Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

(Mark one)

x QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2009

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission file number 001-32393

 

 

Environmental Power Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   75-3117389

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(IRS Employer

Identification No.)

120 White Plains Road, 6th Floor, Tarrytown NY 10591

(address of principal executive offices) (zip code)

(914) 631-1435

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes    ¨    No    ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer   ¨    Accelerated filer   x
Non-accelerated filer   ¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   x

Number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at June 30, 2009: 15,608,468 shares

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

 

 

 


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

   3

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

  

Item 1. Financial Statements

  

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2009 (unaudited) and December 31, 2008

   4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended June  30, 2009 and June 30, 2008

   5

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and June30, 2008

   6

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity (unaudited) for Six Months Ended June 30, 2009

   7

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

   8

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   17

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

   24

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

   25

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

  

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

   25

Item 1A. Risk Factors

   25

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

   34

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

   34

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

   34

Item 5. Other Information

   34

Item 6. Exhibits

   35

SIGNATURES

   36

 

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Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, referred to as the PSLRA, provides a “safe harbor” for forward-looking statements. Certain statements contained or incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report, such as statements concerning planned manure-to-energy systems, our sales pipeline, our backlog, our projected sales and financial performance, statements containing the words “may,” “assumes,” “forecasts,” “positions,” “predicts,” “strategy,” “will,” “expects,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “budgets,” “potential,” “continue,” “target” and variations thereof, and other statements contained in this Quarterly Report regarding matters that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements as such term is defined in the PSLRA. Because such statements involve risks and uncertainties, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include, but are not limited to:

 

   

uncertainties involving early-stage companies, including our need for additional financing to continue as a going concern,

 

   

uncertainties regarding the ability to obtain additional financing, and the timing, amount and terms of such financing,

 

   

the lack of binding commitments and the need to negotiate and execute definitive agreements for the construction and financing of facilities,

 

   

the lack of binding commitments for the purchase of gas produced by certain facilities,

 

   

the lack of binding commitments for, and other uncertainties with respect to, supplies of substrate,

 

   

uncertainties regarding the costs associated with substrate and other project inputs,

 

   

risks and uncertainties relating to the development of markets for carbon sequestration credits and other marketable renewable attributes, and the level of revenues we may achieve from such sources,

 

   

uncertainties regarding the amount and rate of growth in operating expenses,

 

   

unpredictable developments, including plant outages and repair requirements as well as risks related to weather and the unpredictability of extreme weather events,

 

   

risks related to performance on the part of suppliers of components, goods and services to our facilities,

 

   

financing and cash flow requirements and uncertainties,

 

   

inexperience with the design, construction, startup and operation of multi-digester facilities,

 

   

difficulties involved in developing and executing a business plan,

 

   

technological uncertainties, including those relating to competing products and technologies,

 

   

unpredictable developments, including plant outages and repair requirements,

 

   

price volatility, particularly in competition with other renewable energy sources as well as with respect to the price of natural gas,

 

   

the difficulty of estimating construction, development, repair, maintenance and operating costs and timeframes,

 

   

the uncertainties involved in estimating insurance and warranty recoveries, if any,

 

   

the inability to predict the course or outcome of any negotiations with parties involved with our projects,

 

   

uncertainties relating to general economic and industry conditions,

 

   

uncertainties relating to government and regulatory policies, the legal environment, intellectual property issues and the competitive environment in which Environmental Power Corporation and its subsidiaries operate,

and other factors, including those described in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q under the heading “Risk Factors,” as well as factors set forth in other filings we make with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date that they are made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

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Item 1. Financial Statements

ENVIRONMENTAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008

 

     June 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 

ASSETS

    

Current Assets

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 1,754,420      $ 3,157,938   

Restricted cash

     98,845,781        104,577,246   

Receivables

     493,765        373,039   

Other current assets

     142,564        60,210   
                

Total Current Assets

     101,236,530        108,168,433   
                

Restricted cash, non current

     503,571        553,014   

Property, plant, and equipment, net

     25,659,474        23,932,073   

Construction in progress

     27,105,919        20,101,314   

Licensed technology rights, net

     2,236,546        2,329,296   

Notes receivable, net

     1,566,498        1,608,500   

Deferred financing costs, net

     5,682,808        5,122,995   

Other assets

     384,141        197,569   
                

TOTAL ASSETS

   $ 164,375,487      $ 162,013,194   
                

LIABILITIES, PREFERRED STOCK AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

    

Current Liabilities

    

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   $ 4,471,718      $ 4,322,896   

Current portion of long-term debt

     62,425,000        —     
                

Total Current Liabilities

     66,896,718        4,322,896   
                

Other Liabilities

     361,565        340,706   

Long term debt

     75,034,269        129,475,023   
                

Total Liabilities

     142,292,552        134,138,625   

Minority Interests

     100        100   

Preferred Stock (1)

     10,156,021        10,156,021   

Shareholders’ Equity

    

Preferred stock (2)

     100        100   
                

Common stock (3)

     157,030        157,030   

Additional paid-in capital

     86,335,519        89,986,923   

Accumulated deficit

     (73,539,208     (71,401,984

Treasury stock (4)

     (388,408     (385,402

Notes receivable from current directors and former officer and director

     (638,219     (638,219
                

Total Common Shareholders’ Equity

     11,926,714        17,718,348   
                

TOTAL LIABILITIES, PREFERRED STOCK AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

   $ 164,375,487      $ 162,013,194   
                

 

(1) Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized; 281,241 shares issued as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008. Stated value at June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 of $52.71 per share or $14,824,213.
(2) Preferred stock of subsidiary, no par value, 10 shares authorized; 10 shares issued as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.
(3) $.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 15,703,034 issued and 15,608,468 outstanding as of June 30, 2009 and 15,703,034 issued and 15,614,604 outstanding as of December 31, 2008.
(4) 94,444 shares at cost as of June 30, 2009 and 88,430 shares at cost as of December 31, 2008.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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ENVIRONMENTAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and June 30, 2008

 

     Three Months Ended     Six Months Ended  
     June 30, 2009     June 30, 2008     June 30, 2009     June 30, 2008  

REVENUES

   $ 1,171,164      $ 1,112,149      $ 1,913,642      $ 2,082,691   

COSTS AND EXPENSES:

        

Operations and maintenance

     858,697        1,936,557        1,872,207        3,253,200   

General and administrative

     1,459,873        3,611,393        3,577,785        6,872, 539   

Depreciation and amortization

     436,315        353,579        832,533        614,353   
                                

TOTAL COSTS AND EXPENSES

     2,754,885        5,901,529        6,282,525        10,740,092   
                                

OPERATING LOSS

     (1,583,721     (4,789,380     (4,368,883     (8,657,401

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):

        

Interest income

     11,546        99,847        28,589        346,754   

Interest expense

     (609,866     (265,271     (906,516     (442,026

Other income (expense)

     (57,172     (8,765     73,083        (22,242
                                

TOTAL OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)

     (655,492     (174,189     (804,844     (117,514

LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAXES

     (2,239,213     (4,963,569     (5,173,727     (8,774,915

INCOME TAX EXPENSE

     23,000        —          23,000        —     
                                

NET LOSS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS

     (2,262,213     (4,963,569     (5,196,727     (8,774,915

LOSS FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS, NET OF TAXES OF $0

     —          —          —          (1,010,534

GAIN ON DISPOSAL OF DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS, NET OF TAXES OF $0

     —          —          —          7,999,858   
                                

NET LOSS

     (2,262,213     (4,963,569     (5,196,727     (1,785,591

Preferred Securities Dividend Requirements

     (333,544     (329,592     (667,088     (667,092
                                

LOSS APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS

   $ (2,595,757   $ (5,293,161   $ (5,863,815   $ (2,452,683
                                

BASIC INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE

        

CONTINUING OPERATIONS

   $ (0.17   $ (0.34   $ (0.38   $ (0.61

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

     —          —          —          0.45   
                                

NET LOSS PER SHARE

   $ (0.17   $ (0.34   $ (0.38   $ (0.16

DILUTED INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE

        

CONTINUING OPERATIONS

   $ (0.17   $ (0.34   $ (0.38   $ (0.61

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

     —          —          —          0.45   
                                

NET LOSS PER SHARE

   $ (0.17   $ (0.34   $ (0.38   $ (0.16

BASIC

     15,587,010        15,579,354        15,583,203        15,579,354   

DILUTED

     15,587,010        15,579,354        15,583,203        15,579,354   

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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ENVIRONMENTAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and June 30, 2008

 

     Six Months Ended  
     June 30, 2009     June 30, 2008  

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

    

Net loss

   $ (5,196,727   $ (1,785,591

Non-cash adjustments

    

Results of discontinued operations

     —          (6,989,324

Depreciation and amortization

     832,533        614,353   

Stock based compensation expense

     242,564        1,405,113   

Non-cash income from adjustment to fair value of warrants

     (100,380     —     

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

    

(Increase) decrease in receivables

     (120,726     98,628   

(Increase) decrease in other current assets

     (82,354     48,464   

Decrease in notes receivable

     42,002        197,613   

Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses

     148,822        1,136,731   
                

Net cash used in operating activities

     (4,234,266     (5,274,013

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

    

Disposal of discontinued operations

     —          375,000   

Decrease (increase) in restricted cash

     5,780,908        (762,295

Construction of projects

     (6,208,729     (5,694,744

Purchase of property, plant and equipment

     (121,833     (322,147

Purchase of treasury stock

     (3,006     —     

(Increase) in other assets

     (186,572     —     
                

Net cash used for investing activities

     (739,232     (6,404,186

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

    

Increase in deferred financing costs

     (701,040     (368,586

Payment of preferred dividends

     (667,088     (667,092

Increase (decrease) in other liabilities

     (46,138     87,614   

Payments on long-term debt

     (15,754     (32,487

Proceeds from issuance of long term debt

     5,000,000        —     

Payments of dividend on behalf of subsidiary

     —          (15,000
                

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     3,569,980        (995,551

DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

     (1,403,518     (12,673,750

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD

     3,157,938        26,069,198   
                

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD

   $ 1,754,420      $ 13,395,448   
                

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

    

Cash paid for interest (net of amount capitalized)

   $ 649,328      $ 442,026  

Income Taxes

     23,000        —     

Non-cash investing and financing activity

    

Payment of license fees with issuance of 14% convertible note

     3,000,000        —     

Accrued dividend requirement of series A preferred stock

     667,088        667,092   

Capitalized amortization of deferred financing costs

     78,491        33,358   

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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ENVIRONMENTAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity (unaudited) for Six Months Ended June 30, 2009

 

     Common
Stock -
Shares
   Common
Stock -
Amount
   Additional Paid-in
Capital
    Accum. Deficit     Treasury
Stock -
Shares
   Treasury
Stock -
Amount
    Receivable -
Officers &
Directors
    Total  

Balance at December 31, 2008

   15,703,034    $ 157,030    $ 89,986,923      $ (71,401,984   88,430    $ (385,402   $ (638,219   $ 17,718,348   

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle - January 1, 2009 reclassification of equity-linked financial instruments to derivative liabilities

   —        —        (3,893,968     3,726,591      —        —          —          (167,377

Dividends on preferred stock

   —        —        —          (667,088   —        —          —          (667,088

Stock based compensation expense

   —        —        242,564        —        —        —          —          242,564   

Treasury Stock

             6,014      (3,006       (3,006

Net loss

   —        —        —          (5,196,727   —        —          —          (5,196,727

Balance at June 30, 2009

   15,703,034    $ 157,030    $ 86,335,519      $ (73,539,208   94,444    $ (388,408   $ (638,219   $ 11,926,714   

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE ABASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Environmental Power Corporation (“we”, “us”, “EPC”, or the “Company”) and our subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and with Article 10 of Regulation S-X and include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2009. The information in this quarterly report should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 (“Annual Report”).

The Annual Report includes important information necessary or useful to understanding the Company’s business and financial statement presentation. In particular, the Company’s significant accounting policies and procedures are presented as Note C – Significant Accounting Policies to the consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report.

NOTE B—GOING CONCERN

The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates continuity of operations, realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. As a predominately development oriented company, we have experienced substantial losses since the year ended December 31, 2002. For the six months ended June 30, 2009, we incurred a net loss applicable to common shareholders of $5,864,000 and used cash from operating activities of $4,234,000. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we incurred a net loss applicable to common shareholders of $17,333,000 and used cash of $13,100,000 in operating activities. We anticipate incurring losses at least through 2010 as we continue the construction of our portfolio of announced projects. As of June 30, 2009, we had an accumulated deficit of $73,539,000 and our unrestricted cash and cash equivalents amounted to $1,754,000. Currently, our facility at Huckabay Ridge, Texas, which is operating reliably, is anticipated to generate cash flow over the balance of the year. However, the cash we project to be generated from Huckabay Ridge, by itself, will be insufficient to meet our short-term and long-term corporate and project-related capital requirements.

In the past, we have been able to obtain outside financing to fund our losses and meet our capital requirements with the anticipation that once our portfolio of projects are complete and operational, they would contribute to future liquidity needs. While we have implemented steps to reduce our general and administrative expenses, we will need to raise substantial funds during the third quarter of 2009 in order to fund ongoing general and administrative expenses as well as interest and dividend requirements. In addition as described more fully in Note H to the financial statements under the heading “Status of California Bond” the holders of the California bonds could require purchase or redemption by written notice to us on or before September 15, 2009. We are currently actively seeking additional sources of capital to meet our financing needs. To that end, on March 13, 2009 we closed on a sale of $5.0 million original principal amount of our 14% convertible notes due January 1, 2014 for net proceeds of approximately $4.5 million, and, on May 22, 2009, we issued an additional $3.0 million principal amount of such notes to Xergi in payment of project licensing fees. In addition we are actively pursuing a closing on the sale of additional notes in August or September 2009, though we cannot assure you whether or when such closing will occur, or, if it does occur, how much we will succeed in raising. We continue to work with our financial advisors to identify and explore various opportunities to raise the capital we require. The level of funds we are able to raise, if any, will determine the level of development and construction activity that we can pursue and whether we will be able to continue as a going concern.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern. The uncertainties described in the preceding paragraph raise substantial doubt at June 30, 2009 about our ability to continue as a going concern without additional financing. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of the carrying amount of recorded assets or to the amount and classification of liabilities that might result should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

NOTE CTHE COMPANY

We are a developer, owner, and operator of renewable energy production facilities. Our goal is to produce Energy that is Beyond Renewable®, which we define as energy that not only uses waste materials instead of limited resources, but that also is clean, reliable, and cost-effective. We own and operate the Huckabay Ridge facility in Stephenville, Texas, a large-scale, multi-digester facility for the production of pipeline-grade natural gas which began commercial operation in the first quarter of 2008, and have several similar facilities in varying stages of development. We also operate three digester facilities in Wisconsin utilizing the same technology that is employed at Huckabay Ridge.

 

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In the past, we have operated in two major segments through Microgy, Inc., as a developer of renewable energy facilities for the production and commercial application of methane-rich biogas from agricultural and food industry wastes, and through EPC Corporation and its subsidiary Buzzard Power Corporation, as holder of a leasehold interest in a waste-coal fired generating facility in Pennsylvania known as the Scrubgrass facility. On May 31, 2007, our board of directors authorized management to enter into negotiations regarding the disposition of the leasehold interest in the Scrubgrass facility. On February 29, 2008, we completed the disposition of the leasehold interest. As a result, for financial reporting purposes, we report the results of Buzzard as “discontinued operations”. We thus now operate only in Microgy’s segment.

Microgy Holdings, LLC was formed in 2006 as a subsidiary of Environmental Power Corporation in connection with the $60 million tax-exempt debt financing we completed in November 2006 relating to the construction and operation of four RNG® facilities in Texas. The assets financed by the debt financing are pledged as collateral to the Gulf Coast Industrial Development Authority of Texas, the lender. The obligations of Microgy Holdings, LLC related to this financing are non recourse to Environmental Power, although Environmental Power is required to provide at least 20% of the construction costs of these facilities, as well as to cover any cost overruns in construction and start up and commissioning expenses prior to commercial operation. Microgy Holdings, LLC is also the obligor on $62.425 million in tax-exempt debt financing from the California Statewide Communities Development Authority we completed in September 2008 on terms similar to those of the Texas financing. The current status of the California bonds is discussed in Note H to the consolidated financial statements. Another subsidiary of the Company Microgy Grand Island, LLC is the obligor on $7.0 million in tax-exempt debt financing from the City of Grand Island, Nebraska, relating to the construction of our facility at the flagship beef processing plant of JBS Swift & Company, located in Grand Island, Nebraska. The obligations of Microgy Grand Island, LLC related to this financing are non-recourse to Environmental Power, although Environmental Power is required to provide at least 20% of the construction costs of these facilities, as well as to cover any cost overruns in construction and start up and commissioning expenses prior to commercial operation.

Discontinued Operations

In May 2007, our board of directors authorized management to pursue negotiations for the disposition of Buzzard Power Corporation’s leasehold interest in the Scrubgrass facility, referred to as Scrubgrass. Buzzard is a subsidiary of our wholly owned subsidiary, EPC Corporation. Scrubgrass located on a 600-acre site in Venango County, Pennsylvania, is an approximate 83 megawatt waste coal-fired electric generating station. We decided to seek the disposition of Buzzard’s leasehold interest in the Scrubgrass facility to allow management to focus its attention and resources on the development and growth of Microgy. On February 29, 2008 we completed all transactions necessary to terminate the leasehold interest held by Buzzard in the Scrubgrass generating facility and the related financial obligations of Buzzard’s immediate parent company, EPC Corporation. We recorded net income from discontinued operations in 2008 of $6,989,000 reflecting a loss from operations for the months of January and February 2008 of $1,011,000 and a one-time gain from disposal of $8,000,000. The gain of approximately $8,000,000, with the exception of a cash payment of $375,000, was non-cash in nature. The components of the gain included $3,456,000 in forgiveness of indebtedness, $2,570,000 for the recognition of a previously deferred gain and $1,630,000 for the relief of net obligations of Buzzard. The disposition was recorded net of a tax obligation of $0 because it is anticipated that existing net operating loss carryforwards will offset any federal or state tax liabilities.

The assets and liabilities of Buzzard have been accounted for as discontinued operations for sale for all periods presented in accordance with the criterion established in Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 144 “ Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets .” We do not have a continuing involvement with the Buzzard business since the closing of the disposition of the leasehold interest in the Scrubgrass facility and do not continue any revenue or cost-generating activities related to Buzzard. In accordance with SFAS No. 144, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets report the assets and liabilities of Buzzard as discontinued and the consolidated statements of operations report the operations of Buzzard as discontinued operations.

NOTE D—PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost of maintenance, repairs and minor renewals that do not materially prolong the useful life of the asset are expensed. Major maintenance projects, repairs, improvements, renewals or betterments that extend the useful life of the asset, increase the usefulness or output of the asset, lower the operating costs of the asset, increase the value of the asset or fulfill a new or upgraded regulatory requirement are capitalized. The cost and accumulated depreciation for property, plant and equipment disposals are removed from the balance sheet and any resulting gains or losses are reported in the statement of operations at the time of the asset disposition. We depreciate property plant and equipment using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Operating commercial facilities are depreciated based on the useful lives of their component parts which vary in length from 15 to 30 years. We record depreciation for office equipment and furniture using the straight-line method over periods from three to five years and we depreciate leasehold improvements over the lesser of the useful life of the asset or the length of the lease. We evaluate the impairment of property, plant and equipment based on the projection of undiscounted cash flows whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of such assets may not be recoverable. If such cash flows are not expected to be sufficient to recover the recorded value of the assets, the assets are written down to their estimated fair values.

 

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NOTE E—NET INCOME OR LOSS PER COMMON SHARE

We follow SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per Share,” for computing and presenting net income or loss per share information. Basic income or loss per common share for continuing and discontinued operations is computed by dividing net income or loss applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted income or loss per common share excludes common stock equivalent shares and unexercised stock options if their effect would be antidilutive.

NOTE F—STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

We maintain equity incentive compensation plans under which restricted stock awards, stock options, stock appreciation rights and other stock-based awards may be granted to employees, directors, consultants and advisors. To date, we have granted stock options, stock appreciation rights, and restricted stock awards. Stock options under the plans may be either nonqualified stock options or incentive stock options. Stock options are granted with an exercise price at least equal to the market price on the date of grant and generally vest at a rate of 25%-33% per year. The stock options generally expire 10 years from the date of grant. We generally issue new, previously unissued shares of common stock upon exercise of stock options, though we may issue treasury shares.

Total stock–based compensation for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 of $99,000 and $243,000, respectively was recorded in accordance with SFAS 123R. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, we recognized $1,115,000 and $1,405,000, respectively. The total future compensation cost related to unvested stock-based awards not yet recognized is $288,000 at June 30, 2009. This amount will be charged against income as the awards vest over the next two years.

Valuation Assumptions: We did not grant any stock options or stock appreciation rights for the six months ended June 30, 2009. Therefore the table below only presents information for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008. The fair value of stock options and stock appreciation rights granted during the three months ended June 30, 2008 was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:

 

     Three and six
Months Ended
June 30, 2008
 

Fair Market Value Per Share

   $ 3.20   

Assumptions

  

Risk-free rate of return

     3.27

Volatility

     69.73

Expected annual dividend yield

     0.00

Option Life (years)

     5.00   

The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods corresponding with the expected life of the option. The expected volatility is based on our historical stock price. The dividend yield assumption is based on our history and expectation of future dividend payouts. The expected life of employee stock options represents the weighted-average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding.

NOTE G—GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intangible assets are recorded at cost and consist of licensed technology rights. Licensed technology rights are being amortized using the straight-line method over a useful life of 20 years.

Accumulated amortization of licensed technology rights was $1,473,454 as of June 30, 2009 and $1,380,704 as of December 31, 2008. Amortization expense for licensed technology rights was $92,750 for the six months ended June 30, 2009 and June 30 2008. The future estimated amortization expense for licensed technology rights is as follows:

Estimated Amortization Expense for Licensed Technology Rights

 

Remaining 2009    2010    2011    2012    2013    Thereafter    Total
$ 92,750    185,500    185,500    185,500    185,500    1,401,796    $ 2,236,546

In 2008, we determined that our goodwill resulting from the acquisition of Microgy was impaired and the entire balance of $4,913,000 was written off in the fourth quarter of 2008. This impairment was a non-cash, non-recurring charge. We annually perform tests to determine the appropriate value of goodwill. The results of these tests in 2008 resulted in our determination that the entire balance of $4,913,000 was impaired, due primarily to the stock price of our common stock relative to its book value, projections of future cash flow and other factors. Previously, the market price of our common stock and consequently our market capitalization were relatively high compared to the book value of our common stock. However in 2008 our market value was substantially below our book value due principally to the current market price of our common stock. As a result accounting standards require us to determine

 

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whether there is enough market value after covering other net assets on a book basis to cover any of the goodwill. We determined that market value was insufficient to cover goodwill and determined that the write-off was required. This calculation is not a reflection of the economics of the projects we are undertaking, which we continue to stand behind, but is simply the application of accounting requirements associated with goodwill.

NOTE H—LONG-TERM OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

Issuance of Long-Term Debt

On March 13, 2009, we closed on the sale of $5,000,000 original principal amount of our 14% convertible notes due January 1, 2014, referred to as the notes, for net proceeds of approximately $4,464,000. The notes are unsecured obligations of Environmental Power Corporation and pay interest semi-annually on January 1 and July 1, with principal due at maturity. The notes are convertible into shares of our common stock of the Company beginning at an initial conversion price of $5.40 a share through December 31, 2009, then increasing to $6.33 per share from January 1, 2010 through December 31, 2010, $7.65 per share from January 1, 2011 through December 31, 2011, $9.75 per share from January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and $11.00 per share from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013.

On May 22, 2009 we issued an additional $3,000,000 of these notes as payment for licensing fees related to certain of our projects under a Cooperation Agreement entered into in April 2009 with the licensor of Microgy’s technology as described in more detail below.

The terms of the notes are governed by an Indenture, dated as of March 1, 2009, as supplemented by a First Supplemental Trust Indenture, dated as of March 1, 2009, as amended and supplemented to date, between us and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, collectively referred to as the indenture. The indenture contains covenants which include restrictions and limitations on our ability and that of our subsidiaries to incur indebtedness and issue certain types of capital stock and engage in certain transactions. In certain instances described in the indenture, the holders of the notes can require us to repurchase or redeem the notes, and we can require holders of the notes to convert into common stock or redeem their notes. The proceeds of these notes can only be used for the costs and expenses associated with the construction and operation of our projects, as described in more detail in the indenture. The First Supplemental Indenture provides for the issuance of notes in an aggregate original principal amount of up to $53,000,000.

Contractual Obligations

The following table shows our known future contractual obligations as of June 30, 2009 of the types specified in Item 303(a) (5) of Regulation S-K. The table includes both the principal and interest payments on the tax-exempt bonds and convertible notes over the projected minimum life of the related debt.

 

Commitments

   2009    2010    2011    2012    2013    Thereafter    Total

Operating Leases(1)

   $ 168,336    $ 336,672    $ 298,500    $ 111,078      —        —      $ 914,586

Microgy Commitments(2)

     3,000,000      —        —        —        —        —        3,000,000

14% convertible notes(3)

     255,500      1,120,000      1,120,000      1,120,000      1,120,000    $ 8,000,000      12,735,500

Tax-Exempt Bonds(4)

     66,642,750      4,690,000      5,040,000      5,985,500      5,988,100      126,784,800      215,131,150

Security Deposit(5)

     62,500      100,000      100,000      100,000      100,000      —        462,500

Vehicle Loans (6)

     15,574      19,814      —        —        —        —        35,388

TOTAL

   $ 70,144,660    $ 6,266,486    $ 6,558,500    $ 7,316,578    $ 7,208,100    $ 134,784,800    $ 232,279,124

 

(1) We are obligated under various non-cancelable operating leases for office space. These obligations have not been reduced by estimated total proceeds from the sublease of our Golden Colorado facility of $187,500. Rent expense for these operating leases was $371,637, $424,765, and $286,501 in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, our rent expense for operating leases was $72,000 and $157,000, respectively.
(2) These commitments relate to various purchase agreements, and include amounts expected to be claimed by SouthTex Treaters for gas treatment and conditioning equipment, in connection with our Microgy facilities.
(3) The entire balance of the 14% convertible notes is due January 1, 2014.
(4) In 2007, Microgy Holdings began scheduled interest payments on the tax-exempt bonds. In 2008 Microgy Grand Island began scheduled interest payments on the tax-exempt bonds. Mandatory redemption of principal amounts begins in 2011 for the Nebraska tax-exempt bonds and 2012 for the Texas tax-exempt bonds. The California bond holders have the option to require payment of the entire outstanding principal amount of $62,425,000 and accrued interest of the California bonds on or before September 30, 2009.
(5) In December 2008, Microgy signed a contract with a customer that required security deposits to protect against failure to deliver product in certain instances.

 

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(6) We are obligated under various loans for automobiles.

The following table describes our long-term debt obligations as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

 

Secured Promissory Notes Payable and Other Obligations

   June 30, 2009    December 31, 2008

Automobile loans & capital leases

   $ 34,269    $ 50,023

14% convertible notes

     8,000,000      —  

California loan related to tax-exempt bonds

     —        62,425,000

Nebraska loan related to tax-exempt bonds

     7,000,000      7,000,000

Texas loan related to tax-exempt bonds

     60,000,000      60,000,000
             

TOTAL

   $ 75,034,269    $ 129,475,023

Cooperation Agreement

On April 23, 2009, The Company and Microgy entered into a Cooperation Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Danish Biogas Technology, A.S. (“DBT”) and its parent, Xergi, A.S. (“Xergi”). The Agreement is intended to replace and terminate the Technology Licensing Agreement dated May 12, 2000 between Microgy and DBT, as amended by Addendum of April 14, 2003 and Addendum No. 2 of March 7, 2005, between DBT and Microgy (collectively, the “Prior Agreements”). The Agreement, while maintaining many of the original business concepts contained in the Prior Agreements, restructures the Prior Agreements to reflect the Company’s shift to a build, own and operate business model from the original digester equipment sales model and better defines the respective roles of the parties to enable them more efficiently to interface going forward. The termination of the Prior Agreements will not impair any prior grants of rights by DBT to Microgy or its affiliates, or any collateral assignments of such rights, or any prior payments to DBT or Xergi under the Prior Agreements.

The Agreement addresses anaerobic-digester plants incorporating above-ground digesters with mixers (the “DBT Technology”). Pursuant to the Agreement, DBT grants to Microgy an irrevocable and perpetual right and license to utilize the DBT Technology in the design, construction, and/or operation by the Company, Microgy and their affiliates of anaerobic-digesters and related systems. This grant is exclusive as to North America for the Term (as defined in the Agreement) and is non-exclusive as to North America thereafter, excludes Europe during the Term but is non-exclusive as to Europe thereafter. As in the Prior Agreements, the grant is non-exclusive as to the rest of the world, leaving each party free to pursue projects outside of North America and Europe. The Agreement further provides that commencing as of the Effective Date (defined below), Microgy may utilize digester technologies other than the DBT Technology throughout the world.

The Agreement became effective on May 22, 2009 when DBT received an up-front payment of certain license fees for certain Microgy projects of Microgy’s choosing, which were paid for by the Company’s issuance of its 14% Convertible Notes due January 1, 2014 (the “Notes”) in the original principal amount of $3,000,000 (the “Consideration”).

For additional details regarding this transaction, please refer to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 23, 2009 filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission the “SEC”) on April 28, 2009 (SEC File No. 001-32393).

Status of California Bond Repayment

As previously announced, in connection with its financing of $62.425 million in tax-exempt bonds (the “Bonds”) in California completed in September 2008, Microgy Holdings and Environmental Power entered into a Demand Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 3, 2008, with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee (the “Trustee”) and the Bondholders named therein (the “Demand Purchase Agreement”). Pursuant to the Demand Purchase Agreement, if certain conditions set forth in the Loan Agreement, dated as of August 1, 2008 (the “Loan Agreement”) with the California Statewide Community Development Authority (the “Funding Conditions”) were not met by June 30, 2009, the holders of a majority of the Bonds would have the right, exercisable by written notice to Microgy Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”) on or before July 31, 2009, to require Holdings to purchase the Bonds at par plus accrued interest on or before August 31, 2009. If Holdings does not purchase the Bonds, Holdings will be deemed to have abandoned construction of the Facilities, and the Bonds will be called for redemption. If the Bonds are called for redemption, the Company has agreed to contribute an amount equal to the portion of the proceeds of the Bonds used to pay costs of issuance. The Funding Conditions included (i) that Holdings’ Huckabay Ridge facility has produced an average of 1,525 MMBtu of its RNG® product per day for a period of 60 consecutive days (the “Test Period”), (ii) that the Huckabay Ridge Facility has produced gross profit of at least $350,000 during the Test Period and (iii) that the Company, Holdings or Holdings’ subsidiaries have raised an aggregate of at least $39.825 million in additional capital after September 3, 2008, of which at least $12.325 million is available for investment in the California facilities financed by the Bonds.

As the Funding Conditions described above were not achieved, Environmental Power, Microgy Holdings, the Bondholders and the Trustee entered into an amendment to the Demand Purchase Agreement on July 31, 2009 to extend to September 15, 2009, the period within which the holders of a majority of the bonds can require Microgy Holdings to purchase the Bonds at par plus accrued interest, as described in more detail in our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 31, 2009, as filed with the SEC on August 3, 2009 (SEC File No. 001-32393). The total amount of this obligation, including accrued interest, would be $64,298,000 as of September 30, 2009. Because the Bondholders have the right to cause the Bonds to be purchased or redeemed, the $62,425,000 obligation associated with the Bonds has been classified as current portion of long-term debt.

 

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We are currently in discussions with the Bondholders regarding the best way to proceed in light of our current financing initiatives. Environmental Power, Microgy Holdings and the Bondholders deemed that it was in their mutual best interests to extend the period of time during which the Bondholders can require the Bonds to be purchased in light of current capital raising activities by Environmental Power and Microgy Holdings. The purpose of the amendment to the Demand Purchase Agreement is to provide adequate time for continued discussions between Environmental Power and Holdings, on the one hand, and the Bondholders, on the other hand.

As of June 30, 2009, we had $57,351,000 in available restricted funds to be used if the bonds are called for redemption, Environmental Power is obligated to contribute, to a possible redemption or purchase of the bonds, an amount equal to the costs of issuance of the California bonds paid from proceeds thereof, or approximately $1.24 million at the time bonds are purchased or redeemed.

NOTE I—NOTES RECEIVABLE

Notes Receivable – In 2005, we completed construction of the digester projects at Five Star Dairy, Wild Rose Dairy, and Norswiss Dairy. Each digester had a purchase price of $1,037,000, of which Microgy agreed to provide 100% seller financing. The notes issued by the purchasers of the digester projects each bear simple interest at 5% per annum, to be paid monthly after the first month that revenues are received under the purchasers’ respective biogas supply agreement with Dairyland Power Cooperative. Each maker of these notes is only required to make interest and principal payments from the revenues under the applicable biogas supply agreement with Dairyland Power Cooperative, to the extent that the operation of the facility, which we manage and operate, provides sufficient funds to pay. Each note matures 11 years after the bill of sale for the facility to which it relates has been executed. Because we have limited operating history, we have set up a reserve on these notes in the amount of $750,000 to allow for any future cash flow deficiencies that would impair the full value of the notes. We also do not expect to record interest income from these notes. As we gain operations and maintenance experience and develop a track record, we will evaluate this allowance and make adjustments accordingly. The following table shows the balance on these notes receivable on June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

 

     June 30, 2009     December 31, 2008  

Notes Receivable

    

Notes receivable

   $ 2,316,498      $ 2,358,500   

Reserve for any future cash flow deficiencies

     (750,000     (750,000
                

Notes receivable, net

   $ 1,566,498      $ 1,608,500   

Beginning in the third quarter of 2007, we sold the greenhouse gas sequestration credits generated from the Wisconsin facilities. Pursuant to our agreements with the owners of these facilities, 50% of these sales were recognized by us as revenue and 50% was applied to the balance of the notes. During the first six months of 2009 and 2008, the balance of the notes receivable was reduced by $18,000 and $171,000, respectively due to the sale of greenhouse gas sequestration credits. The sales for the six months ended June 30, 2008 included revenues for credits generated by vintage years 2005 to 2007 but the sales for the six months ended June 30, 2009 includes credits generated only during the first six months of 2008. Under the terms of the notes the balance of the notes is also reduced by cumulative profits of the Wisconsin facilities. In the first six months of 2009, note receivable balance and revenues were reduced by $24,000 from cumulative profits at the facilities.

Notes Receivable from Officers and Directors – We have outstanding notes receivable from former and current officers and directors for shares purchased in connection with stock option plans that amounted to $638,219 as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008. These notes, partially secured by the underlying shares of stock purchased thereby, are payable upon demand and bear interest at a floating rate which is payable monthly. In accordance with company policy and applicable law, we no longer make loans to our officers or directors.

NOTE J—INCOME TAXES

We account for income taxes in accordance SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”. Under SFAS No. 109, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the financial reporting and tax reporting bases of assets and liabilities and are measured by applying the enacted tax rates and laws to taxable years in which the differences are expected to reverse. We recognize a deferred tax asset for the tax benefit of net operating loss carry forwards when it is more likely than not that the tax benefits will be realized and reduce the deferred tax asset with a valuation reserve when it is more likely than not that some portion of the tax benefits will not be realized.

 

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It is our policy to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. As of June 30, 2009 and 2008, we did not have any accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Uncertain tax positions are defined by Interpretation No. 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN48”). We determined that we had no tax positions that met the definition of uncertainty under the provisions of FIN48.

We file income tax returns with federal, state, and local authorities. The 2002 federal and state returns were examined and closed in 2007 and no material adjustments to any of our tax positions were identified. Our federal and state tax returns subsequent to 2002 remain subject to possible future examinations by relevant tax authorities.

NOTE K—PREFERRED STOCK AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

On November 9, 2006, we issued 281,241 units, consisting of (i) one share of series A 9% cumulative convertible preferred stock, referred to as the series A preferred stock, with each share initially convertible into 10 shares of common stock, and (ii) detachable warrants to purchase five shares of common stock exercisable at a price of $5.522 per share, for a purchase price of $53.335 per unit. We received approximately $14,100,000 in proceeds from this offering after paying fees and expenses. As a result of the issuance of common shares in the public offering completed in October 2007, the applicable conversion price of the preferred stock was reduced and is now convertible into 2,823,660 shares of common stock.

With respect to each of these offerings, as well as other sales of shares of our capital stock, we deem an amount equal to the par value of the shares sold to be “capital” for purposes of the Delaware General Corporation Law.

On July 1, 2009, we did not make the required dividend payment on the series A preferred stock of $667,088 as part of our program to conserve cash. We are in discussions with the holders of the series A preferred stock for a formal acceptance of the deferral of this payment.

NOTE L—ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS

On January 1, 2003, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations” (“SFAS No. 143”), which provides accounting requirements for retirement obligations associated with tangible long-lived assets, including the timing of liability recognition, initial measurement of the liability, allocation of asset retirement costs to expense, subsequent measurement of the liability, and financial statement disclosures. SFAS No. 143 requires that asset retirement costs be capitalized along with the cost of the related long-lived asset. The asset retirement costs should then be allocated to expense using a systematic and rational method. We have determined that we have asset retirement costs of $174,000 associated with substrate removal at the Huckabay Ridge facility. This amount is included in property, plant and equipment and other liabilities on our balance sheet and is amortized over the life of the related asset.

NOTE M—FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

In June 2008, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 07-5, “Determining Whether an Instrument (or Embedded Feature) is Indexed to an Entity’s Own Stock“ (“EITF 07-5”). EITF 07-5 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Paragraph 11(a) of SFAS No. 133—specifies that a contract that would otherwise meet the definition of a derivative but is both (a) indexed to the Company’s own stock and (b) classified in stockholders’ equity in the statement of financial position would not be considered a derivative financial instrument. EITF 07-5 provides a new two-step model to be applied in determining whether a financial instrument or an embedded feature is indexed to an issuer’s own stock and thus able to qualify for the SFAS No. 133 paragraph 11(a) scope exception. Our adoption of EITF 07-5 effective January 1, 2009, resulted in the identification of certain warrants that were determined to require liability classification because of certain provisions that may result in an adjustment to their exercise price. Accordingly, these warrants were retroactively reclassified as liabilities upon the effective date of EITF 07-5 as required by the EITF. The result was a decrease in additional paid in capital as of January 1, 2009 of $ 3,893,968, an increase in retained earnings of $3,726,591, and a liability of $167,377. The liability is required to be marked to fair value as of each reporting date until the expiration or exercise of the instruments. For the quarters ended June 30, 2009 and March 31, 2009 we recorded an increase (decrease) in the fair value of the liability of $29,875 and ($130,255), respectively. The amount recorded in other income (expense) on the accompanying statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 was ($29,875) and $100,380, respectively

We use the Black-Scholes pricing model to calculate fair value of our warrant liabilities. Key assumptions used to apply this model are as follows:

 

     January 1, 2009     June 30, 2009  

Risk free interest rate

     1     1

Expected life

     2.8 years        2.3 years   

Expected volatility of common share price

     66     94

Common share price

   $ 0.63      $ 0.52   

 

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NOTE N—RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of SFAS 157 were effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. However, the FASB deferred the effective date of SFAS 157, as it relates to fair value measurement requirements for non-financial assets and liabilities that are not remeasured at fair value on a recurring basis. These assets include goodwill and other non-amortizable intangible assets. We adopted SFAS 157 as of January 1, 2008.

The fair value framework requires a categorization of assets and liabilities into three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets and liabilities. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows:

 

   

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

 

   

Level 2: Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1. For example, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets.

 

   

Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability.

As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, other than cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, warrants and 14% convertible notes, none of our assets or liabilities were being reported at fair value.

 

     Value at
June 30,
2009
   Quoted
prices in
active
markets
(Level 1)
   Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
unobservable
inputs

(Level 3)

Warrant liabilities

   $ 66,997    $ —      $ 66,997    $ —  

14% convertible notes

     8,000,000      —        8,000,000      —  

We have concluded it is impractical to estimate the fair value of (1) $62,425,000 of 9% California tax-exempt bonds (2) $60,000,000 of 7% Texas tax-exempt bonds and (3) $7,000,000 of 7% Nebraska tax-exempt bonds. Current markets for these securities are illiquid and there are few or any comparable transactions being completed. In addition, the current credit profiles of Environmental Power and Microgy Holdings, the existence of certain restricted funds that may be used as collateral for these bonds, and the current state of projects that these bonds are financing makes it impractical to calculate a fair value of these instruments using management assumptions. Management is unable to observe comparable transactions.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements (“SFAS No. 160”). This statement requires that non-controlling interests be reported as stockholders equity, a change that will effect our financial statement presentation of minority interests in our consolidated subsidiaries. SFAS No. 160 also establishes a single method of accounting for changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary as long as that ownership change does not result in deconsolidation. This statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. SFAS 160 did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures About Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“SFAS 161”). SFAS 161 amends SFAS 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” (“SFAS 133”) to amend and expand the disclosure requirements of SFAS 133 to provide greater transparency about (i) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (ii) how derivative instruments and related hedge items are accounted for under SFAS 133 and its related interpretations, and (iii) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. To meet those objectives, SFAS 161 requires qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value amounts of gains and losses on derivative instruments and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative agreements. SFAS 161 became effective for the Company on January 1, 2009. SFAS 161 did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168 “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles—A Replacement of FASB Statement No. 162” (“SFAS 168”). Statement 168 establishes the FASB Accounting Standards CodificationTM (Codification) as the single source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative U.S. GAAP for SEC registrants. SFAS 168 and the

 

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Codification are effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. When effective, the Codification will supersede all existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards. All other non-grandfathered non-SEC accounting literature not included in the Codification will become non-authoritative. Following SFAS 168, the FASB will not issue new standards in the form of Statements, FASB Staff Positions, or Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts. Instead, the FASB will issue Accounting Standards Updates, which will serve only to: (a) update the Codification; (b) provide background information about the guidance; and (c) provide the bases for conclusions on the change(s) in the Codification. The adoption of SFAS 168 will not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion together with our financial statements and accompanying notes included in this quarterly report and our audited financial statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 which is on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements due to important factors and risks including, but not limited to, those set forth in Part II, Item 1A – Risk Factors of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and other filings we make with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Overview

Environmental Power is a developer, owner and operator of renewable energy production facilities. Our goal is to produce energy that is Beyond Renewable ®, which we define as energy that not only is derived from waste materials instead of precious resources, but energy that is also clean, reliable and cost-effective. Environmental Power and its subsidiaries develop and own facilities that, unlike many renewable energy facilities, are intended to be profitable without the need for subsidies or other governmental assistance. Any such government assistance would, however, benefit our facilities by increasing their potential for profitability, while at the same time expanding opportunities for the profitable deployment of such facilities. We believe that a number of factors, including volatile energy prices, greater desire for renewable energy sources, more stringent environmental and waste management requirements imposed on farmers and food industry waste producers, and greater revenue opportunities from carbon sequestration credits will continue to provide favorable market conditions for our business.

In the past, we have operated in two major segments, through Microgy, Inc., as a developer of renewable energy facilities for the production and commercial application of methane-rich biogas from agricultural and food industry wastes, and through EPC Corporation and its subsidiary, Buzzard Power Corporation, referred to as Buzzard, which was the holder of a leasehold interest in a waste-coal fired generating facility in Pennsylvania known as the Scrubgrass facility. On May 31, 2007, our board of directors authorized management to enter into negotiations regarding the disposition of the leasehold interest in the Scrubgrass facility. On February 29, 2008, we completed the disposition of the leasehold interest. As a result, for financial reporting purposes, we are now consolidating all segments of continuing operations and reporting the results of Buzzard as “discontinued operations”. We thus now operate only in Microgy’s segment.

Microgy is a developer of renewable energy facilities for the production and commercial application of methane-rich biogas produced from animal and food industry wastes. The biogas can be sold to end-users or used to produce pipeline-grade methane, which Microgy refers to as renewable natural gas, or our RNG® product, liquefied natural gas, or LNG, compressed natural gas, or CNG, renewable electrical energy or thermal energy, as well as other useful by-products. Microgy’s systems utilize a proven European biogas production technology that Microgy believes is superior to other such technologies. Currently, Microgy owns the exclusive North American license to this technology. In addition, Microgy has developed significant engineering, construction and process knowledge regarding these systems.

Due to the increased focus on renewable energy, Microgy believes its RNG® offerings will be positively received by numerous environmentally responsible entities seeking renewable energy sources. While we do not have subsidies, rebates, grants or other credits available as to this renewable source of energy, Microgy believes that tax credits, renewable energy credits, pollution offset credits, carbon sequestration credits and other such incentives may be available now or in the future to Microgy’s facilities, and such incentives would serve to enhance the addressable market and potential profitability of its facilities. Many states have either passed or are considering legislation requiring utilities to obtain or generate a certain percentage of their power from renewable sources.

In addition to the value generated from the production and sale of renewable gas, we believe that our facilities can generate additional environmental benefits with significant economic and social value by providing a valuable waste management solution for farms and other producers of organic wastes, such as those in the food industry. Federal and state agencies have either passed or are considering regulations that require concentrated animal feeding operations, referred to as CAFOs, to implement changes to their current waste management practices. We believe that these increasingly stringent environmental regulations will be another significant factor creating opportunities for the deployment of our systems.

Microgy intends to continue to focus on its strategy of developing large-scale, standardized facilities utilizing an ownership model, pursuant to which Microgy will construct, own and operate facilities and profit from the ongoing sale of biogas or RNG® produced by such facilities as well as sales of carbon sequestration credits or other marketable environmental benefits. This strategy encompasses the construction and operation of stand-alone plants like the Huckabay Ridge facility described below, as well as facilities dedicated to the needs of a single customer at one or more customer locations, such as the Grand Island facility described below. By pursuing this strategy, Microgy intends to accumulate gas production and carbon sequestration capacity over time. In addition, Microgy continues to standardize and streamline both its system design and its approach to the marketplace in order to allow for rapid and cost-effective scale-up of its business.

 

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Having constructed both the multi- and single-tank system in four currently operating installations, Microgy intends to own the digester systems it develops. Our multi-digester facilities will primarily produce pipeline-quality renewable natural gas, although we will also consider opportunities to produce and sell conditioned biogas, electricity, CNG or LNG from our facilities. Microgy’s development efforts are focused on applications of its technology that are resource efficient. Development of smaller scale and single-digester facilities will be targeted toward customers that have multiple sites and opportunities that have shorter development cycles. Microgy’s goal with all projects is to maximize the profitability of every project by implementing the right technology and most profitable off-take arrangements.

Microgy’s efforts have resulted in the start of commercial operations at the Huckabay Ridge facility in Stephenville, Texas, in the first quarter of 2008. Huckabay Ridge consists of eight 916,000-gallon digesters which operate together to process the manure from approximately 10,000 cows in combination with various substrate feedstocks in our co-digestion process. The gas is treated and compressed to produce pipeline-grade methane that is sold and delivered directly into nearby natural gas pipelines. Huckabay Ridge is expected to produce an annual sales volume of 782,000 MMBtus per year reflecting the addition of a combined heat and power or CHP process provided by a third party under a services agreement. This arrangement will allow us to reduce our internal parasitic loads, which had increased due to modifications required by the gas conditioning process, freeing up more gas for sale in the market. The net effect will be an increase in revenue offset by increased thermal costs but at a lower value than our RNG ® product pricing and reduced electric costs for the facility. The CHP facility is expected to be in operation during the first quarter of 2010.

We have announced three other multi-digester facilities in development in Texas. We will also consider the addition of a CHP process at each of these facilities and other projects in development to maximize RNG® sales, while utilizing waste heat sources for more efficient energy utilization.

Microgy is also operating three single digester facilities in Wisconsin. Microgy sold these projects to the farms on which they are located, and developed them in conjunction with Dairyland Power Cooperative, an electric cooperative utility, referred to as Dairyland. The biogas from these projects is used by Dairyland to generate electricity. In addition, the Company’s subsidiary, Microgy Grand Island, LLC has begun construction on its Swift Grand Island biogas facility, although construction has been temporarily suspended pending commitments for remaining equity requirements.

Discontinued Operations

The disposition of Buzzard’s leasehold interest in the Scrubgrass facility was completed on February 29, 2008. Buzzard leased its generating facility from Scrubgrass Generating Company, L.P. The Scrubgrass plant, referred to as Scrubgrass, located on a 600-acre site in Venango County, Pennsylvania, is an approximate 83 megawatt waste coal-fired electric generating station. We decided to seek the disposition of Buzzard’s leasehold interest in the Scrubgrass facility to allow management to focus its attention and resources on the development and growth of Microgy. As a result of Buzzard’s disposition of its leasehold interest, we are now consolidating all segments of continuing operations for financial reporting purposes and reporting the results of Buzzard as “discontinued operations”.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations compares the results of operations for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2009 with the results of operations for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2008. Historical results and trends that might be discussed below should not be taken as indicative of the results for the full year or for future operations generally.

 

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2008

Overview. For the six months ended June 30, 2009, we had a net loss from continuing operations of $5,197,000 or a loss of $0.38 per share, compared to a net loss from continuing operations of $8,775,000 or $.61 per share in the same period of the prior year. These results represent a decline in the net loss of $3,578,000. Due to the fact that we had net income from discontinued operations of $6,989,000 recorded in the first quarter of 2008 the net loss applicable to common shareholders was $5,864,000 or $.38 per share in 2009 compared to a net loss applicable to common shareholders of $2,453,000 for the first six months of 2008.

Results from continuing operations improved in the first half of 2009. The net loss from continuing operations was $5,197,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to a net loss from continuing operations of $ 8,775,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2008. The reduction in the net loss from continuing operations was primarily due to a decline in general and administrative expenses of $3,295,000 and a decrease in operating losses before depreciation at our Huckabay Ridge facility during the first six months of 2009 of $1,508,000 due principally to a reduction in operating and maintenance expenses at the facility.

Revenues. Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2009 decreased to $1,914,000 from $2,083,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2008. The decrease in revenues of $169,000 is primarily attributable to a reduction in sales of greenhouse gas sequestration credits in the first half of 2009 derived from the Wisconsin facilities. During the first half of 2009 we recorded $18,000 in revenues from sales of such credits, as opposed of $178,000 in such revenues for the prior year. In the 2008 period we received revenues from the sale of credits for vintage years 2005 to 2007 but for the first six months of 2009 we only received revenues for credits for the first six months of 2008. We currently expect revenues to increase in future periods as Huckabay Ridge revenues in the second half of 2009 should be substantially above 2008 amounts as the facility experienced a prolonged downtime during the last six months of 2008.

Operations and maintenance expenses. Operations and maintenance expense was $1,872,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009 as compared to $3,253,000 for the same period in 2008, a decrease of $1,381,000. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in operations and maintenance expense at Huckabay Ridge of $1,508,000 as start up and non-recurring costs were reduced and Huckabay Ridge received certain insurance proceeds for settlement of claims related to events that occurred in 2008. In addition, in May 2009, we reversed certain reserves established in 2008 for the disposal of substrate which resulted in reduced operations and maintenance expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2009. We currently expect non-recurring and start up costs at Huckabay Ridge to continue to decrease as operations at this facility become more reliable due to the completion of the improvements to the biogas collection and conditioning systems. In addition we anticipate reductions in substrate costs as a result of our substrate sourcing plan, which is expected to be fully implemented by the end of the third quarter.

General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses from continuing operations declined by $3,296,000 to $3,577,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to $6,873,000 for the same period in 2008. The decline is attributable primarily to lower salary expenses in the 2009 period, reflecting the reductions in staffing, lower non-cash compensation expense in the 2009 period due to reduced expense from stock based compensation and reductions in development expense in the 2009 period as we slowed development efforts to conserve cash pending our fundraising initiatives. Without the inclusion of non-cash compensation expense, general and administrative expenses would have been $3,335,000 and $5,467,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Depreciation and amortization expenses. Depreciation and amortization expense increased to $833,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009 from $614,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2008. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense was principally due to the fact that the first half of 2009 included six months of depreciation at the Huckabay Ridge facility whereas the first half of 2008 included only five months depreciation for Huckabay Ridge. The facility began commercial operations in February 2008 so we began to recognize depreciation expense for this facility in February 2008.

Operating loss. As a result of the changes described above, our operating loss from continuing operations decreased to $4,369,000 in the first half of 2009 from $8,657,000 in the same period in 2008.

Interest income. Interest income on unrestricted cash for the six months ended June 30, 2009 was $29,000 as compared to $347,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2008. Interest income decreased due to both lower invested cash balances and lower interest rates on such balances.

Interest expense. Interest expense increased to $907,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to $442,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2008. This increase was due to several factors. We ceased the capitalization of interest expense related to the Huckabay Ridge facility when it began commercial operations in February 2008. The interest expense related to the portion of the bonds allocated to finance the Huckabay Ridge facility is now recorded as interest expense. Therefore we had six full months of interest expense relating to the Huckabay Ridge facility in the first half of 2009, whereas we had only five months of such interest expense related to Huckabay Ridge in the first six months of 2008. In the first half of 2009, we also accrued $257,000 in interest expense on $8,000,000 original principal amount of our 14% convertible notes which were issued in March and May 2009. Finally beginning in April 2009 we stopped capitalizing interest on our Swift facility in Grand Island, Nebraska due to the fact that we temporarily suspended construction as of April 1, 2009. As a result, we expensed $122,000 of interest related to the Swift facility in the second quarter of 2009.

 

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Other income (expense). We had other income of $73,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to other expense of $22,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2008. The other income for the six months ended June 30, 2009 reflects income recognized from a reduction in the market value of certain outstanding warrants partially offset by the net loss associated with the sublease of our Golden, Colorado office facility. The sublease was executed with an effective date of June 1, 2009. The other expense in the first six months of 2008 was the result of the disposal of assets associated with the relocation of our corporate headquarters from Portsmouth, New Hampshire to Tarrytown, New York.

Income tax expense. The income tax expense for the first six months of 2009 reflects estimated state income and franchise tax payments.

Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes. The results for the six months ended June 30, 2009 do not include the results of discontinued operations because these operations were disposed of in February 2008. The loss from discontinued operations of $1,011,000 in 2008 reflects the operations of Buzzard for the first two months of 2008 before we disposed of it. On February 29, 2008 we disposed of Buzzards interest in the Scrubgrass facility and recognized a one time gain of $8,000,000. With the exception of a cash payment of $375,000 the gain was non-cash and consisted primarily of recognition of a previously deferred gain in the amount of $2,570,000, forgiveness of indebtedness in the amount of $3,456,000 and elimination of other obligations of $1,630,000. There was no tax provision provided on the disposition because we believe that we have sufficient net operating loss carry-forwards at the federal and state levels to offset any potential tax liability with respect to the gain on disposition. Therefore the net result of income from discontinued operations for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was income of $6,989,000.

Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2008

Overview. For the three months ended June 30, 2009, we had a net loss applicable to common shareholders of $2,596,000 or a loss of $0.17 per common share compared to loss applicable to common shareholders of $5,293,000 or loss per share of $0.34 per share for the three months ended June 30, 2008. The improvement in results is primarily due to improved performance at our Huckabay Ridge facility and a reduction in general and administrative expenses consistent with our cost reduction plan. These results are explained in more detail below.

Revenues. Revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2009 increased to $1,171,000 from $1,112,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2008. The increase in revenues of $59,000 is primarily attributable to increases revenues at our Huckabay Ridge facility in the second quarter of 2009. During the second quarter of 2009 Huckabay Ridge revenues increased by $112,000 due to higher performance and fewer outages. This increase was partially offset by lower revenues at our Wisconsin facilities.

Operations and maintenance expenses. Operations and maintenance expense was $859,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2009 as compared to $1,937,000 for the same period in 2008, a decrease of $1,078,000. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in operations and maintenance expense at Huckabay Ridge of $1,228,000 as start up and non-recurring costs were reduced, for the three months ended June 30, 2009. We also received insurance proceeds during the three months ended June 30, 2009 from claims related to 2008 events which reduced operations and maintenance expenses during the second quarter of 2009. In addition, in May 2009, we reversed certain reserves established in 2008 for the disposal of substrate which reduced operations and maintenance expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2009.

General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses from continuing operations declined by $2,151,000 to $1,460,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to $3,611,000 for the same period in 2008. The decline is attributable primarily to lower salary expenses in 2009, reflecting the reductions in staffing, lower non-cash compensation expense in the 2009 period due to reduced expense from stock based compensation and reductions in development expense in the 2009 period as we slowed development efforts to conserve cash pending our fundraising initiatives. Without the inclusion of non-cash compensation expense, general and administrative expenses would have been $1,361,000 and $2,496,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Depreciation and amortization expenses. Depreciation and amortization expense increased to $436,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2009 from $354,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2008. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense was principally due to increased depreciation at Huckabay Ridge because of capital additions in 2008 and 2009.

Operating loss. As a result of the changes described above, our operating loss from continuing operations decreased to $1,584,000 in the first quarter of 2009 from $4,789,000 in the same period in 2008.

 

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Interest income. Interest income on unrestricted cash for the three months ended June 30, 2009 was $12,000, as compared to $100,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2008. Interest income decreased due both to lower invested cash balances and lower interest rates on such balances.

Interest expense. Interest expense increased to $610,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to $265,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2008. This increase was due principally to the fact that we accrued $257,000 in interest expense on $8,000,000 original principal amount of our 14% convertible notes which were issued in March and May 2009. In addition we expensed $122,000 in interest costs related to our Swift facility in Grand Island, Nebraska, because we temporarily suspended construction as of April 1, 2009. Previously we had capitalized these interest costs.

Other income (expense). We had other expense of $57,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to other expense of $9,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2008. The other expense for the three months ended June 30, 2009 reflects a increase in the market value of certain outstanding warrants and a loss on the sublease of our office facility in Golden, Colorado. The other expense in the second quarter of 2008 was the result of the disposal of certain fixed assets.

Income tax expense. Because we are not assured of realizing the benefits of operating losses for tax purposes, we did not record an income tax benefit for losses incurred for the three months ended June 30, 2009 or 2008. The income tax expense represents estimated state income and franchise taxes.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Going Concern

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates continuity of operations, realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. As a predominately development oriented company, we have experienced substantial losses since the year ended December 31, 2002. For the six months ended June 30, 2009 we incurred a net loss applicable to common shareholders of $5,864,000. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we incurred a net loss applicable to common shareholders of $17,333,000 and used cash of $13,100,000 in operating activities. We anticipate incurring losses at least through 2010 as we continue the construction of our portfolio of announced projects which we anticipate completing at varying times in 2010, subject to the availability of funding. As of June 30, 2009, we had an accumulated deficit of $73,539,000, and our unrestricted cash and cash equivalents amounted to $1,754,000. Our facility at Huckabay Ridge will not generate sufficient positive cash flow, by itself, to meet our short-term and long-term corporate and project-related capital requirements.

In the past, we have been able to obtain outside financing to fund our losses and meet our capital requirements with the anticipation that once our portfolio of projects are complete and operational, they would contribute to future liquidity needs. While we have implemented steps to reduce our general and administrative expenses, we will need to raise substantial funds during the third quarter of 2009 in order to fund ongoing general and administrative expenses as well as interest and dividend requirements. In addition as described more fully in Note H to the financial statements “Status of California Bond Repayment” the bondholders of the Califonia bonds could require purchase or redemption of these bonds by written notice to us on before September 15, 2009. We are currently actively seeking additional sources of capital to meet our financing needs. To that end, on March 13, 2009 we closed on a sale of $5.0 million original principal amount of our 14% convertible notes due January 1, 2014 for net proceeds of approximately $4.5 million, and, on May 22, 2009, we issued an additional $3.0 million principal amount of such notes to Xergi in consideration for a new Cooperation Agreement. In addition, we are actively pursuing a closing on the sale notes in August or September 2009, though we cannot assure you whether or when such closing will occur, or, if it does occur, how much we will succeed in raising. We continue to work with our financial advisors to identify and explore various opportunities to raise the capital we require. The level of funds we are able to raise, if any, will determine the level of development and construction activity that we can pursue and whether we will be able to continue as a going concern.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern. The uncertainties described in the preceding paragraph raise substantial concern at June 30, 2009 about our ability to continue as a going concern without additional financing. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of the carrying amount of recorded assets or to the amount and classification of liabilities that might result should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

Certain Balance Sheet Items

Cash. The decrease in our unrestricted cash of $1,404,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009 is described below. It reflects primarily the Company’s operating losses offset by the net proceeds from the Company’s $5,000,000 offering of convertible notes.

Restricted Cash. The decrease in the restricted cash balance is the result primarily of qualified draws to fund construction of various projects.

 

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Property, plant and equipment, net and construction in progress. The property plant and equipment balances were $25,659,000 and $23,932,000 as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. The increase in property, plant and equipment is principally due to completion of capital additions at the Huckabay Ridge facility and the reclassification of the completed construction costs to property plant and equipment from construction in progress at December 31, 2008. The total additions to the Huckabay Ridge facility, added to property plant and equipment during the first half of 2009, were $2,436,000 of which $2,283,000 was included in construction in progress at December 31, 2008. In the construction in progress account, this reclassification of costs associated with the Huckabay Ridge facility of $2,283,000 was offset by additions $ 9,288,000, resulting in net increase to the construction in progress account of $7,005,000. Of total capital additions to the construction in progress account in the first half of 2009, $4,472,000 reflects capitalized interest on our Texas, California and Nebraska projects and $1,200,000 reflects construction expenditures at our Grand Island facility. Included in construction in progress at June 30, 2009 is $3.0 million from the payment of certain license fees to Xergi in May 2009.

Current portion of long-term debt. As more fully described in Note H, the holders of $62,425,000 tax-exempt California bonds currently have the right to require purchase or redemption of the bonds for par plus accrued interest. The bondholders may exercise this right at any time through September 15, 2009. Consequently we have classified $62,425,000 as current portion of long-term debt on the June 30, 2009 balance sheet. At December 31, 2008 these obligations were classified as a long-term obligation because the bondholders did not hold the right to demand purchase or redemption of the bonds as of such date and no principal amounts were due in 2009.

Operating Activities

Our net cash used in operating activities was $4,234,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009, compared to cash used in operating activities of $5,274,000 for the same period in 2008. We reported a net loss of $5,197,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009. The following adjustments need to be considered in order to reconcile our net loss in the six months ended June 30, 2009 to our net cash used in operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization. During the six months ended June 30, 2009, we recognized depreciation of property plant and equipment of $677,000, amortization expense for licensed technology rights of $93,000 and amortization of deferred financing costs of $63,000.

Stock-based compensation. Accounting for options, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights issued to employees resulted in non-cash compensation expenses of $243,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to $1,405,000 in such expenses for the same period in 2008.

Investing Activities

Our cash used for investing activities was $739,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to $6,404,000 in the same period in 2008. Our investing activities were concentrated primarily in the following areas:

Restricted cash. The decrease in restricted cash for the six months ended June 30, 2009 of $5,781,000 reflects principally payment of interest costs from restricted cash accounts as well as the draws for costs of construction for the Grand Island, Nebraska facility.

Construction of projects. For the six months ended June 30, 2009 we incurred expenditures of $9,288,000 related to the construction of our Texas, California and Nebraska projects. Of total capital expenditures $1,200,000 was for construction expenditures on our Swift project at Grand Island, Nebraska.

Property, plant and equipment. Property, plant and equipment expenditures reflect capital expenditures at Huckabay Ridge.

Other Assets: The use of funds for other assets in the first half of 2009 is principally due to deposits we made in conjunction with long term contracts to sell our RNG® product.

Financing Activities

Our cash provided by financing activities was $3,570,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009, compared to cash used for financing activities of $995,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2008. We offer the following information concerning the financing activities for our business:

Dividends on preferred stock. Our Series A cumulative convertible preferred stock has a 9% dividend payable semi-annually. We paid $667,000 in such dividends on January 1, 2009. The required July 1 2009, dividend payment was not made and deferred to a later date.

Payment of financing costs. The $701,000 used for financing costs for the first six months of 2009 resulted primarily from the costs of issuance of our 14% convertible notes due January 1, 2014.

 

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Proceeds from long-term debt. We issued $5,000,000 original principal amount of our 14% convertible notes due January 1, 2014 for net proceeds of approximately $4.5 million in March 2009. We issued an additional $3,000,000 of these notes in May 2009. Since these latter notes were issued to pay license fees on projects in development, the $3,000,000 original principal amount is not included in proceeds from long-term debt but is shown as a supplemental non-cash disclosure on the consolidated statements of cash flow.

2009 Outlook

The following forward-looking information concerning our anticipated results of operations for the full year 2009 is being compared to our historical results of operations for 2008.

Current Operations

We expect increased revenues during 2009 from increased sales of our RNG ® product our Huckabay Ridge facility in Texas, and stable revenues from the Wisconsin operating contracts.

Our previously reported comprehensive upgrades to process-instrumentation and controls, the gas conditioning system, and the gas-collection system at Huckabay Ridge continue to deliver improved online reliability. Indeed, for both the months of June and July 2009, we were producing product 93% of the time versus a targeted level of 90%. We achieved this level of performance while meeting or exceeding pipeline-quality standards for the removal of CO2, H2S and H2O. These results confirm our confidence in our operating model and give us added confidence in our ability to manage the biogas-generation process as we look forward to our next generation of operating units.

We continue to experience biogas production at or above expected levels based on substrate characteristics. We have successfully managed through the recessionary conditions experienced earlier in 2009 that resulted in our substrate suppliers curtailing operations or experiencing lower quantities of materials which in turn caused us to transport substrate material from greater distance negatively impacting our cost to transport. As a result, we established a new substrate sourcing plan to address our needs, have executed on the plan and have achieved the results we expected-reduced costs, increased biogas production and more consistent supply. We expect to be achieving both expected biogas output levels and conformance to our long term budget at the end of the third quarter.

A positive result of expanding our reach of substrate suppliers based on this new sourcing plan has been to improve the pool of suppliers for Huckabay Ridge as well as building our pool of suppliers for our other Texas projects. In addition, when the biodiesel industry turns around we are prepared to resume taking delivery of glycerin, an excellent form of substrate, as project economic conditions dictate.

We expect our operation and maintenance expenses at Huckabay Ridge to reflect the full year of commercial operations during 2009 at increased capacity. We expect the Dairyland sites’ operations and maintenance expenses to remain approximately even with 2008 levels.

In 2008 and early 2009 we instituted a number of steps to reduce or eliminate certain general and administrative costs. General and administrative expenses should continue to decline relative to 2008 and were reduced in the first half of 2009 from amounts for the same period in 2008.

Projects in Development

Other Texas Projects. Our planned Texas projects remain in various stages of development. Cnossen and Rio Leche projects are in the engineering phase and initial site work has been completed. We have made our required equity contributions for these projects and expect to proceed with foundation construction and additional site work during the second half of 2009, with anticipated completion of construction and startup in 2010.

California Projects. As previously reported, our California projects have all requisite water and air permits. Our ability to continue development of these projects will depend on whether we can obtain the necessary equity funding and, in addition, whether we are able to maintain or refinance our existing debt financing. As described more fully in Note H to our consolidated financial statements included in this report, the bondholders have the right to demand purchase or redemption of the $62,425,000 of California bonds any time on or before September 15, 2009. Our tax exempt volume cap allocation for Bar 20 has been returned. We anticipate either re-applying for volume cap allocation at a later date or pursuing alternate financing for this project.

JBS Swift Grand Island. Construction on the biogas facility located at the JBS Swift & Co. beef processing plant in Grand Island, Nebraska, began in 2008 and has been funded to date from the $7 million tax-exempt bond financing described in greater detail in our Current Report on Form 8-K, dated July 22, 2008, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 25, 2008. We have, however, suspended construction pending financing commitments for remaining equity requirements.

The suspension of construction has resulted in a delay in meeting the scheduled date for commencement of biogas deliveries under the terms of the Biogas Purchase and Sale Agreement between Microgy Grand Island, LLC and JBS Swift. Microgy Grand Island has informed JBS Swift that Microgy Grand Island intends to resume construction once remaining financing needs are secured and has, on a reservation-of-rights basis, made certain payments to JBS Swift to cover its claim for liquidated damages. We believe that such damages constitute the sole remedy under the biogas agreement for delay, although it is not known whether JBS Swift will concur regarding its sole remedy or pursue further claims based on the delay.

 

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Cash Flow Outlook for 2009

We expect to fund our business activities principally from available cash balances, raising additional funds through debt and/or equity financings by Environmental Power, Microgy or their affiliates and project-specific financing, to the extent available. We are also actively pursuing federal- and state-administered stimulus funding to augment sources of private capital. The requirement for additional financing will be in direct proportion to the number of projects on which we begin construction, as well as our construction schedule. In addition, during 2009 we will need to meet significant interest and preferred dividend obligations as well as fund general and operating expenses. We will require significant additional capital in the third quarter in order to meet these obligations and continue to fund our planned construction program on its current schedule.

Capacity Update

As a result of our experienced gained at Huckabay Ridge and the plan to utilize other gas conditioning technologies in our future projects, our parasitic use of our RNG® product is expected to decrease, resulting in increased RNG® product sales volumes as described below.

 

Project

   Cnossen     Mission     Rio
Leche
    Hanford     Riverdale     Bar 20  

Previous MMBtu Sales

   635,000      635,000      635,000      732,000      621,000      601,000   

Current MMBtu Sales

   670,000      670,000      670,000      780,000      639,000      629,000   

Percent Increase

   6   6   6   7   3   5

The increased revenue from increased RNG® product sales will be partially offset by increased parasitic electricity costs. In addition, we are actively assessing the benefits of producing or purchasing lower cost energy, either utilizing a similar CHP process as at Huckabay Ridge or other means which would result in an additional increase in RNG® product sales volume, offset by the net cost of energy procured.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Our most significant risk exposure is changing interest rates which may affect our short term investments generally and would also impact future debt financing costs. The gas production of future projects, to the extent not subject to fixed price off take agreements or other hedging arrangements, has the potential to expose us to risk associated with fluctuating gas prices. These risks are described in more detail below.

Short-term investments

We invest cash balances that are in excess of our normal operating requirements in short term investments generally with maturities of three months or less. Because of the credit quality and short duration of these investments, we do believe our short-term investments are subject to normal market risks associated with high quality, low duration money market investments. A portion of our restricted cash balance is invested in highly rated, highly liquid government securities. We believe that those instruments are not subject to material potential near-term losses in future earnings from reasonably possible near-term changes in market rates or prices.

Debt

We have financed and expect to continue to finance Microgy’s projects with debt financing, including tax-exempt financing, to the extent available. Any such debt financing will be subject to prevailing interest rates.

Exposure to Renewable Energy Pricing and Commodity Price Risk

Although our RNG® product is a commodity that is the equivalent of traditional natural gas, we believe the pricing and value to our customers is different than traditional natural gas, insofar as our product has the important attribute of being renewable. Therefore we believe the price of our product is based primarily on the value associated with its renewable nature. As a renewable energy product, our RNG® product competes primarily with other renewable energy products, such as wind, solar and geothermal energy. As a result, changes in the prices for other forms of renewable energy, for instance, due to changes in the efficiency, availability, reliability and regulatory and tax treatment of other forms of renewable energy, in each case as compared to our RNG® product, have influenced and will continue to influence the pricing of our RNG® product.

To the extent that, due to regulatory changes or other factors, customers begin to place less value on the renewable attributes of our RNG® product and begin to view it as on a par with natural gas, or to the extent that we do not have long-term agreements for the sale of our RNG® product, we could become exposed to market risk with respect to natural gas prices. Historically, natural gas prices have been volatile, and we expect such volatility to continue. Fluctuations in the commodity price of natural gas may have a materially adverse impact on the profitability of some of our facilities; particularly where we do not have a long-term contract for the sale of the facility’s output at a fixed or predictable price. In such cases, we would explore various strategies, including hedging transactions and the like, in order to mitigate the associated commodity price risk.

In connection with our tax-exempt bond financings in Texas and California, we are required to maintain certain gas price protection arrangements for the gas output of our facilities. The California and Huckabay Ridge projects have a 10 year RNG® agreement at a fixed price from PG&E and the Texas projects have a three year fixed price agreement with Texas Gas Service Company as it is the Company’s philosophy to seek mid to long term RNG® agreements at prices reflecting the renewable aspects of our gas.

 

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Substrate Costs

We rely on significant quantities of substrate materials that provide proteins, fats, and carbohydrates that enhance the biological process in our digesters. Notwithstanding any supply agreements we may have, we are currently unable to forecast the costs associated with transporting substrate, and are exposed to market risk relating to availability of these materials. Substrate availability is affected by industry supply and demand, including competition by other users and recyclers of these materials, weather, and many other factors. Fluctuations in the availability of substrate and the cost to transport it to our projects are expected and could have a materially adverse effect on the profitability of our facilities. For example, Microgy has recently experienced a decline in the volume of high quality substrate used by its Huckabay Ridge facility as a result of current economic conditions. In the absence of substrate of sufficient quality at an affordable cost, our anaerobic digester facilities would operate less efficiently, which would materially and adversely affect our overall profitability. A substantial portion of the gas production of Microgy’s facilities is derived from the co-digestion contribution enabled by substrate. We are aggressively pursuing efforts to secure reliable substrate supplies on cost-effective terms for projects.

 

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as required by the Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b) as of June 30, 2009. Based on that evaluation the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of June 30, 2009. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended June 30, 2009 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are not a party to any material legal proceedings.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Investing in our securities, involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below before purchasing our securities. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties may also impair our business operations and adversely affect our prospects. The order in which such risks are presented does not necessarily reflect the relative importance of such risks or the likelihood that any of the events or circumstances described below will occur or exist.

If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations would likely suffer. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could fall and you may lose all or part of the money you paid to buy our common stock.

Risks Relating to Our Business

We have experienced losses to date, and we anticipate that we will continue to experience losses through at least 2010, which means that we will have to raise significant additional financing during the third quarter of 2009 in order to continue our business operations.

We are a company in the process of pursuing an aggressive and novel business approach to the construction and operation of renewable energy facilities and the production of renewable natural gas. As noted below, our sole operating business, Microgy, is in the early stages of its development. As a result, we have a history of losses. For the six months ended June 30, 2009, we incurred a net loss from continuing operations of $5,197, 000. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we incurred a net loss from continuing

 

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operations of $22,996,000 which includes a non-cash, non-recurring expense for the impairment of goodwill of $4,913,000. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, we incurred net losses from continuing operations of $11,161,000, and $11,399,000, respectively. We expect to continue to incur losses, reduce our earnings or, as the case may be, add to our earnings deficit as we seek to further develop our business. We currently expect that these ongoing losses will adversely affect our financial condition through at least 2010. As a result of these losses, we anticipate that we will, in all likelihood, have to rely on external financing for most of our capital and operational requirements. We will need to raise substantial financing in order to fund ongoing general and administrative expenses associated with our corporate overhead as well as interest and dividend requirements and to continue as a going concern. We currently have no commitments for any such financing. We cannot assure you such financing will be available on reasonable terms or in a timely fashion, or at all, particularly in the current economic environment, in which capital raising activities are especially challenging. Future losses are likely to continue unless we successfully implement our business plan. If we are not successful in reaching and maintaining profitable operations, we may not be able to attract sufficient capital to continue our operations and avoid defaulting on our corporate and subsidiary debt and other obligations. Our inability to obtain adequate financing would likely result in the need to reduce the number of projects we construct and even to curtail or cease our business operations and would materially impair the value of your investment in our securities.

Our sole operating business, Microgy, has limited operating history from which to evaluate its business and products.

Our sole operating business, Microgy, was formed in 1999 and remains in the early stages of its development. Microgy is developing facilities that use environmentally friendly anaerobic digestion and other technologies to produce biogas from animal and organic wastes. Although Microgy has developed and is operating three single digester facilities in Wisconsin and the multi-digester Huckabay Ridge facility, Microgy still has limited experience in the construction and operation of multiple digester facilities such as those Microgy is currently constructing or intends to construct, and limited experience in gas conditioning or the sale of gas as a commodity. In addition, Microgy has experienced challenges during the startup and initial operation of the Huckabay Ridge facility that have resulted in outages for corrective measures. We took advantage of such an outage to complete comprehensive upgrades to process-instrumentation and controls, the gas conditioning system, and the gas-collection system in order to achieve anticipated performance levels. While we gained valuable knowledge as to our processes and incorporated the lessons learned into future projects, we cannot assure you that similar challenges will not be encountered with respect to future facilities. Because of Microgy’s limited experience, there is a risk that Microgy may never be profitable.

Microgy cannot predict when any facility will be completed, what Microgy’s costs will be or, consequently, whether Microgy or any facility developed by Microgy will be profitable.

Development of Microgy’s facilities is an inherently risky activity, subject to significant uncertainties and a lengthy development cycle. Uncertainties and risks include those relating to costs and availability of supplies and labor, costs and quality of facility components and installation services, fluctuations in the prices available for the sale of facility output and timing of completion of construction and commencement of commercial operations. Furthermore, obtaining the large number of agreements, permits and approvals necessary to develop, install, operate and manage any of Microgy’s facilities, as well as to market the energy and other co-products and to provide necessary related resources and services, involves a long development cycle and decision-making process. Microgy is required to enter into or obtain some or all of the following in connection with the development of its facilities:

 

   

Off-take interconnection agreements;

 

   

Site agreements;

 

   

Supply contracts;

 

   

Design/build or other construction-related agreements;

 

   

Off-take agreements for gas produced;

 

   

Power sales contracts for facilities dedicated to the generation of electricity;

 

   

Agreements for the sale of greenhouse gas sequestration credits or other tradable environmental attributes;

 

   

Various co-product sales agreements;

 

   

Waste disposal agreements;

 

   

Environmental and other permits and licenses;

 

   

Government approvals; and

 

   

Financing commitments required for the successful completion of facilities under consideration.

 

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Microgy’s failure to accomplish any of these objectives could materially increase the cost, or prevent the successful completion of, development or operation of facilities and incur the loss of any investment made. Many of these objectives are dependent upon decisions by third parties. Delays in such parties’ decision-making process are outside of our control and may have a negative impact on our development costs, cost of operations, receipt of revenue and revenue projections. We expect that, in some cases, it may take a year or more to obtain decisions on permits and approvals and to negotiate and close these complex agreements. Such delays could harm our operating results and financial condition.

As a result of the foregoing uncertainties we are unable to project with certainty Microgy’s organizational, structural, staffing or other overhead costs, the construction or operating costs associated with any facility, or whether any facility, or Microgy as a whole, will generate a profit. If Microgy fails to generate a profit, your investment in our securities will be materially, adversely affected.

If we are unable to obtain needed financing for Microgy’s facilities, the value of our Microgy investment may be reduced significantly.

Because we have not yet generated sufficient positive cash flow, and do not expect to do so until at least 2011, we do not have adequate funds on hand to complete construction of the facilities we currently have planned. We are seeking and will require corporate, project or group financing to fund the cost of any development we may decide to pursue for Microgy’s facilities. This financing may be difficult or impossible for us to obtain particularly in the current economic environment, in which capital raising activities are especially challenging. If we are unable to obtain such financing, the value of our Microgy investment may be reduced significantly, and we may be required to substantially curtail our business or completely cease construction or operation of any facilities. The availability of additional financing will depend on prospective lenders’ or investors’ review of our financial capabilities as well as specific facilities and other factors, including their assessment of our ability to construct and manage each facility successfully and the current state of the economy. Such financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to obtain the required financing, we will have to reduce the number of projects we construct and may even have to curtail or cease our business operations, which would have a material adverse effect on your investment in our securities.

If Microgy is unable to obtain sufficient manure and substrate for its facilities at an acceptable cost, such facilities, and Microgy as a whole, will likely not be profitable.

The performance of Microgy’s facilities is dependent on the availability of large quantities of animal manure and substrates derived from animal and other organic waste resources to produce raw energy and meet performance standards in the generation of renewable natural gas. A substantial portion of the gas production of Microgy’s facilities is derived from the co-digestion contribution enabled by substrate. While Microgy has or is expected to have agreements relating to the supply of manure and substrate, these agreements may not cover all of Microgy’s requirements for such resources, and Microgy will be subject to the ability of the counterparties to such agreements to perform their obligations thereunder. Lack of manure or substrate or adverse changes in the nature or quality of such waste resources or the cost to supply or transport them would seriously affect the ability of Microgy’s facilities to produce gas at profitable levels and, consequently, its ability to develop and finance facilities and to operate efficiently and generate income. As a result, its revenue and financial condition would be materially and negatively affected. For example, Microgy has recently experienced a decline in the volume of high quality substrate used by its Huckabay Ridge facility as a result of current economic conditions, which has had a negative impact on that facility’s operations. We cannot assure you that the waste resources Microgy’s facilities require will be available in the future in acceptable quantity or quality, for free or at prices that make them affordable or accessible.

Microgy is expected to derive a significant portion of its revenues from the sale of renewable natural gas; as a result it may have some exposure to volatility in the commodity price of natural gas.

Microgy is expected to derive a significant portion of its revenues from the sale of renewable natural gas. Microgy typically enters into medium to long-term off-take arrangements for the gas produced by its facilities as part of the planning and development of such facilities, and may enter into other hedging arrangements, in order to mitigate the associated commodity price risk. Furthermore, our subsidiary, Microgy Holdings, is required by the terms of its tax-exempt bonds to maintain certain gas price protection arrangements for specified periods of time. We believe that these arrangements will be considered normal purchases and sales and will not be subject to derivative accounting. However, there may be times when such off-take and hedging arrangements expire or otherwise terminate before new arrangements are put in place, and such arrangements are subject to the creditworthiness of the counterparties to them. In addition, we cannot assure you that any such risk management vehicles will always be available or successful. Because renewable natural gas commands a premium over, but still tracks prices for, conventional natural gas, Microgy will be exposed, to the extent not covered by long-term contracts, to market risk with respect to the commodity pricing of conventional natural gas. Historically, natural gas prices have been volatile and Microgy expects such volatility to continue.

We expect revenues from sales of greenhouse gas sequestration credits and other environmental attributes, but the market for such attributes is nascent and may not develop in a manner that allows us to profit from the sales of such credits to the level projected, or at all.

The multiple digester facilities that we plan to implement through Microgy Holdings and our other subsidiaries are expected to produce greenhouse gas sequestration credits and other marketable environmental attributes. While there exist trading markets for these attributes, and additional trading markets or other commercial avenues may develop, the existing trading markets are new and

 

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experience thin trading and price volatility, which can hinder sales of credits and make their value unpredictable. The quantity of credits that may be generated are a function of the carbon credit offset characteristics as determined by protocols used to document and verify the carbon offset value. These protocols continue to evolve, and changes in these protocols could substantially diminish further carbon credit eligibility. Furthermore, much of the participation in these markets is voluntary, in response to social and environmental concerns, as opposed to being driven by regulatory requirements. While many states and the federal government are pursuing or are considering carbon emissions limits and related initiatives that may spur greater development of and participation in these markets, we are unable to determine the effect of these initiatives on these markets. We cannot assure you that these trading markets will develop further, or even that they will continue to exist. In addition, many of our agreements with our business partners and investors require us to share such credits or any revenues we derive from sales of such credits, and agreements we negotiate in the future may also include such requirements. As a result of the foregoing, we may recognize significantly smaller revenues than we anticipate from the sale of greenhouse gas sequestration credits or other environmental attributes.

We have pledged all of our interest in our facilities in Texas and California as security for the loans relating to Microgy Holdings’ tax-exempt bond financings in those jurisdictions, and our subsidiary, Microgy Grand Island, LLC, has entered into a financing lease with respect to the Grand Island facility.

We have invested, and expect to invest, substantial funds and resources in the Huckabay Ridge facility and the other multi-digester, renewable natural gas facilities in Texas, California and Nebraska. We have pledged all of our interest in the Huckabay Ridge facility, as well as the Rio Leche, Cnossen and Mission facilities in Texas as collateral security for the loan to our subsidiary, Microgy Holdings, from the Gulf Coast Industrial Development Authority of Texas relating to the $60 million tax-exempt bond financing we completed in November 2006. We have pledged all of our interest in the Riverdale and Hanford facilities in California as collateral security for the loan to our subsidiary, Microgy Holdings, from the California Statewide Communities Development Authority relating to the $62.425 million tax-exempt bond financing we completed in September 2008. While these loans are non-recourse to Environmental Power, Environmental Power is required to provide at least 20% of the construction costs of these facilities, as well as to cover any cost overruns in construction and certain other significant costs, which represents a substantial investment of corporate resources. If Microgy Holdings were to default on these loans, we would lose some or all of our investment in the Texas and California facilities, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our subsidiary, Microgy Grand Island, LLC, has entered into a $7.0 million sale and leaseback transaction with the City of Grand Island, Nebraska in connection with its tax-exempt bond financing in Nebraska to finance the construction of the Grand Island facility, and has guaranteed the City’s obligations under the tax-exempt bonds. Environmental Power has equity contribution and support obligations with respect to the Grand Island facility that are substantially similar to those under the Texas and California financings. If Microgy Grand Island defaults on its lease and guarantee obligations to the City of Grand Island, we would lose some or all of our investment in the Grand Island facility, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Microgy faces competition in the renewable energy market as well as for the resources necessary to operate its facilities.

Microgy plans to generate revenue from the development and ownership of facilities that market renewable, “green” energy in addition to providing pollution control features to the agricultural and food industry markets.

Microgy’s “green” competitors include other energy producers using biomass combustion, biomass anaerobic digestion, geothermal, solar, wind, new hydro and other renewable sources. These companies represent a significant class of competitors because they will compete with Microgy for sale of marketable renewable energy credits and participation in various renewable portfolios and other programs.

Competition in the traditional energy business from electric utilities and other energy companies is well established, with many substantial entities having multi-billion dollar, multi-national operations. Many of these companies are beginning to compete in the alternative fuels and renewable energy business with the growth of the industry and the advent of many new technologies. Larger companies, due to their greater financial and other resources, will be better positioned than Microgy to develop new technologies and to install existing or more advanced renewable energy facilities, which could harm Microgy’s business.

Microgy also faces many forms of competition with respect to the resources required to operate its facilities. Such competition includes other providers of pollution control, including environmental engineers, providers of pollution control systems, private companies, public companies, associations, cooperatives, government programs, foreign companies, and educational pilot programs. Furthermore, there are many companies that offer anaerobic digester systems. A number of these competitors have more mature businesses and have successfully installed anaerobic digester systems in the United States. Microgy may be forced to compete with any of these competitors for access to equipment, construction supplies, skilled labor for the construction and operation of its facilities and the supplies of manure and substrate required to operate its facilities. In addition, Microgy may also have to compete for access to substances that make desirable substrates with other users of these substances, such as recyclers of waste grease and producers of biodiesel and other biofuels. The effect of such competition could be reflected in higher costs associated with obtaining access to these resources, as well as an insufficient supply of these resources for the profitable operation of Microgy’s facilities. If Microgy cannot obtain and maintain these supplies, or cannot obtain or maintain them at reasonable costs, the profitability of Microgy’s business will be adversely affected.

 

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Extreme weather events may have a material adverse effect on the operation on our facilities.

Microgy’s facilities and sites are sensitive to extreme weather events. For instance, the anaerobic digestion process requires temperatures within a certain band, and extreme cold or heat may negatively impact the process or increase operating costs as a result of the need to counter such temperatures. This was the case in early 2007, when Texas experienced record cold temperatures that hindered startup of the Huckabay Ridge facility. Also, our sites contain retention ponds that have been designed with ample capacity to collect and retain storm water run-off, but, despite applying best maintenance practices, that capacity on rare occasions can be strained by severe rainfall. Thus, in August 2008, a 25-year record rainfall event caused a storm water retention pond breach and spill that required cleanup of a dry creek bed and reporting to the local environmental authorities. While Microgy considers typical local weather conditions in the design of its facilities and maintains appropriate insurance to mitigate associated risks to the extent commercially feasible, Microgy cannot anticipate all unusual weather events, and such events have had and may in the future have a material adverse effect on the operation of its facilities.

It is possible that we may expend large sums of money on individual projects to bring Microgy’s products to market and that the revenue that Microgy derives from these products from new projects may be insufficient to fund our operations.

Microgy’s business approach to the renewable energy may not produce results as anticipated, be profitable or be readily accepted by the marketplace. We cannot estimate whether the gas produced by facilities based on Microgy’s technology will materialize at anticipated prices, or whether satisfactory profit margins will be achieved. If such pricing levels are not achieved or sustained, or if Microgy’s technologies and business approach to Microgy’s markets do not achieve or sustain broad acceptance, our business, operating results and financial condition will be materially and negatively impacted.

Because we have not filed patents to protect Microgy’s intellectual property, we might not be able to prevent others from using Microgy’s technology; conversely, others who have filed for patent or other protection might be able to prevent Microgy from using its technology.

Microgy has not filed any patent applications on any of its intellectual property. Should Microgy decide to file patent applications, we cannot assure you that any patent applications relating to Microgy’s existing or future products or technologies will result in patents being issued, that any issued patents will afford adequate protection to Microgy, or that such patents will not be challenged, invalidated, infringed or circumvented. Furthermore, we cannot assure you that others have not developed, or will not develop, similar technologies that will compete with Microgy’s without infringing upon Microgy’s intellectual property rights or those of its licensor.

Third parties, including potential competitors, may already have filed patent applications relating to the subject matter of Microgy’s current or future technology. In the event that any such patents are issued to such parties, such patents may preclude Microgy or its licensor from obtaining patent protection for its technologies, products or processes. In addition, such patents may hinder or prevent Microgy from commercializing its technology and could require Microgy to enter into licenses with such parties. We cannot assure you that any required licenses would be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all.

Microgy relies on confidentiality agreements and licensing agreements to maintain the proprietary nature of its technology. To compete effectively, Microgy may have to defend the rights to its intellectual property from time to time. Such defense costs may be significant and have a negative impact on our financial condition. In addition, we may lack the financial resources to adequately defend Microgy’s intellectual property.

Microgy’s facilities are likely to be subject to numerous governmental regulations.

We expect that Microgy’s facilities are likely to be subject to various local, state and federal government regulations, including regulations covering air and water quality, solid waste disposal and related pollution issues. These regulations are mandated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, and state and local governments and are usually implemented through a permitting process, with ongoing compliance requirements thereafter. For example, grease-trap waste from restaurants and other food service providers is a desirable and highly available form of substrate for our facilities in Texas. However, the Texas environmental authorities required that we obtain a solid-waste permit for each of our planned facilities in Texas to the extent we desire to use grease-trap waste as substrate in the operation of such facilities. Furthermore, we have had to obtain water discharge permits for our planned California facilities, which typically involve a lengthy process. We expect that all of our facilities will be required to obtain various environmental and other permits and approvals, which will vary from location to location. In addition, our activities will fall under a number of health and safety regulations and laws and regulations relating to farming and zoning. Compliance with these regulations and permitting requirements could delay the development of facilities and could be costly and harm our financial condition.

Microgy’s facilities may become subject to regulations or taxes based on carbon or other emissions.

 

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Microgy’s facilities produce and emit into the atmosphere carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide as a result of the anaerobic digestion gas conditioning processes that they employ. While such facilities capture and thereby reduce the amount of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, that would otherwise enter the atmosphere, there are direct emissions of carbon dioxide, another greenhouse gas. As such, Microgy’s facilities may still be subject to future federal or state legislation or regulation, or the implementation of international treaties, which seek to limit or impose a cost on greenhouse gas emissions. If any such legislation, regulations or treaties were implemented, Microgy may be required to expend resources to capture the carbon dioxide it produces, pay a tax on its carbon dioxide emissions, purchase greenhouse gas sequestration credits, reduce the greenhouse sequestration credits claimed for such facilities or take similar actions. In addition, Microgy could become subject to federal, state and local taxes and regulations regarding its other emissions. Any of the foregoing could harm the profitability of Microgy’s facilities.

Our operating results are difficult to predict in advance and may fluctuate significantly, which may result in a substantial decline in our stock price.

Our operating results are difficult to predict in advance and may fluctuate significantly, and a failure to meet the expectations of analysts or our stockholders would likely result in a substantial decline in our stock price.

Factors that are likely to cause our results to fluctuate include the following:

 

   

the amount and timing of our operating expenses and capital expenditures;

 

   

the success or failure of the facilities currently underway;

 

   

our ability to specify, develop and complete facilities, and to introduce and market the energy created by such facilities and bring them to volume production in a timely manner;

 

   

the rate of adoption and acceptance of new industry standards in our target markets; and

 

   

other unforeseen activities or issues.

If our operating results fluctuate greatly, our business may be materially adversely affected and our stock price will likely decline.

Because, the Huckabay Ridge facility failed to meet certain performance tests, and we and our subsidiaries failed to achieve certain capital raising targets by June 30, 2009, Microgy Holdings may be required to repurchase or redeem the California bonds, making the funds from such financing unavailable for the planned California projects.

The terms of Microgy Holdings’ tax-exempt bond financing in California require that the following conditions be met before the proceeds of the financing can be drawn for the planned California projects:

 

   

the Huckabay Ridge facility has produced an average of 1,525 MMBtu of RNG® per day for a period of 60 consecutive days and a gross profit of at least $350,000 during such period; and

 

   

Environmental Power, Microgy Holdings or its subsidiaries has raised an aggregate of at least $45 million in additional capital after September 3, 2008, of which at least $17.5 million is available for investment in the planned California facilities, with such amounts being reduced by the amount of the anticipated equity contribution for the planned Bar 20 facility in California should there be no further bond financing for such facility.

Because the foregoing conditions were not met by June 30, 2009, the holders of a majority of the California bonds have the right, exercisable by written notice to Microgy Holdings on or before September 15, 2009, to require Microgy Holdings to purchase all of the California bonds on or before September 30, 2009 at a purchase price of $62.425 million (the par amount of such bonds) plus accrued interest to the purchase date. If Microgy Holdings does not purchase the California bonds, it will be deemed to have abandoned construction of the planned California facilities, and the bondholders may cause the California bonds to be called for redemption. If the California bonds are called for redemption, Environmental Power has agreed to contribute an amount equal to the portion of the proceeds of the California bonds used to pay costs of issuance, which was approximately $1,248,500.

Because the foregoing conditions were not met, if the holders of the California bonds require purchase or redemption of their bonds, then, assuming there are no defenses available to such actions and obligations, the proceeds of the California bonds would not be available for Microgy Holdings’ planned California projects and Environmental Power would have an obligation to pay approximately $1,248,500. As of the date of this report, in the event any redemption of the California bonds, there would be a shortfall of approximately $5.1 million plus accrued interest from June 1, 2009 through the date of purchase and redemption. The amount that would be due is, inclusive of the amount Environmental Power has agreed to contribute with respect to costs of issuance. Currently, neither Environmental Power nor Microgy Holdings has sufficient funds to cover this shortfall. We believe the loss of the proceeds of the California bonds, the payment by Environmental Power of costs of issuance or the inability of Microgy Holdings to pay the full amount owed upon redemption of the California bonds could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, our results of operations and our ability to continue as a going concern if ongoing alternative financing efforts are not successful.

In addition, we have agreed with the holders of the bonds issued to finance the Texas facilities that we will not draw any proceeds from the Texas bonds to pay costs of the planned Mission project until the Huckabay Ridge facility has reached the production and profitability tests described above. As part of our continuing negotiations with the California bondholders we may purchase at par plus accrued interest a portion of the Texas bonds.

 

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Risks Relating to Our Capital Stock

We have numerous outstanding shares of restricted common stock, as well as options, warrants and shares of preferred stock exercisable or convertible into a substantial number of shares of our common stock; the resale of outstanding restricted shares, as well as the exercise or conversion of these securities and the resale of the underlying shares, may adversely affect the price of our common stock.

The resale by our stockholders of shares of our restricted common stock or securities exercisable for or convertible into shares of our common stock could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

A significant portion of our outstanding shares of common stock had been restricted from immediate resale, but is now available for sale in the market pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933. As of June 30, 2009, we had approximately:

 

   

15,608,468 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding, of which 1,212,726 shares of common stock outstanding are “restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144 and 17,625 shares are subject to vesting pursuant to restricted stock awards granted to certain employees; and

 

   

2,823,659 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of our series A preferred stock;

all of which shares, other than employee restricted stock awards subject to vesting, are eligible for resale without volume and manner of sale restrictions in accordance with Rule 144, except to the extent held by our affiliates. We are currently authorized to issue 50,000,000 shares of common stock.

We also currently have on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission an effective registration statement that permits the resale of up to 100,000 shares of our common stock subject to warrants exercisable at a price of $6.33 per share by the holders of such warrants. In addition, in connection with our sale of shares of our series A preferred stock and common stock warrants on November 9, 2006, we filed a registration statement to permit the resale of up to 4,387,360 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of such shares of series A preferred stock and exercise of such warrants, which registration statement is currently effective. The shares of series A preferred stock were convertible at a conversion price of $5.27 per share, and the common stock warrants were exercisable at a price of $5.52 per share as to 1,406,205 of the warrants, and $5.27 per share as to 168,745 of the warrants. In October 2007, the exercise price of the warrants was reduced to $5.25 per share, and the preferred stock conversion price was reduced to $5.25 per share as a result of anti–dilution adjustments triggered by the issuance of common stock in the October 2007 public offering, resulting in an increase of 11,250 in the number of shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of the series A preferred stock.

In addition, pursuant to our business development agreement with Cargill, Incorporated, we may issue warrants to Cargill from time to time to acquire up to an aggregate of 4.99% of our outstanding common stock on a fully diluted basis, at an exercise price equal to 75% of the closing price of our common stock on the date on which such warrants are issued. In May 2007, we issued to Cargill warrants to purchase 175,912 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $5.37 per share, representing 1% of our fully diluted common stock at the time, as required by the business development agreement.

On March 13, 2009, we closed on the sale of $5 million original principal amount of our 14% convertible notes due January 1, 2014. These notes are convertible into an aggregate of up to approximately 925,926 shares of our common stock, based upon the minimum conversion price of the notes, all of which shares may be sold by the holders thereof without restriction, except to the extent held by our affiliates.

On May 22, 2009 we issued an additional $3 million original principal amount of the notes as payment for certain license fees to the licensor of Microgy’s technology in a private placement transaction. These notes are convertible into up to approximately 555,556 shares of common stock, based upon the minimum conversion price. These shares are “restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144.

We currently have pending with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement covering an offering of an additional $5 million of the notes, which would be converted into an aggregate of up to approximately 925,926 shares of our common stock, based upon the minimum conversion price of the notes. If this offering is consummated, all of such shares may be sold by the holders thereof without restriction, except to the extent held by our affiliates.

As of June 30, 2009, we had outstanding options and warrants to acquire up to approximately 4,668,978 shares of our common stock at prices ranging from $1.75 to $8.89 per share, with a weighted average exercise price of $5.18 per share and an average remaining contractual term of 4 years. The shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of these options will be freely transferable without restriction, except to the extent that they are held by our affiliates. Any shares held by our affiliates may only be sold in compliance with the volume limitations of Rule 144. These volume limitations restrict the number of shares that may be sold by an affiliate in any

 

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three-month period to the greater of 1% of the number of shares then outstanding, which equals approximately 156,000 shares as of June 30, 2009, or the average weekly trading volume of our common stock during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to the sale.

As a result of the resale of outstanding shares of our common stock, including restricted shares and shares issuable upon exercise or conversion of the foregoing securities, the price of our common stock may be adversely affected.

The issuance of preferred stock may adversely affect the value of our common stock or make it more difficult for a party to acquire a controlling interest in our company.

We are authorized to issue up to 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock, of which 281,241 shares have been designated as series A 9% cumulative convertible preferred stock, referred to as the series A preferred stock, and which are currently issued and outstanding. The preferred stock not already designated and issued may be issued in series from time to time with such designations, rights, preferences and limitations as our board of directors may determine by resolution without stockholder approval. While the terms of the series A preferred stock do not currently allow for the issuance of preferred stock having dividend and liquidation preferences greater than or senior to the series A preferred stock, any future issuances of preferred stock may enjoy dividend and liquidation preferences over our common stock, thereby diminishing the value of our common stock. Furthermore, the issuance of preferred stock, as well as any authorized but unreserved common stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible future financings or acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or could discourage a third party from seeking to acquire, a controlling interest in our company.

Our management and directors, as well as the holders of our series A preferred stock, are able to exercise significant control over our management and affairs.

As of December 31, 2008, executive officers and directors, including Richard E. Kessel, Joseph E. Cresci, Roger Ballentine, Kamlesh R. Tejwani, Robert I. Weisberg, John R. Cooper, August Schumacher, Jr., Lon Hatamiya, Steven Kessner, Michael E. Thomas and Dennis Haines, beneficially owned approximately 17.46% of our outstanding common stock. In addition, the three holders of our series A preferred stock, two of which are affiliated with each other, control approximately 18.3% of the total number of votes currently entitled to be cast at any meeting of our stockholders. While there are no voting agreements among them, such persons, as a group, may be able to exercise some level of control over the outcome of matters submitted for stockholder action, including the election of members to our board of directors and the approval of significant change in control transactions. This may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of our company and, therefore, your opportunity to sell your shares in such a transaction. Furthermore, the holders of our series A preferred stock have special approval rights with respect to certain changes to our certificate of incorporation and certain other corporate actions.

The lack of a developed trading market may make it difficult for you to sell shares of our common stock.

While our common stock is currently listed for trading on the NASDAQ Capital Market, trading activity in our common stock has fluctuated and has at times been limited. For example, for the one-month period from June 1, 2009 to June 30, 2009, our daily trading volume ranged from a low of 3,600 shares to a high of 117,200 shares, and averaged 44,400 shares. We cannot guarantee that a consistently active trading market will develop in the future. As a result, a holder of our common stock may find it difficult to dispose of our common stock.

If we fail to continue to meet all applicable continued listing requirements of The NASDAQ Capital Market and NASDAQ determines to delist our common stock, the market liquidity and market price of our common stock could decline.

Our common stock is currently listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market. In order to maintain that listing, we must satisfy minimum financial and other listing requirements. Among these requirements is that our common stock maintain a minimum closing bid price of at least $1.00 per share. If our common stock fails to maintain a minimum closing bid price of at least $1.00 per share for thirty consecutive business days, we will have a 180-day period to regain compliance with the minimum bid price rule. If we fail to regain compliance within such period, our common stock may be subject to delisting from the NASDAQ Capital Market. NASDAQ temporarily suspended its minimum bid price rule effective October 16, 2008 due to overall conditions affecting the stock markets. NASDAQ resumed enforcement of this rule effective August 3, 2009. Our common stock has not had a minimum closing bid price of $1.00 per share since October 20, 2008. If we fail to continue to meet all applicable listing requirements of The NASDAQ Capital Market and NASDAQ determines to delist our common stock, an active trading market for our common stock may not be sustained and the market price of our common stock could decline. In addition, the delisting of our common stock would also trigger a right on the part of the holders of our outstanding shares of series A preferred stock to increase the cumulative dividend rate on such shares from 9% per year to 16% per year. We cannot assure you that we will not ultimately fail to comply with the minimum bid price rule or other NASDAQ listing standards.

The market price for our common stock has been and may continue to be volatile.

 

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The market price for our common stock has been volatile, and it is likely to continue to be so. For instance the closing price of our common stock reached a high of $6.25 in the first quarter of 2008 and a low of $0.28 in the fourth quarter of 2008 and has varied from a low of $0.34 to a high of $0.92 in the first half of 2009. While we cannot state with any certainty the specific reasons for the recent volatility of our stock price, we believe that such volatility could be due to the current financial recession and related economic uncertainties and their impact on the stock market generally as well as on the stock prices of early stage companies such as ours, in addition to the risks and uncertainties regarding our business described elsewhere in this report. In addition, the market price for our common stock could be subject to significant fluctuations in response to variations in quarterly operating results, announcements of technological innovations or new facilities and products by us or our competitors, or our failure to achieve operating results consistent with any securities analysts’ projections of our performance. Furthermore, the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations and volatility that have particularly affected the market price of many emerging growth and development stage companies such as ours. Such fluctuations and volatility have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of such companies. As a result of fluctuations related or unrelated to our performance, the value of our common stock may be materially adversely affected.

We will require and are actively seeking significant additional financing, which may result in our issuing a significant number of shares of our common stock or preferred stock, which in turn may dilute the value of your shares.

We have historically needed to raise capital to fund our operating losses. We expect to continue to incur operating losses through at least 2010. In November 2006, we completed a tax-exempt bond financing in Texas to finance a portion of the construction costs of our Texas facilities, as well as a $15 million private placement of our series A preferred stock and common stock warrants. In October 2007, we completed a public offering resulting in net proceeds to us of approximately $26.6 million. In July 2008, we completed a $7.0 million tax-exempt bond financing in Nebraska to finance a portion of the construction costs of our Grand Island facility. In September 2008, we completed a $62.425 million first tranche tax-exempt bond financing in California to finance a portion of the constructions costs of our proposed California facilities, and anticipate pursuing a proposed $26.02 million second tranche financing. On March 13, 2009 we closed on a sale of $5.0 million original principal amount of our 14% convertible notes due January 1, 2014 for net proceeds of approximately $4.5 million, and we continue to work with our financial advisors to identify and explore various opportunities to raise the capital we require. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to raise sufficient capital on acceptable terms, or at all. The level of funds we are able to raise, if any, will determine the level of development and construction activity that we can pursue and whether we will be able to continue as a going concern. We will require and will continue to seek corporate and project financing to fund our ongoing overhead and growth plans as well as the cost of any development we may decide to pursue for our facilities. Without limiting the foregoing, as described elsewhere in this annual report, we will have to raise significant additional capital in the third quarter of 2009 in order to fund ongoing general and administrative expenses associated with our corporate overhead as well as interest and dividend requirements. We cannot assure you that such capital will be available in sufficient amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Any such financing could be in the form of debt or equity instruments or a combination of debt and equity instruments. To the extent any such financing involves equity or convertible debt, we may issue a significant number of shares of our common stock or preferred stock, which will dilute an existing investment in our common stock, and we may issue such shares at prices that may be lower than the price paid for our common stock by our stockholders. In addition, if we issue shares of preferred stock, such preferred stock may have rights and preferences that are superior to those of our common stock. Indeed, the shares of our series A preferred stock issued in our November 2006 private placement have rights and preferences that are superior to those of our common stock. Because we are authorized to issue shares of additional series of preferred stock, as designated by our board of directors, subject to certain limitations included in the terms of our series A preferred stock, we may issue more shares of preferred stock in the future.

Issuances of common stock or securities convertible into common stock in the future could dilute existing stockholders and adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Of the 50,000,000 shares of authorized common stock, 15,703,034 are issued, 15,608,468 are outstanding and 4,668,978 have been reserved for issuance upon the exercise of options and warrants outstanding as of June 30, 2009. An additional 2,823,660 shares have been reserved for issuance in connection with the conversion of shares of our series A preferred stock issued in our November 2006 private placement. We may also issue warrants to purchase up to 4.99% of our common stock, on a fully diluted basis, to Cargill, Incorporated pursuant to the terms of our business development agreement. In May 2007, we issued warrants to purchase 175,912 shares of our common stock at an exercise price $5.37 per share, representing 1% of our fully diluted common stock at the time to Cargill as required by the business development agreement. Additionally, in October 2007, we issued 5,400,000 shares of common stock in an underwritten public offering. We also have the authority to issue preferred stock as previously described, debt securities convertible into common stock, and options and warrants to purchase shares of our common stock. We may issue shares of common stock or securities convertible into common stock at values below our market price up to a maximum of 19.9% of our outstanding common stock without stockholder approval, which values may be substantially below the price paid for our common stock by our stockholders. We also do not need stockholder approval to issue an unlimited number of shares of common stock or securities convertible into common stock (provided sufficient shares of common stock are authorized and unreserved) at or above the market price for our common stock pursuant to certain NASDAQ Capital Market requirements. Any such issuances could be at values below the price paid for our common stock by our stockholders.

 

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Our outstanding series A preferred stock has rights and preferences superior to that of our common stock, may impair our ability to raise additional financing, may harm our financial condition if we are required to redeem it and could have the effect of discouraging an acquisition or reducing the amount of proceeds available to common stockholders upon such an acquisition.

Our shares of series A preferred stock have rights and preferences which are superior to those of our common stock, including:

 

   

an accruing dividend of 9% on the stated value of each outstanding share of series A preferred stock, payable before the payment of any dividends on our common stock;

 

   

a preference upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Environmental Power equal to 200% of the stated value of each share of preferred stock, plus any accrued but unpaid dividends;

 

   

the right to consent to certain changes to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, and certain other significant corporate actions; and

 

   

the right to a payment equal to 150% of the stated value of each outstanding share of Series A preferred stock upon certain change-in-control events.

Our series A preferred stock may also have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. With certain exceptions, including exceptions for permitted indebtedness, as defined, we have agreed to limit our ability to incur additional indebtedness while such preferred stock is outstanding. Subject to other exceptions, we have also agreed with series A holders not to issue stock senior to or on a par with series A preferred stock. These constraints could materially and adversely affect our ability to raise funds necessary to continue our business. In addition, the series A preferred stock provides for various triggering events, such as our common stock not being listed for trading on the American Stock Exchange, NASDAQ Global Market, NASDAQ Capital Market or New York Stock Exchange, the failure to deliver shares of our common stock upon conversion and specified change of control transactions. Several other triggering events are described in the certificate of designations, preferences and rights of the series A preferred stock. If one of these triggering events occurs, we may be required to redeem all or part of the outstanding shares of series A preferred stock at 120% of their stated value (150% in the case of certain change in control transactions), including payment of accrued dividends and penalties, or the dividend rate on the series A preferred stock may be increased from 9% per year to 16% per year, depending on the triggering event and the elections made by the holders of the series A preferred stock. Some of the triggering events include matters over which we may have some, little, or no control. Any such redemption could leave us with little or no working capital for our business. Furthermore, by virtue of their voting power and other rights and preferences, the outstanding series A preferred stock could have the effect of blocking or discouraging certain acquisitions of our company or reducing the proceeds available to common stockholders as a result of any such acquisitions.

We do not intend to pay cash dividends on our common stock.

We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock since 2001, and we do not expect to pay cash dividends on our common stock at any time in the foreseeable future. The future payment of dividends directly depends upon the future earnings, capital requirements, financial requirements and other factors that our board of directors will consider, and is subject to the prior payment of all accrued but unpaid dividends on our series A preferred stock. Furthermore, the terms of our series A preferred stock prohibit the payment of dividends on our common stock while any shares of our series A preferred stock are outstanding. Because we do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock, the return on any investment in our common stock will depend solely on a change, if any, in the market value of our common stock.

 

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

 

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Our Series A 9% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock accrues dividends at the rate of 9% per annum payable semi-annually on January 1 and July 1 of each year. As of the date of this report, the semi-annual dividend payment of $667,088 due on July 1, 2009 had not been paid and remains in arrears.

 

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

Not applicable

 

Item 5. Other Information

Not applicable

 

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Item 6. Exhibits

The exhibits listed in the accompanying exhibit index are filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are incorporated herein by reference.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

ENVIRONMENTAL POWER CORPORATION
By:  

/s/ Michael E. Thomas

  Michael E. Thomas
  Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
  (principal financial and accounting officer and authorized officer)
August 10, 2009

 

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Exhibit Index

 

Exhibit No.

  

Description

  4.1    Amendment and Supplement No. 1 to Indenture and First Supplemental Trust Indenture, dated as of May 1, 2009, between Environmental Power Corporation, as Issuer, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated May 22, 2009 (SEC File No. 001-32393)).
  4.2    Form of Restricted Certificate for the 14% Convertible Notes due January 1, 2014 (contained in Exhibit 4.1).
10.1*    Cooperation Agreement, dated as of April 23, 2009, among Environmental Power Corporation, Microgy, Inc., Xergi, A.S. and Danish Biogas Technology, A.S. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated April 23, 2009 (SEC File No. 001-32393)).
31.1    Rule 13a-14(a)/15(d)-14(a) Certifications of Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer
31.2    Rule 13a-14(a)/15(d)-14(a) Certifications of Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer
32.1    Section 1350 Certifications of the Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer
32.2    Section 1350 Certifications of the Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer

 

* Confidential treatment granted as to certain portions.

 

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