Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

 

þ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 29, 2009

or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission file number 0-12933

LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   94-2634797
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

4650 Cushing Parkway

Fremont, California 94538

  94538
(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)   (Zip Code)

(510) 572-0200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES  þ    NO  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ¨    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer  þ    Accelerated filer  ¨    Non-accelerated filer  ¨    Smaller reporting company  ¨
      (Do not check if a smaller
reporting company)
  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  þ

As of April 30, 2009, there were 126,394,509 shares of Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page No.

PART I. Financial Information

  

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited):

  

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 29, 2009 and June 29, 2008

   3

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009 and March 30, 2008

   4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009 and March  30, 2008

   5

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

   6

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   26

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

   41

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

   42

PART II. Other Information

   42

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

   42

Item 1A. Risk Factors

   43

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

   52

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

   52

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

   52

Item 5. Other Information

   52

Item 6. Exhibits

   52

Signatures

   52

Exhibit Index

   53

EX-31.1

  

EX-31.2

  

EX-32.1

  

EX-32.2

  

 

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Financial Statements

LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

     March 29,
2009
    June 29,
2008
 
     (unaudited)     (1)  
ASSETS     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 374,648     $ 732,537  

Short-term investments

     248,500       326,199  

Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $10,717 as of March 29, 2009 and $4,102 as of June 29, 2008

     196,842       412,356  

Inventories

     260,667       282,218  

Deferred income taxes

     90,541       96,748  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     82,273       67,649  
                

Total current assets

     1,253,471       1,917,707  

Property and equipment, net

     225,864       235,735  

Restricted cash and investments

     183,277       146,072  

Deferred income taxes

     15,281       19,793  

Goodwill

     170,675       281,298  

Intangible assets, net

     97,574       121,889  

Other assets

     87,340       84,261  
                

Total assets

   $ 2,033,482     $ 2,806,755  
                
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY     

Trade accounts payable

   $ 39,177     $ 89,158  

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

     289,471       390,062  

Deferred profit

     36,076       128,250  

Current portion of long-term debt and capital leases

     5,274       30,209  
                

Total current liabilities

     369,998       637,679  

Long-term debt and capital leases

     39,943       276,121  

Income taxes payable

     99,807       85,611  

Other long-term liabilities

     20,476       23,400  
                

Total liabilities

     530,224       1,022,811  

Minority interests

     —         5,347  

Commitments and contingencies

    

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Preferred stock, at par value of $0.001 per share; authorized - 5,000 shares, none outstanding

     —         —    

Common stock, at par value of $0.001 per share; authorized - 400,000 shares; issued and outstanding - 125,652 shares at March 29, 2009 and 125,187 shares at June 29, 2008

     126       125  

Additional paid-in capital

     1,361,715       1,332,159  

Treasury stock, at cost, 34,890 shares at March 29, 2009 and 34,220 shares at June 29, 2008

     (1,501,724 )     (1,490,701 )

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     (69,595 )     10,620  

Retained earnings

     1,712,736       1,926,394  
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     1,503,258       1,778,597  
                

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 2,033,482     $ 2,806,755  
                

 

(1) Derived from audited financial statements

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

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LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended    Nine Months Ended
     March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
   March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008

Total revenue

   $ 174,412     $ 613,810    $ 898,182     $ 1,908,751

Cost of goods sold

     127,680       320,201      556,212       963,594

Cost of goods - 409A expense

     —         6,401      —         6,401

Cost of goods sold - restructuring and asset impairments

     10,217       —        20,993       —  
                             

Total cost of goods sold

     137,897       326,602      577,205       969,995
                             

Gross margin

     36,515       287,208      320,977       938,756
                             

Research and development

     70,434       80,576      220,778       237,107

Selling, general and administrative

     58,515       74,491      185,813       210,288

Goodwill impairment

     89,076       —        89,076       —  

Restructuring and asset impairments

     13,028       —        39,117       —  

409A expense

     646       43,784      2,250       43,784

In-process research and development

     —         2,074      —         2,074
                             

Total operating expenses

     231,699       200,925      537,034       493,253
                             

Operating income (loss)

     (195,184 )     86,283      (216,057 )     445,503

Other income, net

     13,497       49,605      15,281       57,201
                             

Income (loss) before income taxes

     (181,687 )     135,888      (200,776 )     502,704

Income tax expense

     16,672       32,364      12,882       135,533
                             

Net income (loss)

   $ (198,359 )   $ 103,524    $ (213,658 )   $ 367,171
                             

Net income (loss) per share:

         

Basic net income (loss) per share

   $ (1.58 )   $ 0.83    $ (1.70 )   $ 2.95
                             

Diluted net income (loss) per share

   $ (1.58 )   $ 0.82    $ (1.70 )   $ 2.90
                             

Number of shares used in per share calculations:

         

Basic

     125,566       124,768      125,368       124,509
                             

Diluted

     125,566       126,549      125,368       126,531
                             

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

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LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

 

     Nine Months Ended  
     March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
 
     (unaudited)  

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

    

Net income (loss)

   $ (213,658 )   $ 367,171  

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     54,723       35,477  

Deferred income taxes

     10,632       (22,009 )

Equity-based compensation expense

     39,684       30,887  

Income tax benefit on equity-based compensation plans

     (13,121 )     56,657  

Excess tax benefit on equity-based compensation plans

     6,510       (37,238 )

Net gain on settlement of call option

     —         (33,694 )

Goodwill impairment

     89,076       —    

Restructuring and asset impairments

     60,110       —    

Other, net

     6,818       (2,867 )

Changes in operating asset accounts

     (60,783 )     (4,512 )
                

Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities

     (20,009 )     389,872  
                

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

    

Capital expenditures and intangible assets

     (38,434 )     (57,852 )

Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired

     (19,457 )     (475,656 )

Purchases of available-for-sale securities

     (198,311 )     (152,834 )

Sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities

     279,019       204,150  

Purchase of call option

     —         (13,506 )

Proceeds from settlement of call option

     —         46,962  

Purchase of other investments

     (3,439 )     (4,560 )

Other

     (10,375 )     —    

Transfer of restricted cash and investments

     (47,748 )     (1,762 )
                

Net cash used for investing activities

     (38,745 )     (455,058 )
                

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

    

Principal payments on long-term debt and capital lease obligations

     (255,136 )     (250,214 )

Net proceeds from issuance of long-term debt

     625       250,000  

Excess tax benefit on equity-based compensation plans

     (6,510 )     37,238  

Treasury stock purchases

     (27,749 )     (10,962 )

Reissuances of treasury stock

     13,526       7,301  

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

     5,727       10,106  
                

Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities

     (269,517 )     43,469  
                

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

     (29,618 )     103  

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

     (357,889 )     (21,614 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     732,537       573,967  
                

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 374,648     $ 552,353  
                

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

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LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

March 29, 2009

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 — BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of Lam Research Corporation (“Lam Research” or the “Company”) for the fiscal year ended June 29, 2008, which are included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K as of and for the year ended June 29, 2008 (the “2008 Form 10-K”). The Company’s Forms 10-K, Forms 10-Q and Forms 8-K are available online at the Securities and Exchange Commission website on the Internet. The address of that site is www.sec.gov. The Company also posts the Forms 10-K, Forms 10-Q and Forms 8-K on its corporate website at www.lamresearch.com.

The Company’s reporting period is a 52/53-week fiscal year. The Company’s current fiscal year will end June 28, 2009 and includes 52 weeks. The quarter ended March 29, 2009 included 13 weeks and the quarter ended March 30, 2008 included 14 weeks.

NOTE 2 — RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

On June 30, 2008, the Company adopted the required portions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”). There was no material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the adoption of SFAS No. 157. This Statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 currently applies to all financial assets and liabilities, and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis. In February 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Staff Position No. 157-2, delaying the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis. The delayed portions of SFAS No. 157 will be adopted by the Company beginning in its fiscal year ending June 27, 2010. In October 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset in a Market That Is Not Active,” which clarifies the application of SFAS No. 157 when the market for a financial asset is inactive. Specifically, FSP FAS 157-3 clarifies how (1) management’s internal assumptions should be considered in measuring fair value when observable data are not present, (2) observable market information from an inactive market should be taken into account, and (3) the use of broker quotes or pricing services should be considered in assessing the relevance of observable and unobservable data to measure fair value. The guidance of FSP FAS 157-3 is effective immediately and the Company has adopted its provisions with respect to its financial assets and liabilities as of September 28, 2008. The impact of adopting the non-delayed portions of SFAS No. 157 is more fully described in Note 4.

In February 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”. This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. This Statement was effective for the Company beginning June 30, 2008. The Company has not applied the fair value option to any items; therefore, the Statement did not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141R”). SFAS No. 141R establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. SFAS No. 141R also establishes disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141R is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year that begins after December 15, 2008. The Company expects to adopt SFAS No. 141R in the beginning of fiscal year 2010 and is currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS No. 141R on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — An Amendment of ARB 51” (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 160 establishes accounting and reporting standards for the treatment of noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary. Noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary will be reported as a component of equity in the consolidated financial statements and any retained

 

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noncontrolling equity investment upon deconsolidation of a subsidiary is initially measured at fair value. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS No. 160 will result in the reclassification of minority interests to stockholders’ equity. The Company does not believe the adoption of SFAS No. 160 will have a material impact on its results of operations and financial condition.

On December 29, 2008, the Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — An Amendment of FASB Statement 133” (“SFAS No. 161”). There was no material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the adoption of SFAS No. 161. SFAS No. 161 requires expanded and enhanced disclosure for derivative instruments, including those used in hedging activities. See Note 4 for additional information.

In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP SFAS 142-3”). FSP SFAS 142-3 provides guidance with respect to estimating the useful lives of recognized intangible assets acquired on or after the effective date and requires additional disclosure related to the renewal or extension of the terms of recognized intangible assets. FSP SFAS 142-3 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of FSP SFAS 142-3 on its results of operations and financial condition.

In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP SFAS 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly,” (“FSP SFAS 157-4”) which provides additional guidance for estimating fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 157 when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased. This FSP re-emphasizes that regardless of market conditions the fair value measurement is an exit price concept as defined in SFAS No. 157. This FSP clarifies and includes additional factors to consider in determining whether there has been a significant decrease in market activity for an asset or liability and provides additional clarification on estimating fair value when the market activity for an asset or liability has declined significantly. The scope of this FSP does not include assets and liabilities measured under level 1 inputs. FSP SFAS 157-4 is applied prospectively to all fair value measurements where appropriate and will be effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of FSP SFAS 157-4 on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP SFAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments” (“FSP SFAS 107-1 and APB 28-1”). This FSP which amends SFAS No. 107, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” requires publicly-traded companies, as defined in APB Opinion No. 28, “Interim Financial Reporting,” to provide disclosures on the fair value of financial instruments in interim financial statements. FSP SFAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 is effective for interim periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of FSP SFAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

NOTE 3 — EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

The Company has adopted stock plans that provide for the grant to eligible participants of equity-based awards, including stock options and restricted stock units, of Lam Research common stock (“Common Stock”). The Company also has an employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) that allows employees to purchase its Common Stock.

The Company accounts for equity-based compensation in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123R”) using the modified prospective method. The Company recognized the following equity-based compensation expense and related income tax benefit in the consolidated statements of operations:

 

     Three Months Ended    Nine Months Ended
     March 29,
2009
   March 30,
2008
   March 29,
2009
   March 30,
2008
     (in millions)

Equity-based compensation expense

   $ 10.2    $ 10.3    $ 39.7    $ 30.9

Income tax benefit related to equity-based compensation expense

   $ 1.7    $ 1.4    $ 6.9    $ 4.4

The estimated fair value of the Company’s stock-based awards, less expected forfeitures, is amortized over the awards’ vesting period on a straight-line basis for awards granted after the adoption of SFAS No. 123R and on a graded vesting basis for awards granted prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R.

 

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Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units

The 2007 Stock Incentive Plan provides for the grant of non-qualified equity-based awards to eligible participants. Additional shares are reserved for issuance pursuant to awards previously granted under the Company’s 1997 Stock Incentive Plan and its 1999 Stock Option Plan (together with the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, the “Plans”). As of March 29, 2009, there were a total of 3,640,532 equity-based awards issued and outstanding. There were an additional 11,883,733 shares reserved and available for future issuance under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan as of March 29, 2009.

The Company did not grant any stock options during the three and nine months ended March 30, 2008.

A summary of stock option activity under the Plans as of March 29, 2009 and changes during the nine months then ended is presented below:

 

Options

   Shares
(in thousands)
    Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
   Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (years)
   Aggregate Intrinsic
Value as of
March 29, 2009
(in thousands)

Outstanding at June 29, 2008

   2,607     $ 21.60    1.59   

Granted

   476       20.21    4.92   

Exercised

   (457 )     12.53      

Forfeited or expired

   (733 )     24.92      
              

Outstanding at March 29, 2009

   1,893     $ 22.15    2.37    $ 6,871
                        

Exercisable at March 29, 2009

   1,415     $ 22.82    1.51    $ 5,037
                        

The total intrinsic value of options exercised was as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended    Nine Months Ended
     March 29,
2009
   March 30,
2008
   March 29,
2009
   March 30,
2008
     (in millions)

Intrinsic value of options exercised

   $ 1.8    $ —      $ 6.1    $ 18.6
                           

There were no options exercised during the three months ended March 30, 2008 due to the suspension of the Plans as a result of the Company’s inability to register securities under Form S-8 due to the Company’s inability to timely file its SEC filings as a result of the voluntary internal stock option review conducted during that time period.

Stock options granted during the quarter ended March 29, 2009 were valued using the Black-Scholes model, assuming no expected dividends and the following weighted-average assumptions:

 

Expected term:

   4.0  years

Expected volatility:

   46.9 %

Risk-free interest rate:

   2.07 %

As of March 29, 2009, there was approximately $3.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock options granted and outstanding; that cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average remaining period of 1.9 years.

 

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Cash received from stock option exercises was as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended    Nine Months Ended
     March 29,
2009
   March 30,
2008
   March 29,
2009
   March 30,
2008
     (in millions)

Cash received from stock option exercises

   $ 1.3    $ —      $ 5.7    $ 10.1
                           

A summary of the status of the Company’s restricted stock units as of March 29, 2009 and changes during the nine months then ended is presented below:

 

Nonvested Restricted Stock Units

   Shares
(in thousands)
    Average
Grant-
Date Fair
Value

Nonvested at June 29, 2008

   1,696     $ 46.51

Granted

   906       27.67

Vested

   (673 )     49.77

Forfeited

   (181 )     44.69
        

Nonvested at March 29, 2009

   1,748     $ 35.74
            

The fair value of the Company’s restricted stock units was calculated based upon the fair market value of the Company’s stock at the date of grant. As of March 29, 2009, there was $31.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested restricted stock units granted; that cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average remaining period of 0.8 years.

ESPP

The 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “1999 ESPP”) allows employees to designate a portion of their base compensation to be used to purchase the Company’s Common Stock at a purchase price per share of the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the Company’s Common Stock on the first or last day of the applicable offering period. Typically, each offering period lasts 12 months and comprises three interim purchase dates. As of March 29, 2009, there were a total of 7,695,373 shares available for issuance under the 1999 ESPP.

Awards under the 1999 ESPP were valued using the Black-Scholes model and were valued assuming no expected dividends and the following weighted-average assumptions for the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009:

 

Expected term:

   0.68  years

Expected volatility:

   74.00 %

Risk-free interest rate:

   0.41 %

As of March 29, 2009, there was $7.9 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to the 1999 ESPP that is expected to be recognized over a remaining period of 0.8 years.

 

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NOTE 4 — FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company adopted the required portions of the fair value measurement and disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 157 on June 30, 2008. SFAS No. 157 establishes specific criteria for the fair value measurements of financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are already subject to fair value measurements under current accounting rules. SFAS No. 157 also requires expanded disclosures related to fair value measurements.

SFAS No. 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. An asset or liability’s level is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. This Statement requires that assets and liabilities carried at fair value be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

Level 1: Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

The Company’s Level 1 assets consist of money market fund deposits, U.S. Treasury securities, and equity instruments, all of which are traded in an active market with sufficient volume and frequency of transactions.

Level 2: Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

The Company’s Level 2 assets and liabilities include U.S. agency securities, bank time deposits, government sponsored enterprises, bank and corporate notes, municipal notes and bonds, mortgage and asset-backed securities, equity securities, derivative assets and liability contracts, which are priced using inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Valuations based on unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of fair value of assets or liabilities.

The Company had no Level 3 assets or liabilities as of March 29, 2009.

The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were recorded at fair value on a recurring basis during the quarter, by level, within the fair value hierarchy at March 29, 2009:

 

          Fair Value Measurement at March 29, 2009
     Total    Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
   Significant Other
Observable
Inputs (Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
     (in thousands)

Assets

           

Fixed Income

           

Cash equivalents

   $ 298,532    $ 298,532    $ —      $ —  

U.S. Treasuries and Agencies

     46,330      43,871      2,459   

Government Sponsored Enterprises

     21,554      —        21,554      —  

Bank and Corporate Notes

     207,738      —        207,738      —  

Municipal Notes and Bonds

     143,099      —        143,099      —  
                           

Total fixed income

     717,253      342,403      374,850      —  

Equities

     7,352      7,352      —        —  

Derivatives assets

     1,256      —        1,256      —  
                           

Total

   $ 725,861    $ 349,755    $ 376,106    $ —  
                           

Liabilities

           

Derivatives liabilities

   $ 1,175    $ —      $ 1,175    $ —  
                           

 

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The amounts in the table above are reported in the consolidated balance sheet as of March 29, 2009 as follows:

 

     Total    Level 1    Level 2    Level 3
     (in thousands)

Cash equivalents

   $ 285,530    $ 285,530    $ —      $ —  

Short-term investments

     248,500      43,871      204,629      —  

Restricted cash and investments

     183,223      13,002      170,221      —  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     1,256      —        1,256      —  

Other assets

     7,352      7,352      —        —  
                           
   $ 725,861    $ 349,755    $ 376,106    $ —  
                           

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

   $ 1,175    $ —      $ 1,175    $ —  
                           

Derivative Instruments and Hedging

The Company carries derivative financial instruments (derivatives) on its balance sheet at their fair values in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS No. 133”) and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 149, “Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS No. 149”). The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts with financial institutions with the primary objective of reducing volatility of earnings and cash flows related to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The counterparties to these foreign exchange forward contracts are creditworthy multinational financial institutions; therefore, the risk of counterparty nonperformance is not considered to be material.

Cash Flow Hedges

The Company’s policy is to attempt to minimize short-term business exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations using an effective and efficient method to eliminate or reduce such exposures. In the normal course of business, the Company’s financial position is routinely subjected to market risk associated with foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. To protect against a reduction in value of forecasted Japanese yen-denominated revenues, the Company has instituted a foreign currency cash flow hedging program. The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts that generally expire within 12 months and no later than 24 months. These foreign exchange forward contracts are designated as cash flow hedges and are carried on the Company’s balance sheet at fair value with the effective portion of the contracts’ gains or losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently recognized in revenue in the same period the hedged revenue is recognized.

At inception and at each quarter end, hedges are tested for effectiveness using regression testing. Changes in the fair value of foreign exchange forward contracts due to changes in time value are excluded from the assessment of effectiveness and are recognized in revenue in the current period. The change in forward time value was not material for all reported periods. There were no gains or losses during the three months ended March 29, 2009 and March 30, 2008 and during the nine months ended March 30, 2008 associated with ineffectiveness or forecasted transactions that failed to occur. There were $4.0 million of deferred net losses, net of tax, associated with ineffectiveness related to forecasted transactions that were no longer considered probable of occurring and were recognized in “Other income (expense), net” in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations during the nine months ended March 29, 2009. To qualify for hedge accounting, the hedge relationship must meet criteria relating both to the derivative instrument and the hedged item. These criteria include identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item, the nature of the risk being hedged and how the hedging instrument’s effectiveness in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item’s fair value or cash flows will be measured.

To receive hedge accounting treatment, all hedging relationships are formally documented at the inception of the hedge and the hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to future cash flows on hedged transactions. When derivative instruments are designated and qualify as effective cash flow hedges, the Company is able to defer effective changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged exposure is realized. Consequently, with the exception of excluded time value and hedge ineffectiveness recognized, the Company’s results of operations are not subject to fluctuation as a result of changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments. If hedges are not highly effective or if the Company does not believe that the underlying hedged forecasted transactions would occur, the Company may not be able to account for its derivative instruments as cash flow hedges. If this were to occur, future changes in the fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments would be recognized in earnings without the benefits of offsets or deferrals of changes in fair value arising from hedge accounting treatment. At March 29, 2009, the Company expected to reclassify the entire amount associated with the $0.2 million of gains accumulated in other comprehensive income to earnings during the next 12 months due to the recognition in earnings of the hedged forecasted transactions.

 

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Balance Sheet Hedges

The Company also enters into foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge the effects of foreign currency fluctuations associated with foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, primarily intercompany receivables and payables. Under SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 149, these foreign exchange forward contracts are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. Therefore, the change in fair value of these derivatives is recorded into earnings as a component of other income and expense and offsets the change in fair value of the foreign currency denominated intercompany and trade receivables, recorded in other income and expense, assuming the hedge contract fully covers the intercompany and trade receivable balances.

As of March 29, 2009, the Company had the following outstanding foreign currency forward contracts that were entered into to hedge forecasted revenues and purchases:

 

     Derivatives Designated
as SFAS 133 Hedging
Instruments:
   Derivatives Not Designated
as SFAS 133 Hedging
Instruments:
     (in thousands)

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

     

Sell JPY

   $ 22,579    $ —  

Sell JPY

        26,391

BUY CHF

        133,630

BUY EUR

        98,614

BUY TWD

        47,619
             
   $ 22,579    $ 306,254
             

The fair value of derivatives instruments in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 29, 2009 was as follows:

 

    

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

 
    

Asset Derivatives

  

Liability Derivatives

 
    

Balance Sheet
Location

   Fair Value   

Balance Sheet
Location

   Fair Value  
     (in thousands)  

Derivatives designated as SFAS No. 133 hedging instruments:

           

Foreign exchange forward contracts

   Prepaid expenses and other assets    $ 1,242    Accrued expenses    $ (511 )

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133:

           

Foreign exchange forward contracts

   Prepaid expenses and other assets      14    Accrued expenses      (664 )
                     
      $ 1,256       $ (1,175 )
                     

 

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The effect of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended March 29, 2009 was as follows:

 

Derivatives Designated as SFAS 133 Hedging Instruments:

   Gain (Loss)
Recognized
(Effective Portion)
(1)
    Gain (Loss)
Recognized
(Effective Portion)
(2)
    Gain (Loss)
Recognized
(Ineffective Portion)
(3)
    Gain (Loss)
Recognized
(Excluded from
Effectiveness
Testing) (4)
     (in thousands)

Foreign exchange forward contracts

   $ (10,078 )   $ (4,363 )   $ (2,973 )   $ 1,449
                              

 

(1) Amount recognized in other comprehensive income (effective portion).

 

(2) Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income (effective portion) located in revenue.

 

(3) Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income on derivative (ineffective portion) located in other income (expense), net.

 

(4) Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income on derivative (amount excluded from effectiveness testing) located in other income (expense), net.

The effect of derivative instruments not designated as cash flow hedges on the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended March 29, 2009 was as follows:

 

Derivatives Not Designated as SFAS 133 Hedging Instruments:

   Gain (Loss)
Recognized (5)
 
     (in thousands)  

Foreign exchange forward contracts

   $ (7,027 )
        

 

(5) Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income located in other income (expense), net.

 

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NOTE 5 — INVENTORIES

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. Shipments to Japanese customers, to whom title does not transfer until customer acceptance, are classified as inventory and carried at cost until title transfers. Inventories consist of the following:

 

     March 29,
2009
   June 29,
2008
     (in thousands)

Raw materials

   $ 156,515    $ 157,135

Work-in-process

     33,791      54,684

Finished goods

     70,361      70,399
             
   $ 260,667    $ 282,218
             

NOTE 6 — PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment, net, consists of the following:

 

     March 29,
2009
    June 29,
2008
 
     (in thousands)  

Manufacturing, engineering and office equipment

   $ 256,460     $ 244,378  

Computer equipment and software

     69,502       73,237  

Land

     16,072       16,785  

Buildings

     62,849       59,102  

Leasehold improvements

     47,060       46,300  

Furniture and fixtures

     13,557       12,104  
                
     465,500       451,906  

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (239,636 )     (216,171 )
                
   $ 225,864     $ 235,735  
                

NOTE 7 — GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

Changes in the balance of goodwill during the nine months ended March 29, 2009 were as follows:

 

     (in thousands)  

Balance as of June 29, 2008

   $ 281,298  

Additional share purchases / acquisitions

     10,960  

Tax adjustments

     (3,186 )

Goodwill impairment

     (89,076 )

Effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates

     (29,321 )
        

Balance as of March 29, 2009

   $ 170,675  
        

As a result of a combination of factors, including the current economic environment, a sustained decline in the Company’s market valuation and a decline in the Company’s operating results, the Company has concluded, in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Number 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”, that the fair value of its Clean Product Group has been reduced below its carrying value. As a result, the Company recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of approximately $89.1 million during the quarter ended March 29, 2009. The goodwill impairment charge is based on the Company’s current best estimate.

Due to the complexities involved in determining the implied fair value of goodwill of the Clean Product Group, the Company expects to finalize its goodwill impairment analysis during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2009 and there could be adjustments to the goodwill impairment charge when the goodwill impairment analysis is completed. Any adjustments to the Company’s preliminary estimates as a result of completing this evaluation will be recorded in the Company’s financial statements for the quarter ending June 28, 2009.

 

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If the Company’s future operating results do not meet current forecasts or if the Company experiences a sustained decline in its market capitalization that is determined to be indicative of a reduction in fair value of the Company’s Clean Product Group, an additional impairment analysis may be required which may result in additional impairment charges.

Goodwill attributable to the SEZ acquisition of approximately $106 million is not tax deductible due to foreign jurisdiction law. The remaining goodwill balance of approximately $65 million is tax deductible.

Intangible Assets

The following table provides details of the Company’s intangible assets subject to amortization as of March 29, 2009 (in thousands, except years):

 

     Gross    Accumulated
Amortization
    Changes in
Foreign
Currency
Exchange
Rates
    Net    Weighted-
Average
Useful
Life
(years)

Customer relationships

   $ 35,226    $ (12,318 )   $ —       $ 22,908    6.90

Existing technology

     61,598      (9,837 )     (7,204 )     44,557    6.70

Other intangible assets

     35,216      (16,977 )     (1,298 )     16,941    4.10

Patents

     20,270      (7,102 )     —         13,168    6.13
                                  
   $ 152,310    $ (46,234 )   $ (8,502 )   $ 97,574    6.07
                                  

The following table provides details of the Company’s intangible assets subject to amortization as of June 29, 2008 (in thousands, except years):

 

     Gross    Accumulated
Amortization
    Net    Weighted-
Average Useful
Life (years)

Customer relationships

   $ 35,226    $ (8,501 )   $ 26,725    6.90

Existing technology

     61,598      (4,008 )     57,590    6.70

Other intangible assets

     35,216      (10,157 )     25,059    4.10

Patents

     17,710      (5,195 )     12,515    7.40
                          
   $ 149,750    $ (27,861 )   $ 121,889    6.20
                          

The Company recognized $6.2 million and $18.2 million in intangible asset amortization expense during the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009, respectively. The Company recognized $4.2 million and $11.3 million in intangible asset amortization expense during the three and nine months ended March 30, 2008, respectively.

The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets as of March 29, 2009 is as follows (in thousands):

 

Fiscal Year

   Amount

2009 (three months)

   $ 6,072

2010

     24,064

2011

     21,083

2012

     17,833

2013

     16,403

Thereafter

     12,119
      
   $ 97,574
      

 

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NOTE 8 — ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:

 

     March 29,
2009
   June 29,
2008
     (in thousands)

Accrued compensation

   $ 167,957    $ 225,227

Warranty reserves

     25,945      61,308

Income and other taxes payable

     10,421      32,589

Restructuring

     26,091      5,487

Other

     59,057      65,451
             
   $ 289,471    $ 390,062
             

As a result of determinations made in connection with the Company’s voluntary independent stock option review, the Company considered the application of Section 409A (“Section 409A”) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“IRC”) and similar provisions of state law to certain stock option grants where, under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”, intrinsic value existed at the time of grant. In the event such stock option grants are not considered as issued at fair market value at the original grant date under the IRC and applicable regulations thereunder, these options are subject to Section 409A. On March 30, 2008, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the Company to assume the tax liability of certain employees, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and certain other executive officers, with options subject to Section 409A. The assumed 409A liability was $53.1 million and $50.9 million as of March 29, 2009 and June 29, 2008, respectively, and is included in accrued compensation in the table above. The determinations from the voluntary independent stock option review are more fully described in Note 3, “Restatement of Consolidated Financial Statements” to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of the Company’s 2007 Form 10-K and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 7 of the Company’s 2007 Form 10-K.

NOTE 9 — OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET

The significant components of other income (expense), net, are as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
     March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
    March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
 
     (in thousands)  

Interest income

   $ 5,360     $ 12,426     $ 21,287     $ 40,398  

Interest expense

     (1,146 )     (2,866 )     (6,182 )     (9,659 )

Foreign exchange gains

     10,911       40,696       612       28,506  

Charitable contributions

     —         —         —         (908 )

Other, net

     (1,628 )     (651 )     (436 )     (1,136 )
                                
   $ 13,497     $ 49,605     $ 15,281     $ 57,201  
                                

 

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NOTE 10 — INCOME TAX EXPENSE

The Company calculates its interim income tax provision in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 28, “Interim Financial Reporting” (“APB No. 28”) and FASB Interpretation No. 18, “Accounting for Income Taxes in Interim Periods” (“FIN 18”). In applying APB No. 28 and FIN 18 to the income tax provision computation for the period ended March 29, 2009, the Company excluded from its calculation of the effective tax rate losses of a certain foreign jurisdiction since the Company cannot benefit those losses due to application of certain foreign tax rulings.

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009 was approximately -9.2% and -6.4%, respectively. These rates differ from the statutory rate due to the geographical mix of income in higher and lower tax jurisdictions and the implementation of a tax strategy to align the future revenue and profit of SEZ with the Company’s current tax operating structure. The Company recorded the following material discrete events during the March 2009 quarter: (1) a tax benefit of ($4.6) million related to one-time restructuring costs, (2) a tax benefit of ($0.6) million for federal provision to return true up, (3) a tax benefit of ($0.1) million for foreign provision to return true up, (4) a tax expense of $0.9 million of FIN 48 interest, (5) a tax expense for a Singapore tax holiday clawback of $1.0 million, (6) a tax expense of $1.0 million for revaluation of California deferred tax assets, and (7) a tax expense of $4.2 million for California valuation allowance.

The total gross unrecognized tax benefits as of each date noted below were as follows:

 

     March 29,
2009
   December 28,
2008
   September 28,
2008
   June 29,
2008
     (in millions)

Total gross unrecognized tax benefits

   $ 163.4    $ 149.6    $ 151.4    $ 143.8
                           

If the remaining balance of $163.4 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits were realized in a future period, it would result in a tax benefit of $115.2 million and a reduction in the effective tax rate. Approximately $14.5 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits are related to the SEZ pre-acquisition period and would result in an adjustment to goodwill of $1.6 million. The accounting treatment related to certain unrecognized tax benefits from acquired companies will change when SFAS 141R becomes effective. SFAS 141R will be effective in the first quarter of our fiscal year 2010. At such time, any changes to the recognition or measurement of these unrecognized tax benefits will be recorded through income tax expense, where currently the accounting treatment would require any adjustment to be recognized through the purchase price as an adjustment to goodwill. The Company does not anticipate that the total unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change due to the settlement of audits and the expiration of statute of limitations in the next 12 months.

As of December 28, 2008 and March 29, 2009, the Company had accrued approximately $17.7 million and $18.9 million, respectively, for the payment of interest and penalties relating to unrecognized tax benefits compared to $12.6 million as of June 29, 2008. For the three month period and nine month period ended March 29, 2009, interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits increased by $1.3 million and $6.4 million, of which $4.8 million was recognized in the provision for income tax and the remaining balance of approximately $1.5 million related to the SEZ acquisition and was recorded to goodwill.

The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Realization of the Company’s net deferred tax assets is dependent on future taxable income. The Company believes it is more likely than not that those assets will be realized. However, ultimate realization could be negatively impacted by market conditions and other variables not known or anticipated at this time. In the event that the Company determines that it would not be able to realize all or part of its net deferred tax assets, an adjustment would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made. Likewise, if the Company later determines that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would be realized, the previously provided valuation allowance would be reversed. The Company’s current valuation allowance of $7.5 million recorded relates to California deferred tax assets and certain deferred tax assets acquired in the SEZ acquisition. Any subsequently recognized tax benefits associated with valuation allowances recorded in the SEZ acquisition will be recorded as an adjustment to goodwill. The Company evaluates the realizability of the deferred tax assets quarterly and will continue to assess the need for additional valuation allowances, if any.

The Company files U.S. federal, U.S. state, and foreign income tax returns. As of March 29, 2009, tax years 2000-2008 remain subject to examination in the U.S., and tax years 2002-2007 remain subject to examination in various foreign jurisdictions.

 

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The Company has recorded a valuation allowance of $4.2 million this quarter reflecting the potential impacts of the recently adopted State of California rules related to the repeal of the cost of performance sales factor sourcing rule, and the single sales factor apportionment election (both were adopted on February 20, 2009, and will be effective for years beginning on or after January 1, 2011).

The “Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008” (the “Act”), which contains the “Tax Extenders and Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008”, was enacted on October 3, 2008 by the U.S. government. Under the Act, the research credit was retroactively extended for amounts paid or incurred after December 31, 2007 and before January 1, 2010. As a result, during the quarter ended December 28, 2008, the Company recorded a $5.8 million tax benefit related to the extension of the federal research credit as it pertains to the Company’s fiscal year 2008.

Assembly Bill 1452, which was enacted on September 30, 2008 by the State of California, limits the amount of tax credits that can be utilized on the Company’s tax return. This change did not have any impact on the Company’s effective tax rate since the tax credits not utilized in the current year can be used to offset future tax liability.

NOTE 11 — NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed, using the treasury stock method, as though all potential common shares that are dilutive were outstanding during the period. The following table provides a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted computations for net income (loss) per share.

 

     Three Months Ended    Nine Months Ended
     March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
   March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
     (in thousands, except per share data)

Numerator:

         

Net income (loss)

   $ (198,359 )   $ 103,524    $ (213,658 )   $ 367,171
                             

Denominator:

         

Basic average shares outstanding

     125,566       124,768      125,368       124,509

Effect of potential dilutive securities:

         

Employee stock plans

     —         1,781      —         2,022
                             

Diluted average shares outstanding

     125,566       126,549      125,368       126,531
                             

Net income (loss) per share - Basic

   $ (1.58 )   $ 0.83    $ (1.70 )   $ 2.95
                             

Net income (loss) per share - Diluted

   $ (1.58 )   $ 0.82    $ (1.70 )   $ 2.90
                             

For purposes of computing diluted net income (loss) per share, weighted-average common shares do not include potential dilutive securities that are anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method. The following potential dilutive securities were excluded:

 

     Three Months Ended    Nine Months Ended
     March 29,
2009
   March 30,
2008
   March 29,
2009
   March 30,
2008
     (in thousands)

Number of potential dilutive securities excluded

   3,012    142    2,394    100
                   

 

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NOTE 12 — COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The components of comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
     March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
    March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
 
     (in thousands)  

Net income (loss)

   $ (198,359 )   $ 103,524     $ (213,658 )   $ 367,171  

Foreign currency translation adjustment

     (33,820 )     17,251       (76,389 )     22,438  

Unrealized gain (loss) on fair value of derivative financial instruments, net

     9,827       (16,323 )     (6,706 )     (18,327 )

Unrealized gain on financial instruments, net

     1,884       1,249       1,879       3,873  

Reclassification adjustment for loss (gain) included in earnings

     (3,758 )     232       899       926  

SFAS No. 158 adjustment

     34       17       102       51  
                                

Comprehensive income (loss)

   $ (224,192 )   $ 105,950     $ (293,873 )   $ 376,132  
                                

The balance of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is as follows:

 

     March 29,
2009
    June 29,
2008
 
     (in thousands)  

Accumulated foreign currency translation adjustment

   $ (69,777 )   $ 6,612  

Accumulated unrealized gain on derivative financial instruments

     177       5,895  

Accumulated unrealized gain (loss) on financial instruments

     1,056       (734 )

SFAS No. 158 adjustment

     (1,051 )     (1,153 )
                

Accumulated other comprehensive gain (loss)

   $ (69,595 )   $ 10,620  
                

NOTE 13 — ACQUISITIONS

During fiscal year 2008, the Company acquired approximately 99% of the outstanding shares of SEZ, a major supplier of single-wafer wet clean technology and products to the global semiconductor manufacturing industry. The acquisition was an all-cash transaction. The Company acquired the remaining outstanding shares during the six months ended December 28, 2008. The acquisition of the shares was conducted pursuant to the terms of a Transaction Agreement entered into on December 10, 2007 by and between the Company and SEZ. SEZ’s Spin-Process single-wafer technology is part of a broad equipment portfolio for wafer cleaning and decontamination that is a key process adjacent to the etch process.

The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination in accordance with SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations”, and the purchase price at the time of acquisition was allocated based on the estimated fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired, and liabilities assumed.

 

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The purchase price was allocated to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as follows, in thousands:

 

Cash consideration

   $ 628,092

Transaction costs

     11,115
      
   $ 639,207
      

Net tangible assets

   $ 345,494

Intangible assets

     67,743

Goodwill

     225,970
      
   $ 639,207
      

NOTE 14 — LONG-TERM DEBT AND GUARANTEES

The Company’s contractual cash obligations relating to its existing capital leases and debt as of March 29, 2009 are as follows:

 

     Capital
Leases
   Long-term
Debt
   Total
     (in thousands)

Payments due by period:

        

One year

   $ 1,845    $ 4,161    $ 6,006

Two years

     1,835      10,840      12,675

Three years

     1,839      7,665      9,504

Four years

     1,836      4,315      6,151

Five years

     1,833      —        1,833

Over five years

     13,217      —        13,217
                    

Total

     22,405      26,981      49,386

Interest on capital leases

     4,169         4,169
                

Current portion of long-term debt and capital leases

     1,113      4,161      5,274
                    

Long-term debt and capital leases

   $ 17,123    $ 22,820    $ 39,943
                    

 

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Capital Leases

Capital leases include building lease obligations assumed from the Company’s acquisition of SEZ. The amounts in the table above include the interest portion of payment obligations. The Company’s total capital lease obligations were $18.2 million as of March 29, 2009.

Long-Term Debt

On March 27, 2009, the Company paid the outstanding principal balance of $237.5 million of its existing long-term debt with ABN AMRO Bank N.V. (“ABN AMRO”) using existing cash balances. There were no penalties associated with the payment. The originally scheduled remaining principal repayment terms were (a) $12.5 million due in each of the June 2009 and December 2009 quarters and (b) the outstanding remaining principal amount of $212.5 million due on March 3, 2010. In connection with the payment, the parties agreed to terminate the ABN AMRO Credit Agreement and related Collateral Documents. ABN AMRO continues to be a participant in the Company’s operating leases with BNP Paribas Leasing Corporation and continues to provide banking services to the Company for customary fees.

The Company’s remaining total long-term debt of $27.0 million as of March 29, 2009 is the result of obligations assumed in connection with the acquisition of SEZ, consisting of various bank loans and government subsidized technology loans supporting operating needs.

Guarantees

The Company accounts for its guarantees in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others” (“FIN 45”). FIN 45 requires a company that is a guarantor to make specific disclosures about its obligations under certain guarantees that it has issued. FIN 45 also requires a company (the guarantor) to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the obligations it has undertaken in issuing the guarantee.

On December 18, 2007, and as amended on April 3, 2008 and July 9, 2008, the Company entered into a series of two operating leases (the “Livermore Leases”) regarding certain improved properties in Livermore, California. On December 21, 2007, the Company entered into a series of four amended and restated operating leases (the “New Fremont Leases,” and collectively with the Livermore Leases, the “Operating Leases”) with regard to certain improved properties at its headquarters in Fremont, California. Each of the Operating Leases is an off-balance sheet arrangement. The Operating Leases (and associated documents for each Operating Lease) were entered into by the Company and BNP Paribas Leasing Corporation (“BNPPLC”).

Each Livermore Lease facility has an approximately seven-year term (inclusive of an initial construction period during which BNPPLC’s and the Company’s obligations will be governed by the Construction Agreement entered into with regard to such Livermore Lease facility) ending on the first business day in January 2015. Each New Fremont Lease has an approximately seven-year term ending on the first business day in January 2015.

Under each Operating Lease, the Company may, at its discretion and with 30 days’ notice, elect to purchase the property that is the subject of the Operating Lease for an amount approximating the sum required to prepay the amount of BNPPLC’s investment in the property and any accrued but unpaid rent. Any such amount may also include an additional make-whole amount for early redemption of the outstanding investment, which will vary depending on prevailing interest rates at the time of prepayment.

The Company will be required, pursuant to the terms of the Operating Leases and associated documents, to maintain collateral in an aggregate of approximately $167.4 million (upon completion of the Livermore construction) in separate interest-bearing accounts and/or eligible short-term investments as security for its obligations under the Operating Leases. The Company completed construction of one of two Livermore properties on December 1, 2008. Upon completion of construction of this property, the property was no longer governed by the Construction Agreement, and is now part of the Operating Leases. As of March 29, 2009, the Company had $170.2 million recorded as restricted cash and short-term investments in its consolidated balance sheet as collateral required under the lease agreements related to the amounts currently outstanding on the facility.

Upon expiration of the term of an Operating Lease, the property subject to that Operating Lease may be remarketed. The Company has guaranteed to BNPPLC that each property will have a certain minimum residual value, as set forth in the applicable Operating Lease. The aggregate guarantee made by the Company under the Operating Leases is no more than approximately $143.9 million (although, under certain default circumstances, the guarantee with regard to an Operating Lease may be 100% of BNPPLC’s investment in the applicable property; in the aggregate, the amounts payable under such guarantees will be no more than $167.4 million plus related indemnification or other obligations).

The lessor under the lease agreements is a substantive independent leasing company that does not have the characteristics of a variable interest entity (VIE) as defined by FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” and is therefore not consolidated by the Company.

 

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The Company has issued certain indemnifications to its lessors under some of its agreements. The Company has entered into certain insurance contracts which may limit its exposure to such indemnifications. As of March 29, 2009, the Company has not recorded any liability on its financial statements in connection with these indemnifications, as it does not believe, based on information available, that it is probable that any amounts will be paid under these guarantees.

Generally, the Company indemnifies, under pre-determined conditions and limitations, its customers for infringement of third-party intellectual property rights by the Company’s products or services. The Company seeks to limit its liability for such indemnity to an amount not to exceed the sales price of the products or services subject to its indemnification obligations. The Company does not believe, based on information available, that it is probable that any material amounts will be paid under these guarantees.

Warranties

The Company offers standard warranties on its systems that run generally for a period of 12 months from system acceptance. The liability amount is based on actual historical warranty spending activity by type of system, customer and geographic region, modified for any known differences such as the impact of system reliability improvements.

Changes in the Company’s product warranty reserves were as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
     March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
    March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
 
     (in thousands)  

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 34,570     $ 51,780     $ 61,308     $ 52,186  

Warranties assumed from acquisitions

     878       6,939       878       6,939  

Warranties issued during the period

     2,282       14,032       10,294       42,438  

Settlements made during the period

     (7,507 )     (13,846 )     (27,033 )     (43,052 )

Expirations and change in liability for pre-existing warranties during the period

     (3,985 )     (997 )     (17,674 )     (603 )

Changes in foreign currency exchange rates

     (293 )     —         (1,828 )     —    
                                

Balance at end of period

   $ 25,945     $ 57,908     $ 25,945     $ 57,908  
                                

NOTE 15 — RESTRUCTURING AND ASSET IMPAIRMENTS

During the June 2008 quarter the Company incurred expenses for restructuring and asset impairment charges related to the integration of SEZ and overall streamlining of the Company’s combined Clean Product Group (“June 2008 Plan”). The Company incurred additional expenses under the June 2008 Plan during the quarter ended September 28, 2008. The charges during the June 2008 quarter included severance and related benefits costs, excess facilities-related costs and certain asset impairments associated with the Company’s initial product line integration road maps. The charges during the September 2008 quarter primarily included severance and related benefits costs and certain asset impairments associated with the Company’s product line integration road maps.

During the December 2008 quarter the Company incurred expenses for restructuring and asset impairment charges designed to better align the Company’s cost structure with its business opportunities in consideration of market and economic uncertainties (“December 2008 Plan”). The charges during the December 2008 quarter consisted primarily of severance and related benefits costs as well as certain facilities related costs and asset impairments.

During the March 2009 quarter the Company incurred expenses for restructuring and asset impairment charges designed to align the Company’s cost structure with its outlook for the current economic environment and future business opportunities (“March 2009 Plan”). The charges during the March 2009 quarter consisted primarily of severance and related benefits costs as well as certain facilities related costs and asset impairments.

Prior to the end of each of the quarters noted above, the Company initiated the announced restructuring activities and management, with the proper level of authority, approved specific actions under the June 2008 Plan, December 2008 Plan, and March 2009 Plan. Severance packages to affected employees were communicated in enough detail such that the employees could determine their type and amount of benefit. The termination of the affected employees occurred as soon as practical after the restructuring plans were announced. The amount of remaining future lease payments for facilities the Company ceased to use and included in the restructuring charges is based on management’s estimates using known prevailing real estate market conditions at that time based, in part, on the opinions of independent real estate experts. Leasehold improvements relating to the vacated buildings were written off, as these items will have no future economic benefit to the Company and have been abandoned.

The Company distinguishes regular operating cost management activities from restructuring activities. Accounting for restructuring activities requires an evaluation of formally committed and approved plans. Restructuring activities have comparatively greater strategic significance and materiality and may involve exit activities, whereas regular cost containment activities are more tactical in nature and are rarely characterized by formal and integrated action plans or exiting a particular product, facility, or service.

 

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The Company recorded net restructuring charges and asset impairments during fiscal year 2008 of approximately $19.0 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $5.5 million, charges for the present value of remaining lease payments on vacated facilities of $0.9 million, and the write-off of related fixed assets of $1.9 million. The Company also recorded asset impairments related to initial product line integration road maps of $10.7 million. Of the total $19.0 million in charges, $12.6 million was recorded in cost of goods sold and $6.4 million was recorded in operating expenses in the Company’s fiscal year 2008 consolidated statement of operations.

The Company recorded net restructuring charges and asset impairments during the September 2008 quarter of approximately $19.0 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $12.5 million. The Company also recorded additional asset impairments related to product line integration road maps of $6.5 million. Of the total $19.0 million in charges, $3.0 million was recorded in cost of goods sold and $16.0 million was recorded in operating expenses in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended September 28, 2008.

The Company recorded net restructuring charges and asset impairments during the December 2008 quarter of approximately $17.8 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $16.4 million. The Company also recorded approximately $0.8 million related to asset impairments and $0.6 million related to excess facilities. Of the total $17.8 million in charges, $7.7 million was recorded in cost of goods sold and $10.1 million was recorded in operating expenses in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended December 28, 2008.

The Company recorded net restructuring charges and asset impairments during the March 2009 quarter of approximately $23.2 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $20.9 million. The Company also recorded approximately $1.5 million related to asset impairments and $0.8 million related to excess facilities. Of the total $23.2 million in charges, $10.2 million was recorded in cost of goods sold and $13.0 million was recorded in operating expenses in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 29, 2009.

Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the June 2008 Plan:

 

     Severance
and
Benefits
    Facilities     Abandoned
Assets
    Inventory     Total  
     (in thousands)  

June 2008 quarter expense

   $ 5,513     $ 899     $ 1,893     $ 10,671     $ 18,976  

Cash payments

     (927 )     —         —         —         (927 )

Non-cash charges

     —         —         (1,893 )     (10,671 )     (12,564 )
                                        

Balance at June 29, 2008

     4,586       899       —         —         5,485  
                                        

September 2008 quarter expense

     12,554       —         3,395       3,067       19,016  

Cash payments

     (1,098 )     (215 )     —         —         (1,313 )

Non-cash charges

     —         —         (3,395 )     (3,067 )     (6,462 )
                                        

Balance at September 28, 2008

     16,042       684       —         —         16,726  
                                        

Cash payments

     (2,483 )     (52 )     —         —         (2,535 )
                                        

Balance at December 28, 2008

     13,559       632       —         —         14,191  
                                        

Cash payments

     (7,374 )     (344 )     —         —         (7,718 )
                                        

Balance at March 29, 2009

   $ 6,185     $ 288     $ —       $ —       $ 6,473  
                                        

 

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Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the December 2008 Plan:

 

     Severance
and
Benefits
    Facilities     Abandoned
Assets
   Inventory     Total  
     (in thousands)  

December 2008 quarter expense

   $ 16,412     $ 618     $ —      $ 819     $ 17,849  

Cash payments

     (4,998 )     —         —        —         (4,998 )

Non-cash charges

     —         (618 )     —        (819 )     (1,437 )
                                       

Balance at December 28, 2008

     11,414       —         —        —         11,414  
                                       

Cash payments

     (9,474 )     —         —        —         (9,474 )
                                       

Balance at March 29, 2009

   $ 1,940     $ —       $ —      $ —       $ 1,940  
                                       

Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the March 2009 Plan:

 

     Severance
and
Benefits
    Facilities     Abandoned
Assets
    Inventory     Total  
     (in thousands)  

March 2009 quarter expense

   $ 20,954     $ 822     $ 1,139     $ 330     $ 23,245  

Cash payments

     (3,492 )     (140 )     —         —         (3,632 )

Non-cash charges

     (466 )     —         (1,139 )     (330 )     (1,935 )
                                        

Balance at March 29, 2009

   $ 16,996     $ 682     $ —       $ —       $ 17,678  
                                        

The severance and benefits-related balances are anticipated to be paid by the end of fiscal year 2010. The facilities balance consists primarily of lease payments on vacated buildings and is expected to be paid by the end of fiscal year 2010.

NOTE 16 — STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM

On September 8, 2008, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized the repurchase of up to $250 million of Company common stock from the public market or in private purchases. While the repurchase program does not have a defined termination date, it may be suspended or discontinued at any time, and is funded using the Company’s available cash. The Company suspended repurchases under the Board authorized program prior to the end of the December 2008 quarter. Share repurchases under the authorizations were as follows:

 

Period

   Total
Number of
Shares
Repurchased
   Total Cost of
Repurchase
   Average Price
Paid Per Share
   Amount
Available
Under
Repurchase
Program
     (in thousands, except per share data)

Authorization of up to $250 million - September 2008

            $ 250,000

Quarter ended September 28, 2008

   1    $ 15    $ 30.00    $ 249,985

Quarter ended December 28, 2008

   1,053      23,043    $ 21.87    $ 226,942

Quarter ended March 29, 2009

   —        —        —      $ 226,942
                         

In addition to shares repurchased under Board authorized repurchase programs shown above, during the three months ended March 29, 2009, December 28, 2008 and September 28, 2008, the Company withheld 29,629, 73,437 and 85,047 shares, respectively, through net share settlements upon the vesting of restricted stock unit awards under the Company’s equity compensation plans to cover tax withholding obligations.

 

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NOTE 17: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, the Company has received notices from third parties alleging infringement of such parties’ patent or other intellectual property rights by the Company’s products. In such cases it is the Company’s policy to defend the claims, or if considered appropriate, negotiate licenses on commercially reasonable terms. However, no assurance can be given that the Company will be able in the future to negotiate necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or that any litigation resulting from such claims would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or operating results.

NOTE 18: SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company made a decision during the quarter ending June 28, 2009 that it does not plan to occupy one of the two buildings associated with the Livermore Leases noted above in Note 14. The lease associated with this facility is an off-balance sheet arrangement and has an approximately seven-year term ending on the first business day in January 2015. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this decision on the Company’s future consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

 

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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

With the exception of historical facts, the statements contained in this discussion are forward-looking statements, which are subject to the safe harbor provisions created by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Certain, but not all, of the forward-looking statements in this report are specifically identified. The identification of certain statements as “forward-looking” is not intended to mean that other statements not specifically identified are not forward-looking. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements that relate to our future revenue, shipments, cost and margins, product development, demand, acceptance and market share, competitiveness, market opportunities, levels of research and development (“R&D”), outsourced activities and operating expenses, anticipated manufacturing, customer and technical requirements, the ongoing viability of the solutions that we offer and our customer’s success, tax expenses, our management’s plans and objectives for our current and future operations and business focus, the levels of customer spending, the sufficiency of financial resources to support future operations, capital expenditures and general economic conditions. Such statements are based on current expectations and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and changes in condition, significance, value and effect, including without limitation those discussed below under the heading “Risk Factors” within Part II Item 1A and elsewhere in this report and other documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), such as our annual reports on Form 10-K and our current reports on Form 8-K .. Such risks, uncertainties and changes in condition, significance, value and effect could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed herein and in ways not readily foreseeable. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof and are based on information currently and reasonably known to us. We undertake no obligation to release the results of any revisions to these forward-looking statements, which may be made to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence or effect of anticipated or unanticipated events.

Documents To Review In Connection With Management’s Analysis Of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations

For a full understanding of our financial position and results of operations for the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009, this discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes presented in this Form 10-Q and the financial statements and notes in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 29, 2008.

The semiconductor industry is cyclical in nature and has historically experienced periodic downturns and upturns. Today’s leading indicators of changes in customer investment patterns may not be any more reliable than in prior years. Demand for our equipment can vary significantly from period to period as a result of various factors, including, but not limited to, economic conditions, supply, demand, and prices for semiconductors, customer capacity requirements, and our ability to develop and market competitive products. For these and other reasons, our results of operations for the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009 may not necessarily be indicative of future operating results.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations consists of the following sections:

Executive Summary provides a summary of key highlights of our results of operations

Results of Operations provides an analysis of operating results

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates discusses accounting policies that reflect the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements

Liquidity and Capital Resources provides an analysis of cash flows, contractual obligations and financial position

 

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

We design, manufacture, market, and service semiconductor processing equipment used in the fabrication of integrated circuits and are recognized as a major provider of such equipment to the worldwide semiconductor industry. Semiconductor wafers are subjected to a complex series of process and preparation steps that result in the simultaneous creation of many individual integrated circuits. We leverage our expertise in these areas to develop integrated and standalone processing solutions which typically benefit our customers through reduced cost, lower defect rates, enhanced yields, or faster processing time as well as by facilitating their ability to meet more stringent performance and design standards.

The demand for semiconductor manufacturing equipment is cyclical and dependent on overall world economic conditions. Recent adverse conditions in the global economy have significantly reduced customer demand for our products. While our ability to predict the demand for wafer fabrication equipment in the future is limited, we believe that, over the long term, demand for our products will increase as customers’ capital expenditures increase to meet demand for semiconductor devices. However, our visibility for shipment volumes over the next few quarters remains very limited and, as a result, we remain cautious about forecasting any significant resumption in equipment spending in the near term.

The following summarizes certain key quarterly financial information for the periods indicated below (in thousands, except percentages and per share amounts):

 

     Three Months Ended  
     March 29,
2009
    December 28,
2008
    March 30,
2008
 

Revenue

   $ 174,412     $ 283,409     $ 613,810  

Gross margin

     36,515       101,352       287,208  

Gross margin as a percent of total revenue

     20.9 %     35.8 %     46.8 %

Net income (loss)

     (198,359 )     (24,172 )     103,524  

Diluted net income (loss) per share

   $ (1.58 )   $ (0.19 )   $ 0.82  

Our results during the quarter ended March 29, 2009 reflect declines in customer demand, consistent with the deterioration in the general economic outlook and, specifically, the downturn in the semiconductor industry. As a result of this downturn, our March 2009 quarter revenue decreased 38% sequentially compared to the December 2008 quarter.

In the quarter ended March 29, 2009, gross margin as a percent of revenues decreased to 20.9% as a result of lower manufacturing and field utilization levels from reduced business activity and changes in the product and business unit mix. Gross margin includes restructuring and asset impairment charges of $10.2 million in the March 2009 quarter and $7.7 million in the December 2008 quarter.

Operating expenses in the March 2009 quarter increased $93 million sequentially primarily due to a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $89.1 million related to our Clean Product Group. In addition, $13.0 million of restructuring and asset impairment charges were included in the March 2009 quarter’s operating expenses compared to $10.1 million in the December 2008 quarter. We also recorded a charge of $6.8 million to increase the reserves against our accounts receivables balance for specific distressed customers, partially offset by a reduction in employee-related expenses as a result of restructuring and other cost-saving activities.

Equity-based compensation expense recognized during the March 2009 quarter in cost of goods sold and in operating expenses was $1.8 million and $8.4 million, respectively. Equity-based compensation expense recognized during the December 2008 quarter in cost of goods sold and in operating expenses was $2.8 million and $11.2 million, respectively.

Our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted cash and investments totaled approximately $806 million as of March 29, 2009 compared to $1.1 billion as of December 28, 2008. The decrease included our payment of the outstanding principal balance of $237.5 million of our existing long-term debt with ABN AMRO Bank N.V. (“ABN AMRO”) during the March 2009 quarter.

We are focused on addressing the challenges presented by the current economic conditions, and in particular our expectations regarding our markets and customers. We believe that customer spending will remain depressed in the near term, consistent with reduced economic activity and we expect that demand for our systems will be largely limited to key technology conversions and upgrades. In addition to addressing upgrade needs, we are focused on working together with our customers on the development of next-generation technology solutions. Accordingly, we have deployed working capital by placing a significant number of etch and clean evaluation units at our customers’ locations and into joint development projects in order to enable successful penetration of new products and applications, and defend and grow our existing market share.

We are also carefully evaluating and managing the expense structure of the Company during this downturn, with a particular focus on managing our cash flow. We believe that the actions we took in the December 2008 and March 2009 quarters, such as the restructuring and asset impairments charges and our cost-cutting measures, will be of long term benefit to us. We believe that our focus on limiting cash outlays will allow us to use our financial resources to make strategic investments in product development and solution support for our customers. We will continue to invest in other areas that strengthen our position during the current downturn, to position ourselves to take advantage of growth opportunities in any subsequent industry upturn.

 

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Shipments

 

     Three Months Ended  
     March 29,
2009
    December 28,
2008
    March 30,
2008
 

Shipments (in millions)

   $ 159     $ 226     $ 658  

North America

     16 %     17 %     15 %

Europe

     17 %     12 %     7 %

Asia Pacific

     8 %     12 %     14 %

Taiwan

     15 %     20 %     19 %

Korea

     17 %     17 %     28 %

Japan

     27 %     22 %     17 %

Shipments for the March 2009 quarter decreased sequentially by 30% and year over year by 76% reflecting the industry and economic environment noted above. During the March 2009 quarter, 300 millimeter applications represented approximately 87% of total systems shipments and 87% of total systems shipments were for applications at less than or equal to the 90 nanometer technology node. We classify total systems shipments market segmentation for the March quarter as Memory at approximately 56%, Integrated Device Manufacturers and Logic at 28% and Foundry at 16%.

Revenue

 

     Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
     March 29,
2009
    December 28,
2008
    March 30,
2008
    March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
 

Revenue (in thousands)

   $ 174,412     $ 283,409     $ 613,810     $ 898,182     $ 1,908,751  

North America

     15 %     15 %     18 %     15 %     18 %

Europe

     14 %     10 %     8 %     11 %     9 %

Asia Pacific

     8 %     8 %     14 %     13 %     12 %

Taiwan

     20 %     17 %     23 %     16 %     22 %

Korea

     19 %     22 %     20 %     23 %     21 %

Japan

     24 %     28 %     17 %     22 %     18 %

The sequential quarterly revenue declines and the year over year declines for the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009 reflect a continued decline in demand for our products due to the industry and economic environments noted above. Our revenue levels are correlated to the amount of shipments and our installation and acceptance timelines. The overall Asia region continues to account for a significant portion of our revenues as a substantial amount of the worldwide capacity additions for semiconductor manufacturing continues to occur in this region. Our deferred revenue balance decreased to $43.7 million as of March 29, 2009 compared to $68.4 million at December 28, 2008. Our deferred revenue balance does not include shipments to Japanese customers, to whom title does not transfer until customer acceptance. Shipments to Japanese customers are classified as inventory at cost until the time of acceptance. The anticipated future revenue value from shipments to Japanese customers was approximately $7.5 million as of March 29, 2009.

 

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Gross Margin

 

     Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
     March 29,
2009
    December 28,
2008
    March 30,
2008
    March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
 
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Gross Margin

   $ 36,515     $ 101,352     $ 287,208     $ 320,977     $ 938,756  

Percent of total revenue

     20.9 %     35.8 %     46.8 %     35.7 %     49.2 %

In the quarter ended March 2009, gross margin as a percent of revenue declined sequentially primarily due to lower manufacturing and field utilization levels resulting from reduced business activity as well as product mix. Restructuring and asset impairment charges of $10.2 million in the March 2009 quarter and $7.7 million in the December 2008 quarter are included in gross margin. The reduction in gross margin during the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009 compared to the same periods in the prior year was primarily due to restructuring charges and asset impairments, unfavorable product mix and reduced manufacturing and field support utilization consistent with reduced business levels.

Research and Development

 

     Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
     March 29,
2009
    December 28,
2008
    March 30,
2008
    March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
 
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Research & Development (“R&D”)

   $ 70,434     $ 68,781     $ 80,576     $ 220,778     $ 237,107  

Percent of total revenue

     40.4 %     24.3 %     13.1 %     24.6 %     12.4 %

We continue to make significant investments in R&D focused on plasma etch, single-wafer clean and new products. The increase in R&D expenses during the March 2009 quarter compared to the December 2008 quarter is mainly due to seasonally high payroll taxes, partially offset by expected savings from salary reductions and lower equity-based compensation.

The decrease in R&D expenses during the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009 compared to the same period the prior year is mainly due to the reduction of variable compensation and cost controls, offset by the inclusion of the results of SEZ as the results from the prior year only include SEZ’s results from the acquisition date of March 11, 2008. Decreases during the three months ended March 29, 2009, compared to the same period in the prior year, include approximately $3 million in lower incentive based compensation on lower profits, $4 million in lower salaries and benefits related to cost savings measures, and a decrease of approximately $6 million in outside services and supplies, partially offset by an increase of $3 million in depreciation and amortization related to the inclusion of SEZ.

The decreases in R&D expenses during the nine months ended March 29, 2009, compared to the same period in the prior year, include approximately $14 million in lower incentive based compensation on lower profits and a $17 million decrease in outside services and supplies, partially offset by an increase of $4 million in equity-based compensation and $7 million in depreciation and amortization related to the inclusion of SEZ.

Selling, General and Administrative

 

     Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
     March 29,
2009
    December 28,
2008
    March 30,
2008
    March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
 
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Selling, General & Administrative (“SG&A”)

   $ 58,515     $ 59,842     $ 74,491     $ 185,813     $ 210,288  

Percent of total revenue

     33.5 %     21.1 %     12.1 %     20.7 %     11.0 %

The sequential decrease in SG&A expenses during the March 2009 quarter is mainly due to savings from salary reductions partially offset by an increase in employer payroll taxes which are typically higher in the first quarter of a new calendar year. Additionally, in response to recent financial announcements from our customer base and consistent with our accounts receivable valuation allowance methodology, we recorded within operating expenses a charge of $6.8 million to increase the reserves against our receivables balance for specific distressed customers.

The decrease in SG&A expenses during the three months ended March 29, 2009 compared to the same period in the prior year was driven by reductions of approximately $8 million in incentive-based compensation, $5 million in salaries and benefits related to cost savings measures, $6 million in cost incurred as a result of the voluntary stock option reviews, and $3 million in outside services and supplies, offset by the $6.8 million to increase the reserves against our receivables balance noted above.

 

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The decrease in SG&A expenses during the nine months ended March 29, 2009 compared to the same period in the prior year was driven by reductions of approximately $33 million in incentive-based compensation and $16 million in cost incurred as a result of the voluntary stock option reviews, partially offset by $4 million in salaries and wages and $7 million of other expenses related to the inclusion of SEZ, $4 million in equity-based compensation, and the $6.8 million to increase the reserves against our receivables balance noted above.

Restructuring and Asset Impairments

During the June 2008 quarter we incurred expenses for restructuring and asset impairment charges related to the integration of SEZ and overall streamlining of our combined Clean Product Group (“June 2008 Plan”). We incurred additional expenses under the June 2008 Plan during the quarter ended September 28, 2008. The charges during the June 2008 quarter included severance and related benefits costs, excess facilities-related costs and certain asset impairments associated with our initial product line integration road maps. The charges during the September 2008 quarter primarily included severance and related benefits costs and certain asset impairments associated with our product line integration road maps.

During the December 2008 quarter we incurred expenses for restructuring and asset impairment charges designed to better align our cost structure with our business opportunities in consideration of market and economic uncertainties (“December 2008 Plan”). The charges during the December 2008 quarter consisted primarily of severance and related benefits costs as well as certain facilities related costs and asset impairments.

During the March 2009 quarter we incurred expenses for restructuring and asset impairment charges designed to align our cost structure with our outlook for the current economic environment and future business opportunities (“March 2009 Plan”). The charges during the March 2009 quarter consisted primarily of severance and related benefits costs as well as certain facilities related costs and asset impairments.

Prior to the end of each quarter noted above, we initiated the announced restructuring activities and management, with the proper level of authority, approved specific actions under the June 2008 Plan, December 2008 Plan, and March 2009 Plan. Severance packages to affected employees were communicated in enough detail such that the employees could determine their type and amount of benefit. The termination of the affected employees occurred as soon as practical after the restructuring plans were announced. The amount of remaining future lease payments for facilities we ceased to use and included in the restructuring charges is based on management’s estimates using known prevailing real estate market conditions at that time based, in part, on the opinions of independent real estate experts. Leasehold improvements relating to the vacated buildings were written off, as these items will have no future economic benefit to the Company and have been abandoned.

We distinguish regular operating cost management activities from restructuring activities. Accounting for restructuring activities requires an evaluation of formally committed and approved plans. Restructuring activities have comparatively greater strategic significance and materiality and may involve exit activities, whereas regular cost containment activities are more tactical in nature and are rarely characterized by formal and integrated action plans or exiting a particular product, facility, or service.

We recorded net restructuring charges and asset impairments during fiscal year 2008 of approximately $19.0 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $5.5 million, charges for the present value of remaining lease payments on vacated facilities of $0.9 million, and the write-off of related fixed assets of $1.9 million. We also recorded asset impairments related to initial product line integration road maps of $10.7 million. Of the total $19.0 million in charges, $12.6 million was recorded in cost of goods sold and $6.4 million was recorded in operating expenses in our fiscal year 2008 consolidated statement of operations.

We recorded net restructuring charges and asset impairments during the September 2008 quarter of approximately $19.0 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $12.5 million. We also recorded additional asset impairments related to product line integration road maps of $6.5 million. Of the total $19.0 million in charges, $3.0 million was recorded in cost of goods sold and $16.0 million was recorded in operating expenses in our consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended September 28, 2008.

We recorded net restructuring charges and asset impairments during the December 2008 quarter of approximately $17.8 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $16.4 million. We also recorded approximately $0.8 million related to asset impairments and $0.6 million related to excess facilities. Of the total $17.8 million in charges, $7.7 million was recorded in cost of goods sold and $10.1 million was recorded in operating expenses in our consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended December 28, 2008.

We recorded net restructuring charges and asset impairments during the March 2009 quarter of approximately $23.2 million, consisting of severance and benefits for involuntarily terminated employees of $20.9 million. We also recorded approximately $1.5 million related to asset impairments and $0.8 million related to excess facilities. Of the total $23.2 million in charges, $10.2 million was recorded in cost of goods sold and $13.0 million was recorded in operating expenses in our consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 29, 2009.

 

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As a result of the June 2008, September 2008, December 2008, and March 2009 quarters’ restructuring activities, we expect annual savings, relative to the cost structure immediately preceding the activities, in total expenses of approximately $179 million to $189 million. These estimated savings from the June 2008, December 2008, and March 2009 Plans’ discrete actions are primarily related to lower employee payroll, facilities, and depreciation expenses. Actual savings may vary from these forecasts, depending upon future events and circumstances.

Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the June 2008 Plan:

 

     Severance
and
Benefits
    Facilities     Abandoned
Assets
    Inventory     Total  
     (in thousands)  

June 2008 quarter expense

   $ 5,513     $ 899     $ 1,893     $ 10,671     $ 18,976  

Cash payments

     (927 )     —         —         —         (927 )

Non-cash charges

     —         —         (1,893 )     (10,671 )     (12,564 )
                                        

Balance at June 29, 2008

     4,586       899       —         —         5,485  
                                        

September 2008 quarter expense

     12,554       —         3,395       3,067       19,016  

Cash payments

     (1,098 )     (215 )     —         —         (1,313 )

Non-cash charges

     —         —         (3,395 )     (3,067 )     (6,462 )
                                        

Balance at September 28, 2008

     16,042       684       —         —         16,726  
                                        

Cash payments

     (2,483 )     (52 )     —         —         (2,535 )
                                        

Balance at December 28, 2008

     13,559       632       —         —         14,191  
                                        

Cash payments

     (7,374 )     (344 )     —         —         (7,718 )
                                        

Balance at March 29, 2009

   $ 6,185     $ 288     $ —       $ —       $ 6,473  
                                        

Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the December 2008 Plan:

 

     Severance
and
Benefits
    Facilities     Abandoned
Assets
   Inventory     Total  
     (in thousands)  

December 2008 quarter expense

   $ 16,412     $ 618     $ —      $ 819     $ 17,849  

Cash payments

     (4,998 )     —         —        —         (4,998 )

Non-cash charges

     —         (618 )     —        (819 )     (1,437 )
                                       

Balance at December 28, 2008

     11,414       —         —        —         11,414  
                                       

Cash payments

     (9,474 )     —         —        —         (9,474 )
                                       

Balance at March 29, 2009

   $ 1,940     $ —       $ —      $ —       $ 1,940  
                                       

Below is a table summarizing activity relating to the March 2009 Plan:

 

     Severance
and
Benefits
    Facilities     Abandoned
Assets
    Inventory     Total  
     (in thousands)  

March 2009 quarter expense

   $ 20,954     $ 822     $ 1,139     $ 330     $ 23,245  

Cash payments

     (3,492 )     (140 )     —         —         (3,632 )

Non-cash charges

     (466 )     —         (1,139 )     (330 )     (1,935 )
                                        

Balance at March 29, 2009

   $ 16,996     $ 682     $ —       $ —       $ 17,678  
                                        

The severance and benefits-related balance is anticipated to be paid by the end of fiscal year 2010. The facilities balance consists primarily of lease payments on vacated buildings and is expected to be paid by the end of fiscal year 2010.

 

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Goodwill Impairment

As a result of a combination of factors, including the current economic environment, a sustained decline in our market valuation and a decline in our operating results, we have concluded, in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Number 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”, that the fair value of our Clean Product Group has been reduced below its carrying value. As a result, we recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of approximately $89.1 million during the quarter ended March 29, 2009. The goodwill impairment charge is based on our current best estimate.

Due to the complexities involved in determining the implied fair value of goodwill of the Clean Product Group, we expect to finalize our goodwill impairment analysis during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2009 and there could be adjustments to the goodwill impairment charge when the goodwill impairment analysis is completed. Any adjustments to our preliminary estimates as a result of completing this evaluation will be recorded in our financial statements for the quarter ending June 28, 2009.

If our future operating results do not meet current forecasts or if we experience a sustained decline in our market capitalization that is determined to be indicative of a reduction in fair value of our Clean Product Group, an additional impairment analysis may be required which may result in additional impairment charges.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income (expense), net consisted of the following:

 

     Three Months Ended     Nine Months Ended  
     March 29,
2009
    December 28,
2008
    March 30,
2008
    March 29,
2009
    March 30,
2008
 
     (in thousands)  

Interest income

   $ 5,360     $ 8,131     $ 12,426     $ 21,287     $ 40,398  

Interest expense

     (1,146 )     (2,483 )     (2,866 )     (6,182 )     (9,659 )

Foreign exchange gain (loss)

     10,911       (13,565 )     40,696       612       28,506  

Charitable contributions

     —         —         —         —         (908 )

Other, net

     (1,628 )     684       (651 )     (436 )     (1,136 )
                                        
   $ 13,497     $ (7,233 )   $ 49,605     $ 15,281     $ 57,201  
                                        

Interest income decreased during the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009 compared with the same periods in the prior year and during the three months ended March 29, 2009 compared with the December 2008 quarter and was primarily attributable to decreases in interest rate yields and to a lesser extent decreases in our average cash and investment balances. Average cash and investment balances were lower year over primarily as the result of our acquisition of SEZ in March 2008.

During the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009, our interest expense decreased compared with the corresponding three month period ended December 28, 2008 and the three and nine month periods ended March 30, 2008 primarily as a result of decreases in interest rates.

Included in foreign exchange gains during the three months ended March 29, 2009 was $6.7 million of gains associated with the Company’s accelerated tax planning strategy and $4.2 million of gains primarily due to changes in the value of our foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities with non-U.S. dollar functional subsidiaries due to the U.S. dollar’s weakening against the Euro and strengthening against the Japanese yen.

Included in the foreign exchange gains during the nine months ended March 29, 2009 was $4.0 million of deferred net losses associated with ineffectiveness of our cash flow hedges related to forecasted transactions that were no longer considered probable of occurring due to a significant decline in the market and $5.5 million of gains primarily due to changes in the value of our foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities with non-U.S. dollar functional subsidiaries due to the U.S. dollar’s weakening against the Euro and Taiwanese dollar and strengthening against the Japanese yen.

Included in foreign exchange gains during the three and nine months ended March 30, 2008 are gains associated with the acquisition of SEZ of $49.3 million relating primarily to the settlement of a hedge of the Swiss franc. For the nine months ended March 30, 2008, this gain is partially offset by an unrealized loss recognized during the quarter ended December 23, 2007, representing the change in fair value of $7.2 million on the hedge of the Swiss franc related to the acquisition of SEZ. These net foreign exchange gains were offset by foreign exchange losses of approximately $8.6 million during the three months ending March 30, 2008 and $13.6 million during the nine months ending March 30, 2008. These foreign exchange losses were primarily due to the changes in value of our foreign currency denominated liabilities with non-U.S. dollar functional subsidiaries due to the U.S. dollar weakening against certain currencies, primarily the Euro and Taiwan dollar.

 

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A description of our exposure to foreign currency exchange rates can be found in the Risk Factors section of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q under the heading “Our Future Success Depends on International Sales and Management of Global Operations.”

Income Tax Expense

Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended March 29, 2009 was approximately -9.2% and -6.4%, respectively. Our effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended March 30, 2008 were 23.8% and 26.9%, respectively. We recorded the following material discrete events during the March 2009 quarter: (1) a tax benefit of ($4.6) million related to one-time restructuring costs, (2) a tax benefit of ($0.6) million for federal provision to return true up, (3) a tax benefit of ($0.1) million for foreign provision to return true up, (4) a tax expense of $0.9 million of FIN 48 interest, (5) tax expense for a Singapore tax holiday clawback of $1.0 million, (6) a tax expense of $1.0 million for revaluation of California deferred tax assets, and (7) tax expense of $4.2 million for California valuation allowance.

The overall change in the effective tax rate in all periods is impacted by the jurisdictional mix of income and significant discrete items mentioned above. We calculate our interim income tax provision in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 28, “Interim Financial Reporting” and FASB Interpretation No. 18, “Accounting for Income Taxes in Interim Periods” (FIN 18). In applying APB 28 and FIN 18 to the income tax provision computation for the period ended March 2009, we excluded from our calculation of the effective tax rate losses of a certain foreign jurisdiction since we cannot benefit those losses due to application of certain foreign tax rulings.

The “Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008” (the “Act”), which contains the “Tax Extenders and Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008”, was enacted on October 3, 2008 by the U.S. government. Under the Act, the research credit was retroactively extended for amounts paid or incurred after December 31, 2007 and before January 1, 2010. As a result, during the nine months ended March 29, 2009, we recorded a $5.8 million tax benefit related to the extension of the federal research credit as it pertains to our fiscal year 2008.

We recorded a valuation allowance during the quarter ended March 29, 2009 reflecting the potential impacts of the new California rules related to the repeal of the cost of performance sales factor sourcing rule, and the single sales factor apportionment election (both passed February 20, 2009, effective for years beginning on or after January 1, 2011).

Assembly Bill 1452, enacted on September 30, 2008 by the State of California, limits the amount of tax credits that can be utilized on the tax return. This change did not have any impact on our effective tax rate since the tax credits not utilized in the current year can be used to offset future tax liability.

Our effective tax rate is based on our current profitability outlook and our expectations of earnings from operations in various tax jurisdictions throughout the world. We have implemented strategies intended to limit our tax liability on the sale of our products worldwide. These tax strategies are intended to align the asset ownership and functions of our various legal entities around the world with our forecasts of the level, timing and sources of future revenues and profits.

Deferred Income Taxes

We had gross deferred tax assets, related primarily to reserves and accruals that are not currently deductible and tax credit carryforwards of $152.7 million and $173.1 million as of March 29, 2009 and June 29, 2008, respectively. The gross deferred tax assets were offset by deferred tax liabilities of $39.3 million and a valuation allowance of $7.5 million as of March 29, 2009 and deferred tax liabilities of $53.1 million and a valuation allowance of $3.4 million as of June 29, 2008, respectively.

Deferred tax assets decreased from June 29, 2008 to March 29, 2009 by approximately $10.7 million. This decrease mainly represents establishing California valuation allowance on certain deferred tax assets, other comprehensive income and shortfall on stock options.

We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Realization of our net deferred tax assets is dependent on future taxable income. We believe it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized; however, ultimate realization could be negatively impacted by market conditions and other variables not known or anticipated at this time. In the event that we determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets, an adjustment would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made. Likewise, if we later determine that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would be realized, then the previously provided valuation allowance would be reversed. Our current valuation allowance of $7.5 million relates to California deferred tax assets and certain deferred tax assets acquired in the SEZ acquisition. Any subsequently recognized tax benefits associated with valuation allowances recorded in the SEZ acquisition will be recorded as an adjustment to goodwill. We evaluate the realizability of the deferred tax assets quarterly and will continue to assess the need for additional valuation allowances, if any.

 

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make certain judgments, estimates and assumptions that could affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. We based our estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be applicable and evaluate them on an ongoing basis to ensure they remain reasonable under current conditions. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

A critical accounting policy is defined as one that has both a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations and requires us to make difficult, complex and/or subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. We believe that the following critical accounting policies reflect the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition: We recognize all revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred and title has passed or services have been rendered, the selling price is fixed or determinable, collection of the receivable is reasonably assured, and we have completed our system installation obligations, received customer acceptance or are otherwise released from our installation or customer acceptance obligations. In the event that terms of the sale provide for a lapsing customer acceptance period, we recognize revenue upon the expiration of the lapsing acceptance period or customer acceptance, whichever occurs first. In circumstances where the practices of a customer do not provide for a written acceptance or the terms of sale do not include a lapsing acceptance provision, we recognize revenue where it can be reliably demonstrated that the delivered system meets all of the agreed-to customer specifications. In situations with multiple deliverables, revenue is recognized upon the delivery of the separate elements to the customer and when we receive customer acceptance or are otherwise released from our customer acceptance obligations. Revenue from multiple-element arrangements is allocated among the separate elements based on their relative fair values, provided the elements have value on a stand-alone basis, there is objective and reliable evidence of fair value, the arrangement does not include a general right of return relative to the delivered item and delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in our control. The maximum revenue recognized on a delivered element is limited to the amount that is not contingent upon the delivery of additional items. Revenue related to sales of spare parts and system upgrade kits is generally recognized upon shipment. Revenue related to services is generally recognized upon completion of the services requested by a customer order. Revenue for extended maintenance service contracts with a fixed payment amount is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract.

Inventory Valuation: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market using standard costs which generally approximate actual costs on a first-in, first-out basis. We maintain a perpetual inventory system and continuously record the quantity on-hand and standard cost for each product, including purchased components, subassemblies, and finished goods. We maintain the integrity of perpetual inventory records through periodic physical counts of quantities on hand. Finished goods are reported as inventories until the point of title transfer to the customer. Generally, title transfer is documented in the terms of sale. When the terms of sale do not specify, we assume title transfers when we complete physical transfer of the products to the freight carrier unless other customer practices prevail. Transfer of title for shipments to Japanese customers generally occurs at time of customer acceptance.

Standard costs are reassessed as needed but annually at a minimum, and reflect achievable acquisition costs, generally the most recent vendor contract prices for purchased parts, normalized assembly and test labor utilization levels, methods of manufacturing, and overhead for internally manufactured products. Manufacturing labor and overhead costs are attributed to individual product standard costs at a level planned to absorb spending at average utilization volumes. All intercompany profits related to the sales and purchases of inventory between our legal entities are eliminated from our consolidated financial statements.

Management evaluates the need to record adjustments for impairment of inventory at least quarterly. Our policy is to assess the valuation of all inventories including manufacturing raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and spare parts in each reporting period. Obsolete inventory or inventory in excess of management’s estimated usage requirements over the next 12 to 36 months is written down to its estimated market value if less than cost. Inherent in the estimates of market value are management’s forecasts related to our future manufacturing schedules, customer demand, technological and/or market obsolescence, general semiconductor market conditions, possible alternative uses, and ultimate realization of excess inventory. If future customer demand or market conditions are less favorable than our projections, additional inventory write-downs may be required and would be reflected in cost of sales in the period the revision is made.

Warranty: Typically, the sale of semiconductor capital equipment includes providing parts and service warranty to customers as part of the overall price of the system. We offer standard warranties for our systems that run generally for a period of 12 months from system acceptance. When appropriate, we record a provision for estimated warranty expenses

 

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to cost of sales for each system upon revenue recognition. The amount recorded is based on an analysis of historical activity which uses factors such as type of system, customer, geographic region, and any known factors such as tool reliability trends. All actual or estimated parts and labor costs incurred in subsequent periods are charged to those established reserves on a system-by-system basis.

Actual warranty expenses are accounted for on a system-by-system basis, and may differ from our original estimates. While we periodically monitor the performance and cost of warranty activities, if actual costs incurred are different than our estimates, we may recognize adjustments to provisions in the period in which those differences arise or are identified. We do not maintain general or unspecified reserves; all warranty reserves are related to specific systems. In addition to the provision of standard warranties, we offer customer-paid extended warranty services. Revenues for extended maintenance and warranty services with a fixed payment amount are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract. Related costs are recorded either as incurred or when related liabilities are determined to be probable and estimable.

Equity-based Compensation — Employee Stock Purchase Plan and Employee Stock Plans: We account for our employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) and stock plans under the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R (“SFAS No. 123R”). SFAS No. 123R requires the recognition of the fair value of equity-based compensation in net income. The fair value of our restricted stock units was calculated based upon the fair market value of Company stock at the date of grant. The fair value of our stock options and ESPP awards was estimated using a Black-Scholes option valuation model. This model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions and elections in adopting and implementing SFAS No. 123R, including expected stock price volatility and the estimated life of each award. The fair value of equity- based awards is amortized over the vesting period of the award and we have elected to use the straight-line method for awards granted after the adoption of SFAS No. 123R and continue to use a graded vesting method for awards granted prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R.

We make quarterly assessments of the adequacy of our tax credit pool related to equity-based compensation to determine if there are any deficiencies that require recognition in our consolidated statements of operations. As a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, we will only recognize a benefit from stock-based compensation in paid-in-capital if an incremental tax benefit is realized after all other tax attributes currently available to us have been utilized. In addition, we have elected to account for the indirect benefits of stock-based compensation on the research tax credit through the income statement (continuing operations) rather than through paid-in-capital. We have also elected to net deferred tax assets and the associated valuation allowance related to net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards for the accumulated stock award tax benefits determined under Accounting Principles Board No. 25 for income tax footnote disclosure purposes. We will track these stock award attributes separately and will only recognize these attributes through paid-in-capital in accordance with Footnote 82 of SFAS No. 123R.

Income Taxes: Deferred income taxes reflect the net effect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Realization of our net deferred tax assets is dependent on future taxable income. We believe it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized; however, ultimate realization could be negatively impacted by market conditions and other variables not known or anticipated at this time. In the event that we determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets, an adjustment would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made. Likewise, if we later determine that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would be realized, then the previously provided valuation allowance would be reversed.

We calculate our current and deferred tax provision based on estimates and assumptions that can differ from the actual results reflected in income tax returns filed during the subsequent year. Adjustments based on filed returns are recorded when identified.

We provide for income taxes on the basis of annual estimated effective income tax rates. Our estimated effective income tax rate reflects our underlying profitability, the level of R&D spending, the regions where profits are recorded and the respective tax rates imposed. We carefully monitor these factors and adjust the effective income tax rate, if necessary. If actual results differ from estimates, we could be required to record an additional valuation allowance on deferred tax assets or adjust our effective income tax rate, which could have a material impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws. Our estimate for the potential outcome of any uncertain tax issue is highly judgmental. Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with our expectations could have a material impact on our results of operations and financial condition.

In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation 48, “Accounting for Income Tax Uncertainties” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 defines the threshold for recognizing the benefits of tax return positions in the financial statements as “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the taxing authority. It provides guidance on the derecognition, measurement

 

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and classification of income tax uncertainties, along with any related interest and penalties. FIN 48 also includes guidance concerning accounting for income tax uncertainties in interim periods and increases the level of disclosures associated with any recorded income tax uncertainties. We must make certain estimates and judgments in determining income tax expense for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits, benefits, and deductions, and in the calculation of certain tax assets and liabilities, which arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes, as well as the interest and penalties relating to these uncertain tax positions. Significant changes to these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to our tax provision in a subsequent period.

We must assess the likelihood that we will be able to recover our deferred tax assets. If recovery is not likely, we must increase our provision for taxes by recording a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets that we estimate will not ultimately be recoverable. We believe that we will ultimately recover a substantial majority of the deferred tax assets recorded on our consolidated balance sheets. However, should there be a change in our ability to recover our deferred tax assets, our tax provision would increase in the period in which we determined that the recovery was not probable.

In addition, the calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, we recognize liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on the two-step process prescribed within the interpretation. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as this requires us to determine the probability of various possible outcomes. We reevaluate these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, effectively settled issues under audit, and new audit activity. Such a change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision in the period.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets: We account for goodwill and other intangible assets in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“SFAS No. 142”). SFAS No. 142 requires that goodwill and identifiable intangible assets with indefinite useful lives no longer be amortized, but instead be tested for impairment at least annually. SFAS No. 142 also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values and reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”.

We review goodwill at least annually for impairment. Should certain events or indicators of impairment occur between annual impairment tests, we perform the impairment test of goodwill at that date. In testing for a potential impairment of goodwill, we: (1) allocate goodwill to our various reporting units to which the acquired goodwill relates; (2) estimate the fair value of our reporting units; and (3) determine the carrying value (book value) of those reporting units, as some of the assets and liabilities related to those reporting units are not held by those reporting units but by corporate headquarters. Furthermore, if the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying value, we must estimate the fair value of all identifiable assets and liabilities of that reporting unit, in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation for an acquired business. This can require independent valuations of certain internally generated and unrecognized intangible assets such as in-process research and development and developed technology. Only after this process is completed can the amount of goodwill impairment, if any, be determined.

The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is subjective and requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis. In estimating the fair value of a reporting unit for the purposes of our annual or periodic analyses, we make estimates and judgments about the future cash flows of that reporting unit. Although our cash flow forecasts are based on assumptions that are consistent with our plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses, there is significant exercise of judgment involved in determining the cash flows attributable to a reporting unit over its estimated remaining useful life. In addition, we make certain judgments about allocating shared assets to the estimated balance sheets of our reporting units. We also consider our and our competitor’s market capitalization on the date we perform the analysis. Changes in judgment on these assumptions and estimates could result in a goodwill impairment charge.

The value assigned to intangible assets is based on estimates and judgments regarding expectations such as the success and life cycle of products and technology acquired. If actual product acceptance differs significantly from the estimates, we may be required to record an impairment charge to write down the asset to its realizable value.

 

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

On June 30, 2008, we adopted the required portions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”). There was no material impact to our consolidated financial statements from the adoption of SFAS No. 157. This Statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 currently applies to all financial assets and liabilities, and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis. In February 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Staff Position No. 157-2, delaying the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis. The delayed portions of SFAS No. 157 will be adopted by us beginning in our fiscal year ending June 27, 2010. In October 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset in a Market That Is Not Active,” which clarifies the application of Statement 157 when the market for a financial asset is inactive. Specifically, FSP FAS 157-3 clarifies how (1) management’s internal assumptions should be considered in measuring fair value when observable data are not present, (2) observable market information from an inactive market should be taken into account, and (3) the use of broker quotes or pricing services should be considered in assessing the relevance of observable and unobservable data to measure fair value. The guidance of FSP FAS 157-3 is effective immediately and we have adopted its provisions with respect to our financial assets and liabilities as of September 28, 2008. The impact of adopting the non-delayed portions of SFAS No. 157 is more fully described in Note 4 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In February 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”. This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. This Statement was effective for us beginning June 30, 2008. We have not applied the fair value option to any items; therefore, the Statement did not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141R”). SFAS No. 141R establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. SFAS No. 141R also establishes disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141R is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year that begins after December 15, 2008. We expect to adopt SFAS No. 141R in the beginning of fiscal year 2010 and we are currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS No. 141R on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — An Amendment of ARB 51” (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS 160 establishes accounting and reporting standards for the treatment of noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary. Noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary will be reported as a component of equity in the consolidated financial statements and any retained noncontrolling equity investment upon deconsolidation of a subsidiary is initially measured at fair value. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS No. 160 will result in the reclassification of minority interests to stockholders’ equity. We don’t believe the adoption of SFAS No. 160 will have a material impact on our results of operations and financial condition.

On December 29, 2008, we adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — An Amendment of FASB Statement 133” (“SFAS No. 161”). There was no material impact to our consolidated financial statements from the adoption of SFAS No. 161. SFAS No. 161 requires expanded and enhanced disclosure for derivative instruments, including those used in hedging activities. See Note 4 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP SFAS 142-3”). FSP SFAS 142-3 provides guidance with respect to estimating the useful lives of recognized intangible assets acquired on or after the effective date and requires additional disclosure related to the renewal or extension of the terms of recognized intangible assets. FSP SFAS 142-3 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently assessing the impact of the adoption of FSP SFAS 142-3 on our results of operations and financial condition.

In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP SFAS 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly,” (“FSP SFAS 157-4”), which provides additional guidance for estimating fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 157 when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased. This FSP re-emphasizes that regardless of market conditions the fair value measurement is an exit price concept as defined in SFAS No. 157. This FSP clarifies and includes additional factors to consider in determining whether there has been a significant decrease in market activity for an asset or liability and provides additional clarification on estimating fair value when the market activity for an asset or liability has declined significantly. The scope of this FSP does not include assets and liabilities

 

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measured under level 1 inputs. FSP SFAS 157-4 is applied prospectively to all fair value measurements where appropriate and will be effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of FSP SFAS 157-4 on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP SFAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments” (“FSP SFAS 107-1 and APB 28-1”). FSP SFAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 amends SFAS No. 107, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” to require publicly-traded companies, as defined in APB Opinion No. 28, “Interim Financial Reporting,” to provide disclosures on the fair value of financial instruments in interim financial statements. FSP SFAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 is effective for interim periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of FSP SFAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

As of March 29, 2009, we had $0.8 billion in gross cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted cash and investments (total cash and investments) compared to $1.2 billion as of June 29, 2008. This decrease included our payment of the outstanding principal balance of $237.5 million of our existing long-term debt with ABN AMRO Bank N.V. during the March 2009 quarter. Cash used by operating activities was $(20.0) million for the nine months ended March 29, 2009.

Cash Flows From Operating Activities

Net cash used by operating activities of $(20.0) million during the nine months ended March 29, 2009, consisted of (in millions):

 

Net loss

   $ (213.7 )

Non-cash charges:

  

Depreciation and amortization

     54.7  

Equity-based compensation

     39.7  

Goodwill impairment

     89.1  

Restructuring charges, net

     60.1  

Net tax benefit on equity-based compensation plans

     (6.6 )

Deferred income taxes

     10.6  

Changes in operating asset accounts

     (60.7 )

Other

     6.8  
        
   $ (20.0 )
        

Significant changes in operating accounts included above during the nine months ended March 29, 2009 included the following uses of cash: decreases in accrued expenses and other liabilities of approximately $134 million, deferred profit of $92 million, accounts payable of $50 million, and prepaid expenses and other assets of $9 million,. These uses of cash were partially offset by decreases in accounts receivable of approximately $207 million and inventories of $17 million. These changes in operating accounts are consistent with decreased business volumes.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net cash used for investing activities during the nine months ended March 29, 2009 was $38.7 million and included the transfer of restricted cash and investments of approximately $48 million, capital expenditures of $38 million, acquisitions of businesses of $23 million which included the acquisition of the remaining shares outstanding of SEZ and the completion of the acquisition of assets related to Bullen Semiconductor (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. These uses of cash were partially offset by approximately $81 million in net sales of available-for-sale securities.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash used for financing activities during the nine months ended March 29, 2009 was $269.5 million, and included $255 million in principal payments on long-term debt and capital lease obligations primarily due to the long-term debt payment noted above, $28 million of share repurchases, partially offset by net proceeds from issuance of common stock related to employee equity-based plans of $19 million.

Given the cyclical nature of the semiconductor equipment industry, we believe that maintaining sufficient liquidity reserves is important to support sustaining levels of investment in R&D and capital infrastructure. Based upon our current business outlook, our levels of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments at March 29, 2009 are expected to be sufficient to support our presently anticipated levels of operations, investments, debt service requirements, and capital expenditures, through at least the next 12 months.

 

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In the longer term, liquidity will depend to a great extent on our future revenues and our ability to appropriately manage our costs based on demand for our products and services. Should additional funding be required, we may need to raise the required funds through borrowings or public or private sales of debt or equity securities. We believe that, in the event of such requirements, we will be able to access the capital markets on terms and in amounts adequate to meet our objectives. However, given the possibility of changes in market conditions or other occurrences, there can be no certainty that such funding will be available in needed quantities or on terms favorable to us.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations

We have certain obligations to make future payments under various contracts, some of which are recorded on our balance sheet and some of which are not. Obligations are recorded on our balance sheet in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and include our long-term debt which is outlined in the following table and noted below. Our off-balance sheet arrangements include contractual relationships and are presented as operating leases and purchase obligations in the table below. Our contractual cash obligations and commitments relating to these agreements and our guarantees are included in the following table. The amounts in the table below exclude $124.9 million of liabilities under FIN 48 as we are unable to reasonably estimate the ultimate amount or time of settlement.

 

     Operating
Leases
   Capital
Leases
   Purchase
Obligations
   Long-term
Debt and
Interest Expense
   Total
     (in thousands)     

Payments due by period:

              

Less than 1 year

   $ 9,842    $ 1,845    $ 108,567    $ 4,599    $ 124,853

1-3 years

     17,584      3,674      65,055      18,943      105,256

3-5 years

     16,081      3,669      40,616      4,346      64,712

Over 5 years

     149,268      13,217      19,280      —        181,765
                                  

Total

   $ 192,775    $ 22,405    $ 233,518    $ 27,888    $ 476,586
                                  

Operating Leases

We lease most of our administrative, R&D and manufacturing facilities, regional sales/service offices and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases, which expire at various dates through 2016. Certain of our facility leases for buildings located at our Fremont, California headquarters and certain other facility leases provide us with an option to extend the leases for additional periods or to purchase the facilities. Certain of our facility leases provide for periodic rent increases based on the general rate of inflation.

Included in the Operating Leases Over 5 years section of the table above is $143.9 million in guaranteed residual values for lease agreements relating to certain properties at our Fremont, California campus and properties in Livermore, California.

On December 18, 2007, and as amended on April 3, 2008 and July 9, 2008, we entered into a series of two operating leases (the “Livermore Leases”) regarding certain improved properties in Livermore, California. On December 21, 2007, we entered into a series of four amended and restated operating leases (the “New Fremont Leases,” and collectively with the Livermore Leases, the “Operating Leases”) with regard to certain improved properties at our headquarters in Fremont, California. Each of the Operating Leases is an off-balance sheet arrangement. The Operating Leases (and associated documents for each Operating Lease) were entered into by us and BNP Paribas Leasing Corporation (“BNPPLC”).

Each Livermore Lease facility has an approximately seven-year term (inclusive of an initial construction period during which BNPPLC’s and our obligations will be governed by the Construction Agreement entered into with regard to such Livermore Lease facility) ending on the first business day in January, 2015. Each New Fremont Lease has an approximately seven-year term ending on the first business day in January, 2015.

Under each Operating Lease, we may, at our discretion and with 30 days’ notice, elect to purchase the property that is the subject of the Operating Lease for an amount approximating the sum required to prepay the amount of BNPPLC’s investment in the property and any accrued but unpaid rent. Any such amount may also include an additional make-whole amount for early redemption of the outstanding investment, which will vary depending on prevailing interest rates at the time of prepayment.

 

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We will be required, pursuant to the terms of the Operating Leases and associated documents, to maintain collateral in an aggregate of approximately $167.4 million (upon completion of the Livermore construction) in separate interest-bearing accounts and/or eligible short-term investments as security for our obligations under the Operating Leases. We completed construction of one of two Livermore properties on December 1, 2008. Upon completion of construction of this property, the property was no longer governed by the Construction Agreement, and is now part of the Operating Leases. As of December 28, 2008, we had $170.2 million recorded as restricted cash and short-term investments in our consolidated balance sheet as collateral required under the lease agreements related to the amounts currently outstanding on the facility.

Upon expiration of the term of an Operating Lease, the property subject to that Operating Lease may be remarketed. We have guaranteed to BNPPLC that each property will have a certain minimum residual value, as set forth in the applicable Operating Lease. The aggregate guarantee made by us under the Operating Leases is no more than approximately $143.9 million (although, under certain default circumstances, the guarantee with regard to an Operating Lease may be 100% of BNPPLC’s investment in the applicable property; in the aggregate, the amounts payable under such guarantees will be no more than $167.4 million plus related indemnification or other obligations).

The lessor under the lease agreements is a substantive independent leasing company that does not have the characteristics of a variable interest entity (VIE) as defined by FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” and is therefore not consolidated by us.

The remaining operating lease balances primarily relate to non-cancelable facility-related operating leases.

Capital Leases

Capital leases reflect building lease obligations assumed from our acquisition of SEZ. The amounts in the table above include the interest portion of payment obligations.

Purchase Obligations

Purchase obligations consist of significant contractual obligations either on an annual basis or over multi-year periods related to our outsourcing activities or other material commitments, including vendor-consigned inventories. We continue to enter into new agreements and maintain existing agreements to outsource certain activities, including elements of our manufacturing, warehousing, logistics, facilities maintenance, certain information technology functions, and certain transactional general and administrative functions. The contractual cash obligations and commitments table presented above contains our obligations at December 28, 2008 under these arrangements and others. Actual expenditures will vary based on the volume of transactions and length of contractual service provided. In addition to these obligations, certain of these agreements include early termination provisions and/or cancellation penalties which could increase or decrease amounts actually paid.

Consignment inventories, which are owned by vendors but located in our storage locations and warehouses, are not reported as our inventory until title is transferred to us or our purchase obligation is determined. At March 29, 2009, vendor-owned inventories held at our locations and not reported as our inventory were $20.5 million.

Long-Term Debt

On March 27, 2009, we paid the outstanding principal balance of $237.5 million of our existing long-term debt with ABN AMRO Bank N.V. (“ABN AMRO”) using existing cash balances. There were no penalties associated with the payment. The originally scheduled remaining principal repayment terms were (a) $12.5 million due in each of the June 2009 and December 2009 quarters and (b) the outstanding remaining principal amount of $212.5 million due on March 3, 2010. In connection with the payment, the parties agreed to terminate the ABN AMRO Credit Agreement and related Collateral Documents. ABN AMRO continues to be a participant in our operating leases with BNP Paribas Leasing Corporation and continues to provide banking services to us for customary fees.

Our remaining total long-term debt of $27.0 million as of March 29, 2009 is the result of obligations assumed in connection with the acquisition of SEZ, consisting of various bank loans and government subsidized technology loans supporting operating needs.

 

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Guarantees

We account for our guarantees in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 45 “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others” (“FIN 45”). FIN 45 requires a company that is a guarantor to make specific disclosures about its obligations under certain guarantees that it has issued. FIN 45 also requires a company (the guarantor) to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the obligations it has undertaken in issuing the guarantee.

We have issued certain indemnifications to our lessors for taxes and general liability under some of our agreements. We have entered into certain insurance contracts which may limit our exposure to such indemnifications. As of March 29, 2009, we have not recorded any liability on our consolidated financial statements in connection with these indemnifications, as we do not believe, based on information available, that it is probable that any amounts will be paid under these guarantees.

Generally, the Company indemnifies, under pre-determined conditions and limitations, its customers for infringement of third-party intellectual property rights by the Company’s products or services. The Company seeks to limit its liability for such indemnity to an amount not to exceed the sales price of the products or services subject to its indemnification obligations. The Company does not believe, based on information available, that it is probable that any material amounts will be paid under these guarantees.

Warranties

The Company offers standard warranties on its systems that run generally for a period of 12 months from system acceptance. The liability amount is based on actual historical warranty spending activity by type of system, customer, and geographic region, modified for any known differences such as the impact of system reliability improvements.

Subsequent Events

We made a decision during the quarter ending June 28, 2009 that we do not plan to occupy one of the two buildings associated with the Livermore Leases disclosed above in “Operating Leases”. The lease associated with this facility is an off-balance sheet arrangement and has an approximately seven-year term ending on the first business day in January 2015. We are currently evaluating the impact of this decision on our future consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

 

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

For financial market risks related to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, refer to Part II, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk”, in our 2008 Form 10-K.

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio, long-term debt, and synthetic leases. We maintain a conservative investment policy, which focuses on the safety and preservation of our invested funds by limiting default risk, market risk, and reinvestment risk. We mitigate default risk by investing in high credit quality securities and by positioning our portfolio to respond appropriately to a significant reduction in a credit rating of any investment issuer or guarantor. The portfolio includes only marketable securities with active secondary or resale markets to achieve portfolio liquidity and maintain a prudent amount of diversification.

We believe that maintaining sufficient liquidity reserves is important to support sustaining levels of investment in our business activities. Based upon our current business outlook, our levels of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments at March 29, 2009 are expected to be sufficient to support our anticipated levels of operations, investments, debt service requirements, and capital expenditures, through at least the next 12 months. However, the current uncertainty in the global economic conditions and the recent disruption in credit markets have impacted customer demand for our products, as well as our ability to manage normal commercial relationships with our customers, suppliers, and creditors. If the current situation deteriorates further, our business could suffer further negative impacts.

 

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ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b), as of March 29, 2009, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer, along with our Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level.

We intend to review and evaluate the design and effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures on an ongoing basis and to correct any material deficiencies that we may discover. Our goal is to ensure that our senior management has timely access to material information that could affect our business.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Effectiveness of Controls

While we believe the present design of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting is effective, future events affecting our business may cause us to modify our disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting. The effectiveness of controls cannot be absolute because the cost to design and implement a control to identify errors or mitigate the risk of errors occurring should not outweigh the potential loss caused by the errors that would likely be detected by the control. Moreover, we believe that a control system cannot be guaranteed to be 100% effective all of the time. Accordingly, a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we have received notices from third parties alleging infringement of such parties’ patent or other intellectual property rights by our products. In such cases it is our policy to defend the claims, or if considered appropriate, negotiate licenses on commercially reasonable terms. However, no assurance can be given that we will be able in the future to negotiate necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or that any litigation resulting from such claims would not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or operating results.

 

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ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the following risk factors should be carefully considered in evaluating the Company and its business because such factors may significantly impact our business, operating results, and financial condition. As a result of these risk factors, as well as other risks discussed in our other SEC filings, our actual results could differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements. No priority or significance is intended, or should be attached, to the order in which the risk factors appear.

We Face Risks Related to the Deterioration in the General Economic Outlook and the Downturn in the Semiconductor Industry

Current global economic conditions have impacted customer demand for our products and our ability to manage normal commercial relationships with our customers, suppliers, and creditors. Additionally, some of our customers’ ability to access credit has been adversely affected, which limits their ability to purchase our products and services. The degree of the impact on our business of the current credit and economic environment will depend on a number of factors, including the duration and severity of the recession facing the U.S. economy and the global economy generally, and the semiconductor industry specifically. This impact may cause potential material adverse changes to our results of operations and financial condition including, but not limited to:

 

   

an increase in reserves on accounts receivable due to our customers’ inability to pay us;

 

   

an increase in reserves on inventory balances due to excess or obsolete inventory as a result of our inability to sell such inventory;

 

   

additional valuation allowances on deferred tax assets;

 

   

additional restructuring charges;

 

   

asset impairments including the potential impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets;

 

   

our investments may decrease in value;

 

   

we may violate debt covenants;

 

   

we may be exposed to claims from our suppliers for inventory that we order in anticipation of customer purchases that do not come to fruition;

 

   

we may have problems maintaining reliable and uninterrupted sources of supply; and

 

   

demand for our products may continue to fall.

 

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Our Quarterly Revenues and Operating Results Are Unpredictable

Our revenues and operating results may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, not all of which are in our control. We manage our expense levels based in part on our expectations of future revenues. If revenue levels in a particular quarter do not meet our expectations, our operating results may be adversely affected. Because our operating expenses are based in part on anticipated future revenues, and a certain amount of those expenses are relatively fixed, a change in the timing of recognition of revenue and/or the level of gross profit from a single transaction can unfavorably affect operating results in a particular quarter. Factors that may cause our financial results to fluctuate unpredictably include, but are not limited to:

 

   

economic conditions in the electronics and semiconductor industries generally and the equipment industry specifically;

 

   

the extent that customers use our products and services in their business;

 

   

timing of customer acceptances of equipment;

 

   

the size and timing of orders from customers;

 

   

customer cancellations or delays in our shipments, installations, and/or acceptances;

 

   

changes in average selling prices, customer mix, and product mix;

 

   

our ability in a timely manner to develop, introduce and market new, enhanced, and competitive products;

 

   

our competitors’ introduction of new products;

 

   

legal or technical challenges to our products and technology;

 

   

changes in import/export regulations;

 

   

transportation, communication, demand, information technology or supply disruptions based on factors outside our control such as acts of God, wars, terrorist activities, and natural disasters;

 

   

legislative, tax, accounting, or regulatory changes or changes in their interpretation;

 

   

procurement shortages;

 

   

manufacturing difficulties;

 

   

the failure of our suppliers or outsource providers to perform their obligations in a manner consistent with our expectations;

 

   

changes in our estimated effective tax rate;

 

   

new or modified accounting regulations and practices; and

 

   

exchange rate fluctuations.

Further, because a significant amount of our R&D and administrative operations and capacity is located at our Fremont, California campus, natural, physical, logistical or other events or disruptions affecting these facilities (including labor disruptions, earthquakes, and power failures) could adversely impact our financial performance.

We Derive Our Revenues Primarily from a Relatively Small Number of High-Priced Systems

System sales constitute a significant portion of our total revenue. Our systems can range in price up to approximately $6 million per unit, and our revenues in any given quarter are dependent upon the acceptance of a rather limited number of such systems. As a result, the inability to declare revenue on even a few systems can cause a significant adverse impact on our revenues for that quarter.

 

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Variations in the Amount of Time it Takes for Our Customers to Accept Our Systems May Cause Fluctuation in Our Operating Results

We generally recognize revenue for new system sales on the date of customer acceptance or the date the contractual customer acceptance provisions lapse. As a result, the fiscal period in which we are able to recognize new systems revenues is typically subject to the length of time that our customers require to evaluate the performance of our equipment after shipment and installation, which may vary from customer to customer and tool to tool. Such variations could cause our quarterly operating results to fluctuate.

The Semiconductor Equipment Industry is Volatile and Reduced Product Demand Has a Negative Impact on Shipments

Our business depends on the capital equipment expenditures of semiconductor manufacturers, which in turn depend on the current and anticipated market demand for integrated circuits and products using integrated circuits. The semiconductor industry is cyclical in nature and historically experiences periodic downturns. Business conditions historically have changed rapidly and unpredictably.

Fluctuating levels of investment by semiconductor manufacturers could continue to materially affect our aggregate shipments, revenues and operating results. Where appropriate, we will attempt to respond to these fluctuations with cost management programs aimed at aligning our expenditures with anticipated revenue streams, which sometimes result in restructuring charges. Even during periods of reduced revenues, we must continue to invest in research and development and maintain extensive ongoing worldwide customer service and support capabilities to remain competitive, which may temporarily harm our financial results.

We Depend on New Products and Processes for Our Success. Consequently, We are Subject to Risks Associated with Rapid Technological Change

Rapid technological changes in semiconductor manufacturing processes subject us to increased pressure to develop technological advances enabling such processes. We believe that our future success depends in part upon our ability to develop and offer new products with improved capabilities and to continue to enhance our existing products. If new products have reliability or quality problems, our performance may be impacted by reduced orders, higher manufacturing costs, delays in acceptance of and payment for new products, and additional service and warranty expenses. We may be unable to develop and manufacture new products successfully, or new products that we introduce may fail in the marketplace. Our failure to complete commercialization of these new products in a timely manner could result in unanticipated costs and inventory obsolescence, which would adversely affect our financial results.

In order to develop new products and processes, we expect to continue to make significant investments in R&D and to pursue joint development relationships with customers, suppliers or other members of the industry. We must manage product transitions and joint development relationships successfully, as introduction of new products could adversely affect our sales of existing products. Moreover, future technologies, processes or product developments may render our current product offerings obsolete, leaving us with non-competitive products, or obsolete inventory, or both.

We are Subject to Risks Relating to Product Concentration and Lack of Product Revenue Diversification

We derive a substantial percentage of our revenues from a limited number of products, and we expect these products to continue to account for a large percentage of our revenues in the near term. Continued market acceptance of these products is, therefore, critical to our future success. Our business, operating results, financial condition, and cash flows could therefore be adversely affected by:

 

   

a decline in demand for even a limited number of our products;

 

   

a failure to achieve continued market acceptance of our key products;

 

   

export restrictions or other regulatory or legislative actions which limit our ability to sell those products to key customer or market segments;

 

   

an improved version of products being offered by a competitor in the market in which we participate;

 

   

increased pressure from competitors that offer broader product lines;

 

   

technological change that we are unable to address with our products; or

 

   

a failure to release new or enhanced versions of our products on a timely basis.

 

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In addition, the fact that we offer a more limited product line creates the risk that our customers may view us as less important to their business than our competitors that offer additional products as well. This may impact our ability to maintain or expand our business with certain customers. Such product concentration may also subject us to additional risks associated with technology changes. Since we are primarily a provider of etch equipment, our business is affected by our customers’ use of etching steps in their processes. Should technologies change so that the manufacture of semiconductor chips requires fewer etching steps, this might have a larger impact on our business than it would on the business of our less concentrated competitors.

We Have a Limited Number of Key Customers

Sales to a limited number of large customers constitute a significant portion of our overall revenue, new orders and profitability. As a result, the actions of even one customer may subject us to revenue swings that are difficult to predict. Similarly, significant portions of our credit risk may, at any given time, be concentrated among a limited number of customers, so that the failure of even one of these key customers to pay its obligations to us could significantly impact our financial results.

Strategic Alliances May Have Negative Effects on Our Business

Increasingly, semiconductor companies are entering into strategic alliances with one another to expedite the development of processes and other manufacturing technologies. Often, one of the outcomes of such an alliance is the definition of a particular tool set for a certain function or a series of process steps that use a specific set of manufacturing equipment. While this could work to our advantage if Lam Research’s equipment becomes the basis for the function or process, it could work to our disadvantage if a competitor’s tools or equipment become the standard equipment for such function or process. In the latter case, even if Lam Research’s equipment was previously used by a customer, that equipment may be displaced in current and future applications by the tools standardized by the alliance.

Similarly, our customers may team with, or follow the lead of, educational or research institutions that establish processes for accomplishing various tasks or manufacturing steps. If those institutions utilize a competitor’s equipment when they establish those processes, it is likely that customers will tend to use the same equipment in setting up their own manufacturing lines. These actions could adversely impact our market share and subsequent business.

We are Dependent Upon a Limited Number of Key Suppliers

We obtain certain components and sub-assemblies included in our products from a single supplier or a limited group of suppliers. We have established long-term contracts with many of these suppliers. These long-term contracts can take a variety of forms. We may renew these contracts periodically. In some cases, these suppliers sold us products during at least the last four years, and we expect that we will continue to renew these contracts in the future or that we will otherwise replace them with competent alternative suppliers. However, several of our suppliers are relatively new providers to us so that our experience with them and their performance is limited. Where practical, our intent is to establish alternative sources to mitigate the risk that the failure of any single supplier will adversely affect our business. Nevertheless, a prolonged inability to obtain certain components could impair our ability to ship products, lower our revenues and thus adversely affect our operating results and result in damage to our customer relationships.

Our Outsource Providers May Fail to Perform as We Expect

Outsource providers have played and will play key roles in our manufacturing operations and in many of our transactional and administrative functions, such as information technology, facilities management, and certain elements of our finance organization. Although we aim at selecting reputable providers and secure their performance on terms documented in written contracts, it is possible that one or more of these providers could fail to perform as we expect and such failure could have an adverse impact on our business.

In addition, the expansive role of outsource providers has required and will continue to require us to implement changes to our existing operations and to adopt new procedures to deal with and manage the performance of these outsource providers. Any delay or failure in the implementation of our operational changes and new procedures could adversely affect our customer relationships and/or have a negative effect on our operating results.

Once a Semiconductor Manufacturer Commits to Purchase a Competitor’s Semiconductor Manufacturing Equipment, the Manufacturer Typically Continues to Purchase that Competitor’s Equipment, Making it More Difficult for Us to Sell Our Equipment to that Customer

Semiconductor manufacturers must make a substantial investment to qualify and integrate wafer processing equipment into a semiconductor production line. We believe that once a semiconductor manufacturer selects a particular supplier’s processing equipment, the manufacturer generally relies upon that equipment for that specific production line application. Accordingly, we expect it to be more difficult to sell to a given customer if that customer initially selects a competitor’s equipment.

 

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We are Subject to Risks Associated with Our Competitors’ Strategic Relationships and Their Introduction of New Products and We May Lack the Financial Resources or Technological Capabilities of Certain of Our Competitors Needed to Capture Increased Market Share

We expect to face significant competition from multiple current and future competitors. We believe that other companies are developing systems and products that are competitive to ours and are planning to introduce new products, which may affect our ability to sell our existing products. We face a greater risk if our competitors enter into strategic relationships with leading semiconductor manufacturers covering products similar to those we sell or may develop, as this could adversely affect our ability to sell products to those manufacturers.

We believe that to remain competitive we will require significant financial resources to offer a broad range of products, to maintain customer service and support centers worldwide, and to invest in product and process R&D. Certain of our competitors have substantially greater financial resources and more extensive engineering, manufacturing, marketing, and customer service and support resources than we do and therefore have the potential to increasingly dominate the semiconductor equipment industry. These competitors may deeply discount or give away products similar to those that we sell, challenging or even exceeding our ability to make similar accommodations and threatening our ability to sell those products. For these reasons, we may fail to continue to compete successfully worldwide.

In addition, our competitors may provide innovative technology that may have performance advantages over systems we currently, or expect to, offer. They may be able to develop products comparable or superior to those we offer or may adapt more quickly to new technologies or evolving customer requirements. In particular, while we currently are developing additional product enhancements that we believe will address future customer requirements, we may fail in a timely manner to complete the development or introduction of these additional product enhancements successfully, or these product enhancements may not achieve market acceptance or be competitive. Accordingly, we may be unable to continue to compete in our markets, competition may intensify, or future competition may have a material adverse effect on our revenues, operating results, financial condition, and/or cash flows.

Our Future Success Depends on International Sales and the Management of Global Operations

Non-U.S. sales accounted for approximately 83% in fiscal year 2008, 84% in fiscal year 2007 and 86% in fiscal year 2006 of our total revenue. We expect that international sales will continue to account for a significant portion of our total revenue in future years.

We are subject to various challenges related to the management of global operations, and international sales are subject to risks including, but not limited to:

 

   

trade balance issues;

 

   

economic and political conditions;

 

   

changes in currency controls;

 

   

differences in the enforcement of intellectual property and contract rights in varying jurisdictions;

 

   

our ability to develop relationships with local suppliers;

 

   

compliance with U.S. and international laws and regulations, including U.S. export restrictions;

 

   

fluctuations in interest and currency exchange rates;

 

   

the need for technical support resources in different locations; and

 

   

our ability to secure and retain qualified people for the operation of our business.

Certain international sales depend on our ability to obtain export licenses from the U.S. Government. Our failure or inability to obtain such licenses would substantially limit our markets and severely restrict our revenues. Many of the challenges noted above are applicable in China, which is a fast developing market for the semiconductor equipment industry and therefore an area of potential significant growth for our business. As the business volume between China and the rest of the world grows, there is inherent risk, based on the complex relationships between China, Taiwan, Japan, and the United States, that political and diplomatic influences might lead to trade disruptions which would adversely affect our business with China and/or Taiwan and perhaps the entire Asia region. A significant trade disruption in these areas could have a material, adverse impact on our future revenue and profits.

 

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We are potentially exposed to adverse as well as beneficial movements in foreign currency exchange rates. The majority of our sales and expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars. We are exposed to foreign exchange rate fluctuations related to certain of our revenues denominated in Japanese yen and Euro, and to certain of our spares and service contracts, and expenses related to our non-U.S. sales and support offices which are denominated in these countries’ local currency.

We currently enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to minimize the short-term impact of the exchange rate fluctuations on Japanese yen-denominated assets and forecasted Japanese yen-denominated revenue and also on U.S. dollar-denominated assets where the Euro is the functional currency. We also enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to minimize the short-term impact of exchange rate fluctuations on various other non U.S. dollar-denominated assets and liabilities. We currently believe these are our primary exposures to currency rate fluctuation. We expect to continue to enter into hedging transactions, for the purposes outlined, in the foreseeable future. However, these hedging transactions may not achieve their desired effect because differences between the actual timing of customer acceptances and our forecasts of those acceptances may leave us either over- or under-hedged on any given transaction. Moreover, by hedging these foreign currency denominated revenues, assets and liabilities with foreign exchange forward contracts, we may miss favorable currency trends that would have been advantageous to us but for the hedges. Additionally, we are exposed to short-term exchange rate fluctuations on non-U.S. dollar-denominated assets and liabilities other than those currency exposures previously discussed and currently do not enter into such foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge these other currency exposures, and we therefore are subject to both favorable and unfavorable exchange rate fluctuations to the extent that we transact business (including intercompany transactions) in other currencies.

Our Financial Results May be Adversely Impacted by Higher Than Expected Tax Rates or Exposure to Additional Income Tax Liabilities

As a global company, our effective tax rate is highly dependent upon the geographic composition of worldwide earnings and tax regulations governing each region. We are subject to income taxes in both the United States and various foreign jurisdictions, and significant judgment is required to determine worldwide tax liabilities. Our effective tax rate could be adversely affected by changes in the split of earnings between countries with differing statutory tax rates, in the valuation of deferred tax assets, in tax laws or by material audit assessments, which could affect our profitability. In particular, the carrying value of deferred tax assets, which are predominantly in the United States, is dependent on our ability to generate future taxable income in the United States. In addition, the amount of income taxes we pay is subject to ongoing audits in various jurisdictions, and a material assessment by a governing tax authority could affect our profitability.

A Failure to Comply with Environmental Regulations May Adversely Affect Our Operating Results

We are subject to a variety of governmental regulations related to the discharge or disposal of toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals. We believe that we are in general compliance with these regulations and that we have obtained (or will obtain or are otherwise addressing) all necessary environmental permits to conduct our business. These permits generally relate to the disposal of hazardous wastes. Nevertheless, the failure to comply with present or future regulations could result in fines being imposed on us, suspension of production, cessation of our operations or reduction in our customers’ acceptance of our products. These regulations could require us to alter our current operations, to acquire significant equipment or to incur substantial other expenses to comply with environmental regulations. Our failure to control the use, sale, transport or disposal of hazardous substances could subject us to future liabilities.

If We are Unable to Adjust the Scale of Our Business in Response to Rapid Changes in Demand in the Semiconductor Equipment Industry, Our Operating Results and Our Ability to Compete Successfully May be Impaired

The business cycle in the semiconductor equipment industry has historically been characterized by frequent periods of rapid change in demand that challenge our management to adjust spending and resources allocated to operating activities. During periods of rapid growth or decline in demand for our products and services, we face significant challenges in maintaining adequate financial and business controls, management processes, information systems and procedures and in training, managing, and appropriately sizing our supply chain, our work force, and other components of our business on a timely basis. Our success will depend, to a significant extent, on the ability of our executive officers and other members of our senior management to identify and respond to these challenges effectively. If we do not adequately meet these challenges, our gross margins and earnings may be impaired during periods of demand decline, and we may lack the infrastructure and resources to scale up our business to meet customer expectations and compete successfully during periods of demand growth.

 

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If We Choose to Acquire or Dispose of Product Lines and Technologies, We May Encounter Unforeseen Costs and Difficulties That Could Impair Our Financial Performance

An important element of our management strategy is to review acquisition prospects that would complement our existing products, augment our market coverage and distribution ability, or enhance our technological capabilities. As a result, we may make acquisitions of complementary companies, products or technologies, such as our March 2008 acquisition of SEZ, or we may reduce or dispose of certain product lines or technologies, that no longer fit our long-term strategies. Managing an acquired business, disposing of product technologies or reducing personnel entails numerous operational and financial risks, including difficulties in assimilating acquired operations and new personnel or separating existing business or product groups, diversion of management’s attention away from other business concerns, amortization of acquired intangible assets and potential loss of key employees or customers of acquired or disposed operations among others. We anticipate that our recent acquisition of SEZ will give rise to risks like these, as we integrate its operations with ours. There can be no assurance that we will be able to achieve and manage successfully any such integration of potential acquisitions, disposition of product lines or technologies, or reduction in personnel or that our management, personnel, or systems will be adequate to support continued operations. Any such inabilities or inadequacies could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition, and cash flows.

In addition, any acquisitions could result in changes such as potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities, the amortization of related intangible assets, and goodwill impairment charges, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations and/or the price of our Common Stock.

The Market for Our Common Stock is Volatile, Which May Affect Our Ability to Raise Capital or Make Acquisitions

The market price for our Common Stock is volatile and has fluctuated significantly over the past years. The trading price of our Common Stock could continue to be highly volatile and fluctuate widely in response to factors, including but not limited to the following:

 

   

general market, semiconductor, or semiconductor equipment industry conditions;

 

   

global economic fluctuations;

 

   

variations in our quarterly operating results;

 

   

variations in our revenues, earnings or other business and financial metrics from those experienced by other companies in our industry or forecasts by securities analysts;

 

   

announcements of restructurings, technological innovations, reductions in force, departure of key employees, consolidations of operations, or introduction of new products;

 

   

government regulations;

 

   

developments in, or claims relating to, patent or other proprietary rights;

 

   

success or failure of our new and existing products;

 

   

liquidity of Lam Research;

 

   

disruptions with key customers or suppliers; or

 

   

political, economic, or environmental events occurring globally or in any of our key sales regions.

In addition, the stock market experiences significant price and volume fluctuations. Historically, we have witnessed significant volatility in the price of our Common Stock due in part to the actual or anticipated movement in interest rates and the price of and markets for semiconductors. These broad market and industry factors have and may again adversely affect the price of our Common Stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. In the past, following volatile periods in the price of stock, many companies became the object of securities class action litigation. If we are sued in a securities class action, we could incur substantial costs, and it could divert management’s attention and resources and have an unfavorable impact on the price for our Common Stock.

 

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We Rely Upon Certain Critical Information Systems for the Operation of Our Business

We maintain and rely upon certain critical information systems for the effective operation of our business. These information systems include telecommunications, the internet, our corporate intranet, various computer hardware and software applications, network communications, and e-mail. These information systems may be owned by us or by our outsource providers or even third parties such as vendors and contractors and may be maintained by us or by such providers and third parties. These information systems are subject to attacks, failures, and access denials from a number of potential sources including viruses, destructive or inadequate code, power failures, and physical damage to computers, hard drives, communication lines, and networking equipment. To the extent that these information systems are under our control, we have implemented security procedures, such as virus protection software and emergency recovery processes, to address the outlined risks. However, security procedures for information systems cannot be guaranteed to be failsafe and our inability to use or access these information systems at critical points in time could unfavorably impact the timely and efficient operation of our business.

Intellectual Property and Other Claims Against Us Can be Costly and Could Result in the Loss of Significant Rights Which are Necessary to Our Continued Business and Profitability

Third parties may assert infringement, unfair competition or other claims against us. From time to time, other parties send us notices alleging that our products infringe their patent or other intellectual property rights. In addition, our Bylaws and indemnity obligations provide that we will indemnify officers and directors against losses that they may incur in legal proceedings resulting from their service to Lam Research. In such cases, it is our policy either to defend the claims or to negotiate licenses or other settlements on commercially reasonable terms. However, we may be unable in the future to negotiate necessary licenses or reach agreement on other settlements on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, and any litigation resulting from these claims by other parties may materially adversely affect our business and financial results. Moreover, although we seek to obtain insurance to protect us from claims and cover losses to our property, there is no guarantee that such insurance will fully indemnify us for any losses that we may incur.

We May Fail to Protect Our Proprietary Technology Rights, Which Could Affect Our Business

Our success depends in part on our proprietary technology. While we attempt to protect our proprietary technology through patents, copyrights and trade secret protection, we believe that our success also depends on increasing our technological expertise, continuing our development of new systems, increasing market penetration and growth of our installed base, and providing comprehensive support and service to our customers. However, we may be unable to protect our technology in all instances, or our competitors may develop similar or more competitive technology independently. We currently hold a number of United States and foreign patents and pending patent applications. However, other parties may challenge or attempt to invalidate or circumvent any patents the United States or foreign governments issue to us or these governments may fail to issue patents for pending applications. In addition, the rights granted or anticipated under any of these patents or pending patent applications may be narrower than we expect or, in fact, provide no competitive advantages.

We are Subject to the Internal Control Evaluation and Attestation Requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are required to include in our annual report our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and our audited financial statements as of the end of each fiscal year. Furthermore, our independent registered public accounting firm (the “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm”) is required to report on whether it believes we maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of the end of each fiscal year. We have successfully completed our assessment and obtained our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s attestation as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 29, 2008. In future years, if we fail to timely complete this assessment, or if our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm cannot timely attest to our assessment, we could be subject to regulatory sanctions and a loss of public confidence in our internal control. In addition, any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to timely meet our regulatory reporting obligations.

Our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Must Confirm Its Independence in Order for Us to Meet Our Regulatory Reporting Obligations on a Timely Basis

Our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm communicates with us at least annually regarding any relationships between the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Lam Research that, in the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s professional judgment, might have a bearing on the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s independence with respect to us. If, for whatever reason, our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm finds that it cannot confirm that it is independent of Lam Research based on existing securities laws and registered public accounting firm independence standards, we could experience delays or other failures to meet our regulatory reporting obligations.

 

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The Results of Our Independent Committee Review of Our Historical Stock Option Practices and Resulting Restatements May Continue to Have Adverse Effects on Our Financial Results

The review by a special committee of our Board of Directors consisting of two independent Board members (the “Independent Committee”) of our historical stock option practices and the resulting restatement of our historical financial statements have required us to expend significant management time and incur significant accounting, legal, and other expenses during fiscal year 2008. The resulting restatements have had a material adverse effect on our results of operations. We have restated our historical results of operations to record additional non-cash, stock-based compensation expense of $95.2 million in the aggregate for the periods from fiscal 1997 to fiscal 2006 (excluding the impact of related payroll and income taxes). We amortized less than $0.1 million of compensation expense under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R (“SFAS No. 123R”) in periods subsequent to fiscal year 2006 to properly account for previously issued stock options with deemed incorrect measurement dates. Furthermore, to address potential adverse tax consequences certain of our employees have incurred or may incur as a result of the issuance and/or exercise of misdated stock options, we have taken and will continue to take remedial actions to make such employees including our Chief Executive Officer and other affected executive officers, whole for any or all such additional tax liabilities which were approximately $53 million as of March 29, 2009. Such actions have caused and in the future may cause us to incur additional cash or noncash compensation expense. See the “Explanatory Note” immediately preceding Part I, Item 1 and Note 3, “Restatements of Consolidated Financial Statements,” to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of our Annual Report on Form 10-K as of and for the year ended June 24, 2007 (“2007 Form 10-K”) for further discussion.

We May Be Subject to the Risks of Lawsuits in Connection With Our Historical Stock Option Practices, the Resulting Restatements, and the Remedial Measures We Have Taken

We, and our current and former directors and officers, may become the subject of shareholder derivative and/or class action lawsuits and other legal proceedings relating to our historical stock option practices and resulting restatements in the future. We may also be subject to other kinds of lawsuits. Should any of these events occur, they could require us to expend significant management time and incur significant accounting, legal and other expenses. This could divert attention and resources from the operation of our business and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the ultimate outcome of these potential actions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and the trading price for our securities. Litigation may be time-consuming, expensive and disruptive to normal business operations, and the outcome of litigation is difficult to predict. The defense of these potential lawsuits could result in significant expenditures.

Subject to certain limitations, we are obliged to indemnify our current and former directors, officers and employees in connection with any government inquiry or litigation related to our historical stock option practices that may arise. We currently hold insurance policies for the benefit of our directors and officers, although there can be no assurance that the insurance would cover all of the expenses that would be associated with any proceedings.

 

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ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(c) On September 8, 2008, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized the repurchase of up to $250 million of Company common stock from the public market or in private purchases. While the repurchase program does not have a defined termination date, it may be suspended or discontinued at any time, and will be funded using the Company’s available cash. The Company suspended repurchases under the Board authorized program prior to the end of the December 2008 quarter. Share repurchases under the authorizations were as follows:

 

Period

   Total
Number of
Shares
Repurchased
(1)
   Average
Price Paid
Per Share
   Total Number
of Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs
   Amount
Available
Under
Repurchase
Program
     (in thousands, except per share data)

June 30 - July 27, 2008

   —      $ —      —      $ —  

July 28 - August 24, 2008

   —      $ —      —      $ —  

Authorization of up to $250 million - September 2008

            $ 250,000

August 25 - September 28, 2008

   84    $ 30.00    1    $ 249,985

September 29, 2008 - October 19, 2008

   575    $ 23.44    571    $ 236,618

October 20, 2008 - November 23, 2008

   489    $ 20.02    482    $ 226,942

November 24, 2008 - December 28, 2008

   64    $ 19.15    —      $ 226,942

December 29, 2008 - January 18, 2009

   4    $ 21.80      

January 19, 2009 - February 15, 2009

   9    $ 20.59      

February 16, 2009 - March 29, 2009

   16    $ 19.74      
                       

Total

   1,241    $ 22.24    1,054    $ 226,942
                       

 

(1) In addition to shares repurchased under Board authorized repurchase programs and included in this column are 188,113 shares which the Company withheld through net share settlements during the nine months ended March 29, 2009 upon the vesting of restricted stock unit awards under the Company’s equity compensation plans to cover tax withholding obligations.

 

ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

 

ITEM 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

None

 

ITEM 5. Other Information

None

 

ITEM 6. Exhibits

(a) Exhibits

 

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LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 8, 2009

 

LAM RESEARCH CORPORATION

(Registrant)

/s/ Ernest E. Maddock
Ernest E. Maddock
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
Number

  

Description

31.1    Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification (Principal Executive Officer)
31.2    Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification (Principal Financial Officer)
32.1    Section 1350 Certification (Principal Executive Officer)
32.2    Section 1350 Certification (Principal Financial Officer)

 

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