased
|
48 Sq. Ft.
|
Month to Month
|
|
|
|
|
WTVO—Rockford, IL
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio-Tower/Transmitter Site
|
100% Owned
|
20,000 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
WTVW-Evansville, IN
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (11)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site
|
Leased
|
16.36 Acres
|
5/12/21
|
|
|
|
|
KLRT/KASN-Little Rock-Pine Bluff, AR
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (12)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site-Redfield
|
100% Owned
|
1,625 Sq. Ft.
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site-Redfield
|
100% Owned
|
120 Acres
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site-Pulaski
|
Leased
|
0.23 Acres
|
5/31/17
|
|
|
|
|
WVNY-Burlington, VT-Plattsburgh, NY
|
|
|
|
Office-Studio (13)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Tower/Transmitter Site (13)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate Office-Westlake, OH
|
Leased
|
640 Sq. Ft.
|
11/30/14
|
(1)
|
The office space and studio used by WYOU are owned by WBRE.
|
(2)
|
The office space and studio used by WAWV are owned by WTWO.
|
(3)
|
The office space, studio and tower used by WFXP are owned by WJET.
|
(4)
|
The office space and studio used by KJTL and KJBO-LP are owned by KFDX.
|
(5)
|
The office space and studio used by KSAN are owned by KLST.
|
(6)
|
The office space and studio used by KCIT/KCPN-LP are owned by KAMR.
|
(7)
|
The office space and studio used by KAMC are owned by KLBK.
|
(8)
|
The office space and studio used by KHMT are owned by KSVI.
|
(9)
|
The tower/transmitter used by KRBC is owned by KTAB.
|
(10)
|
The office space and studio used by KTVE are owned by KARD.
|
(11)
|
The office space and studio used by WTVW are owned by WEHT.
|
(12)
|
The office space and studio used by KLRT/KASN are owned by KARK.
|
(13)
|
The office space, studio and tower used by WVNY are owned by WFFF.
|
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, Nexstar and Mission are involved in litigation that arises from the ordinary course of business, such as contractual or employment disputes or other general actions. In the event of an adverse outcome of these legal proceedings, Nexstar and Mission believe the resulting liabilities would not have a material adverse effect on Nexstar’s or Mission’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
None.
PART II
Item 5.
|
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
|
|
Market Prices; Record Holders and Dividends
|
Our Class A Common Stock trades on The NASDAQ Global Market (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol “NXST.”
The following were the high and low sales prices of our Class A Common Stock for the periods indicated, as reported by NASDAQ:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1st Quarter 2012
|
|
$ |
8.92 |
|
|
$ |
7.89 |
|
2nd Quarter 2012
|
|
$ |
8.40 |
|
|
$ |
6.09 |
|
3rd Quarter 2012
|
|
$ |
11.32 |
|
|
$ |
6.00 |
|
4th Quarter 2012
|
|
$ |
12.97 |
|
|
$ |
8.99 |
|
1st Quarter 2013
|
|
$ |
18.42 |
|
|
$ |
10.76 |
|
2nd Quarter 2013
|
|
$ |
36.02 |
|
|
$ |
16.30 |
|
3rd Quarter 2013
|
|
$ |
44.96 |
|
|
$ |
28.88 |
|
4th Quarter 2013
|
|
$ |
56.42 |
|
|
$ |
40.01 |
|
As of February 24, 2014, there were approximately 4,300 shareholders of record of our Class A common stock, including shares held in nominee names by brokers and other institutions.
Our senior secured credit facilities may limit the amount of dividends we may pay to stockholders over the term of the agreement. Pursuant to the dividend policy we announced on November 26, 2012, our board of directors declared in 2013 a total annual cash dividend with respect to the outstanding shares of Class A and Class B Common Stock of $0.48 per share in equal quarterly installments of $0.12 per share. On January 17, 2014, our board of directors approved a 25% increase in the quarterly cash dividend to $0.15 per share of outstanding Class A Common Stock beginning with the first quarter of 2014.
|
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
|
On May 7, 2013, we repurchased and held in treasury 365,384 shares of our Class A Common Stock for a total of $8.4 million. During the year ended December 31, 2013, we reissued all of the treasury shares in connection with stock option exercises.
|
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans as of December 31, 2013
|
|
|
Number of
securities to be
issued upon
exercise of
outstanding
options
|
|
|
Weighted
average exercise
price of
outstanding
options
|
|
|
Number of securities
remaining available
for future issuance
excluding securities
reflected in column (a)
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
|
(b)
|
|
|
(c)
|
|
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
|
|
|
2,575,800 |
|
|
$ |
6.22 |
|
|
|
1,158,000 |
|
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Total
|
|
|
2,575,800 |
|
|
$ |
6.22 |
|
|
|
1,158,000 |
|
For a more detailed description of our option plans and grants, we refer you to Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part IV, Item 15(a) of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Comparative Stock Performance Graph
The following graph compares the total return of our Class A Common Stock based on closing prices for the period from December 31, 2008 through December 31, 2013 with the total return of the NASDAQ Composite Index and our peer index of pure play television companies. Our peer index consists of the following publicly traded companies: Gray Television, Inc., LIN TV Corp. and Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc. (the “Peer Group”). The graph assumes the investment of $100 in our Class A Common Stock and in both of the indices on December 31, 2008. The performance shown is not necessarily indicative of future performance.
|
|
12/31/08
|
|
|
12/31/09
|
|
|
12/31/10
|
|
|
12/31/11
|
|
|
12/31/12
|
|
|
12/31/13
|
|
Nexstar Broadcasting Group, Inc. (NXST)
|
|
$ |
100.00 |
|
|
$ |
792.66 |
|
|
$ |
1,172.34 |
|
|
$ |
1,534.41 |
|
|
$ |
2,072.63 |
|
|
$ |
11,112.27 |
|
NASDAQ Composite Index
|
|
$ |
100.00 |
|
|
$ |
145.34 |
|
|
$ |
171.70 |
|
|
$ |
170.34 |
|
|
$ |
200.57 |
|
|
$ |
281.14 |
|
Peer Group
|
|
$ |
100.00 |
|
|
$ |
191.08 |
|
|
$ |
322.99 |
|
|
$ |
393.08 |
|
|
$ |
542.32 |
|
|
$ |
1,859.68 |
|
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
We derived the following statements of operations and cash flows data for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 and balance sheet data as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 from our Consolidated Financial Statements included herein. We derived the following statements of operations and cash flows data for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 and balance sheet data as of December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 from our Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. This information should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included herein. Amounts below are presented in thousands, except per share amounts.
|
|
2013
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
Statements of Operations Data, for the years ended December 31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenue
|
|
$ |
502,330 |
|
|
$ |
378,632 |
|
|
$ |
306,491 |
|
|
$ |
313,350 |
|
|
$ |
251,979 |
|
Operating expenses (income):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate expenses
|
|
|
26,339 |
|
|
|
24,636 |
|
|
|
19,780 |
|
|
|
19,890 |
|
|
|
18,561 |
|
Station direct operating expenses, net of trade
|
|
|
139,807 |
|
|
|
84,743 |
|
|
|
73,829 |
|
|
|
70,674 |
|
|
|
70,549 |
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
124,594 |
|
|
|
92,899 |
|
|
|
85,387 |
|
|
|
81,001 |
|
|
|
70,964 |
|
Restructure Charge
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
670 |
|
Non-cash contract termination fees
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
191 |
|
Impairment of goodwill (1)
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
7,360 |
|
Impairment of other intangible assets (1)
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
8,804 |
|
Amortization of broadcast rights, excluding barter
|
|
|
12,613 |
|
|
|
8,591 |
|
|
|
9,947 |
|
|
|
9,527 |
|
|
|
13,248 |
|
Trade and barter expense
|
|
|
30,730 |
|
|
|
20,841 |
|
|
|
21,270 |
|
|
|
19,602 |
|
|
|
18,699 |
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
33,578 |
|
|
|
23,555 |
|
|
|
21,845 |
|
|
|
21,112 |
|
|
|
21,680 |
|
Amortization of intangible assets
|
|
|
30,148 |
|
|
|
22,994 |
|
|
|
25,979 |
|
|
|
23,732 |
|
|
|
23,705 |
|
Gain on asset exchange
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(30 |
) |
|
|
(8,093 |
) |
Loss (gain) on asset disposal, net
|
|
|
1,280 |
|
|
|
468 |
|
|
|
461 |
|
|
|
294 |
|
|
|
(2,560 |
) |
Income from operations (2)
|
|
|
103,241 |
|
|
|
99,905 |
|
|
|
47,993 |
|
|
|
67,548 |
|
|
|
8,201 |
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(66,243 |
) |
|
|
(51,559 |
) |
|
|
(53,004 |
) |
|
|
(54,266 |
) |
|
|
(39,182 |
) |
(Loss) gain on extinguishment of debt, net (3)
|
|
|
(34,724 |
) |
|
|
(3,272 |
) |
|
|
(1,155 |
) |
|
|
(8,356 |
) |
|
|
18,567 |
|
Other expenses
|
|
|
(1,459 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense
|
|
|
815 |
|
|
|
45,074 |
|
|
|
(6,166 |
) |
|
|
4,926 |
|
|
|
(12,414 |
) |
Income tax (expense) benefit(4)
|
|
|
(2,600 |
) |
|
|
132,279 |
|
|
|
(5,725 |
) |
|
|
(6,741 |
) |
|
|
(200 |
) |
(Loss) income from continuing operations
|
|
|
(1,785 |
) |
|
|
177,353 |
|
|
|
(11,891 |
) |
|
|
(1,815 |
) |
|
|
(12,614 |
) |
Gain on disposal of station, net of income tax expense(5)
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
5,139 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
$ |
(1,785 |
) |
|
$ |
182,492 |
|
|