UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 1-33171
PENN VIRGINIA GP HOLDINGS, L.P.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 20-5116532 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
THREE RADNOR CORPORATE CENTER, SUITE 300 100 MATSONFORD ROAD RADNOR, PA |
19087 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
(610) 687-8900
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes ¨ No
Indicate by a check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer | ¨ | Accelerated filer | x | |||
Non-accelerated filer | ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company | ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ¨ Yes x No
As of August 6, 2008, 39,074,500 common limited partner units were outstanding.
PENN VIRGINIA GP HOLDINGS, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX
Item 1 | Financial Statements |
PENN VIRGINIA GP HOLDINGS, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME unaudited
(in thousands, except per unit data)
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Revenues |
||||||||||||||||
Natural gas midstream |
$ | 234,797 | $ | 114,407 | $ | 359,845 | $ | 209,725 | ||||||||
Coal royalties |
31,641 | 24,029 | 55,603 | 49,029 | ||||||||||||
Coal services |
1,841 | 2,092 | 3,703 | 3,693 | ||||||||||||
Other |
8,226 | 3,616 | 14,168 | 5,897 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues |
276,505 | 144,144 | 433,319 | 268,344 | ||||||||||||
Expenses |
||||||||||||||||
Cost of midstream gas purchased |
202,819 | 95,077 | 302,516 | 174,808 | ||||||||||||
Operating |
8,719 | 5,497 | 15,512 | 11,011 | ||||||||||||
Taxes other than income |
976 | 607 | 2,048 | 1,450 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative |
7,305 | 6,305 | 14,439 | 12,706 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
12,919 | 9,822 | 24,419 | 19,955 | ||||||||||||
Total expenses |
232,738 | 117,308 | 358,934 | 219,930 | ||||||||||||
Operating income |
43,767 | 26,836 | 74,385 | 48,414 | ||||||||||||
Other income (expense) |
||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(5,374 | ) | (3,617 | ) | (10,306 | ) | (7,164 | ) | ||||||||
Interest income and other |
501 | 466 | 1,046 | 819 | ||||||||||||
Derivatives |
(29,942 | ) | (7,550 | ) | (22,166 | ) | (10,197 | ) | ||||||||
Income from operations before minority interest |
8,952 | 16,135 | 42,959 | 31,872 | ||||||||||||
Minority interest |
(2,890 | ) | (7,834 | ) | (20,095 | ) | (15,851 | ) | ||||||||
Net income |
$ | 6,062 | $ | 8,301 | $ | 22,864 | $ | 16,021 | ||||||||
Basic and diluted net income per limited partner unit |
$ | 0.16 | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.59 | $ | 0.41 | ||||||||
Weighted average number of units outstanding, basic and diluted |
39,075 | 39,075 | 39,075 | 39,067 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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PENN VIRGINIA GP HOLDINGS, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS unaudited
(in thousands)
June 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
|||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Current assets |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 25,942 | $ | 30,503 | ||||
Accounts receivable |
135,442 | 78,888 | ||||||
Derivative assets |
4,795 | 1,212 | ||||||
Other current assets |
4,690 | 4,104 | ||||||
Total current assets |
170,869 | 114,707 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment |
944,951 | 877,571 | ||||||
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization |
(168,440 | ) | (146,289 | ) | ||||
Net property, plant and equipment |
776,511 | 731,282 | ||||||
Equity investments |
77,222 | 25,640 | ||||||
Goodwill |
7,718 | 7,718 | ||||||
Intangibles, net |
27,196 | 28,938 | ||||||
Other long-term assets |
49,937 | 33,966 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 1,109,453 | $ | 942,251 | ||||
Liabilities and Partners Capital |
||||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 118,041 | $ | 65,763 | ||||
Accrued liabilities |
14,552 | 10,903 | ||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
58,083 | 12,561 | ||||||
Deferred income |
3,099 | 2,958 | ||||||
Derivative liabilities |
43,396 | 41,733 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
237,171 | 133,918 | ||||||
Deferred income |
8,303 | 6,889 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
19,035 | 19,517 | ||||||
Derivative liabilities |
6,642 | 1,315 | ||||||
Long-term debt of PVR |
323,100 | 399,153 | ||||||
Minority interests in PVR |
256,088 | 161,075 | ||||||
Partners capital |
259,114 | 220,384 | ||||||
Total liabilities and partners capital |
$ | 1,109,453 | $ | 942,251 | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
PENN VIRGINIA GP HOLDINGS, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS unaudited
(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities |
||||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 6,062 | $ | 8,301 | $ | 22,864 | $ | 16,021 | ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
12,919 | 9,822 | 24,419 | 19,955 | ||||||||||||
Commodity derivative contracts: |
||||||||||||||||
Total derivative losses |
31,459 | 8,835 | 24,791 | 12,325 | ||||||||||||
Cash settlements on derivatives |
(9,703 | ) | (2,189 | ) | (19,225 | ) | (4,261 | ) | ||||||||
Non-cash interest expense |
204 | 165 | 368 | 329 | ||||||||||||
Minority interest |
2,890 | 7,834 | 20,095 | 15,851 | ||||||||||||
Equity earnings, net of distributions received |
354 | (645 | ) | (6 | ) | (878 | ) | |||||||||
Other |
(223 | ) | (158 | ) | (441 | ) | (198 | ) | ||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities |
500 | 1,580 | (424 | ) | (2,972 | ) | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
44,462 | 33,545 | 72,441 | 56,172 | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities |
||||||||||||||||
Acquisitions |
(96,220 | ) | (52,117 | ) | (96,240 | ) | (52,456 | ) | ||||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
(21,190 | ) | (11,872 | ) | (38,840 | ) | (18,874 | ) | ||||||||
Other |
334 | 154 | 675 | 197 | ||||||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(117,076 | ) | (63,835 | ) | (134,405 | ) | (71,133 | ) | ||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities |
||||||||||||||||
Distributions to partners |
(25,220 | ) | (21,032 | ) | (49,392 | ) | (34,374 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from PVR borrowings |
99,800 | 52,000 | 124,800 | 62,000 | ||||||||||||
Repayments of PVR borrowings |
(132,400 | ) | | (155,400 | ) | (5,000 | ) | |||||||||
Net proceeds from issuance of PVR partners capital |
138,015 | | 138,015 | | ||||||||||||
Other |
(620 | ) | | (620 | ) | 860 | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
79,575 | 30,968 | 57,403 | 23,486 | ||||||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
6,961 | 678 | (4,561 | ) | 8,525 | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents beginning of period |
18,981 | 21,534 | 30,503 | 13,687 | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents end of period |
$ | 25,942 | $ | 22,212 | $ | 25,942 | $ | 22,212 | ||||||||
Supplemental disclosure: |
||||||||||||||||
Cash paid for interest |
$ | 4,249 | $ | 2,369 | $ | 10,372 | $ | 6,903 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
PENN VIRGINIA GP HOLDINGS, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Unaudited
June 30, 2008
1. | Organization |
Penn Virginia GP Holdings, L.P. (the Partnership, we, us or our) is a publicly traded Delaware limited partnership formed in June 2006 that currently owns three types of equity interests in Penn Virginia Resource Partners, L.P. (PVR), a publicly traded Delaware limited partnership. The equity interests are (1) a 2% general partner interest in PVR, which we hold through our 100% ownership interest in Penn Virginia Resource GP, LLC, PVRs general partner, (2) all of the incentive distribution rights, or IDRs, in PVR, which we hold through our 100% ownership interest in PVRs general partner and (3) an approximately 37% limited partner interest in PVR. With the IDRs, we receive an increasing percentage of PVRs quarterly distributions of available cash from operating surplus after certain levels of cash distributions have been achieved. Our only cash generating assets consist of our equity interests in PVR. Due to our control of the general partner of PVR, the financial results of PVR are included in our condensed consolidated financial statements. However, PVR functions with a capital structure that is independent of ours, consisting of its own debt instruments and publicly traded common units.
Our general partner is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Penn Virginia Corporation (Penn Virginia). As of June 30, 2008, Penn Virginia and its subsidiaries owned an approximately 82% limited partner interest in us. PVR was formed by Penn Virginia in July 2001 and completed its initial public offering in October 2001. PVR currently conducts operations in two business segments: (1) coal and natural resource management and (2) natural gas midstream. As of June 30, 2008, we owned approximately 39% of PVR, consisting of a 2% general partner interest and an approximately 37% limited partner interest.
PVRs coal and natural resource management segment primarily involves the management and leasing of coal properties and the subsequent collection of royalties. PVR also earns revenues from other land management activities, such as selling standing timber and real estate rentals, leasing fee-based coal-related infrastructure facilities to certain lessees and end-user industrial plants, collecting oil and gas royalties and from coal transportation, or wheelage, fees.
PVRs natural gas midstream segment is engaged in providing natural gas processing, gathering and other related services. PVR owns and operates natural gas midstream assets located in Oklahoma and the Texas Panhandle. In July 2008, PVR acquired natural gas midstream assets in the Fort Worth Basin of North Texas. See Note 15 Subsequent Events. PVRs natural gas midstream business derives revenues primarily from gas processing contracts with natural gas producers and from fees charged for gathering natural gas volumes and providing other related services. PVR also owns a natural gas marketing business, which aggregates third-party volumes and sells those volumes into intrastate pipeline systems and at market hubs accessed by various interstate pipelines.
2. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Our accounting policies are consistent with those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. Please refer to such Form 10-K for a further discussion of those policies.
Basis of Presentation
Unless otherwise indicated, for the purposes of these financial statements, the Partnership, we, us or our refers to Penn Virginia GP Holdings, L.P. and our subsidiaries. References to the parent company are intended to mean Penn Virginia GP Holdings, L.P. individually as the parent company and not on a consolidated basis.
Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Partnership, all of our wholly owned subsidiaries and PVR, of which we indirectly owned the sole 2% general partner interest and an approximately 37% limited partner interest as of June 30, 2008. Penn Virginia Resource GP, LLC, our wholly owned subsidiary, serves as PVRs general partner and controls PVR. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Our condensed consolidated financial statements
4
have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial reporting and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulations. These statements involve the use of estimates and judgments where appropriate. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, considered necessary for a fair presentation of our condensed consolidated financial statements have been included. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2008.
New Accounting Standard
In April 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Staff Position No. FAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets (FSP FAS 142-3) which amends Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. The pronouncement requires companies estimating the useful life of a recognized intangible asset to consider their historical experience in renewing or extending similar arrangements or, in the absence of historical experience, to consider assumptions that market participants would use about renewal or extension. FAS 142-3 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008 and must be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date. We will prospectively apply FSP FAS 142-3 to all intangible assets purchased after January 1, 2009.
3. | Acquisition |
In April 2008, PVR acquired a 25% member interest in Thunder Creek Gas Services, LLC (Thunder Creek), a joint venture that gathers and transports coalbed methane in Wyomings Powder River Basin for $51.6 million in cash, after customary closing adjustments. Funding for the acquisition was provided by borrowings under PVRs revolving credit facility (the PVR Revolver). The entire member interest is recorded in equity investments on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. This investment includes $37.3 million of fair value for the net assets acquired and $14.3 million of fair value paid in excess of PVRs portion of the underlying equity in the net assets acquired related to customer contracts and related customer relations. This excess is being amortized to equity earnings over the life of the underlying contracts. The earnings are recorded in other revenues on the condensed consolidated income statement.
4. | PVR Unit Offering |
In the second quarter of 2008, PVR issued 5.15 million common PVR limited partner units to the public representing limited partner interests and received $138.1 million in net proceeds. We made contributions to PVR of $2.9 million in order to maintain our 2% general partner interest. The net proceeds were used to repay a portion of our borrowings under the PVR Revolver.
5. | Gain on Sale of Subsidiary Units |
We account for PVR equity issuances as sales of minority interest. For each PVR equity issuance, we have calculated a gain under SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 51 (or Topic 5-H), Accounting for Sales of Stock by a Subsidiary (SAB 51). SAB 51 provides guidance on accounting for the effect of issuances of a subsidiarys stock on the parents investment in that subsidiary. In some situations, SAB 51 allows registrants to elect an accounting policy of recording gains or losses on issuances of stock by a subsidiary either in income or as a capital transaction. Accordingly, we adopted a policy of recording SAB 51 gains and losses directly to partners capital. As a result of PVRs unit offerings in May and June 2008, we recognized gains in partners capital of $36.6 million and $2.9 million. See Note 4 PVR Unit Offering.
5
6. | Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments |
We adopted SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, effective January 1, 2008, for financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis. SFAS No. 157 applies to all financial assets and financial liabilities that are being measured and reported on a fair value basis. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements. FASB Staff Position FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157, delays the application of SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities to fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008.
SFAS No. 157 requires fair value measurements to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
| Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. Level 1 inputs generally provide the most reliable evidence of fair value. |
| Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. |
| Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity). |
The following table summarizes the valuation of our financial instruments by the above SFAS No. 157 categories as of June 30, 2008 (in thousands):
Fair Value Measurement at June 30, 2008, Using | ||||||||||||||
Description |
Fair Value Measurements, June 30, 2008 |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | ||||||||||
Interest rate swap liability - current |
$ | (958 | ) | $ | | $ | (958 | ) | $ | | ||||
Interest rate swap liability - noncurrent |
(1,420 | ) | | (1,420 | ) | | ||||||||
Commodity derivative assets - current |
4,795 | | 4,795 | | ||||||||||
Commodity derivative liability - current |
(42,438 | ) | | (42,438 | ) | | ||||||||
Commodity derivative liability - noncurrent |
(5,222 | ) | | (5,222 | ) | | ||||||||
Total |
$ | (45,243 | ) | $ | | $ | (45,243 | ) | $ | | ||||
We use the following methods and assumptions to estimate the fair values in the above table:
| Commodity derivative instruments: The fair values of PVRs commodity derivative agreements are determined based on forward price quotes for the respective commodities. This is a level 2 input. We generally use the income approach, using valuation techniques that convert future cash flows to a single discounted value. The discount rates used in the discounted cash flow projections include a measure of nonperformance risk. See Note 7 Derivative Instruments. |
| Interest rate swaps: PVR has entered into interest rate swap agreements (the PVR Revolver Swaps) to establish fixed rates on a portion of the outstanding borrowings under the PVR Revolver. We estimate the fair value of the swaps based on published interest rate yield curves as of the date of the estimate. This is a level 2 input. The discount rates used in the discounted cash flow projections include a measure of nonperformance risk. See Note 7 Derivative Instruments. |
7. | Derivative Instruments |
PVR Natural Gas Midstream Segment Commodity Derivatives
PVR utilizes costless collar, three-way collar and swap derivative contracts to hedge against the variability in cash flows associated with forecasted natural gas midstream revenues and cost of midstream gas purchased. PVR also utilizes swap derivative contracts to hedge against the variability in its frac spread. PVRs frac spread is the spread between the purchase price for the
6
natural gas PVR purchases from producers and the sale price for the natural gas liquids, or NGLs, that PVR sells after processing. PVR hedges against the variability in its frac spread by entering into swap derivative contracts to sell NGLs forward at a predetermined swap price and to purchase an equivalent volume of natural gas forward on an MMBtu basis. While the use of derivative instruments limits the risk of adverse price movements, their use also may limit future revenues or cost savings from favorable price movements.
With respect to a costless collar contract, the counterparty is required to make a payment to PVR if the settlement price for any settlement period is below the floor price for such contract. PVR is required to make payment to the counterparty if the settlement price for any settlement period is above the ceiling price for such contract. Neither party is required to make a payment to the other party if the settlement price for any settlement period is equal to or greater than the floor price and equal to or less than the ceiling price for such contract. With respect to a swap contract, the counterparty is required to make a payment to PVR if the settlement price for any settlement period is less than the swap price for such contract, and PVR is required to make a payment to the counterparty if the settlement price for any settlement period is greater than the swap price for such contract.
A three-way collar is a combination of options: a sold call, a purchased put and a sold put. The sold call establishes the maximum price that PVR will receive for the contracted commodity volumes. The purchased put establishes the minimum price that PVR will receive for the contracted volumes unless the market price for the commodity falls below the sold put strike price, at which point the minimum price equals the reference price (i.e., NYMEX) plus the excess of the purchased put strike price over the sold put strike price.
7
The fair values of PVRs derivative agreements are determined based on forward price quotes for the respective commodities as of June 30, 2008, the credit risks of the counterparties and PVRs own credit risk. The following table sets forth PVRs positions as of June 30, 2008 for commodities related to natural gas midstream revenues and cost of midstream gas purchased (in thousands):
Average Volume Per Day |
Weighted Average Price |
Weighted Average Price Collars |
Estimated Fair Value |
|||||||||||||||||
Additional Put Option |
Put | Call | ||||||||||||||||||
Frac Spread |
(in MMBtu | ) | (per MMBtu | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
7,824 | $ | 5.02 | $ | (5,944 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Ethane Sale Swap |
(in gallons | ) | (per gallon | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
34,440 | $ | 0.4700 | (4,774 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Propane Sale Swaps |
(in gallons | ) | (per gallon | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
26,040 | $ | 0.7175 | (5,675 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Crude Oil Sale Swaps |
(in barrels | ) | (per barrel | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
560 | $ | 49.27 | (9,334 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Natural Gasoline Collar |
(in gallons | ) | (per gallon) | |||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
6,300 | $ | 1.4800 | $ | 1.6465 | (1,611 | ) | |||||||||||||
Crude Oil Collar |
(in barrels | ) | (per barrel) | |||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
400 | $ | 65.00 | $ | 75.25 | (4,784 | ) | |||||||||||||
Natural Gas Sale Swaps |
(in MMBtu | ) | (per MMBtu | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
4,000 | $ | 6.97 | 4,795 | ||||||||||||||||
Crude Oil Three-Way Collar |
(in barrels | ) | (per gallon) | |||||||||||||||||
First Quarter 2009 through Fourth Quarter 2009 |
1,000 | $ | 70.00 | $ | 90.00 | $ | 119.25 | (10,292 | ) | |||||||||||
Frac Spread Collar (1) |
(in MMBtu | ) | (in MMBtu) | |||||||||||||||||
First Quarter 2009 through Fourth Quarter 2009 |
6,000 | $ | 9.09 | $ | 13.94 | | ||||||||||||||
Settlements to be paid in subsequent period |
(5,246 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Natural gas midstream segment commodity derivatives - net liability |
$ | (42,865 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
(1) | PVR entered into this contract in July 2008 |
At June 30, 2008, PVR reported a (i) net derivative liability related to the natural gas midstream segment of $42.9 million and (ii) loss in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) of $2.9 million related to derivatives in the natural gas midstream segment for which we discontinued hedge accounting in 2006. The $2.9 million loss will be recorded in earnings through the end of 2008 as the hedged transactions settle. Reference the Adoption of SFAS No. 161 section below for the impact of the natural gas midstream commodity derivatives on our condensed consolidated statements of income.
Interest Rate Swaps
PVR has entered into the PVR Revolver Swaps to establish fixed rates on a portion of the outstanding borrowings under the PVR Revolver. Until March 2010, the notional amounts of the PVR Revolver Swaps total $160.0 million. From March 2010 to December 2011, the notional amounts of the PVR Revolver Swaps total $100.0 million. Until March 2010, PVR will pay a weighted average fixed rate of 4.33% on the notional amount, and the counterparties will pay a variable rate equal to the three-month London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). From March 2010 to December 2011, PVR will pay a weighted average fixed rate of 4.40% on the notional amount, and the counterparties will pay a variable rate equal to the three-month LIBOR. Settlements on the PVR Revolver Swaps are recorded as interest expense. The PVR Revolver Swaps are designated as cash flow hedges. Accordingly, the effective portion of the change in the fair value of the swap transactions is recorded each period in other comprehensive income. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value, if any, is recorded to current period earnings as interest income (expense). PVR reported a (i) derivative liability of $2.4 million at June 30, 2008 and (ii) loss in accumulated other comprehensive income of $2.4 million at June 30, 2008 related to the PVR Revolver Swaps. In connection with periodic settlements, we recognized $0.6 million and $0.4 million in net hedging losses in interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008.
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Adoption of SFAS No. 161
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133, which amends and expands SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. We elected to adopt SFAS No. 161 early, effective June 30, 2008. SFAS No. 161 requires companies to disclose how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entitys financial position, financial performance and cash flows.
The following table summarizes the effects of PVRs derivative activities, as well as the location of the gains and losses, on our condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 (in thousands):
Location of gain (loss) on derivatives |
Three Months Ended |
Six Months Ended |
||||||||
June 30, 2008 | ||||||||||
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133: |
||||||||||
Interest rate contracts (1) |
Interest expense | $ | (626 | ) | $ | (359 | ) | |||
Decrease in net income resulting from derivatives designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133 |
$ | (626 | ) | $ | (359 | ) | ||||
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133: |
||||||||||
Commodity contracts (1) |
Natural gas midstream revenues | $ | (1,997 | ) | $ | (4,248 | ) | |||
Commodity contracts (1) |
Cost of midstream gas purchased | 480 | 1,623 | |||||||
Commodity contracts |
Derivatives | (29,942 | ) | (22,166 | ) | |||||
Decrease in net income resulting from derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133 |
$ | (31,459 | ) | $ | (24,791 | ) | ||||
Total decrease in net income resulting from derivatives |
$ | (32,085 | ) | $ | (25,150 | ) | ||||
Realized and unrealized derivative impact: |
||||||||||
Cash paid for commodity contract settlements |
Derivatives | (9,703 | ) | (19,225 | ) | |||||
Cash received (paid) for interest rate contract settlements |
Interest expense | (626 | ) | (359 | ) | |||||
Unrealized derivative loss |
(2) | (21,756 | ) | (5,566 | ) | |||||
Total decrease in net income resulting from derivatives |
$ | (32,085 | ) | $ | (25,150 | ) | ||||
(1) | These amounts represent reclassifications from AOCI. Subsequent to the discontinuation of hedge accounting for commodity derivatives in 2006, amounts remaining in AOCI have been reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the original hedge forecasted transaction affects earnings. The amount remaining in AOCI that will be reclassified to earnings in future periods is $2.9 million. |
(2) | This activity represents unrealized losses in the natural gas midstream, cost of midstream gas purchased and derivatives lines on our condensed consolidated statements of income. |
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The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative instruments, as well as the locations of these instruments on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2008 (in thousands):
Balance Sheet Location |
Derivative Assets | Derivative Liabilities | ||||||
Fair values as of June 30, 2008 | ||||||||
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133: |
||||||||
Interest rate contracts |
Derivative liabilities - current | $ | | $ | 958 | |||
Interest rate contracts |
Derivative liabilities - noncurrent | | 1,420 | |||||
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133 |
$ | | $ | 2,378 | ||||
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133: |
||||||||
Commodity contracts |
Derivative assets/liabilities - current | $ | 4,795 | $ | 42,438 | |||
Commodity contracts |
Derivative liabilities - noncurrent | | 5,222 | |||||
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133 |
$ | 4,795 | $ | 47,660 | ||||
Total fair values of derivative instruments |
$ | 4,795 | $ | 50,038 | ||||
The following table summarizes the effect of the PVR Revolver Swaps on our total interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||
Source |
June 30, 2008 | |||||||
Borrowings |
$ | (4,935 | ) | $ | (10,622 | ) | ||
Capitalized interest (1) |
187 | 675 | ||||||
Interest rate swaps |
(626 | ) | (359 | ) | ||||
Total interest expense |
$ | (5,374 | ) | $ | (10,306 | ) | ||
(1) | Capitalized interest for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 was primarily related to the construction of PVRs natural gas gathering facilities. |
The above derivative activity represents cash flow hedges. As of June 30, 2008, none of PVRs derivative instruments were classified as fair value hedges, nor were any derivative instruments classified as trading securities. In addition, as of June 30, 2008, none of PVRs derivative instruments contained credit risk contingencies.
8. | PVR Senior Notes Repayment |
In June 2008, PVR notified the holders of its Senior Unsecured Notes due 2013 (the PVR Notes) that it would prepay 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the PVR Notes as provided in the Note Purchase Agreements governing the PVR Notes. In July 2008, PVR paid an aggregate of $63.3 million to the noteholders, which amount consists of approximately $58.4 million aggregate principal amount outstanding on the PVR Notes, $1.1 million in accrued and unpaid interest on the PVR Notes through the prepayment date and $3.8 million in make-whole amounts due in connection with the prepayment of the PVR Notes. The PVR Notes were repaid with borrowings under the PVR Revolver. As a result of calling these notes in June 2008, PVR reclassified the PVR Notes to the current liabilities section of its condensed consolidated balance sheets.
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9. | Cash Distributions |
The following table reflects the allocation of total cash distributions paid by us during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||
Unitholders |
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
(in thousands, except per unit data) | |||||||||||||
Public |
$ | 2,375 | $ | 1,817 | $ | 4,611 | $ | 2,306 | |||||
Penn Virginia Corporation |
10,910 | 8,343 | 21,178 | 10,589 | |||||||||
Total cash distributions paid |
$ | 13,285 | $ | 10,160 | $ | 25,789 | $ | 12,895 | |||||
Total cash distributions paid per unit |
$ | 0.34 | $ | 0.26 | $ | 0.66 | $ | 0.33 | (1) |
(1) | We paid a pro rata quarterly distribution of $0.07 per unit in February 2007, which covered the period from December 5, 2006 to December 31, 2006. |
In February 2008, the board of directors of our general partner paid a $0.32 per unit quarterly distribution, or $1.28 per unit on an annualized basis. In April 2008, the board of directors of our general partner paid a $0.34 per unit quarterly distribution, or $1.36 per unit on an annualized basis. In July 2008, the board of directors of our general partner declared a quarterly distribution of $0.36 per unit, or $1.44 per unit on an annualized basis, for the three months ended June 30, 2008. The distribution will be paid on August 20, 2008 to unitholders of record at the close of business on August 4, 2008.
10. | Related-Party Transactions |
General and Administrative
Penn Virginia charges us for certain corporate administrative expenses which are allocable to us and our subsidiaries. When allocating general corporate expenses, consideration is given to property and equipment, payroll and general corporate overhead. Any direct costs are paid by us. Total corporate administrative expenses charged to us and our subsidiaries totaled $1.6 million and $3.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008. Total corporate administrative expenses that Penn Virginia charged to PVR totaled $1.6 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 and $3.1 million and $2.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. These costs are reflected in general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of income. At least annually, our management performs an analysis of general corporate expenses based on time allocations of shared employees and other pertinent factors. Based on this analysis, our management believes that the allocation methodologies used are reasonable.
Accounts Payable Affiliate
Amounts payable to related parties totaled $18.0 million and $2.6 million as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007. The increase in the balance in the six months ended June 30, 2008 is due primarily to amounts due to a wholly owned subsidiary of Penn Virginia, Penn Virginia Oil & Gas, L.P. (PVOG) from PVR related to the natural gas gathering and processing agreement between PVR East Texas Gas Processing, LLC (PVR East Texas) and PVOG. See Gathering and Processing Revenues. These balances are included in accounts payable on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Marketing Revenues
PVOG and Connect Energy Services, LLC (Connect Energy), a wholly owned subsidiary of PVR, are parties to a Master Services Agreement effective September 1, 2006. Pursuant to the Master Services Agreement, PVOG and Connect Energy have agreed that Connect Energy will market all of PVOGs oil and gas production in Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma and Texas for a fee equal to 1% of the net sales price (subject to specified limitations) received by PVOG for such production. The Master Services
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Agreement has a primary term of five years and automatically renews for additional one year terms until terminated by either party. Under the Master Services Agreement, PVOG paid fees to Connect Energy of $0.8 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 and $1.5 million and $1.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. Marketing revenues are included in other revenues on our condensed consolidated statements of income.
Gathering and Processing Revenues
PVR East Texas and PVOG are parties to a natural gas gathering and processing agreement effective during the first quarter of 2008. PVR East Texas will gather and process the natural gas delivered by PVOG. Connect Energy will purchase the processed gas and plant products (NGLs) from PVOG and sell them to third parties. PVOG paid PVR East Texas $0.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2008 for gathering and processing fees. These gathering and processing revenues are recorded in the natural gas midstream line on our condensed consolidated statements of income. Connect Energy purchased processed gas and plant products from PVOG for $49.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2008.
Sale of Units
In July 2008, PVR acquired natural gas midstream assets in the Forth Worth Basin in North Texas. Part of the consideration given by PVR in this transaction was 2.0 million of our common units, which PVR purchased from two subsidiaries of Penn Virginia. See Note 15 Subsequent Events. As a result of this transaction, Penn Virginia Corporations ownership interest in us decreased from 82% to 77%.
11. | PVR Unit-Based Compensation |
PVR recognized a total of $0.7 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 and $1.5 million and $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 of compensation expense related to the granting of common units and deferred common units and the vesting of restricted units granted under its long-term incentive plan. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, 131,551 restricted units with a weighted average grant date fair value of $26.93 per unit were granted to employees of Penn Virginia and its affiliates. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, 70,007 restricted units with a weighted average grant date fair value of $27.27 per unit vested. The restricted units granted in 2008 vest over a three-year period, with one-third vesting in each year. PVR recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.
12. | Comprehensive Income |
Comprehensive income represents changes in partners capital during the reporting period, including net income and charges directly to partners capital which are excluded from net income. The following table sets forth the components of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 6,062 | $ | 8,301 | $ | 22,864 | $ | 16,021 | |||||
Unrealized holding losses on derivative activities |
4,318 | 771 | (825 | ) | 571 | ||||||||
Reclassification adjustment for derivative activities |
2,143 | 1,112 | 2,984 | 1,784 | |||||||||
Comprehensive income |
$ | 12,523 | $ | 10,184 | $ | 25,023 | $ | 18,376 | |||||
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13. | Commitments and Contingencies |
Legal
We are involved, from time to time, in various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. While the ultimate results of these proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, our management believes that these claims will not have a material effect on our financial position, liquidity or operations.
Environmental Compliance
PVRs operations and those of its lessees are subject to environmental laws and regulations adopted by various governmental authorities in the jurisdictions in which these operations are conducted. The terms of PVRs coal property leases impose liability on the relevant lessees for all environmental and reclamation liabilities arising under those laws and regulations. The lessees are bonded and have indemnified PVR against any and all future environmental liabilities. PVR regularly visits its coal properties to monitor lessee compliance with environmental laws and regulations and to review mining activities. PVRs management believes that its operations and those of its lessees comply with existing laws and regulations and does not expect any material impact on its financial condition or results of operations.
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, PVRs environmental liabilities included $1.3 million and $1.5 million, which represents PVRs best estimate of the liabilities as of those dates related to its coal and natural resource management and natural gas midstream businesses. PVR has reclamation bonding requirements with respect to certain unleased and inactive properties. Given the uncertainty of when a reclamation area will meet regulatory standards, a change in this estimate could occur in the future.
Mine Health and Safety Laws
There are numerous mine health and safety laws and regulations applicable to the coal mining industry. However, since PVR does not operate any mines and does not employ any coal miners, PVR is not subject to such laws and regulations. Accordingly, we have not accrued any related liabilities.
14. | Segment Information |
Segment information has been prepared in accordance with SFAS No. 131, Disclosure about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. Under SFAS No. 131, operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available and is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in assessing performance. Our decision-making group consists of PVRs Chief Executive Officer and other senior officers. This group routinely reviews and makes operating and resource allocation decisions among PVRs coal and natural resource management operations and PVRs natural gas midstream operations. Accordingly, our reportable segments are as follows:
| PVR Coal and Natural Resource Management management and leasing of coal properties and subsequent collection of royalties; other land management activities such as selling standing timber and real estate rentals; leasing of fee-based coal-related infrastructure facilities to certain lessees and end-user industrial plants; collection of oil and gas royalties; and coal transportation, or wheelage, fees. |
| PVR Natural Gas Midstream natural gas processing, gathering and other related services. |
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The following tables present a summary of certain financial information relating to our segments as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
PVR Coal and Natural Resource Management |
PVR Natural Gas Midstream |
Other | Consolidated | |||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2008: |
||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 39,056 | $ | 237,449 | $ | | $ | 276,505 | ||||||
Cost of midstream gas purchased |
| 202,819 | | 202,819 | ||||||||||
Operating costs and expenses |
7,547 | 8,891 | 562 | 17,000 | ||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
7,526 | 5,393 | | 12,919 | ||||||||||
Operating income |
$ | 23,983 | $ | 20,346 | $ | (562 | ) | 43,767 | ||||||
Interest expense, net |
(4,873 | ) | ||||||||||||
Derivatives |
(29,942 | ) | ||||||||||||
Minority interest |
(2,890 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 6,062 | ||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 697,758 | $ | 403,453 | $ | 8,242 | $ | 1,109,453 | ||||||
Equity investments (1) |
$ | 25,030 | $ | 52,192 | $ | | $ | 77,222 | ||||||
Additions to property and equipment and acquisitions |
$ | 24,641 | $ | 92,769 | $ | | $ | 117,410 | ||||||
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2007: |
||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 28,410 | $ | 115,734 | $ | | $ | 144,144 | ||||||
Cost of midstream gas purchased |
| 95,077 | | 95,077 | ||||||||||
Operating costs and expenses |
5,524 | 6,339 | 546 | 12,409 | ||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
5,320 | 4,502 | | 9,822 | ||||||||||
Operating income |
$ | 17,566 | $ | 9,816 | $ | (546 | ) | 26,836 | ||||||
Interest expense, net |
(3,151 | ) | ||||||||||||
Derivatives |
(7,550 | ) | ||||||||||||
Minority interest |
(7,834 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 8,301 | ||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 362,383 | $ | 405,691 | $ | 9,833 | $ | 777,907 | ||||||
Equity investments |
$ | 26,173 | $ | 60 | $ | | $ | 26,233 | ||||||
Additions to property and equipment and acquisitions |
$ | 52,130 | $ | 11,859 | $ | | $ | 63,989 |
(1) | This increase in equity investments is due to the 25% member interest in Thunder Creek that PVR acquired in the second quarter of 2008 for $51.6 million. See Note 3 Acquisition. |
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PVR Coal and Natural Resource Management |
PVR Natural Gas Midstream |
Other | Consolidated | |||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008: |
||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 69,350 | $ | 363,969 | $ | | $ | 433,319 | ||||||
Cost of midstream gas purchased |
| 302,516 | | 302,516 | ||||||||||
Operating costs and expenses |
13,846 | 16,975 | 1,178 | 31,999 | ||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
13,939 | 10,480 | | 24,419 | ||||||||||
Operating income |
$ | 41,565 | $ | 33,998 | $ | (1,178 | ) | 74,385 | ||||||
Interest expense, net |
(9,260 | ) | ||||||||||||
Derivatives |
(22,166 | ) | ||||||||||||
Minority interest |
(20,095 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 22,864 | ||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 697,758 | $ | 403,453 | $ | 8,242 | $ | 1,109,453 | ||||||
Equity investments (1) |
$ | 25,030 | $ | 52,192 | $ | | $ | 77,222 | ||||||
Additions to property and equipment and acquisitions |
$ | 24,689 | $ | 110,391 | $ | | $ | 135,080 | ||||||
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007: |
||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 56,894 | $ | 211,450 | $ | | $ | 268,344 | ||||||
Cost of midstream gas purchased |
| 174,808 | | 174,808 | ||||||||||
Operating costs and expenses |
10,618 | 13,241 | 1,308 | 25,167 | ||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
10,810 | 9,145 | | 19,955 | ||||||||||
Operating income |
$ | 35,466 | $ | 14,256 | $ | (1,308 | ) | 48,414 | ||||||
Interest expense, net |
(6,345 | ) | ||||||||||||
Derivatives |
(10,197 | ) | ||||||||||||
Minority interest |
(15,851 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 16,021 | ||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 362,383 | $ | 405,691 | $ | 9,833 | $ | 777,907 | ||||||
Equity investments |
$ | 26,173 | $ | 60 | $ | | $ | 26,233 | ||||||
Additions to property and equipment and acquisitions |
$ | 53,466 | $ | 17,864 | $ | | $ | 71,330 |
(1) | This increase in equity investments is due to the 25% member interest in Thunder Creek that PVR acquired in the second quarter of 2008 for $51.6 million. See Note 3 Acquisition. |
15. | Subsequent Events |
On July 17, 2008, PVR completed an acquisition of Lone Star Gathering, L.P. in the Fort Worth Basin of North Texas, which included gas gathering and transportation equipment. PVR acquired this business for approximately $160.0 million and a $5.0 million payment guarantee at a later date, plus contingent payments of $30.0 million and $25.0 million. Funding for the acquisition was provided by $80.0 million of borrowings under the PVR Revolver, 2.0 million of our common units (which PVR purchased from two subsidiaries of Penn Virginia) and 0.5 million newly issued PVR common units. The contingent payments will be triggered if a defined geographic area in which a subset of the acquired assets are located reaches certain revenue targets by or before June 30, 2013 and will be funded in cash or PVR common units, at PVRs election.
On August 5, 2008, PVR amended and restated the PVR Revolver to increase its available borrowings under the PVR Revolver from $600.0 million to $700.0 million and to make it a secured facility. The PVR Revolver is secured by substantially all of PVRs assets.
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Item 2 | Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
The following discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of Penn Virginia GP Holdings, L.P. and its subsidiaries (the Partnership, we, us or our) should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes in Item 1, Financial Statements.
Overview of Our Business
General
We are a publicly traded Delaware limited partnership formed by Penn Virginia in June 2006. Our only cash generating assets consist of our partner interests in PVR, which consist of the following:
| a 2% general partner interest in PVR, which we hold through our 100% ownership interest in Penn Virginia Resource GP, LLC, PVRs general partner; |
| all of the IDRs in PVR, which we hold through our 100% ownership interest in PVRs general partner; and |
| 19,587,049 common units of PVR, representing an approximately 37% limited partner interest in PVR. |
All of our cash flows are generated from the cash distributions we receive with respect to the PVR equity interests we own. PVR is required by its partnership agreement to distribute, and it has historically distributed within 45 days of the end of each quarter, all of its cash on hand at the end of each quarter, less cash reserves established by its general partner in its sole discretion to provide for the proper conduct of PVRs business or to provide for future distributions. While we, like PVR, are structured as a limited partnership, our capital structure and cash distribution policy differ materially from those of PVR. Most notably, our general partner does not have an economic interest in us and is not entitled to receive any distributions from us and our capital structure does not include IDRs. Therefore, our distributions are allocated exclusively to our common units, which is our only class of security currently outstanding.
Our ownership of PVRs IDRs entitles us to receive the following percentages of cash distributed by PVR as it reaches the following target cash distribution levels:
| 15% of all incremental cash distributed in a quarter after $0.275 has been distributed in respect of each common unit of PVR for that quarter; |
| 25% of all incremental cash distributed after $0.325 has been distributed in respect of each common unit of PVR for that quarter; and |
| the maximum sharing level of 50% of all incremental cash distributed after $0.375 has been distributed in respect of each common unit of PVR for that quarter. |
Since 2001, PVR has increased its quarterly cash distribution 14 times from $0.25 per unit ($1.00 on an annualized basis) to $0.46 per unit ($1.84 on an annualized basis), which is its most recently declared distribution. These increased cash distributions by PVR have placed us at the third and maximum target cash distribution level as described above. As a consequence, any increase in the cash distribution level from PVR will allow us to share at the 50% level and the cash distributions we receive from PVR with respect to our indirect ownership of the IDRs will increase more rapidly than those with respect to our ownership of the general partner and limited partner interests. Because we are at the maximum target cash distribution level on the IDRs, future growth in distributions we receive from PVR will not result from an increase in the target cash distribution level associated with the IDRs.
Financial Presentation
We reflect our ownership interest in PVR on a consolidated basis, which means that our financial results are combined with PVRs financial results. The 61% limited partner interest in PVR that we do not own, after the effect of IDRs, is reflected as a minority interest in our results of operations. We have no separate operating activities apart from those conducted by PVR, and our cash flows currently consist of distributions from PVR on the partner interests, including the IDRs, that we own. Accordingly, the discussion and analysis of our financial position and results of operations in this Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations reflects the operating activities and results of operations of PVR.
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Overview of PVRs Business
PVR is a publicly traded Delaware limited partnership formed by Penn Virginia in 2001 that is principally engaged in the management of coal and natural resource properties and the gathering and processing of natural gas in the United States. Both in its current limited partnership form and in its previous corporate form, PVR has managed coal properties since 1882. PVR currently conducts operations in two business segments: (1) coal and natural resource management and (2) natural gas midstream. Our operating income was $74.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to $48.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007. In the six months ended June 30, 2008, the PVR coal and natural resource management segment contributed $41.6 million, or 56%, to operating income, and the PVR natural gas midstream segment contributed $34.0 million, or 46%, to operating income. Corporate operating expenses were $1.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008.
The following table presents a summary of certain financial information relating to our segments:
PVR Coal and Natural Resource Management |
PVR Natural Gas Midstream |
Other | Consolidated | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008: |
|||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 69,350 | $ | 363,969 | $ | | $ | 433,319 | |||||
Cost of midstream gas purchased |
| 302,516 | | 302,516 | |||||||||
Operating costs and expenses |
13,846 | 16,975 | 1,178 | 31,999 | |||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
13,939 | 10,480 | | 24,419 | |||||||||
Operating income |
$ | 41,565 | $ | 33,998 | $ | (1,178 | ) | $ | 74,385 | ||||
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007: |
|||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 56,894 | $ | 211,450 | $ | | $ | 268,344 | |||||
Cost of midstream gas purchased |
| 174,808 | | 174,808 | |||||||||
Operating costs and expenses |
10,618 | 13,241 | 1,308 | 25,167 | |||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
10,810 | 9,145 | | 19,955 | |||||||||
Operating income |
$ | 35,466 | $ | 14,256 | $ | (1,308 | ) | $ | 48,414 | ||||
PVR Coal and Natural Resource Management Segment
As of December 31, 2007, PVR owned or controlled 818 million tons of proven and probable coal reserves in Central and Northern Appalachia, the San Juan Basin and the Illinois Basin. PVR enters into long-term leases with experienced, third-party mine operators, providing them the right to mine its coal reserves in exchange for royalty payments. PVR actively works with its lessees to develop efficient methods to exploit the reserves and to maximize production from the properties. PVR does not operate any mines. In the six months ended June 30, 2008, PVRs lessees produced 16.5 million tons of coal from its properties and paid PVR coal royalties revenues of $55.6 million, for an average royalty per ton of $3.37. Approximately 86% of PVRs coal royalties revenues in the six months ended June 30, 2008 were derived from coal mined on PVRs properties under leases containing royalty rates based on the higher of a fixed base price or a percentage of the gross sales price. The balance of PVRs coal royalties revenues for the respective periods was derived from coal mined on PVRs properties under leases containing fixed royalty rates that escalate annually.
Coal royalties are impacted by several factors that PVR generally cannot control. The number of tons mined annually is determined by an operators mining efficiency, labor availability, geologic conditions, access to capital, ability to market coal and ability to arrange reliable transportation to the end-user. New legislation or regulations have been or may be adopted which may have a significant impact on the mining operations of PVRs lessees or their customers ability to use coal and which may require PVR, its lessees or its lessees customers to change operations significantly or incur substantial costs.
17
To a lesser extent, coal prices also impact coal royalties revenues. Generally, as coal prices change, PVRs average royalty per ton also changes because the majority of PVRs lessees pay royalties based on the gross sales prices of the coal mined. Most of PVRs coal is sold by its lessees under contracts with a duration of one year or more; therefore, changes to PVRs average royalty occur as its lessees contracts are renegotiated. The global markets for most types of coal remain strong. Continued demand from emerging countries and the increased consumption domestically have created a strong global picture. During 2007 and 2008, U.S.-produced coal enjoyed increased demand abroad as dwindling supplies and the decline of the dollar made U.S.-exported coal more attractive.
PVR also earns revenues from the provision of fee-based coal preparation and loading services, from the sale of standing timber on its properties, from oil and gas royalty interests it owns and from coal transportation, or wheelage, fees.
PVRs management continues to focus on acquisitions that increase and diversify its sources of cash flow.
PVR Natural Gas Midstream Segment
PVR owns and operates natural gas midstream assets located in Oklahoma, the Texas Panhandle and East Texas. These assets include approximately 3,863 miles of natural gas gathering pipelines as of June 30, 2008. In July 2008, PVR completed the Lone Star acquisition in which it acquired approximately 132 additional miles of gas gathering pipelines in the Fort Worth Basin in North Texas. See Note 15 Subsequent Events in Item 1, Financial Statements, of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. PVRs natural gas midstream business derives revenues primarily from gas processing contracts with natural gas producers and from fees charged for gathering natural gas volumes and providing other related services. PVR also owns a natural gas marketing business, which aggregates third-party volumes and sells those volumes into intrastate pipeline systems and at market hubs accessed by various interstate pipelines. In addition, PVR owns a 25% member interest in Thunder Creek Gas Services, LLC (Thunder Creek), a joint venture that gathers and transports coalbed methane in Wyomings Powder River Basin.
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, system throughput volumes at PVRs gas processing plants and gathering systems, including gathering-only volumes, were 41.2 Bcf, or approximately 226 MMcfd. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, one of PVRs natural gas midstream customers accounted for 24% of PVRs natural gas midstream revenues and 20% of our total consolidated revenues.
Revenues, profitability and the future rate of growth of PVRs natural gas midstream segment are highly dependent on market demand and prevailing NGL and natural gas prices. Historically, changes in the prices of most NGL products have generally correlated with changes in the price of crude oil. NGL and natural gas prices have been subject to significant volatility in recent years in response to changes in the supply and demand for NGL products and natural gas market uncertainty.
PVR continually seeks new supplies of natural gas to both offset the natural declines in production from the wells currently connected to its systems and to increase system throughput volumes. New natural gas supplies are obtained for all of PVRs systems by contracting for production from new wells, connecting new wells drilled on dedicated acreage and contracting for natural gas that has been released from competitors systems.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We rely exclusively on distributions from PVR to fund any cash requirements for our operations. PVR generally satisfies its working capital requirements and funds its capital expenditures and debt service obligations from cash generated from its operations and borrowings under PVRs revolving credit facility (the PVR Revolver). PVR believes that the cash generated from its operations and its borrowing capacity will be sufficient to meet its working capital requirements, anticipated capital expenditures (other than major capital improvements or acquisitions), scheduled debt payments and distribution payments. PVRs ability to satisfy its obligations and planned expenditures will depend upon its future operating performance, which will be affected by, among other things, prevailing economic conditions in the coal industry and natural gas midstream market, some of which are beyond its control.
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Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flow statements for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 |
PVR Coal and Natural Resource Management |
PVR Natural Gas Midstream |
Other | Consolidated | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||||||||||
Net income contribution |
$ | 31,288 | $ | 12,723 | $ | (21,147 | ) | $ | 22,864 | |||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities (summarized) |
14,199 | 15,527 | 20,275 | 50,001 | ||||||||||||
Net change in operating assets and liabilities |
(82,628 | ) | 82,218 | (14 | ) | (424 | ) | |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
$ | (37,141 | ) | $ | 110,468 | $ | (886 | ) | 72,441 | |||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
$ | (24,014 | ) | $ | (110,391 | ) | $ | | (134,405 | ) | ||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
57,403 | |||||||||||||||
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
$ | (4,561 | ) | |||||||||||||
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 |
PVR Coal and Natural Resource Management |
PVR Natural Gas Midstream |
Other | Consolidated | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||||||||||
Net income contribution |
$ | 28,521 | $ | 4,472 | $ | (16,972 | ) | $ | 16,021 | |||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities (summarized) |
10,064 | 17,209 | 15,850 | 43,123 | ||||||||||||
Net change in operating assets and liabilities |
(5,523 | ) | 2,573 | (22 | ) | (2,972 | ) | |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
$ | 33,062 | $ | 24,254 | $ | (1,144 | ) | 56,172 | ||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
$ | (53,269 | ) | $ | (17,864 | ) | $ | | (71,133 | ) | ||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
23,486 | |||||||||||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 8,525 | ||||||||||||||
Cash provided by operating activities increased by $16.2 million, or 29%, from $56.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $72.4 million in the same period of 2008. The overall increase was primarily attributable to the increase in PVRs natural gas midstream segments operating income, partially offset by increased cash outflows for derivative settlements.
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Capital Expenditures
The following table sets forth capital expenditures by segment during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||
(in thousands) | ||||||
Coal and natural resource management |
||||||
Acquisitions |
$ | 24,579 | $ | 52,456 | ||
Expansion capital |
| 52 | ||||
Other property and equipment |
110 | 85 | ||||
Total |
24,689 | 52,593 | ||||
Natural gas midstream |
||||||
Acquisitions |
67,651 | | ||||
Expansion capital |
35,026 | 12,540 | ||||
Other property and equipment |
7,031 | 4,635 | ||||
Total |
109,708 | 17,175 | ||||
Total capital expenditures |
$ | 134,397 | $ | 69,768 | ||
In the six months ended June 30, 2008, PVRs natural gas midstream segment made aggregate capital expenditures of $109.7 million, primarily related to PVRs 25% member interest acquisition of Thunder Creek, a deposit paid in connection with the acquisition of Lone Star Gathering, L.P. (Lone Star Acquisition) and expansion capital expenditures related to the Spearman Natural Gas Processing Plant in the Texas Panhandle (Spearman plant) and Crossroads Natural Gas Processing Plant in East Texas (Crossroads plant).
In April 2008, PVRs natural gas midstream segment acquired a gathering business in north Texas for approximately $7.8 million, which expanded PVRs existing gathering system in the Beaver/Perryton area. In May 2008, PVRs coal and natural resource management segment acquired approximately 29 million tons of coal reserves and an estimated 56 million board feet of hardwood timber in western Virginia and eastern Kentucky for approximately $24.5 million, after customary closing adjustments. These acquisitions were funded by borrowings under the PVR Revolver.
In the six months ended June 30, 2007, PVRs coal and natural resource management segment made aggregate capital expenditures of $52.6 million, primarily related to acquisitions of coal reserves, a preparation plant and coal handling facilities. In the six months ended June 30, 2007, PVRs natural gas midstream segment made aggregate capital expenditures of $17.2 million, primarily for natural gas midstream system expansion projects.
PVR funded its coal and natural resource management and natural gas midstream capital expenditures in the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 primarily with cash provided by operating activities and borrowings under the PVR Revolver.
PVRs distributions to its partners increased to $50.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2008 from $43.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007, because PVR increased the quarterly unit distribution from $0.41 per unit to $0.45 per unit.
PVR had net repayments of $30.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2008, comprised of net repayments of $24.6 million under the PVR Revolver and net repayments of $6.0 million under the Senior Unsecured Notes due 2013 (the PVR Notes). PVR received net proceeds of $138.1 million from the sale of its common units in a public offering in the second quarter of 2008 and $2.9 in contributions from its general partner in order to maintain its 2% general partner interest. These proceeds and contributions were partially offset by capital expenditures of $134.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2008. This is compared to $57.0 million of net borrowings in the six months ended June 30, 2007, comprised of net borrowings of $62.0 million under the Revolver and net repayments of $5.0 million under the PVR Notes. Funds from the borrowings in the six months ended June 30, 2007 were primarily used for capital expenditures.
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Long-Term Debt
As of June 30, 2008, we had no outstanding borrowings other than the borrowings of PVR discussed below, which are included in our condensed consolidated financial statements.
As of June 30, 2008, PVR had outstanding borrowings of $381.5 million, consisting of $323.1 million borrowed under the PVR Revolver and $58.1 million due under the PVR Notes. The current portion of the PVR Notes as of June 30, 2008 was $58.1 million.
PVR Revolver. As of June 30, 2008, PVR had $323.1 million outstanding under the PVR Revolver that matures in December 2011. On April 9, 2008, the available borrowings under the PVR Revolver increased to $600.0 million. The PVR Revolver is available to PVR for general purposes, including working capital, capital expenditures and acquisitions, and includes a $10.0 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit. PVR had outstanding letters of credit of $1.6 million as of June 30, 2008. At the current $600.0 million limit on the PVR Revolver, and given the outstanding balance of $323.1 million, net of $1.6 million of letters of credit, PVR could borrow up to $275.3 million. In August 2008, PVR increased its available borrowings under the PVR Revolver from $600.0 million to $700.0 million and secured the PVR Revolver with substantially all of PVRs assets. In the six months ended June 30, 2008, PVR incurred commitment fees of $0.2 million on the unused portion of the PVR Revolver. The interest rate under the PVR Revolver fluctuates based on the ratio of PVRs total indebtedness-to-EBITDA. Interest is payable at a base rate plus an applicable margin of up to 0.75% if PVR selects the base rate borrowing option under the PVR Revolver or at a rate derived from LIBOR plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.75% if PVR selects the LIBOR-based borrowing option. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings outstanding under the PVR Revolver in the six months ended June 30, 2008 was 4.6%.
The financial covenants under the PVR Revolver require PVR not to exceed specified debt-to-consolidated EBITDA and consolidated EBITDA-to-interest expense ratios. The PVR Revolver prohibits PVR from making distributions to its partners if any potential default, or event of default, as defined in the PVR Revolver, occurs or would result from the distributions. In addition, the PVR Revolver contains various covenants that limit, among other things, PVRs ability to incur indebtedness, grant liens, make certain loans, acquisitions and investments, make any material change to the nature of its business, acquire another company or enter into a merger or sale of assets, including the sale or transfer of interests in its subsidiaries. As of June 30, 2008, PVR was in compliance with all of its covenants under the PVR Revolver.
PVR Notes. As of June 30, 2008, PVR owed $58.1 million under the PVR Notes. The PVR Notes bore interest at a fixed rate of 6.02% and were scheduled to mature in March 2013, with semi-annual principal and interest payments.
In June 2008, PVR notified the holders of the PVR Notes that it would prepay 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the PVR Notes as provided in the Notes Purchase Agreements governing the PVR Notes. In July 2008, PVR paid an aggregate of $63.3 million to the noteholders, which amount consists of approximately $58.4 million aggregate principal amount outstanding on the PVR Notes, $1.1 million in accrued and unpaid interest on the PVR Notes through the prepayment date and $3.8 million in make-whole amounts due in connection with the prepayment of the PVR Notes. The Notes were repaid with borrowings under the PVR Revolver. As a result of calling these notes in June 2008, PVR reclassified the PVR Notes to the current liabilities section of its condensed consolidated balance sheets.
PVR Interest Rate Swaps. PVR has entered into interest rate swap agreements (the PVR Revolver Swaps) to establish fixed rates on a portion of the outstanding borrowings under the PVR Revolver. Until March 2010, the notional amounts of the PVR Revolver Swaps total $160.0 million. From March 2010 to December 2011, the notional amounts of the PVR Revolver Swaps total $100.0 million. Until March 2010, PVR will pay a weighted average fixed rate of 4.33% on the notional amount, and the counterparties will pay a variable rate equal to the three-month LIBOR. From March 2010 to December 2011, PVR will pay a weighted average fixed rate of 4.40% on the notional amount, and the counterparties will pay a variable rate equal to the three-month LIBOR. Settlements on the PVR Revolver Swaps are recorded as interest expense. The PVR Revolver Swaps are designated as cash flow hedges. Accordingly, the effective portion of the change in the fair value of the swap transactions is recorded each period in other comprehensive income. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value, if any, is recorded to current period earnings in
21
interest expense. After considering the applicable margin of 1.25% in effect as of June 30, 2008, the total interest rate on the $160.0 million portion of PVR Revolver borrowings covered by the PVR Revolver Swaps was 5.58% at June 30, 2008. In August 2008, PVR entered into an additional interest rate swap with a notional amount of $50.0 million. PVR will pay a weighted average interest rate of 3.877% on the notional amount, and the counterparties will pay a variable rate equal to the three month LIBOR.
PVR Unit Offering
In the second quarter of 2008, PVR issued 5.15 million common PVR limited partner units to the public representing limited partner interests and received $138.1 million in net proceeds. We made contributions to PVR of $2.9 million in order to maintain our 2% general partner interest. The net proceeds were used to repay a portion of our borrowings under the PVR Revolver.
Future Capital Needs and Commitments
Currently, we have no capital requirements. In the future, we may decide to facilitate PVR acquisitions by providing debt or equity to PVR.
Part of PVRs strategy is to make acquisitions and other capital expenditures which increase cash available for distribution to its unitholders. PVRs ability to make these acquisitions in the future will depend in part on the availability of debt financing and on its ability to periodically use equity financing through the issuance of new common units, which will depend on various factors, including prevailing market conditions, interest rates and its financial condition and credit rating. For the remainder of 2008, in addition to the acquisitions mentioned above and in the subsequent events footnote to the financial statements included in this filing, PVR anticipates making capital expenditures, excluding acquisitions, of $7.5 million, consisting of $2.2 million in the coal and natural resource management segment and $5.3 million in the natural gas midstream segment. PVR intends to fund these capital expenditures with a combination of cash flows provided by operating activities, borrowings under the PVR Revolver and possibly with the issuance of additional debt securities. PVR makes quarterly cash distributions of its available cash, generally defined as all of its cash and cash equivalents on hand at the end of each quarter less cash reserves. PVR believes that it will continue to have adequate liquidity to fund future recurring operating and investing activities. Short-term cash requirements, such as operating expenses and quarterly distributions to PVRs general partner and unitholders, are expected to be funded through operating cash flows. Long-term cash requirements for asset acquisitions are expected to be funded by several sources, including cash flows from operating activities, borrowings under credit facilities and the issuance of additional equity and debt securities.
Results of Operations
Selected Financial Data Consolidated
The following table sets forth a summary of certain consolidated financial data for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
(in thousands, except per unit data) | ||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 276,505 | $ | 144,144 | $ | 433,319 | $ | 268,344 | ||||
Expenses |
$ | 232,738 | $ | 117,308 | $ | 358,934 | $ | 219,930 | ||||
Operating income |
$ | 43,767 | $ | 26,836 | $ | 74,385 | $ | 48,414 | ||||
Net income |
$ | 6,062 | $ | 8,301 | $ | 22,864 | $ | 16,021 | ||||
Net income per limited partner unit, basic and diluted |
$ | 0.16 | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.59 | $ | 0.41 | ||||
Cash flows provided by operating activities |
$ | 44,462 | $ | 33,545 | $ | 72,441 | $ | 56,172 |
22
Operating income increased by $16.9 million in the three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same period of 2007 primarily due to a $12.6 million increase in natural gas midstream gross margin and a $7.6 million increase in coal royalties revenues, partially offset by a $3.2 million increase in operating expenses and a $3.1 million increase in depreciation, depletion and amortization expense (DD&A). Operating income increased by $26.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same period of 2007 primarily due to a $22.4 million increase in natural gas midstream gross margin and a $6.6 million increase in coal royalties revenues, partially offset by a $4.5 million increase in DD&A.
Net income decreased by $2.2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007 primarily due to a $22.4 million increase in derivative expenses, partially offset by the $16.9 million increase in operating income. Net income increased by $6.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007 primarily due to the $26.0 million increase in operating income, partially offset by a $12.0 million increase in derivative expenses.
The assets, liabilities and earnings of PVR are fully consolidated in our financial statements, with the public unitholders ownership interest and PVAs ownership interest (61%, after the effect of IDRs, as of June 30, 2008) reflected as a minority interest in our condensed consolidated financial statements.
PVR Coal and Natural Resource Management Segment
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 Compared With the Three Months Ended June 30, 2007
The following table sets forth a summary of certain financial and other data for the PVR coal and natural resource management segment and the percentage change for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Three Months Ended June 30, | % Change |
||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
(in thousands, except as noted) | |||||||||||
Financial Highlights |
|||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||
Coal royalties |
$ | 31,641 | $ | 24,029 | 32 | % | |||||
Coal services |
1,841 | 2,092 | (12 | )% | |||||||
Timber |
1,833 | 238 | 670 | % | |||||||
Oil and gas royalty |
1,556 | 306 | 408 | % | |||||||
Other |
2,185 | 1,745 | 25 | % | |||||||
Total revenues |
39,056 | 28,410 | 37 | % | |||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||
Coal royalties expense |
3,397 | 1,820 | 87 | % | |||||||
Other operating |
505 | 694 | (27 | )% | |||||||
Taxes other than income |
371 | 267 | 39 | % | |||||||
General and administrative |
3,274 | 2,743 | 19 | % | |||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
7,526 | 5,320 | 41 | % | |||||||
Total expenses |
15,073 | 10,844 | 39 | % | |||||||
Operating income |
$ | 23,983 | $ | 17,566 | 37 | % | |||||
Operating Statistics |
|||||||||||
Royalty coal tons produced by lessees (tons in thousands) |
8,839 | 8,060 | 10 | % | |||||||
Average royalties revenues per ton ($/ton) |
$ | 3.58 | $ | 2.98 | 20 | % | |||||
Less royalties expense per ton ($/ton) |
(0.38 | ) | (0.23 | ) | 65 | % | |||||
Average net coal royalties per ton ($/ton) |
$ | 3.20 | $ | 2.75 | 16 | % | |||||
23
Revenues. Coal royalties revenues increased by $7.6 million, or 32%, from $24.0 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $31.6 million in the same period of 2008. Coal royalties expense increased by $1.6 million, or 87%, from $1.8 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $3.4 million in the same period of 2008 due primarily to the timing of longwall mining in Central Appalachia. Tons produced by PVRs lessees increased by 0.7 million tons, or 10%, from 8.1 million tons in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to 8.8 million tons in the same period of 2008, which was due primarily to increases in production in the Illinois Basin. The increase in this region was due primarily to the June 2007 acquisition of lease rights to coal reserves in western Kentucky, where PVR first recorded production in August 2007.
PVRs average net coal royalty per ton, which represents the average coal royalties revenue per ton, net of coal royalties expense, increased by $0.45 per ton, or 16%, from $2.75 per ton in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $3.20 per ton in the same period of 2008. The increase in the average net coal royalty per ton was due primarily to the increase in average royalty revenues per ton received in Central Appalachia, partially offset by lower royalty revenues per ton received from the aforementioned Illinois Basin acquisition. The increase in average royalty revenues per ton received in Central Appalachia was due primarily to higher coal prices for the region. The decrease in the Illinois Basin was due primarily to a lower royalty rate per ton on the newly acquired lease rights.
The following table summarizes coal production, coal royalties revenues and coal royalties per ton by region for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Coal Production | Coal Royalties Revenues | Coal Royalties Per Ton | ||||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Three Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||||||||
Property |
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||
(tons in thousands) | (in thousands) | ($/ton) | ||||||||||||||||||
Central Appalachia |
5,144 | 5,018 | $ | 24,450 | $ | 18,274 | $ | 4.75 | $ | 3.64 | ||||||||||
Northern Appalachia |
1,110 | 1,080 | 1,857 | 1,654 | 1.67 | 1.53 | ||||||||||||||
Illinois Basin |
1,119 | 501 | 2,312 | 1,180 | 2.07 | 2.36 | ||||||||||||||
San Juan Basin |
1,466 | 1,461 | 3,022 | 2,921 | 2.06 | 2.00 | ||||||||||||||
Total |
8,839 | 8,060 | $ | 31,641 | $ | 24,029 | $ | 3.58 | $ | 2.98 | ||||||||||
Less coal royalties expense (1) |
(3,397 | ) | (1,820 | ) | (0.38 | ) | (0.23 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net coal royalties revenues |
$ | 28,244 | $ | 22,209 | $ | 3.20 | $ | 2.75 | ||||||||||||
(1) | PVRs coal royalties expense are incurred primarily in the Central Appalachian region. |
Coal services revenues decreased by $0.3 million, or 12%, from $2.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $1.8 million in the same period of 2008. This decrease is due primarily to the exhaustion of a fee related to a plant in West Virginia. Timber revenues increased by $1.6 million, or 670%, from $0.2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $1.8 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to the effects of PVRs September 2007 forestland acquisition. Oil and gas royalty revenues increased by $1.3 million, or 408%, from $0.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $1.6 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to the increased royalties resulting from PVRs October 2007 oil and gas royalty interest acquisition. Other revenues, which consisted primarily of wheelage fees, forfeiture income and management fee income, increased by $0.5 million, or 25%, from $1.7 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $2.2 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to increased wheelage income in the Central Appalachian region related to an increase in sales prices.
Expenses. Other operating expenses decreased by $0.2 million, or 27%, from $0.7 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $0.5 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to the timing of core drilling activities. Taxes other than income increased by $0.1 million, or 39%, from $0.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $0.4 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to an increase in severance taxes paid on sales related to PVRs timber leases. General and administrative expenses increased by $0.6 million, or 19%, from $2.7 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $3.3 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to increased staffing costs. DD&A expenses increased by $2.2 million, or 41%, from $5.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $7.5 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to increased depletion resulting from PVRs forestland acquisition in September 2007 and PVRs oil and gas royalty interest acquisition in October 2007.
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Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 Compared With the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007
The following table sets forth a summary of certain financial and other data for the PVR coal and natural resource management segment and the percentage change for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Six Months Ended June 30, | % Change |
||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
(in thousands, except as noted) | |||||||||||
Financial Highlights |
|||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||
Coal royalties |
$ | 55,603 | $ | 49,029 | 13 | % | |||||
Coal services |
3,703 | 3,693 | 0 | % | |||||||
Timber |
3,417 | 417 | 719 | % | |||||||
Oil and gas royalty |
2,790 | 583 | 379 | % | |||||||
Other |
3,837 | 3,172 | 21 | % | |||||||
Total revenues |
69,350 | 56,894 | 22 | % | |||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||
Coal royalties expense |
5,909 | 3,603 | 64 | % | |||||||
Other operating |
736 | 1,066 | (31 | )% | |||||||
Taxes other than income |
742 | 590 | 26 | % | |||||||
General and administrative |
6,459 | 5,359 | 21 | % | |||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
13,939 | 10,810 | 29 | % | |||||||
Total expenses |
27,785 | 21,428 | 30 | % | |||||||
Operating income |
$ | 41,565 | $ | 35,466 | 17 | % | |||||
Operating Statistics |
|||||||||||
Royalty coal tons produced by lessees (tons in thousands) |
16,479 | 16,344 | 1 | % | |||||||
Average royalties revenues per ton ($/ton) |
$ | 3.37 | $ | 3.00 | 12 | % | |||||
Less royalties expense per ton ($/ton) |
(0.36 | ) | (0.22 | ) | 64 | % | |||||
Average net coal royalties per ton ($/ton) |
$ | 3.01 | $ | 2.78 | 8 | % | |||||
Revenues. Coal royalties revenues increased by $6.6 million, or 13%, from $49.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $55.6 million in the same period of 2008. Coal royalties expense increased by $2.3 million, or 64%, from $3.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $5.9 million in the same period of 2008 due primarily to the timing of longwall mining in Central Appalachia. Total tons produced by PVRs lessees remained relatively constant from the six months ended June 30, 2007 to the same period in 2008, due primarily to increased production in the Illinois Basin that was mostly offset by decreased production in Northern Appalachia. The increased production in the Illinois Basin was primarily due to the June 2007 acquisition of lease rights to coal reserves in western Kentucky, where PVR first recorded production in August 2007. The decreased production in Northern Appalachia was due to adverse conditions related to longwall production.
PVRs average net coal royalty per ton, which represents the average coal royalties revenue per ton, net of coal royalties expense, increased by $0.23 per ton, or 8%, from $2.78 per ton in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $3.01 per ton in the same period of 2008. The increase in the average net coal royalty per ton was due primarily to an increase in average royalty revenues per ton received in Central Appalachia, partially offset by lower royalty revenues per ton received form the aforementioned Illinois Basin acquisition. The increase in average royalty revenues per ton received in Central Appalachia was due primarily to higher coal prices for the region. The decrease in the Illinois Basin was due primarily to a lower royalty rate per ton on the newly acquired lease rights.
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The following table summarizes coal production, coal royalties revenues and coal royalties per ton by region for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Coal Production | Coal Royalties Revenues | Coal Royalties Per Ton | ||||||||||||||||||
Six Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||||||||
Property |
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||
(tons in thousands) | (in thousands) | ($/ton) | ||||||||||||||||||
Central Appalachia |
9,955 | 9,975 | $ | 43,029 | $ | 37,184 | $ | 4.32 | $ | 3.73 | ||||||||||
Northern Appalachia |
1,784 | 2,450 | 2,991 | 3,757 | 1.68 | 1.53 | ||||||||||||||
Illinois Basin |
2,152 | 1,120 | 4,250 | 2,487 | 1.97 | 2.22 | ||||||||||||||
San Juan Basin |
2,588 | 2,799 | 5,333 | 5,601 | 2.06 | 2.00 | ||||||||||||||
Total |
16,479 | 16,344 | $ | 55,603 | $ | 49,029 | $ | 3.37 | $ | 3.00 | ||||||||||
Less coal royalties expense (1) |
(5,909 | ) | (3,603 | ) | (0.36 | ) | (0.22 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net coal royalties revenues |
$ | 49,694 | $ | 45,426 | $ | 3.01 | $ | 2.78 | ||||||||||||
(1) | PVRs coal royalties expense are incurred primarily in the Central Appalachian region. |
Coal services revenues remained relatively constant from the six months ended June 30, 2007 to the same period of 2008. Timber revenues increased by $3.0 million, or 719%, from $0.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $3.4 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to the effects of PVRs September 2007 forestland acquisition. Oil and gas royalty revenues increased by $2.2 million, or 379%, from $0.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $2.8 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to the increased royalties resulting from PVRs October 2007 oil and gas royalty interest acquisition. Other revenues, which consisted primarily of wheelage fees, forfeiture income and management fee income, increased by $0.6 million, or 21%, from $3.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $3.8 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to increased wheelage income in the Central Appalachian region related to an increase in sales prices.
Expenses. Other operating expenses decreased by $0.4 million, or 31%, from $1.1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $0.7 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to the timing of core drilling activities. Taxes other than income increased by $0.1 million, or 26%, from $0.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $0.7 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to an increase in severance taxes paid on sales related to PVRs timber leases. General and administrative expenses increased by $1.1 million, or 21%, from $5.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $6.5 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to increased staffing costs. DD&A expenses increased by $3.1 million, or 29%, from $10.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $13.9 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to increased depletion resulting from PVRs forestland acquisition in September 2007 and PVRs oil and gas royalty interest acquisition in October 2007.
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PVR Natural Gas Midstream Segment
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 Compared With the Three Months Ended June 30, 2007
The following table sets forth a summary of certain financial and other data for the PVR natural gas midstream segment and the percentage change for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Three Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | % Change | |||||||||
(in thousands, except as noted) | |||||||||||
Financial Highlights |
|||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||
Residue gas |
$ | 153,537 | $ | 69,384 | 121 | % | |||||
Natural gas liquids |
70,507 | 41,162 | 71 | % | |||||||
Condensate |
8,452 | 3,157 | 168 | % | |||||||
Gathering and transportation fees |
2,301 | 704 | 227 | % | |||||||
Total natural gas midstream revenues (1) |
234,797 | 114,407 | 105 | % | |||||||
Equity earnings in equity investment |
556 | | | ||||||||
Producer services |
2,096 | 1,327 | 58 | % | |||||||
Total revenues |
237,449 | 115,734 | 105 | % | |||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||
Cost of midstream gas purchased (1) |
202,819 | 95,077 | 113 | % | |||||||
Operating |
4,817 | 2,983 | 61 | % | |||||||
Taxes other than income |
605 | 336 | 80 | % | |||||||
General and administrative |
3,469 | 3,020 | 15 | % | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
5,393 | 4,502 | 20 | % | |||||||
Total operating expenses |
217,103 | 105,918 | 105 | % | |||||||
Operating income |
$ | 20,346 | $ | 9,816 | 107 | % | |||||
Operating Statistics |
|||||||||||
System throughput volumes (MMcf) |
23,884 | 17,019 | 40 | % | |||||||
System throughput volumes (MMcf/day) |
262 | 187 | 40 | % | |||||||
Gross margin |
$ | 31,978 | $ | 19,330 | 65 | % | |||||
Impact of derivatives |
(8,186 | ) | (904 | ) | 806 | % | |||||
Gross margin, adjusted for impact of derivatives |
$ | 23,792 | $ | 18,426 | 29 | % | |||||
Gross margin ($/Mcf) |
$ | 1.34 | $ | 1.14 | 18 | % | |||||
Impact of derivatives ($/Mcf) |
(0.34 | ) | (0.05 | ) | 580 | % | |||||
Gross margin, adjusted for impact of derivatives ($/Mcf) |
$ | 1.00 | $ | 1.09 | (8 | )% | |||||
(1) | In the three months ended June 30, 2008, PVR recorded $49.8 million of natural gas midstream revenue and $49.8 million for the cost of midstream gas purchased related to the purchase of natural gas from Penn Virginia Oil & Gas, L.P. (PVOG) and the subsequent sale of that gas to third parties. These transactions do not impact the gross margin. |
Gross Margin. PVRs gross margin is the difference between natural gas midstream revenues and the cost of midstream gas purchased. Natural gas midstream revenues included residue gas sold from processing plants after NGLs were removed, NGLs sold after being removed from system throughput volumes received, condensate collected and sold and gathering and other fees primarily from natural gas volumes connected to PVRs gas processing plants. Cost of midstream gas purchased consisted of amounts payable to third-party producers for natural gas purchased under percentage-of-proceeds and gas purchase/keep-whole contracts.
Natural gas midstream revenues increased by $120.4 million, or 105%, from $114.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $234.8 million in the same period of 2008. Cost of midstream gas purchased increased by $107.7 million, or 113%, from $95.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $202.8 million in the same period of 2008. PVRs gross margin increased by $12.7 million, or 65%, from $19.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $32.0 million in the same period of 2008. The gross margin increase was a result of increased commodity pricing, increased system throughput volumes and higher fractionation, or frac spreads during the three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same period of 2007. Frac spreads are the difference between the price of NGLs sold and the cost of natural gas purchased on a per MMBtu basis.
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System throughput volumes increased by 75 MMcfd, or 40%, from 187 MMcfd in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to 262 MMcfd in the same period of 2008. This increase in throughput volumes is due primarily to the Crossroads plant in East Texas, which became fully operational in the second quarter of 2008. Also, the continued successful development by producers operating in the vicinity of PVRs systems, as well as PVRs success in contracting and connecting new supply contributed to the increase in throughput volume.
In the second quarter of 2008, two expansion projects related to PVRs natural gas processing facilities were operational. These two natural gas processing facilities included the Spearman plant in the Texas Panhandle, which was placed into service in February 2008 and has approximately 60 MMcfd capacity, and the Crossroads plant in East Texas, which was placed in service in April 2008 and has approximately 80 MMcfd capacity. The Crossroads plant will process most of the Cotton Valley gas production for Penn Virginia, and the Spearman plant will process gas that had previously bypassed the Beaver plant.
During the three months ended June 30, 2008, PVR generated a majority of its gross margin from contractual arrangements under which PVRs margin is exposed to increases and decreases in the price of natural gas and NGLs. As part of PVRs risk management strategy, we use derivative financial instruments to economically hedge NGLs sold and natural gas purchased. Adjusted for the impact of derivative financial instruments, PVRs gross margin increased by $5.4 million, or 29%, from $18.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $23.8 million for the same period of 2008. On a per Mcf basis, the gross margin adjusted for the impact of derivatives decreased by $0.09, or 8%, from $1.09 per Mcf in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $1.00 per Mcf in the same period of 2008. The decrease in gross margin on a per Mcf basis was due to an increase in fee-based volumes associated with the Crossroads plant.
Producer Services. Producer services revenues increased by $0.8 million, or 58%, from $1.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $2.1 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to an increase in collected agent fees for the marketing of Penn Virginias and other third parties natural gas production.
Equity Earnings in Equity Investment. This increase is due to PVRs 25% member interest in Thunder Creek, a joint venture that gathers and transports coalbed methane in Wyomings Powder River Basin. PVR acquired this member interest in the second quarter of 2008.
Expenses. Total operating costs and expenses increased primarily due to increases in operating expenses, taxes other than income, general and administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization.
Operating expenses increased by $1.8 million, or 61%, from $3.0 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $4.8 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to expenses related to PVRs expanding footprint in areas of operation, including the addition of the Spearman and Crossroads plants. Taxes other than income increased by $0.3 million, or 80%, from $0.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $0.6 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to increased property taxes resulting from the construction of the Spearman and Crossroads plants. General and administrative expenses increased by $0.5 million, or 15%, from $3.0 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $3.5 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to increased staffing costs. Depreciation and amortization expenses increased by $0.9 million, or 20%, from $4.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $5.4 million in the same period of 2008. This increase is primarily due to expansion capital incurred, which includes the Spearman and Crossroads plants.
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Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 Compared With the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007
The following table sets forth a summary of certain financial and other data for the PVR natural gas midstream segment and the percentage change for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | % Change | |||||||||
(in thousands, except as noted) | |||||||||||
Financial Highlights |
|||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||
Residue gas |
$ | 215,204 | $ | 129,064 | 67 | % | |||||
Natural gas liquids |
126,704 | 73,150 | 73 | % | |||||||
Condensate |
14,668 | 6,073 | 142 | % | |||||||
Gathering and transportation fees |
3,269 | 1,438 | 127 | % | |||||||
Total natural gas midstream revenues (1) |
359,845 | 209,725 | 72 | % | |||||||
Equity earnings in equity investment |
556 | | | ||||||||
Producer services |
3,568 | 1,725 | 107 | % | |||||||
Total revenues |
363,969 | 211,450 | 72 | % | |||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||
Cost of midstream gas purchased (1) |
302,516 | 174,808 | 73 | % | |||||||
Operating |
8,867 | 6,342 | 40 | % | |||||||
Taxes other than income |
1,306 | 856 | 53 | % | |||||||
General and administrative |
6,802 | 6,043 | 13 | % | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
10,480 | 9,145 | 15 | % | |||||||
Total operating expenses |
329,971 | 197,194 | 67 | % | |||||||
Operating income |
$ | 33,998 | $ | 14,256 | 138 | % | |||||
Operating Statistics |
|||||||||||
System throughput volumes (MMcf) |
41,171 | 32,919 | 25 | % | |||||||
System throughput volumes (MMcf/day) |
226 | 182 | 24 | % | |||||||
Gross margin |
$ | 57,329 | $ | 34,917 | 64 | % | |||||
Impact of derivatives |
(16,600 | ) | (2,133 | ) | 678 | % | |||||
Gross margin, adjusted for impact of derivatives |
$ | 40,729 | $ | 32,784 | 24 | % | |||||
Gross margin ($/Mcf) |
$ | 1.39 | $ | 1.06 | 31 | % | |||||
Impact of derivatives ($/Mcf) |
(0.40 | ) | (0.07 | ) | 471 | % | |||||
Gross margin, adjusted for impact of derivatives ($/Mcf) |
$ | 0.99 | $ | 0.99 | | ||||||
(1) | In the six months ended June 30, 2008, PVR recorded $49.8 million of natural gas midstream revenue and $49.8 million for the cost of midstream gas purchased related to the purchase of natural gas from PVOG and the subsequent sale of that gas to third parties. These transactions do not impact the gross margin. |
Gross Margin. Natural gas midstream revenues increased by $150.1 million, or 72%, from $209.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $359.8 million in the same period of 2008. Cost of midstream gas purchased increased by $127.7 million, or 73%, from $174.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $302.5 million in the same period of 2008. PVRs gross margin increased by $22.4 million, or 64%, from $34.9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $57.3 million in the same period of 2008. The gross margin increase was a result of increased commodity pricing, increased system throughput volumes and higher fractionation, or frac spreads during the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same period of 2007. Frac spreads are the difference between the price of NGLs sold and the cost of natural gas purchased on a per MMBtu basis.
System throughput volumes increased by 44 MMcfd, or 24%, from 182 MMcfd in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to 226 MMcfd in the same period of 2008. This increase in throughput volumes is due primarily to the Crossroads plant in East Texas, which became fully operational in the second quarter of 2008. Also, the continued successful development by producers operating in the vicinity of PVRs systems, as well as PVRs success in contracting and connecting new supply contributed to the increase in throughput volume.
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In the second quarter of 2008, two expansion projects related to PVRs natural gas processing facilities were operational. These two natural gas processing facilities included the Spearman plant in the Texas Panhandle, which was placed into service in February 2008 and has approximately 60 MMcfd capacity and the Crossroads plant in East Texas, which was placed in service in April 2008 and has approximately 80 MMcfd capacity. The Crossroads plant will process most of the Cotton Valley gas production for Penn Virginia, and the Spearman plant will process gas that had previously bypassed the Beaver plant.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, PVR generated a majority of its gross margin from contractual arrangements under which its gross margin is exposed to increases and decreases in the price of natural gas and NGLs. As part of PVRs risk management strategy, PVR uses derivative financial instruments to economically hedge NGLs sold and natural gas purchased. Adjusted for the impact of derivative financial instruments, PVRs gross margin increased by $7.9 million, or 24%, from $32.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $40.7 million for the same period of 2008. On a per Mcf basis, the gross margin adjusted for the impact of derivatives remained relatively constant in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to the same period of 2008.
Producer Services. Producer services revenues increased by $1.9 million, or 107%, from $1.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $3.6 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to an increase in collected agent fees for the marketing of Penn Virginias and other third parties natural gas production.
Equity Earnings in Equity Investment. This increase is due to PVRs 25% member interest in Thunder Creek, a joint venture that gathers and transports coalbed methane in Wyomings Powder River Basin. PVR acquired this member interest in the second quarter of 2008.
Expenses. Total operating costs and expenses increased primarily due to increases in operating expenses, taxes other than income, general and administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization.
Operating expenses increased by $2.6 million, or 40%, from $6.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $8.9 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to expenses related to PVRs expanding footprint in areas of operation, including the addition of the Spearman and Crossroads plants. Taxes other than income increased by $0.4 million, or 53%, from $0.9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $1.3 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to increased property taxes resulting from the construction of the Spearman and Crossroads plants. General and administrative expenses increased by $0.8 million, or 13%, from $6.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $6.8 million in the same period of 2008 primarily due to increased staffing costs. Depreciation and amortization expenses increased by $1.4 million, or 15%, from $9.1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $10.5 million in the same period of 2008. This increase is primarily due to expansion capital incurred, which includes the Spearman and Crossroads plants.
Corporate and Other
Our corporate and other results consist of corporate operating expenses, interest expense, derivative expenses and minority interest.
Corporate Operating Expenses. Corporate operating expenses primarily consist of general and administrative expenses other than from the PVR coal and natural resource management and PVR natural gas midstream segments. Corporate operating expenses remained relatively constant from both the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 to the same periods of 2008.
Interest Expense. Interest expense increased by $1.8 million, or 49%, from $3.6 million in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $5.4 million in the same period of 2008. This increase is primarily due to the increase in PVRs average debt balance, which increased from $241.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $411.8 million for the same period of 2008. The increase in PVRs average debt balance is due primarily to acquisitions and expansion activity. PVR also capitalized $0.2 million of interest costs in the three months ended June 30, 2008 related to the construction of the Spearman and Crossroads plants. PVR had no capitalized interest in the three months ended June 30, 2007.
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Interest expense increased by $3.1 million, or 44%, from $7.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $10.3 million in the same period of 2008. This increase is primarily due to the increase in PVRs average debt balance, which increased from $232.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $411.9 million for the same period of 2008. The increase in PVRs average debt balance is due primarily to acquisitions and expansion activity. PVR also capitalized $0.7 million of interest costs in the six months ended June 30, 2008 related to the construction of the Spearman and Crossroads plants. PVR had no capitalized interest in the six months ended June 30, 2007.
Derivatives. Our results of operations and operating cash flows were impacted by changes in market prices for NGLs, crude oil and natural gas prices. Commodity markets are volatile, and as a result, PVRs hedging activity results can vary significantly. Our results of operations are affected by the volatility of changes in fair value, which fluctuate with changes in NGL, crude oil and natural gas prices.
Commodity prices increased substantially in the second quarter of 2008, resulting in derivative expenses of $29.9 million for changes in fair value. Cash paid for settlements totaled $9.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008. The derivative expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007 were $7.6 million for changes in fair value. Cash paid for settlements totaled $2.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007.
Primarily due to the increase in commodity prices in the six months ended June 30, 2008, derivative expenses were $22.2 million for changes in fair value. Cash paid for settlements totaled $19.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008. The derivative expenses in the six months ended June 30, 2007 were $10.2 million for changes in fair value. Cash paid for settlements totaled $4.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007.
Minority Interest. Minority interest represents net income allocated to the limited partner units owned by the public. In the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, minority interest reduced our consolidated income from operations by $0.7 million and $7.8 million. In the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, minority interest reduced our consolidated income from operations by $17.9 million and $15.9 million. The decrease in minority interest for the three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007 was primarily due the decrease in PVRs net income from $16.6 million to $9.5 million. The increase in minority interest for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was primarily due to the increase in PVRs net income from $33.0 million to $44.0 million.
Summary of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The process of preparing financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires our management to make estimates and judgments regarding certain items and transactions. It is possible that materially different amounts could be recorded if these estimates and judgments change or if the actual results differ from these estimates and judgments. We consider the following to be the most critical accounting policies which involve the judgment of our management.
Natural Gas Midstream Revenues
We recognize revenues from the sale of NGLs and residue gas when PVR sells the NGLs and residue gas produced at its gas processing plants. We recognize gathering and transportation revenues based upon actual volumes delivered. Due to the time needed to gather information from various purchasers and measurement locations and then calculate volumes delivered, the collection of natural gas midstream revenues may take up to 30 days following the month of production. Therefore, we make accruals for revenues and accounts receivable and the related cost of midstream gas purchased and accounts payable based on estimates of natural gas purchased and NGLs and residue gas sold. We record any differences, which have historically not been significant, between the actual amounts ultimately received or paid and the original estimates in the period they become finalized.
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Coal Royalties Revenues
We recognize coal royalties revenues on the basis of tons of coal sold by PVRs lessees and the corresponding revenues from those sales. Since PVR does not operate any coal mines, it does not have access to actual production and revenues information until approximately 30 days following the month of production. Therefore, our financial results include estimated revenues and accounts receivable for the month of production. We record any differences, which historically have not been significant, between the actual amounts ultimately received or paid and the original estimates in the period they become finalized.
Derivative Activities
Until 2006, we used hedge accounting for commodity derivative financial instruments as allowed under SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. Our commodity derivative financial instruments initially qualified as cash flow hedges, and changes in fair value from these contracts were deferred in accumulated comprehensive income until the hedged transactions settled. When we discontinued hedge accounting in 2006, a net loss remained in accumulated other comprehensive income. As the hedged transactions settled in 2006 and 2007, we and PVR recognized the deferred changes in fair value in revenues and cost of gas purchased in our condensed consolidated statements of income. As of June 30, 2008, PVR had $2.9 million of losses remaining in accumulated other comprehensive income. PVR will recognize these hedging losses during the remainder of 2008 as the hedged transactions settle.
Beginning in 2006, we began recognizing changes in fair value in earnings currently, rather than deferring such amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (partners capital). Because we no longer use hedge accounting for our commodity derivatives, we have experienced and could continue to experience significant changes in the estimate of derivative gains or losses recognized due to fluctuations in the value of these contracts. Our results of operations are affected by the potential volatility of changes in fair value, which fluctuate with changes in NGL, crude oil and natural gas prices. These fluctuations could be significant in a volatile pricing environment.
Equity Investments
PVR uses the equity method of accounting to account for its 25% member interest in Thunder Creek, as well as its investment in a coal handling joint venture, recording the initial investment at cost. Subsequently, the carrying amount of the investment is increased to reflect its share of income of the investee and is reduced to reflect its share of losses of the investee or distributions received from the investee as the joint ventures reports them. PVRs share of earnings or losses from Thunder Creek is included in other revenues on the condensed consolidated statements of income, and PVRs share of earnings and losses from the coal handling joint venture is included in coal services on the condensed consolidated statements of income. Other revenues and coal services revenues also include amortization of the amount of the equity investments that exceed our portion of the underlying equity in net assets. PVR records amortization over the life of the contracts acquired in the Thunder Creek acquisition and the life of the coal services contracts acquired in acquisition of the aforementioned coal handling joint venture.
Depletion
PVR depletes coal properties on an area-by-area basis at a rate based on the cost of the mineral properties and the number of tons of estimated proven and probable coal reserves contained therein. Proven and probable coal reserves have been estimated by PVRs own geologists and coal reserve engineers. PVRs estimates of coal reserves are updated periodically and may result in adjustments to coal reserves and depletion rates that are recognized prospectively. PVR depletes timber on an area-by-area basis at a rate based upon the quantity of timber sold. PVR determines depletion of oil and gas royalty interests by the units-of-production method and these amounts could change with revisions to estimated proved recoverable reserves.
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Goodwill
Under SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, and SFAS No. 142, goodwill recorded in connection with a business combination is not amortized, but tested for impairment at least annually. Accordingly, we do not amortize goodwill. We test goodwill for impairment during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are primarily associated with assumed contracts, customer relationships and rights-of-way. These intangible assets are amortized over periods of up to 15 years, the period in which benefits are derived from the contracts, relationships and rights-of-way, and are reviewed for impairment under SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.
Fair Value Measurements
We adopted SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, effective January 1, 2008, for financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis. SFAS No. 157 applies to all financial assets and financial liabilities that are being measured and reported on a fair value basis. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements. FASB Staff Position FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157, delays the application of SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities to fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008.
SFAS No. 157 requires fair value measurements to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
| Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. Level 1 inputs generally provide the most reliable evidence of fair value. |
| Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. |
| Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity). |
We use the following methods and assumptions to estimate the fair values of financial instruments:
| Commodity derivative instruments: The fair values of PVRs derivative agreements are determined based on forward price quotes for the respective commodities. This is a level 2 input. PVR generally uses the income approach, using valuation techniques that convert future cash flows to a single discounted value. The discount rates used in the discounted cash flow projections include a measure of nonperformance risk. See Note 7 Derivative Instruments in Item 1, Financial Statements, of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
| Interest rate swaps: PVR has entered into the PVR Revolver Swaps to establish fixed rates on a portion of the outstanding borrowings under the PVR Revolver. PVR estimates the fair value of the swaps based on published interest rate yield curves as of the date of the estimate. This is a level 2 input. The discount rates used in the discounted cash flow projections include a measure of nonperformance risk. See Note 7 Derivative Instruments in Item 1, Financial Statements, of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
Gain on Sale of Subsidiary Units
We account for PVR equity issuances as sales of minority interest. For each PVR equity issuance, we have calculated a gain under SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 51 (or Topic 5-H), Accounting for Sales of Stock by a Subsidiary (SAB 51). SAB 51 provides guidance on accounting for the effect of issuances of a subsidiarys stock on the parents investment in that subsidiary. In some situations, SAB 51 allows registrants to elect an accounting policy of recording gains or losses on issuances of stock by a subsidiary either in income or as a capital transaction. Accordingly, we adopted a policy of recording SAB 51 gains and losses directly to partners capital.
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Environmental Matters
PVRs operations and those of its lessees are subject to environmental laws and regulations adopted by various governmental authorities in the jurisdictions in which these operations are conducted. The terms of PVRs coal property leases impose liability on the relevant lessees for all environmental and reclamation liabilities arising under those laws and regulations. The lessees are bonded and have indemnified PVR against any and all future environmental liabilities. PVR regularly visits its coal properties to monitor lessee compliance with environmental laws and regulations and to review mining activities. PVRs management believes that its operations and those of its lessees comply with existing laws and regulations and does not expect any material impact on its financial condition or results of operations.
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, PVRs environmental liabilities included $1.3 million and $1.5 million, which represents PVRs best estimate of the liabilities as of those dates related to its coal and natural resource management and natural gas midstream businesses. PVR has reclamation bonding requirements with respect to certain unleased and inactive properties. Given the uncertainty of when a reclamation area will meet regulatory standards, a change in this estimate could occur in the future.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Item 1, Financial Statements, of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of recent accounting pronouncements.
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements contained herein that are not descriptions of historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Because such statements include risks, uncertainties and contingencies, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties and contingencies include, but are not limited to, the following:
| the volatility of commodity prices for natural gas, NGLs, crude oil and coal; |
| the relationship between natural gas, NGL and coal prices; |
| the projected demand for and supply of natural gas, NGLs and coal; |
| competition among producers in the coal industry generally and among natural gas midstream companies; |
| the extent to which the amount and quality of actual production of PVRs coal differs from estimated recoverable coal reserves; |
| PVRs ability to generate sufficient cash from its businesses to maintain and pay the quarterly distribution to its general partner and its unitholders; |
| the experience and financial condition of PVRs coal lessees and natural gas midstream customers, including PVRs lessees ability to satisfy their royalty, environmental, reclamation and other obligations to PVR and others; |
| operating risks, including unanticipated geological problems, incidental to PVRs coal and natural resource management or natural gas midstream business; |
| PVRs ability to acquire new coal reserves or natural gas midstream assets and new sources of natural gas supply and connections to third-party pipelines on satisfactory terms; |
| PVRs ability to retain existing or acquire new natural gas midstream customers and coal lessees; |
| the ability of PVRs lessees to produce sufficient quantities of coal on an economic basis from PVRs reserves and obtain favorable contracts for such production; |
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| the occurrence of unusual weather or operating conditions including force majeure events; |
| delays in anticipated start-up dates of PVRs lessees mining operations and related coal infrastructure projects and new processing plants in PVRs natural gas midstream business; |
| environmental risks affecting the mining of coal reserves or the production, gathering and processing of natural gas; |
| the timing of receipt of necessary governmental permits by PVR or its lessees; |
| hedging results; |
| accidents; |
| changes in governmental regulation or enforcement practices, especially with respect to environmental, health and safety matters, including with respect to emissions levels applicable to coal-burning power generators; |
| uncertainties relating to the outcome of current and future litigation regarding mine permitting; |
| risks and uncertainties relating to general domestic and international economic (including inflation, interest rates and financial market) and political conditions (including the impact of potential terrorist attacks); and |
| other risks set forth in Item 1A, Risk Factors, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. |
Additional information concerning these and other factors can be found in our press releases and public periodic filings with the SEC, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. Many of the factors that will determine our future results are beyond the ability of management to control or predict. Readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which reflect managements views only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements, or to make any other forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Item 3 | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices. The principal market risks to which PVR is exposed are natural gas, NGL, crude oil and coal price risks and interest rate risk.
PVR is also indirectly exposed to the credit risk of its customers and lessees. If its customers or lessees become financially insolvent, they may not be able to continue to operate or meet their payment obligations.
Price Risk Management
PVRs price risk management program permits the utilization of derivative financial instruments (such as futures, forwards, option contracts and swaps) to seek to mitigate the price risks associated with fluctuations in natural gas, NGL and crude oil prices as they relate to PVRs natural gas midstream business. The derivative financial instruments are placed with major financial institutions that PVR believes are of minimum credit risk. The fair values of PVRs price risk management activities are significantly affected by fluctuations in the prices of natural gas, NGLs and crude oil.
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, PVR reported a net derivative expense of $22.2 million. Until 2006, PVR used hedge accounting for commodity derivative financial instruments as allowed under SFAS No. 133. PVRs commodity derivative financial instruments initially qualified as cash flow hedges, and changes in fair value from these contracts were deferred in accumulated comprehensive income until the hedged transactions settled. When PVR discontinued hedge accounting in 2006, a loss remained in accumulated other comprehensive income. As the hedged transactions settled in 2006 and 2007, PVR recognized the deferred change in fair value in revenues and cost of gas purchased in our condensed consolidated statements of income. As of June 30, 2008, PVR had $2.9 million of losses remaining in accumulated other comprehensive income. PVR will recognize these hedging losses during the remainder of 2008 as the hedged transactions settle.
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Beginning in 2006, PVR began recognizing changes in fair value in earnings currently, rather than deferring such amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (partners capital). Because PVR no longer uses hedge accounting for its commodity derivatives, PVR has experienced and could continue to experience significant changes in the estimate of derivative gains or losses recognized due to fluctuations in the values of these contracts. PVRs results of operations are affected by the potential volatility of changes in fair value, which fluctuate with changes in natural gas, NGL and crude oil prices. These fluctuations could be significant in a volatile pricing environment.
The following table lists PVRs derivative agreements and their fair values as of June 30, 2008 (in thousands):
Weighted Average Price Collars |
|||||||||||||||||||
Average Volume Per Day |
Weighted Average Price |
Additional Put Option |
Put | Call | Estimated Fair Value |
||||||||||||||
Frac Spread |
(in MMBtu) | (per MMBtu) | |||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
7,824 | $ | 5.02 | $ | (5,944 | ) | |||||||||||||
Ethane Sale Swap |
(in gallons) | (per gallon) | |||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
34,440 | $ | 0.4700 | (4,774 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Propane Sale Swaps |
(in gallons) | (per gallon) | |||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
26,040 | $ | 0.7175 | (5,675 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Crude Oil Sale Swaps |
(in barrels) | (per barrel) | |||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
560 | $ | 49.27 | (9,334 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Natural Gasoline Collar |
(in gallons) | (per gallon) | |||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
6,300 | $ | 1.4800 | $ | 1.6465 | (1,611 | ) | ||||||||||||
Crude Oil Collar |
(in barrels) | (per barrel) | |||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
400 | $ | 65.00 | $ | 75.25 | (4,784 | ) | ||||||||||||
Natural Gas Sale Swaps |
(in MMBtu) | (per MMBtu | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter 2008 through Fourth Quarter 2008 |
4,000 | $ | 6.97 | 4,795 | |||||||||||||||
Crude Oil Three-Way Collar |
(in barrels) | (per gallon) | |||||||||||||||||
First Quarter 2009 through Fourth Quarter 2009 |
1,000 | $ | 70.00 | $ | 90.00 | $ | 119.25 | (10,292 | ) | ||||||||||
Frac Spread Collar (1) |
(in MMBtu) | (in MMBtu) | |||||||||||||||||
First Quarter 2009 through Fourth Quarter 2009 |
6,000 | $ | 9.09 | $ | 13.94 | | |||||||||||||
Settlements to be paid in subsequent period |
(5,246 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Natural gas midstream segment commodity derivatives - net liability |
$ | (42,865 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
(1) | PVR entered into this contract in July 2008. |
Our management estimates that excluding the derivative positions described above, for every $1.00 per MMBtu decrease or increase in natural gas prices, natural gas midstream gross margin and operating income for the last six months of 2008 would increase or decrease by approximately $5.6 million. In addition, our management estimates that for every $5.00 per barrel increase or decrease in the oil prices, natural gas midstream gross margin and operating income would increase or decrease by approximately $2.3 million. This assumes that crude oil, natural gas prices and inlet volumes remain constant at forecasted levels. These estimated changes in gross margin and operating income exclude the potential cash receipts or payments in settling these derivative positions.
Interest Rate Risk
As of June 30, 2008, PVR had $323.1 million of outstanding indebtedness under the PVR Revolver, which carries a variable interest rate throughout its term. PVR entered into the PVR Revolver Swaps to effectively convert the interest rate on $160.0 million of the amount outstanding under the PVR Revolver from a LIBOR-based floating rate to a weighted average fixed rate of 4.33% plus
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the applicable margin until March 2010. From March 2010 to December 2011, the PVR Revolver Swaps will effectively convert the interest rate on $100.0 million of the amount outstanding under the PVR Revolver from a LIBOR-based floating rate to a weighted average fixed rate of 4.40% plus the applicable margin. The PVR Revolver Swaps are accounted for as cash flow hedges in accordance with SFAS No. 133. A 1% increase in short-term interest rates on the floating rate debt outstanding under the PVR Revolver (net of amounts fixed through hedging transactions) at June 30, 2008 would cost PVR approximately $1.6 million in additional interest expense.
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Item 4 | Controls and Procedures |
(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, we performed an evaluation of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2008. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported accurately and on a timely basis. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of June 30, 2008, such disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
No changes were made in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Item 6 | Exhibits |
10.1 | Purchase and Sale Agreement dated June 17, 2008 between Lone Star Gathering, L.P. and Penn Virginia Resource Partners, L.P. as amended by First Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of July 17, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Penn Virginia Resource Partners, L.P.s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 22, 2008). | |
10.2 | Units Purchase Agreement dated June 17, 2008 by and among Penn Virginia Resource LP Corp., Kanawha Rail Corp. and Penn Virginia Resource Partners, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Penn Virginia Resource Partners, L.P.s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 22, 2008). | |
12.1 | Statement of Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges Calculation. | |
31.1 | Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2 | Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.1 | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.2 | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
PENN VIRGINIA GP HOLDINGS, L.P. | ||||
By: PVG GP, LLC | ||||
Date: August 7, 2008 | By: | /s/ Frank A. Pici | ||
Frank A. Pici | ||||
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||
Date: August 7, 2008 | By: | /s/ Forrest W. McNair | ||
Forrest W. McNair | ||||
Vice President and Controller |