Table of Contents | |
SHELTON GREATER CHINA FUND | 3 |
SHELTON BDC INCOME FUND | 6 |
SHELTON REAL ESTATE INCOME FUND | 9 |
SHELTON TACTICAL CREDIT FUND | 12 |
SHELTON INTERNATIONAL SELECT EQUITY FUND | 15 |
Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares | 18 |
Investment Objectives and Principal Strategies | 18 |
Investment Risks | 21 |
Additional Risks | 24 |
Fund Organization and Management | 24 |
How to Buy Shares | 25 |
How to Sell Shares | 26 |
Other Important Policies Related to Buying and Selling Shares | 27 |
Other Policies | 28 |
Dividends and Taxes | 29 |
Notice of Privacy Policy | 32 |
Financial Highlights | 34 |
2
SHELTON GREATER CHINA FUND Ticker Symbol: SGCFX
*** IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING PROPOSED FUND REORGANIZATION ***
Based on a recommendation by Shelton Capital Management, the adviser to the Fund, the Board of Trustees of the SCM Trust (the “Trust”) has approved a proposed reorganization (the “Reorganization”) of the Fund into the International Select Equity Fund (the “Acquiring Fund”), subject to the approval of the shareholders of the Fund.
To accomplish the Reorganization, the Board approved an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Plan”). The Plan provides for the acquisition of substantially all the assets of the Fund by the Acquiring Fund in exchange solely for Institutional Class shares of the Acquiring Fund, which would be distributed pro rata by the Fund to the holders of Fund shares in complete liquidation of the Fund. Shareholders of the Fund will become shareholders the Institutional Class shares of the Acquiring Fund, receiving Institutional Class shares of the Acquiring Fund equal in value to the shares of the Fund held by the shareholders immediately prior to the Reorganization. The effect of the Reorganization will be that the Fund’s shareholders will become Institutional Class shareholders of the Acquiring Fund. The Reorganizations intended to qualify as a tax-free transaction for federal income tax purposes.
The Trust will call a shareholder meeting at which shareholders of the Fund will be asked to consider and vote on the Plan. If shareholders of the Fund approve the Reorganization, the Reorganization is expected to take effect in the second quarter of 2018.
Shareholders of the Fund will receive a combined prospectus/proxy statement with additional information about the shareholder meeting, the proposed Reorganization, and the Acquiring Fund. Please read the proxy materials carefully, as they will contain a more detailed description of the proposed Reorganization.
You should read the combined prospectus/proxy statement when it is available because it contains important information. You will also be able to obtain free copies of the combined prospectus/proxy statement at the Securities and Exchange Commission website at www.sec.gov once the combined prospectus/proxy statements have been mailed. You can also obtain free copies of the Fund’s Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, as well as the Fund’s Annual Report, by calling 1-800-955-9988, by writing the Trust at 1050 17th Street, Suite 1710, Denver, Colorado 80265, or by visiting www.sheltoncap.com.
The participants in the proxy solicitation include SCM Trust, Shelton Capital Management, and the Trustees of SCM Trust.
Information regarding the Fund shares owned by Shelton Capital Management, by certain Shelton Capital Management employees and principals, and by each Trustee of the SCM Trust can be found in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information, which can be obtained by calling 1-800-955-9988, by writing the Trust at 1050 17th Street, Suite 1710, Denver, Colorado 80265, or by visiting www.sheltoncap.com.
Investment Objective
The Fund’s investment objective is long-term capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.
Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment) | 2.00% |
Sales and redemption charges | none |
Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) | |
Management fees | 1.25% |
Distribution (12b-1) fees | none |
Other expenses | 1.37% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expense | 2.62% |
Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement(1) | (0.64)% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and/ or Expense Reimbursement | 1.98% |
(1) | The Fund’s Advisor, Shelton Capital Management, has contractually agreed to reimburse expenses incurred by the Fund to the extent that total annual fund operating expenses (excluding extraordinary expenses such as litigation or merger and reorganization expenses, for example) exceed 1.98% until May 1, 2019. This agreement may only be terminated with the approval of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Shelton may be reimbursed for any foregone advisory fees or unreimbursed expenses within three fiscal years following a particular reduction or expense, but only to the extent the reimbursement does not cause the Fund to exceed applicable expense limits, and the effect of the reimbursement is measured after all ordinary operating expenses are calculated. Any such reimbursement is subject to the review and approval of the Fund’s Board of Trustees. |
Example of Expenses
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
1 year | 3 years | 5 years | 10 years |
$201 | $754 | $1,333 | $2,907 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 25% of the average value of its portfolio.
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Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund’s seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing primarily in companies that (i) are domiciled in, or traded on exchanges located in, the Greater China region, specifically Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and the People’s Republic of China or (ii) have derived or are expected to derive in the company’s current fiscal year (measured as of the time of original investment) a significant portion (at least 50%) of their revenues by exporting to or importing from, trading with, or operating in, mainland China. A company meeting the requirements of either items (i) or (ii) of the previous sentence is defined as a “Greater China company.” Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets in the common and preferred stocks of Greater China companies. Net assets would typically include borrowings for investment purposes; however, the Fund has no present intent to borrow.
A company is considered to be domiciled in, or traded on exchanges located in, a country if it (i) is organized under the laws of that country, or (ii) derives at least 50% of its revenues or profits from goods produced or sold, investments made, services performed, or has at least 50% of its assets located within that country, or (iii) has the primary trading markets for its securities in that country, or (iv) is controlled by a governmental entity or agency, instrumentality or a political subdivision of that country.
The Advisor implements its investment strategy by first using a proprietary “life-cycle” screen to narrow the Fund’s investable universe. The Advisor then uses a fundamental, “bottom-up” research selection and disciplined portfolio construction process which is focused on identifying stocks that the Advisor believes have the ability to generate sustainable returns, regardless of sector or country. The Advisor’s “life-cycle” screen classifies companies according to one of the following five categories:
• | Innovation: Companies characterized as having high level of capital investment and below the cost of capital returns. |
• | Expansion: Companies characterized by aggressive investment to compound their high and rising returns, achieving a peak in both growth and cash flow returns. |
• | Deceleration: Companies characterized as having very high returns, combined with good, but slowing growth prospects. |
• | Maturity: Companies characterized as earning a small positive spread above the cost of capital. |
• | Distress: Companies characterized as having returns driven down below the cost of capital. |
The Advisor’s investment team actively invests across all five categories of the “life-cycle,” building a diversified portfolio of high-growth, high-return, income-oriented and distressed investments. In managing the portfolio, the investment team seeks to balance the portfolio’s risk and return by maximizing stock specific risk (risk from security selection) while at the same time minimizing systematic factor risks (which includes, but is not limited to, sector selection, country selection, currency management). The Fund may engage in frequent and active trading of securities as a part of its principal investment strategy. The Advisor will sell or reallocate a Fund’s securities if the Advisor believes the issuer of such securities no longer meets certain growth criteria, if certain political and economic events occur, or if it believes that more attractive opportunities are available. The team strives to preserve capital as part of its investment process. The Advisor may elect to purchase futures contracts and/or options to attempt to remain fully invested in the markets. The percentage of futures held in the portfolio will typically not exceed the cash (or cash equivalents) balance of the Fund.
Principal Risks
An investment in the Fund is subject to various risks, including the risk that you may receive little or no return on your investment or you may lose all or part of it. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. The Fund may change its investment objective without shareholder approval, although it has no current intention to do so. Shareholders will be provided 60 days’ prior written notice of any change to the Fund’s investment objective. By itself, the Fund does not constitute a balanced investment program. Before investing in the Fund, you should consider carefully the following risks:
Currency Risk. There is the risk that the value of one or more of the foreign currencies in which the Fund's investments are denominated (these are anticipated to be: the US dollar, the Renminbi, the Hong Kong dollar, the New Taiwan dollar and the Singapore dollar) will increase or decrease against the value of the U.S. dollar, which will affect the value of the Fund’s share price. The value of a foreign investment may decline in U.S. dollar terms because of the changing value of a currency. This is referred to as that currency weakening against the U.S. dollar. While the Fund may hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Therefore, you should carefully consider the risk of currency devaluations and fluctuations and the effect these may have on the Fund in determining whether to invest in the Fund. Additionally, countries in the Greater China region may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls could impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income. Such controls may also affect the value of the Fund’s holdings.
Currency Hedging Risk. While hedging can reduce or eliminate losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains. Hedges are sometimes subject to imperfect matching between the derivative used to hedge currency risk and its reference asset, and there can be no assurance that a Fund’s hedging transactions will be effective.
Foreign currency forward contracts do not eliminate movements in the value of non-U.S. currencies and securities but rather allow a Fund to establish a fixed rate of exchange for a future point in time. Exchange rates may be volatile and may change quickly and unpredictably. In addition, a Fund’s currency exposure may not be fully-hedged at all times. A Fund may not be able to structure its hedging transactions as anticipated or its hedging transactions may not successfully reduce the currency risk included in the Fund’s portfolio.
Emerging Markets. Certain countries of the Greater China region are considered emerging markets. Securities of companies located or invested in emerging markets may be more volatile than the securities of domestic issuers or the securities of foreign issuers located or invested in developed markets. The countries in which emerging markets are located often have less mature economies and government institutions. The economies of emerging markets are often heavily dependent on international trade, which may cause them to be adversely affected by trade barriers, foreign exchange controls and other protectionist measures implemented by foreign governments. Investments in emerging markets may be adversely affected by economic, political and social unrest, and are exposed to special risks, including expropriation, nationalization, confiscation, repatriation of invested capital, the imposition of investment restrictions and the lack of hedging positions. The securities and real estate markets of some emerging market countries have experienced substantial market disruptions and may do so in the future.
Equity Risk. The Fund’s shares will be sensitive to the fluctuation of the stock prices for companies in which it invests. The value of equity investments tends to rise and fall more rapidly than other investments such as fixed income and money market instruments and the net result would be more volatility. Additionally, because the Fund’s strategy is to invest a significant portion of its net assets in the common stocks of Greater China companies, there is a risk that an issuer that is treated as an eligible portfolio company because it is expected to derive a significant portion of its revenues from exports to or operations in mainland China may not actually derive a significant portion of its revenues from Chinese exports or operations. As a result, the Fund’s portfolio may not be as closely linked to the Chinese economy.
Greater China Market Risk. The securities markets of the Greater China region are not as large as the U.S. securities markets and have substantially less trading volume, which may result in a lack of liquidity and high price volatility relative to the U.S. securities markets.
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Manager Risk. Shelton Capital Management’s opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of a company or security may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue the company or security. Shelton Capital Management may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for the Fund.
Political, Social and Economic Risk. Investments in the Greater China region involve certain risks and special considerations not typically associated with investments in the United States, such as greater government control over the economy, political and legal uncertainty and the risk that the Chinese government may decide not to continue to support economic reform programs and the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets. The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by these political, economic, social and religious instabilities, as well as inadequate investor protection, changes in laws or regulations of countries within the Asian region (including countries in which the Fund invests, as well as the broader region), international relations with other nations, natural disasters, medical emergencies, corruption and military activity. The Greater China region, and particularly China, may be adversely affected by political, military, economic and other factors related to North Korea. In addition, China's border disputes with many of its neighbors and historically strained relations with Japan could adversely impact economies in the region. The economies of many countries in the Greater China region differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects, such as rate of growth, inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, the national balance of payments position and sensitivity to changes in global trade. Certain countries in the Greater China region are highly dependent upon and may be affected by developments in the United States, Europe and other economies in the Greater China region.
Reporting Standards Risk. Accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements in the securities markets of the Greater China region differ, in some cases significantly, from those applicable to U.S. issuers. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of a foreign issuer may not reflect its financial position or results of operations in the way they would be reflected had the financial statement been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Inflation accounting may indirectly generate losses or profits. Consequently, financial data may be materially affected by restatements for inflation and may not accurately reflect the real condition of those issuers and securities markets. Substantially less information is publicly available about certain non-U.S. issuers than is available about U.S. issuers.
Bar Chart and Performance Table
The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling 1-(800) 955-9988.
Best Quarter: 26.02% (Q3, 2009)
Worst Quarter: -27.15% (Q4, 2008)
Year to date performance as of 12/31/17: 34.85%
Date of inception: 5/12/1989
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.
Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/17)
Shelton Greater China Fund | 1 year | 5 years | 10 years |
Return Before Taxes | 34.85% | 7.20% | 2.31% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions | 33.58% | 6.21% | 1.84% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares | 19.69% | 5.11% | 1.55% |
MSCI Golden Dragon Index (net of foreign withholding taxes) | 30.15% | 10.84% | 6.17% |
It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.
Fund Management
Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. Mr. Andrew Manton is portfolio manager of the Shelton Greater China Fund.
Other Important Information about Fund Shares
For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section on page 18 of this prospectus.
5
SHELTON BDC INCOME FUND Ticker Symbols: LOAIX and LOANX
Investment Objective
The Fund’s investment objective is to provide a high level of income with the potential for capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.
Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment) | LOAIX | LOANX |
Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) | ||
Management fees | 0.90% | 0.90% |
Distribution (12b-1) fees | none | 0.25% |
Other expenses | 0.88% | 0.89% |
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses(1) |
9.14% | 9.14% |
(fees and expenses incurred directly by the Fund as a result of investment in shares of one or more Acquired Funds) | ||
Total annual operating expenses | 10.92% | 11.18% |
Expense Reimbursement(2) | (0.53)% | (0.54)% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement | 10.39% | 10.64% |
(1) | ‘‘Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses’’ are the indirect costs of investing in other investment companies. The operating expenses in this fee table will not correlate to the expense ratio in the Fund’s financial highlights because the financial statements include only the direct operating expenses incurred by the Fund. |
(2) | The Fund’s Advisor, Shelton Capital Management, has contractually agreed to reimburse expenses incurred by the Fund to the extent that total annual fund operating expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary expenses such as litigation or merger and reorganization expenses, for example) exceed 1.25% and 1.50% until May 1, 2019. This agreement may only be terminated with the approval of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Shelton may be reimbursed for any foregone advisory fees or unreimbursed expenses within three fiscal years following a particular reduction or expense, but only to the extent the reimbursement does not cause the Fund to exceed applicable expense limits, and the effect of the reimbursement is measured after all ordinary operating expenses are calculated. Any such reimbursement is subject to the review and approval of the Fund’s Board of Trustees. |
Example of Expenses
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
1 year | 3 years | 5 years | 10 years | |
LOAIX | $130 | $512 | $918 | $2,053 |
LOANX | $153 | $587 | $1,048 | $2,326 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example of Expenses, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 118% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund invests substantially all (and under normal market conditions, at least 80%) of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in common stocks and other equity securities of business development companies (‘‘BDCs’’) that are traded on one or more nationally recognized securities exchanges.
The equity securities in which the Fund may invest consist of:
• | common stocks; |
• | securities convertible into common stocks; and |
• | preferred stocks. |
In addition, although the Fund typically invests in equity securities, the Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in debt securities of BDCs and other issuers of any maturity, duration or credit rating.
BDCs are publicly-held, closed-end investment funds that are regulated by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the ‘‘1940 Act’’). BDCs primarily lend to or invest in private or thinly-traded companies. They also offer managerial assistance to the companies in which they invest. BDCs must adhere to various substantive regulatory requirements under the 1940 Act. For example, the 1940 Act restricts the types of assets in which a BDC may invest (i.e., at least 70% of the BDC’s total assets must be ‘‘qualifying assets,’’ as defined in the 1940 Act). The 1940 Act also regulates how BDCs employ ‘‘leverage’’ (i.e., how BDCs use borrowed funds to make investments). Because the 1940 Act applies unique ‘‘coverage ratio’’ tests to BDCs, BDCs may incur more debt than other regulated closed-end investment companies. Specifically, on one hand, the total assets of a closed-end investment company (other than a BDC) must exceed the fund’s outstanding debt by at least 300%. On the other hand, the total assets of a BDC must exceed the BDC’s outstanding debt by only 200%, thereby allowing a BDC to employ more leverage than other regulated closed-end investment companies. Leverage magnifies the potential for gain and loss on amounts invested and, as a result, increases the risks associated with the securities of leveraged companies.
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The Advisor evaluates equity securities primarily on the BDC’s or other issuer’s ability to sustain its current dividend and secondarily considers the potential for capital appreciation. The Advisor intends to allocate the Fund’s assets among BDCs that, in its view, are paying attractive rates of distribution and appear capable of sustaining that distribution level over time. The Advisor incorporates into its assessment, among other factors, dividend yield, price to book, financial operations, portfolio of investments and management quality. The Advisor will also consider the amount of leverage employed by a BDC or other issuer before deciding to invest in its securities. In selecting securities for investment, the Advisor generally seeks to invest in securities with relatively high distribution rates, and that it believes will continue to pay distributions at those rates for the foreseeable future. Distributions from such securities may consist of income, capital gains and/or return of capital and cannot be guaranteed to continue.
When selecting securities for the Fund, the Advisor may utilize fundamental, technical and other related methodologies to determine the intrinsic value of a security. Examples of fundamental methodologies include consideration of a stock’s financials, economic factors that might impact the stock, and the qualitative and quantitative factors. Technical methodologies generally refer to the consideration of past market data, primarily using price and volume data. The Advisor expects that it will sell a security if, in the judgment of the portfolio manager, the security’s income potential has been compromised, an issuer’s fundamentals have deteriorated or may deteriorate or a more attractive investment opportunity is identified.
Principal Risks of Investing
You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide range. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:
BDC Risk. The Fund primarily invests in securities issued by publicly-traded BDCs. As a result, the Fund’s portfolio will be significantly affected by the performance of the BDCs in which the Fund invests and the performance of such BDCs’ portfolio companies, as well as the overall economic environment. The Fund may be exposed to greater risk and experience higher volatility than would a portfolio that was not focused on investing in BDCs.
BDCs primarily invest in privately-held and thinly-traded companies. These types of portfolio companies are generally considered to be below investment grade, and the debt securities of those companies, in turn, are often referred to as ‘‘high-yield’’ or ‘‘junk.’’ The revenues, income (or losses) and valuations of these companies can, and often do, fluctuate suddenly and dramatically, and they face considerable risk of loss. In addition, the fair value of a BDC’s investments in privately-held or thinly-traded companies often is not readily determinable. Although each BDC’s board of directors is responsible for determining the fair value of these securities, the uncertainty regarding fair value may adversely affect the determination of the BDC’s net asset value (‘‘NAV’’). This could cause the Fund’s investments in a BDC to be inaccurately valued.
BDCs often borrow funds to make investments and, as a result, are exposed to the risks of leverage. Leverage magnifies the potential loss on amounts invested and therefore increases the risks associated with an investment in a leveraged BDC’s securities. Leverage is generally considered a speculative investment technique. Moreover, BDCs’ management fees, which are generally higher than the management fees charged to other funds, are normally payable on gross assets, including those assets acquired through the use of leverage. This may give a BDC’s investment advisor a financial incentive to incur leverage.
Convertible Securities Risk. Investments in convertible securities generally entail less risk than investments in an issuer’s common stock because convertible securities rank senior to common stock in an issuer’s capital structure. The extent to which such risk is reduced depends in large part upon the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed-income security. Convertible securities are subordinate in rank to any senior debt obligations of an issuer, and, therefore, entail more risk than the issuer’s debt obligations. Convertible securities generally offer lower interest than non-convertible debt securities of similar credit quality due to the potential for capital appreciation and are often lower-rated securities.
Credit Risk. An issuer or guarantor of a debt security may be unable or unwilling to make scheduled payments of interest and principal. Actual or perceived deterioration in an issuer’s or guarantor’s financial condition may affect a security’s value.
Credit Risk of Underlying Investments. The Fund is indirectly exposed to the credit risk associated with the debt investments of the BDCs in which the Fund invests. BDCs invest in small companies in the initial stages of development. The types of portfolio companies in which BDCs invest are generally considered to be below investment grade, and the debt securities of those companies, in turn, are often referred to as ‘‘high-yield’’ or ‘‘junk.’’ There is an increased risk that such a portfolio company will fail to make payments on its debts as compared to more developed companies. If a portfolio company fails to make payments to a BDC, the BDC’s performance could be negatively affected and, to the extent that the Fund invests in the BDC, the value of the Fund’s investment in the BDC may be negatively affected as well.
Economic and Political Risks. These effects may be short-term by causing a change in the market that is corrected in a year or less, or they may have long-term impacts which may cause changes in the market that may last for many years. Some factors may affect changes in one sector of the economy or one stock, but don’t have an impact on the overall market. The particular sector of the economy or the individual stock may be affected for a short or long-term.
Equity Risk. Equity securities can be volatile and may decline in value because of changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of their issuers or other events affecting their issuers. The Fund’s target index may, at times, become focused in stocks of a particular sector, category or group of companies, which could cause Fund to underperform the overall stock market.
High-Yield (‘‘Junk’’) Bond Risk. Compared to higher quality debt securities, high-yield bonds (commonly referred to as ‘‘junk’’ bonds) involve a greater risk of default or price changes due to changes in the credit quality of the issuer because they are generally unsecured and may be subordinated to other creditors’ claims. The values of junk bonds often fluctuate more in response to company, political, regulatory or economic developments than higher quality bonds. Their values can decline significantly over short periods of time or during periods of economic difficulty when the bonds could be difficult to value or sell at a fair price. Credit ratings on junk bonds do not necessarily reflect their actual market value. Through its investments in BDCs, Fund is indirectly exposed to the credit risks associated with in BDCs’ debt investments. The portfolio companies in which BDCs invest are generally considered to be below investment grade, and the debt securities of those companies, in turn, are often referred to as high-yield or junk. In addition, debt securities issued by a BDC may also be considered to be non-investment grade or junk.
Investment in Other Investment Companies Risk. The Fund’s investment in other investment companies, including BDCs, may subject the Fund indirectly to the underlying risks of those investment companies. The Fund also will bear its share of each underlying investment company’s fees and expenses, which are in addition to the Fund’s own fees and expenses. Shares of an investment company may trade at prices that reflect a premium above or a discount below NAV, and such premium or discount may be substantial. If an investment company’s shares are purchased at a premium to NAV, the premium may not exist when those shares are sold, and the Fund could incur a loss.
BDCs, like other investment companies, are often parties to contractual agreements under which a BDC’s investment advisor or another third-party agrees to waive fees or pay a portion of the BDC’s expenses. Once the contract terminates or ends, the BDC’s expenses may increase and, as a result, the acquired fund fees and expenses paid by the Fund’s shareholders may increase as well. Further, the acquired fund fees and expenses paid by the Fund’s shareholders may increase further if the BDC’s investment advisor or another third-party seeks to recoup any previously waived fees or paid expenses.
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Large Shareholder Risk. To the extent that shares of the Fund are held by large shareholders, the Fund is subject to the risk that these shareholders will redeem Fund shares in large amounts. These transactions could adversely affect the Fund if it is forced to sell portfolio securities to raise the cash that is necessary to satisfy shareholder redemption requests. This risk is particularly pronounced when one shareholder owns a substantial portion of the Fund.
Liquidity Risk. The Fund may not be able to purchase or sell a security in a timely manner or at desired prices or achieve its desired weighting in a security. Liquidity risk may result from the lack of an active market or a reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities, and may be magnified under circumstances that cause increased supply in the market due to unusually high selling activity.
Manager Risk. Shelton Capital Management’s opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of a company or security may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue the company or security. Shelton Capital Management may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for the Fund.
Market Exposure Risk. Investment prices may increase or decrease, sometimes suddenly and unpredictably, due to general market conditions. The Fund is primarily invested in the U.S. stock markets. As with any investment whose performance is linked to these markets, the value of an investment in the Fund will change. During a declining stock market, investment in this Fund would lose money.
MidCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of relatively smaller capitalization within the midcap range of companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Relatively smaller capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is classified as a non-diversified management investment company under the 1940 Act. This means that the Fund may invest a greater portion of its assets in a limited number of issuers than would be the case if the Fund were classified as a diversified management investment company. The value of a specific security can perform differently from the market as a whole for reasons related to the issuer, such as operational performance, financial leverage and investment-level performance. The value of the Fund may decrease in response to the activities and financial prospects of an individual security in the Fund’s portfolio. Additionally, the Fund may be subject to greater risk, because the Fund’s performance may be more sensitive to any single economic, business, political or regulatory occurrence than the value of shares of a diversified investment company.
Preferred Stock Risk. There are various risks associated with investing in preferred stock, including credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk, deferral and omission of distributions, subordination to bonds and other debt securities in a company’s capital structure, limited liquidity, limited voting rights and special redemption rights.
SmallCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of smaller capitalization companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Small capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.
Bar Chart and Performance Table
The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling (800) 955-9988.
Best Quarter: 8.28% (Q3, 2016)
Worst Quarter: -7.20% (Q3, 2015)
Year to date performance as of 12/31/17: 3.73%
Date of inception: 04/22/2014
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.
Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/17)
BDC Income Fund (Institutional Class - LOAIX) | 1 year | Period
From Inception |
Return Before Taxes | 3.73% | 3.65% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions | 1.14% | 0.81% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares | 2.14% | 1.46% |
Wells Fargo BDC Index | -9.09% | 2.67% |
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It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.
Fund Management
Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. Mr. John Harnisch has served as a member of the portfolio management team since the Fund’s inception. Mr. William Mock has served as a member of the BDC Income Fund portfolio management team since March 2017.
Other Important Information about Fund Shares
For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section on page 18 of this prospectus.
SHELTON REAL ESTATE INCOME FUND Ticker Symbols: RENIX and RENTX
Investment Objective
The Fund’s investment objective is to provide current income with the potential for capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.
Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment) | RENIX | RENTX |
Sales and redemption charges | none | none |
Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) | ||
Management fees | 0.80% | 0.80% |
Distribution (12b-1) fees | none | 0.25% |
Other expenses | 1.30% | 1.30% |
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses(1) (fees and expenses incurred directly by the Fund as a result of investment in shares of one or more Acquired Funds) |
0.02% | 0.02% |
Total annual operating expenses | 2.12% | 2.37% |
Expense Reimbursement(2) | (0.93)% | (0.93)% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement | 1.19% | 1.44% |
(1) | ‘‘Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses’’ are the indirect costs of investing in other investment companies. The operating expenses in this fee table will not correlate to the expense ratio in the Fund’s financial highlights because the financial statements include only the direct operating expenses incurred by the Fund. |
(2) | The Fund’s Advisor, Shelton Capital Management, has contractually agreed to reimburse expenses incurred by the Fund to the extent that total annual fund operating expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary expenses such as litigation or merger and reorganization expenses, for example) exceed 1.17% and 1.42% until May 1, 2019. This agreement may only be terminated with the approval of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Shelton may be reimbursed for any foregone advisory fees or unreimbursed expenses within three fiscal years following a particular reduction or expense, but only to the extent the reimbursement does not cause the Fund to exceed applicable expense limits, and the effect of the reimbursement is measured after all ordinary operating expenses are calculated. Any such reimbursement is subject to the review and approval of the Fund’s Board of Trustees. |
Example of Expenses
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
1 year | 3 years | 5 years | 10 years | |
RENIX | $119 | $568 | $1,043 | $2,357 |
RENTX | $145 | $644 | $1,171 | $2,615 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example of Expenses, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 41% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund’s principal investment strategies described in this Prospectus are the strategies that the Advisor believes are most likely to be important in achieving the Fund’s investment objective.
The Advisor intends to allocate the Fund’s assets among real estate securities that, in the view of the Advisor, represent attractive investment opportunities. The Advisor evaluates securities based primarily on the relative attractiveness of income and secondarily considers the potential for capital appreciation. The Advisor seeks to allocate the Fund’s assets such that the Fund may benefit from the performance of various sectors of the real estate market. In selecting securities for investment, the Advisor assesses the likely risks and returns of the different alternative investment opportunities and evaluates the potential correlation among the investments under consideration. The Advisor generally seeks to invest in securities for which the expected risk-adjusted yields are determined to be attractive and are likely to have low correlations among each other and with the broader securities markets. When determining an asset
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allocation, the Advisor may utilize fundamental, technical and other related methodologies to determine the intrinsic value of an underlying security. The Advisor may strategically rebalance its investment strategies according to the current market conditions, but will remain true to its fundamental analysis with respect to real estate asset class diversification across sector risk over time. The Advisor manages investments with a long-term view while being mindful of the historical context of the markets. The Advisor plans to sell a security if, in the judgment of the portfolio managers, the security’s income potential has been compromised, an issuer’s fundamentals have deteriorated or may deteriorate or a more attractive investment opportunity is identified.
Real Estate Securities. The Fund concentrates its investments in real estate securities. For purposes of the Fund’s investment policies, a ‘‘real estate security’’ is a security issued by a real estate company, which the Fund considers to be a company that either:
• | derives at least 50% of its revenues from the ownership, construction, financing, management or sale of commercial, industrial or residential real estate and land; or |
• | has at least 50% of its assets invested in such real estate. |
The Fund invests substantially all (and under normal market conditions, at least 80%) of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in income producing real estate securities, including securities issued by real estate investment trusts (REITs).
The securities in which the Fund invests consist of:
• | REITs |
• | common stocks |
• | rights or warrants to purchase common stocks |
• | foreign securities |
• | depositary receipts |
• | securities convertible into common stocks where the conversion feature represents, in the Advisor’s view, a significant element of the securities’ value |
• | preferred stocks |
• | corporate debt obligations, including high-yield debt securities (commonly referred to as ‘‘junk’’ bonds) |
• | Commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) |
The Fund may invest in securities across all market capitalization ranges. Although the Advisor anticipates that the Fund will invest a substantial portion of its assets in equity securities, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its net assets in debt securities of any maturity, duration or credit rating.
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities.
Principal Investment Risks
You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide range. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:
Convertible Securities Risk. Investments in convertible securities generally entail less risk than investments in an issuer’s common stock because convertible securities rank senior to common stock in an issuer’s capital structure. The extent to which such risk is reduced depends in large part upon the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed-income security. Convertible securities are subordinate in rank to any senior debt obligations of an issuer, and, therefore, entail more risk than the issuer’s debt obligations. Convertible securities generally offer lower interest than non-convertible debt securities of similar credit quality due to the potential for capital appreciation and are often lower-rated securities.
Credit Risk. An issuer or guarantor of a debt security may be unable or unwilling to make scheduled payments of interest and principal. Actual or perceived deterioration in an issuer’s or guarantor’s financial condition may affect a security’s value.
Debt Securities Risk. When the Fund invests in debt securities, the value of the Fund’s investment will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of debt securities. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will increase or decrease more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities. Other risk factors include credit risk (the debtor may default) and prepayment risk (the debtor may pay its obligation early, reducing the amount of interest payments). These risks could affect the value of a particular investment, possibly causing the Fund’s share price and total return to be reduced and fluctuate more than other types of investments.
Economic and Political Risks. These effects may be short-term by causing a change in the market that is corrected in a year or less, or they may have long-term impacts which may cause changes in the market that may last for many years. Some factors may affect changes in one sector of the economy or one stock, but don’t have an impact on the overall market. The particular sector of the economy or the individual stock may be affected for a short or long-term.
Equity Risk. Equity securities can be volatile and may decline in value because of changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of their issuers or other events affecting their issuers. The Fund’s target index may, at times, become focused in stocks of a particular sector, category or group of companies, which could cause Fund to underperform the overall stock market.
High-Yield (‘‘Junk’’) Bond Risk. Compared to higher quality debt securities, high-yield bonds (commonly referred to as ‘‘junk’’ bonds) involve a greater risk of default or price changes due to changes in the credit quality of the issuer because they are generally unsecured and may be subordinated to other creditors’ claims. The values of junk bonds often fluctuate more in response to company, political, regulatory or economic developments than higher quality bonds. Their values can decline significantly over short periods of time or during periods of economic difficulty when the bonds could be difficult to value or sell at a fair price. Credit ratings on junk bonds do not necessarily reflect their actual market value.
Large Shareholder Risk. To the extent that shares of the Fund are held by large shareholders, the Fund is subject to the risk that these shareholders will redeem Fund shares in large amounts. These transactions could adversely affect the Fund if it is forced to sell portfolio securities to raise the cash that is necessary to satisfy shareholder redemption requests. This risk is particularly pronounced when one shareholder owns a substantial portion of the Fund.
Liquidity Risk. The Fund may not be able to purchase or sell a security in a timely manner or at desired prices or achieve its desired weighting in a security. Liquidity risk may result from the lack of an active market or a reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities, and may be magnified under circumstances that cause increased supply in the market due to unusually high selling activity.
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Manager Risk. Shelton Capital Management’s opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of a company or security may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue the company or security. Shelton Capital Management may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for the Fund.
Market Exposure Risk. Investment prices may increase or decrease, sometimes suddenly and unpredictably, due to general market conditions. The Fund is primarily invested in the U.S. stock markets. As with any investment whose performance is linked to these markets, the value of an investment in the Fund will change. During a declining stock market, investment in this Fund would lose money.
Mortgage-Backed Securities Risk. Mortgage-backed securities are subject to prepayment or call risk (i.e., the risks that the borrower’s payments may be received earlier or later than expected due to changes in prepayment rates on underlying loans. Faster prepayments often happen when interest rates are falling. As a result, a Fund may reinvest these early payments at lower interest rates, thereby reducing the Fund’s income. Conversely, when interest rates rise, prepayments may happen more slowly, causing the security to lengthen in duration. Longer duration securities tend to be more volatile. Securities may be prepaid at a price less than the original purchase value. An unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may adversely affect the value of mortgage-backed securities and could result in losses to a Fund. The risk of such defaults is generally higher in the case of mortgage pools that include subprime mortgages. Subprime mortgages refer to loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories or with lower capacity to make timely payments on their mortgages. Many of the risks of investing in CMBS reflect the risks of investing in the real estate securing the underlying mortgage loans. These risks reflect the effects of local and other economic conditions on real estate markets, the ability of tenants to make loan payments and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants. CMBS may be less liquid and exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is classified as a non-diversified management investment company under the 1940 Act. This means that the Fund may invest a greater portion of its assets in a limited number of issuers than would be the case if the Fund were classified as a diversified management investment company. The value of a specific security can perform differently from the market as a whole for reasons related to the issuer, such as operational performance, financial leverage and investment-level performance. The value of the Fund may decrease in response to the activities and financial prospects of an individual security in the Fund’s portfolio. Additionally, the Fund may be subject to greater risk, because the Fund’s performance may be more sensitive to any single economic, business, political or regulatory occurrence than the value of shares of a diversified investment company.
Non-U.S. currency risk. Non-U.S. currencies may decline relative to the U.S. dollar, which reduces the unhedged value of securities denominated in or otherwise exposed to those currencies. Shelton Capital Management may not be able to determine accurately the extent to which a security or its issuer is exposed to currency risk.
Non-U.S. investment risk. Securities of non-U.S. issuers (including ADRs and other securities that represent interests in a non-U.S. issuer’s securities) may be less liquid, more volatile, and harder to value than U.S. securities. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to political, economic, or market instability, or unfavorable government action in their local jurisdictions or economic sanctions or other restrictions imposed by U.S. or foreign regulators. There may be less information publicly available about non-U.S. issuers and their securities and those issuers may be subject to lower levels of government regulation and oversight. These risks may be higher when investing in emerging market issuers. Certain of these elevated risks may also apply to securities of U.S. issuers with significant non-U.S. operations.
Preferred Stock Risk. There are various risks associated with investing in preferred stock, including credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk, deferral and omission of distributions, subordination to bonds and other debt securities in a company’s capital structure, limited liquidity, limited voting rights and special redemption rights.
Real Estate Industry Concentration Risk. To the extent a Fund concentrates its investments in real estate securities, the Fund’s portfolio is significantly impacted by the performance of the real estate market generally, and the Fund may be exposed to greater risk and experience higher volatility than would a more diversified portfolio. The value of investments in the real estate industry may go through cycles of relative under-performance and over-performance in comparison to the broader securities markets. The value of the Fund’s shares will be affected by factors generally affecting the real estate industry, including, among others: changes in general economic and market conditions; falling property values; declining rents; risks related to local economic conditions, overbuilding, development and increased competition; increases in property taxes and operating expenses; changes in local laws or regulations; casualty and condemnation losses; variations in rental income, neighborhood values and the appeal of property to tenants; the availability of financing; and changes in interest rates. The value of real estate companies also may drop because of poor management or the failure of borrowers to pay their loans, and residential developers, in particular, could be negatively impacted by falling home prices, slower mortgage origination and rising construction costs.
Rights and Warrants Risk. Investments in warrants involve certain risks, including the possible lack of a liquid market for the resale of the warrants, and potential price fluctuations due to adverse market conditions or other factors. In addition, changes in a warrant’s value do not necessarily correspond to changes in the value of its underlying security and the price of the warrant may be more volatile that the price of its underlying security. If a right or warrant is not exercised within a specified time period, it becomes worthless.
Bar Chart and Performance Table
The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling (800) 955-9988.
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Best Quarter: 9.78% (Q1, 2014)
Worst Quarter: -5.61% (Q2, 2015)
Year to date performance as of 12/31/17: 3.72%
Date of inception: 06/07/2013
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.
Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/17) Real Estate Income Fund (Institutional Class- RENIX) |
1 year | Period
from Inception |
Return Before Taxes | 3.72% | 7.03% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions | 2.24% | 3.60% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares | 2.09% | 4.21% |
S&P U.S. REIT Index | -4.72% | 5.59% |
It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.
Fund Management
Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. Mr. John Harnisch has served as the Fund’s lead portfolio manager since April 2018. Mr. William Mock has served as a member of the portfolio management team since April 2018.
Other Important Information about Fund Shares
For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section on page 18 of this prospectus.
SHELTON TACTICAL CREDIT FUND Ticker Symbols: DEBIX and DEBTX
Investment Objective
The Fund investment objective is to seek current income and capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.
Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment) | DEBIX | DEBTX |
Sales and redemption charges | none | none |
Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) | ||
Management fees | 1.17% | 1.17% |
Distribution (12b-1) fees | none | 0.25% |
Other expenses | 0.50% | 0.49% |
Total annual operating expenses | 1.67% | 1.91% |
Expense Reimbursement(2) | (0.25)% | (0.24)% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement | 1.42% | 1.67% |
(1) | ‘‘Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses’’ are the indirect costs of investing in other investment companies. The operating expenses in this fee table will not correlate to the expense ratio in the Fund’s financial highlights because the financial statements include only the direct operating expenses incurred by the Fund. |
(2) | The Fund’s Advisor, Shelton Capital Management, has contractually agreed to reimburse expenses incurred by the Fund to the extent that total annual fund operating expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary expenses such as litigation or merger and reorganization expenses, for example) exceed 1.42% and 1.67% until May 1, 2019. This agreement may only be terminated with the approval of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Shelton may be reimbursed for any foregone advisory fees or unreimbursed expenses within three fiscal years following a particular reduction or expense, but only to the extent the reimbursement does not cause the Fund to exceed applicable expense limits, and the effect of the reimbursement is measured after all ordinary operating expenses are calculated. Any such reimbursement is subject to the review and approval of the Fund’s Board of Trustees. |
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Example of Expenses
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
1 year | 3 years | 5 years | 10 years | |
DEBIX | $170 | $577 | $1,009 | $2,213 |
DEBTX | $145 | $553 | $986 | $2,193 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example of Expenses, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 239% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Advisor uses an unconstrained, opportunistic, tactical approach to credit investing, which focuses on corporate fixed income- sensitive securities that generally includes securities like bonds, junk bonds (commonly referred to as high yield), convertible bonds and bank debt. “Tactical” means that the Advisor will make purchases and sales based on its expectations of short-term market opportunities. This can be contrasted with a “buy and hold” strategy where funds tend to have lower turnover and hold positions for longer periods of time. This actively-managed strategy seeks to take advantage of short-term investment opportunities and reduce the correlation to the overall market by trading in and out of positions. The Advisor combines a macro-economic view with company-specific analysis (including a consideration of liquidity) in the construction of the portfolio positions. Macro-economic views are built by evaluating trends in global economies, central bank activities, fund flows and assessing market risk levels. From this analysis, the Advisor then formulates appropriate purchasing and hedging strategies. Hedging is an integral part of portfolio construction and the Advisor uses various investment tools to seek to reduce overall market risk and correlation. Risk limits and portfolio stress tests are performed regularly to evaluate the Fund’s exposure to various risks. The Advisor seeks to preserve capital in challenging markets and will quickly reposition the portfolio if it is necessary in its judgement. The Advisor seeks to add value by using a tactical credit strategy and at times of elevated risk, the Fund may invest 100% of the portfolio in cash or cash equivalents in an effort to protect the portfolio against these perceived risks.
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing primarily, under normal market conditions, in corporate fixed income and/or equity securities that it believes are undervalued. It employs relative value, event-driven, and hedging investment styles in allocating Fund assets across asset classes and capital structures including both long and/or short positions in seeking to achieve its investment objective and reduce risk.
Relative value strategies are designed to profit by the change in values between two securities instead of the movements of the overall market. They typically include long and short positions that seek to exploit disparities in pricing relationships between two instruments, thereby seeking profit from the correction in the “relative value” of the prices of the two securities. Acting on the assumption that prices will revert to true value, as defined by the Advisor using a valuation measure such as dividend yield or price to earnings ratio, over time, the Advisor will sell short the overpriced security and buy the underpriced security. If prices revert to this true value, the trade can be liquidated at a profit.
Event-driven strategies seek to profit from pricing differences or inefficiencies among securities that may occur before or after a unique event, such as bankruptcy, merger, acquisition, spinoff or special dividend. Credit analysis-based strategies seek to profit from pricing differences or inefficiencies among debt securities of issuers that are in some sort of financial distress. Convertible arbitrage debt strategies seek returns from price improvement or recovery proceeds on debt securities of troubled issuers by anticipating improved fundamentals; acquisition by a stronger issuer; or liquidation proceeds in a re-organization, bankruptcy or foreclosure. Each type of strategy typically employs risk-reducing hedging techniques using short selling, futures contracts, options or credit-default swaps and total return swaps.
The Fund may also invest in long and short positions of exchange traded securities. By taking long and short positions in different securities, the Fund attempts to limit the effect of market movements on portfolio performance. The Fund will generally take long positions in securities that the Advisor believes to be undervalued and short positions in securities that they believe to be overvalued, based on the Advisor’s analysis of the issuer’s financial reports and market valuation.
The Fund intends to engage in short selling regularly in conjunction with convertible arbitrage positions, capital structure “event driven” positions, and overall portfolio hedges, as deemed appropriate. The Fund’s short positions may equal up to 75% of the Fund’s net asset value.
The Fund defines fixed income securities as bills, notes, debentures, bonds, loans or loan participations, levered loans or asset-backed securities. The Fund defines equity securities as common stock, preferred stock, or debt that is convertible into common stock. The Fund invests without restriction as to issuer capitalization, country, or credit quality and without restriction as to the maturity of fixed income securities. The Fund plans to invest in high-yield (below investment grade) fixed income securities. High yield or “below-investment grade” securities are securities that are un-rated or rated BB+ or below by S&P or Ba1 or below by Moody’s. These securities involve more risk, and will generally be more volatile than securities rated BBB- or Baa3 or above.
Principal Risks of Investing
You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide range. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:
Convertible Securities Risk: The value of the Fund’s convertible securities may decline in response to such factors as rising interest rates and fluctuations in the market price of the common stock underlying the convertible securities.
Credit (or Default) Risk: The risk that the inability or unwillingness of an issuer or guarantor of a fixed income security, or a counterparty to a repurchase or other transaction, to meet its payment or other financial obligations will adversely affect the value of the Fund’s investments and its returns. Changes in the credit rating of a debt security held by the Fund could have a similar effect.
Debt Extension Risk: This refers to the risk to the Fund that when interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall.
Defaulted Securities Risk: Repayment of defaulted securities and obligations of distressed issuers (including insolvent issuers or issuers in payment or covenant default, in workout or restructuring or in bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings) is subject to significant uncertainties. Investments in defaulted securities and obligations of distressed issuers are considered speculative as are junk bonds in general (See High-Yield Securities risk” below).
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Derivatives Risk: Investing with derivatives, such as options, and equity index futures, or other futures contracts involves risks additional to and possibly greater than those associated with investing directly in securities. The value of a derivative may not correlate to the value of the underlying instrument to the extent expected. Derivative transactions may be volatile, and can create leverage, which could cause the Fund to lose more than the amount of assets initially contributed to the transaction, if any. The Fund may not be able to close a derivatives position at an advantageous time or price. For over-the-counter derivatives transactions, the counterparty may be unable or unwilling to make required payments and deliveries, especially during times of financial market distress. Changes in regulation relating to a mutual fund’s use of derivatives and related instruments may make derivatives more costly, limit the availability of derivatives, or otherwise adversely affect the value or performance of derivatives and the Fund.
Distressed Securities Risk: Distressed securities are speculative and involve substantial risks in addition to the risks of investing in junk bonds. The Fund will generally not receive interest payments on the distressed securities and may incur costs to protect its investment. In addition, distressed securities involve the substantial risk that principal will not be repaid. These securities may present a substantial risk of default or may be in default at the time of investment. The Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in the payment of principal of or interest on its portfolio holdings. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to an investment company, the Fund may lose its entire investment or may be required to accept cash or securities with a value less than its original investment.
Economic and Political Risks. Many factors will affect the performance of the stock market. Two major factors are economic and political events. The impact of positive or negative events could be short-term (by causing a change in the market that is corrected in a year or less) or long-term (by causing a change in the market that may last for many years). Events may affect one sector of the economy or a single stock, but may not have a significant impact on the overall market.
Equity Securities Risk: Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities held by the Fund may fluctuate based on changes in the issuing company’s financial condition, as well as overall market and economic conditions.
Event-Driven Trading Risk: The Fund invests in certain securities which it believes may benefit from certain outcomes including special situations. This is known as “Event-Driven Trading.” Event-Driven Trading involves the risk that the special situation may not occur as anticipated, in which case the Fund may realize losses.
Fixed Income Risk: The risk that the value of the Fund’s investments in fixed income securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities.
High-Yield (“Junk Bond”) Securities Risk: Compared to higher quality debt securities, high-yield bonds (commonly referred to as ‘‘junk’’ bonds) involve a greater risk of default or price changes due to changes in the credit quality of the issuer because they are generally unsecured and may be subordinated to other creditors’ claims. The values of junk bonds often fluctuate more in response to company, political, regulatory or economic developments than higher quality bonds. Their values can decline significantly over short periods of time or during periods of economic difficulty when the bonds could be difficult to value or sell at a fair price. Credit ratings on junk bonds do not necessarily reflect their actual market value.
Interest Rate/Maturity Risk: The risk that the value of the Fund’s assets will decline because of rising interest rates. The magnitude of this decline will often be greater for longer term fixed income securities than shorter-term securities.
Issuer-Specific Risk: The value of a specific security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently from the value of the market as a whole. The value of securities of smaller issuers can be more volatile than those of larger issuers. The value of certain types of securities can be more volatile due to increased sensitivity to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments.
Liquidity Risk: Liquidity risk exists when particular investments of the Fund would be difficult to purchase or sell, possibly preventing the Fund from selling such illiquid securities at an advantageous time or price, or possibly requiring the Fund to dispose of other investments at unfavorable times or prices in order to satisfy its obligations. The Fund will not invest more than 15% in illiquid securities.
Manager Risk. Shelton Capital Management’s opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of a company or security may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue the company or security. Shelton Capital Management may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for the Fund.
Market Risk: The risk that the market value of a security may fluctuate, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. The prices of securities change in response to many factors including the historical and prospective earnings of the issuer, the value of its assets, general economic conditions, interest rates, investor perceptions and market liquidity.
Portfolio Turnover Risk: The risk that high portfolio turnover is likely to lead to increased Fund expenses that may result in lower investment returns. High portfolio turnover also is likely to result in higher short-term capital gains taxable to shareholders.
Short Sale Risk: Short selling a security involves selling a borrowed security with the expectation that the value of that security will decline so that the security may be purchased at a lower price when returning the borrowed security. The risk of loss on short selling is greater than the original value of the securities sold short because the price of the borrowed security may rise, thereby increasing the price at which the security must be purchased. The Fund’s potential loss is limited only by the maximum attainable price of the security, less the price at which the security was sold and may, theoretically, be unlimited. Government actions also may affect the Fund’s ability to engage in short selling. In addition, the Fund may be subject to expenses related to short sales that are not typically associated with investing in securities directly, such as costs of borrowing and margin account maintenance costs associated with the Fund’s open short positions.
Bar Chart and Performance Table
The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling (800) 955-9988.
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Best Quarter: 4.41% (Q3, 2016)
Worst Quarter: -1.50% (Q3, 2015)
Year to date performance as of 12/31/17: 3.34%
Date of inception: 12/15/2014
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.
Average Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/17) Shelton Tactical Credit Fund (Institutional Class – DEBIX) |
1 year |
Period
From Inception |
Return Before Taxes | 3.34% | 6.46% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions | 0.83% | 4.07% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares | 1.87% | 3.87% |
Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index1 | 1.20% | 1.64% |
It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.
Fund Management
Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. Mr. John Harnisch has served as the Fund’s lead portfolio manager since the Fund’s inception. Mr. William Mock has served as a member of the portfolio management team since March 2017.
Other Important Information about Fund Shares
For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section on page 18 of this prospectus.
SHELTON INTERNATIONAL SELECT EQUITY FUND Ticker Symbols: SISLX and SISEX
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay when you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The table and example do not reflect any transaction fees that may be charged by financial intermediaries or commissions that a shareholder may be required to pay directly to its financial intermediary when buying or selling shares.
Shareholder Fees (fee paid directly from your investment) | SISLX | SISEX |
Sales and redemption charges | none | none |
Annual Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) | ||
Management fees | 0.74% | 0.74% |
Distribution (12b-1) fees | none | 0.25% |
Other expenses | 0.60% | 0.60% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expense | 1.32% | 1.59% |
Expense Reimbursement(1) | (0.35)% | (0.35)% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement | 0.99% | 1.24% |
1 | The Fund’s Advisor, Shelton Capital Management, has contractually agreed to reimburse expenses incurred by the Fund to the extent that total annual fund operating expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary expenses such as litigation or merger and reorganization expenses, for example) exceed 0.99% and 1.24% until May 1, 2019. This agreement may only be terminated with the approval of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Shelton may be reimbursed for any foregone advisory fees or unreimbursed expenses within three fiscal years following a particular reduction or expense, but only to the extent the reimbursement does not cause the Fund to exceed applicable expense limits, and the effect of the reimbursement is measured after all ordinary operating expenses are calculated. Any such reimbursement is subject to the review and approval of the Fund’s Board of Trustees. |
Example of Expenses
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
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1 year | 3 years | 5 years | 10 years | |
SISLX | $126 | $468 | $833 | $1,860 |
SISEX | $101 | $386 | $692 | $1,561 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or "turns over" its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 24% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund primarily invests, under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets (plus borrowings for investment purposes) in a combination of equity securities of foreign (i.e., non-U.S.) companies with a suitable potential for earnings growth. The Fund invests its assets in equity securities of non-U.S. companies located in countries with developed markets, but may also invest in companies domiciled in emerging markets.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a universe of stocks listed within the MSCI ACWI ex USA index, as well as those in other developed, emerging, and frontier markets with a market capitalization of $2.5 billion or higher. The Advisor anticipates that the percentage of the Fund’s investable universe not included in the MSCI ACWI ex USA index will be approximately 20%. The Fund ordinarily invests in no fewer than three different countries outside the U.S. Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 40% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities of non-U.S. companies. However, the Fund may invest a lesser amount of its assets in securities of non-U.S. companies when market conditions are not deemed favorable, in which case the Fund would invest at least 30% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities of non-U.S. companies. The Fund will normally invest in the securities of approximately 30 to 50 issuers.
The Fund’s investments in equity securities may include common and preferred stock, convertible preferred stock, warrants and rights. The Advisor implements its investment strategy by first using a proprietary global “life-cycle” screen to narrow the Fund’s investable universe. The Advisor then uses a fundamental, “bottom-up” research selection and disciplined portfolio construction process which is focused on identifying stocks that the Advisor believes have the ability to generate sustainable returns, regardless of sector or country.
The Advisor’s “life-cycle” screen classifies companies according to one of the following five categories:
• | Innovation: Companies characterized as having high level of capital investment and below the cost of capital returns. |
• | Expansion: Companies characterized by aggressive investment to compound their high and rising returns, achieving a peak in both growth and cash flow returns. |
• | Deceleration: Companies characterized as having very high returns, combined with good, but slowing growth prospects. |
• | Maturity: Companies characterized as earning a small positive spread above the cost of capital. |
• | Distress: Companies characterized as having returns driven down below the cost of capital. |
The Advisor’s investment team actively invests across all five categories of the “life-cycle,” building a diversified portfolio of high-growth, high-return, income-oriented and distressed investments. In managing the portfolio, the investment team seeks to balance the portfolio’s risk and return by maximizing stock specific risk (risk from security selection) while at the same time minimizing systematic factor risks (which includes, but is not limited to, sector selection, country selection, currency management).
The Fund may engage in frequent and active trading of securities as a part of its principal investment strategy. The Advisor will sell or reallocate a Fund’s securities if the Advisor believes the issuer of such securities no longer meets certain growth criteria, if certain political and economic events occur, or if it believes that more attractive opportunities are available. The team strives to preserve capital as part of its investment process.
Principal Risks of Investing
You could lose money by investing in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. You should expect the Fund’s share price and total return to fluctuate within a wide range. The Fund’s performance could be hurt by:
Economic and Political Risks. These effects may be short-term by causing a change in the global markets that is corrected in a year or less, or they may have long-term impacts which may cause changes in the markets that may last for many years. In any given country, some factors may affect changes in one sector of the economy or one stock, but don’t have an impact on the overall market. The particular sector of the economy or the individual stock may be affected for a short or long-term.
Emerging markets risk. Emerging market securities may present issuer, market, currency, liquidity, volatility, valuation, legal, political, and other risks different from, and potentially greater than, the risks of investing in securities of issuers in more developed market.
Equity Risk. Equity securities can be volatile and may decline in value because of changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of their issuers or other events affecting their issuers. The Fund’s target index may, at times, become focused in stocks of a particular sector, category or group of companies, which could cause Fund to underperform the overall stock market.
Manager Risk. Shelton Capital Management’s opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of a company or security may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue the company or security. Shelton Capital Management may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for the Fund.
Market Exposure Risk. Investment prices may increase or decrease, sometimes suddenly and unpredictably, due to general market conditions. The Fund invests in stock markets primarily outside the U.S. As with any investment whose performance is linked to these markets, the value of an investment in the Fund will change. During a declining stock market, investment in this Fund would lose money.
MidCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of relatively smaller capitalization within the midcap range of companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Relatively smaller capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.
Non-U.S. currency risk. Non-U.S. currencies may decline relative to the U.S. dollar, which reduces the unhedged value of securities denominated in or otherwise exposed to those currencies. Shelton Capital Management may not be able to determine accurately the extent to which a security or its issuer is exposed to currency risk.
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Non-U.S. investment risk. Securities of non-U.S. issuers (including ADRs and other securities that represent interests in a non-U.S. issuer’s securities) may be less liquid, more volatile, and harder to value than U.S. securities. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to political, economic, or market instability, or unfavorable government action in their local jurisdictions or economic sanctions or other restrictions imposed by U.S. or foreign regulators. There may be less information publicly available about non-U.S. issuers and their securities and those issuers may be subject to lower levels of government regulation and oversight. These risks may be higher when investing in emerging market issuers. Certain of these elevated risks may also apply to securities of U.S. issuers with significant non-U.S. operations.
Portfolio Turnover Risk: The risk that high portfolio turnover is likely to lead to increased Fund expenses that may result in lower investment returns. High portfolio turnover also is likely to result in higher short-term capital gains taxable to shareholders.
SmallCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of smaller capitalization companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Small capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.
Valuation Risk: The risk that the Fund has valued certain of its securities at a higher price than it can sell them.
Bar Chart and Performance Table
The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows calendar year returns and the average annual total return table indicates risk by illustrating how much returns can differ from one year to the next and how fund performance compares with that of a comparable market index. These figures assume that all distributions are reinvested. The Fund’s performance will fluctuate, and past performance (before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated performance information may be obtained on our website www.sheltoncap.com or by calling (800) 955-9988.
Best Quarter: 9.88% (Q1, 2017)
Worst Quarter: -1.52% (Q4, 2016)
Year to date performance as of 12/31/17: 34.94%
Date of inception: 07/18/20161
1 | Shelton Capital Management became the investment advisor to the predecessor fund of the Fund on July 18, 2016. The predecessor fund was reorganized into the Fund on July 28, 2017. The investment objective, strategy, risks and policies of the predecessor fund during the period July 18, 2016 to July 28, 2017 were identical to those of the Fund. |
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.
Average
Annual Return (for the period ended 12/31/17) Shelton International Select Equity Fund (Institutional Class- SISEX) |
1 year | Period
From Inception |
Return Before Taxes | 35.30% | 23.32% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions | 33.79% | 21.98% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares | 19.73% | 17.45% |
S&P/Citigroup Value Index | 16.53% | 15.91% |
MSCI ACWI Ex USA (NET) Index1 | 27.19% | 19.82% |
It is not possible for individuals to invest directly in an index. Performance figures for an index do not reflect deductions for sales charges, commissions, expenses or taxes.
1 | The MSCI ACWI Ex USA Index is a free float-adjusted market capitalization index that is designed to measure developed and developing market equity performance, excluding the U.S. MSCI, Inc. publishes two versions of this Index reflecting the reinvestment of dividends using two different methodologies: gross dividends and net dividends. While both versions reflect reinvested dividends, they differ with respect to the manner in which taxes associated with dividend payments are treated. In calculating the gross dividends version, MSCI reinvests as much as possible of a company’s dividend distributions. The reinvested amount is equal to the total dividend amount distributed to persons residing in the country of the dividend-paying company. Gross total return indexes do not, however, include any tax credits. In calculating the net dividends version, MSCI incorporates reinvested dividends applying the withholding tax rate applicable to foreign non-resident institutional investors that do not benefit from double taxation treaties. |
Fund Management
Shelton Capital Management serves as the investment advisor to the Fund. Mr. Andrew Manton has served as member of the portfolio management team since the Fund’s inception, and as the lead portfolio manager since May 2018.
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Other Important Information about Fund Shares
For important information about purchase and sale of Fund shares, tax information, and payments to financial intermediaries please turn to the “Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares” section on page 18 of this prospectus.
Summary of Other Important Information About Fund Shares
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
Each Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums are as follows:
Minimum Initial Investment | Minimum Subsequent Investment | |
Accounts with Automatic Investment Plan (“AIP”) | $500 | $100 |
All other accounts | $1,000 | $100 |
You may redeem all or a portion of your shares on any business day that a Fund is open for business by mail, telephone or our website (www.sheltoncap.com).You may receive the redemption by wire, electronic funds transfer or check. The sale price of your shares will be the Fund’s next determined net asset value after the Fund’s transfer agent, or an authorized agent or sub-agent receives all required documents in good order as further described below. If you have questions or need assistance, you may call client services for SCM Trust at (800) 955-9988 during normal business hours (generally 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Mountain Time).
Tax Information. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund’s distributions of earnings are taxable and will be taxed as ordinary income, capital gains or qualified dividend income taxable to noncorporate shareholders at federal rates applicable to long-term capital gains. If you invest through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account, special tax rules will apply.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and other Financial Intermediaries If you purchase a Fund through an employee benefit plan, the Fund, Shelton Capital Management or related entities may make payments to the recordkeeper, broker/ dealer, bank, or other financial institution or organization (each a “financial intermediary”) that provides shareholder recordkeeping or other administrative services to the plan as compensation for those services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing your Financial Intermediary to make available a Fund over other mutual funds or investments. You should ask your financial intermediary about differing and divergent interests and how it is compensated for administering your Fund investment.
Investment Objectives and Principal Strategies
Shelton Greater China Fund – The Fund’s seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing primarily in companies that (i) are domiciled in, or traded on exchanges located in, the Greater China region, specifically Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and the People’s Republic of China or (ii) have derived or are expected to derive in the company’s current fiscal year (measured as of the time of original investment) a significant portion (at least 50%) of their revenues by exporting to or importing from, trading with, or operating in, mainland China. A company meeting the requirements of either items (i) or (ii) of the previous sentence is defined as a “Greater China company.” Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets in the common and preferred stocks of Greater China companies. Net assets would typically include borrowings for investment purposes; however, the Fund has no present intent to borrow.
A company is considered to be domiciled in, or traded on exchanges located in, a country if it (i) is organized under the laws of that country, or (ii) derives at least 50% of its revenues or profits from goods produced or sold, investments made, services performed, or has at least 50% of its assets located within that country, or (iii) has the primary trading markets for its securities in that country, or (iv) is controlled by a governmental entity or agency, instrumentality or a political subdivision of that country.
The Advisor implements its investment strategy by first using a proprietary “life-cycle” screen to narrow the Fund’s investable universe. The Advisor then uses a fundamental, “bottom-up” research selection and disciplined portfolio construction process which is focused on identifying stocks that the Advisor believes have the ability to generate sustainable returns, regardless of sector or country. The Advisor’s “life-cycle” screen classifies companies according to one of the following five categories:
• | Innovation: Companies characterized as having high level of capital investment and below the cost of capital returns. |
• | Expansion: Companies characterized by aggressive investment to compound their high and rising returns, achieving a peak in both growth and cash flow returns. |
• | Deceleration: Companies characterized as having very high returns, combined with good, but slowing growth prospects. |
• | Maturity: Companies characterized as earning a small positive spread above the cost of capital. |
• | Distress: Companies characterized as having returns driven down below the cost of capital. |
The Advisor’s investment team actively invests across all five categories of the “life-cycle,” building a diversified portfolio of high-growth, high-return, income-oriented and distressed investments. In managing the portfolio, the investment team seeks to balance the portfolio’s risk and return by maximizing stock specific risk (risk from security selection) while at the same time minimizing systematic factor risks (which includes, but is not limited to, sector selection, country selection, currency management). The Fund may engage in frequent and active trading of securities as a part of its principal investment strategy. The Advisor will sell or reallocate a Fund’s securities if the Advisor believes the issuer of such securities no longer meets certain growth criteria, if certain political and economic events occur, or if it believes that more attractive opportunities are available. The team strives to preserve capital as part of its investment process. The Advisor may elect to purchase futures contracts and/or options to attempt to remain fully invested in the markets. The percentage of futures held in the portfolio will typically not exceed the cash (or cash equivalents) balance of the Fund
Shelton BDC Income Fund – The Fund invests substantially all (and under normal market conditions, at least 80%) of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in common stocks and other equity securities of business development companies (‘‘BDCs’’) that are traded on one or more nationally recognized securities exchanges.
The equity securities in which the Fund may invest consist of:
• | common stocks |
• | securities convertible into common stocks |
• | preferred stocks |
In addition, although the Fund typically invests in equity securities, the Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in debt securities of BDCs and other issuers of any maturity, duration or credit rating.
BDCs are publicly-held, closed-end investment funds that are regulated by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the ‘‘1940 Act’’). BDCs primarily lend to or invest in private or thinly-traded companies. They also offer managerial assistance to the companies in which they invest. BDCs must
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adhere to various substantive regulatory requirements under the 1940 Act. For example, the 1940 Act restricts the types of assets in which a BDC may invest (i.e., at least 70% of the BDC’s total assets must be ‘‘qualifying assets,’’ as defined in the 1940 Act). The 1940 Act also regulates how BDCs employ ‘‘leverage’’ (i.e., how BDCs use borrowed funds to make investments). Because the 1940 Act applies unique ‘‘coverage ratio’’ tests to BDCs, BDCs may incur more debt than other regulated closed-end investment companies. Specifically, on one hand, the total assets of a closed-end investment company (other than a BDC) must exceed the fund’s outstanding debt by at least 300%. On the other hand, the total assets of a BDC must exceed the BDC’s outstanding debt by only 200%, thereby allowing a BDC to employ more leverage than other regulated closed-end investment companies. Leverage magnifies the potential for gain and loss on amounts invested and, as a result, increases the risks associated with the securities of leveraged companies.
The Advisor evaluates equity securities primarily on the BDC’s or other issuer’s ability to sustain its current dividend and secondarily considers the potential for capital appreciation. The Advisor intends to allocate the Fund’s assets among BDCs that, in its view, are paying attractive rates of distribution and appear capable of sustaining that distribution level over time. The Advisor incorporates into its assessment, among other factors, dividend yield, price to book, financial operations, portfolio of investments and management quality. The Advisor will also consider the amount of leverage employed by a BDC or other issuer before deciding to invest in its securities. In selecting securities for investment, the Advisor generally seeks to invest in securities with relatively high distribution rates, and that it believes will continue to pay distributions at those rates for the foreseeable future. Distributions from such securities may consist of income, capital gains and/or return of capital and cannot be guaranteed to continue.
When selecting securities for the Fund, the Advisor may utilize fundamental, technical and other related methodologies to determine the intrinsic value of a security. Examples of fundamental methodologies include consideration of a stock’s financials, economic factors that might impact the stock, and the qualitative and quantitative factors. Technical methodologies generally refer to the consideration of past market data, primarily using price and volume data. The Advisor expects that it will sell a security if, in the judgment of the portfolio manager, the security’s income potential has been compromised, an issuer’s fundamentals have deteriorated or may deteriorate or a more attractive investment opportunity is identified.
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities.
Shelton Real Estate Income Fund – The Fund’s principal investment strategies described in this Prospectus are the strategies that the Advisor believes are most likely to be important in achieving the Fund’s investment objective.
The Advisor intends to allocate the Fund’s assets among real estate securities that, in the view of the Advisor, represent attractive investment opportunities. The Advisor evaluates securities based primarily on the relative attractiveness of income and secondarily considers the potential for capital appreciation. The Advisor seeks to allocate the Fund’s assets such that the Fund may benefit from the performance of various sectors of the real estate market. In selecting securities for investment, the Advisor assesses the likely risks and returns of the different alternative investment opportunities and evaluates the potential correlation among the investments under consideration. The Advisor generally seeks to invest in securities for which the expected risk-adjusted yields are determined to be attractive and are likely to have low correlations among each other and with the broader securities markets. When determining an asset allocation, the Advisor may utilize fundamental, technical and other related methodologies to determine the intrinsic value of an underlying security. The Advisor may strategically rebalance its investment strategies according to the current market conditions, but will remain true to its fundamental analysis with respect to real estate asset class diversification across sector risk over time. The Advisor manages investments with a long-term view while being mindful of the historical context of the markets. The Advisor plans to sell a security if, in the judgment of the portfolio managers, the security’s income potential has been compromised, an issuer’s fundamentals have deteriorated or may deteriorate or a more attractive investment opportunity is identified.
Real Estate Securities. The Fund concentrates its investments in real estate securities. For purposes of the Fund’s investment policies, a ‘‘real estate security’’ is a security issued by a real estate company, which the Fund considers to be a company that either:
• | derives at least 50% of its revenues from the ownership, construction, financing, management or sale of commercial, industrial or residential real estate and land; or |
• | has at least 50% of its assets invested in such real estate. |
The Fund invests substantially all (and under normal market conditions, at least 80%) of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in income producing real estate securities, including securities issued by REITs.
The securities in which the Fund invests consist of:
• | REITs |
• | common stocks |
• | rights or warrants to purchase common stocks |
• | foreign securities |
• | depositary receipts |
• | securities convertible into common stocks where the conversion feature represents, in the Advisor’s view, a significant element of the securities’ value |
• | preferred stocks |
• | corporate debt obligations, including high-yield debt securities (commonly referred to as ‘‘junk’’ bonds) |
• | CMBS |
The Fund may invest in securities across all market capitalization ranges. Although the Advisor anticipates that the Fund will invest a substantial portion of its assets in equity securities, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its net assets in debt securities of any maturity, duration or credit rating.
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities.
REITs. The Fund invests in both equity and debt securities, and invests to a substantial degree in securities issued by REITs. REITs are pooled investment vehicles that own interests in real estate, real-estate related loans or similar interests, and their revenue primarily consists of rent derived from owned, income-producing real estate properties and capital gains from the sale of such properties. REITs can be classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs and hybrid REITs. Equity REITs invest primarily in real property and earn rental income from leasing those properties. They may also realize gains or losses from the sale of such properties. Mortgage REITs invest primarily in mortgages and similar real estate interests and receive interest payments from the owners of the mortgaged properties. Hybrid REITs invest both in real property and in mortgages. A majority of the REITs in which the Fund invests are generally considered by the Advisor to be medium- or small-capitalization companies.
Distributions received by the Fund from REITs may consist of dividends, capital gains and/or return of capital. A REIT organized in the U.S. is generally not taxed on income distributed to shareholders so long as it meets certain tax-related requirements, including the requirement that it distribute substantially all of its taxable income to its shareholders (other than net capital gains for each taxable year). Foreign REITs and REIT-like entities are organized outside of the U.S., but similarly operate and receive similar tax treatment. As REITs generally pay a higher rate of dividends than most operating
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companies, to the extent application of the Fund’s investment strategy results in the Fund investing in REIT shares, the percentage of the Fund’s dividend income received from REIT shares will likely exceed the percentage of the Fund’s portfolio that is comprised of REIT shares.
Preferred Stocks. The Fund may invest in preferred stocks. Preferred stock is a security that pays dividends at a specified rate and generally has a preference over common stock in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of assets. This means that an issuer must generally pay dividends on its preferred stock prior to paying dividends on its common stock. In addition, in the event a company is liquidated, preferred shareholders generally must be fully repaid on their investments before common shareholders can receive any money from the company. Preferred shareholders, however, usually have no right to vote for a company’s directors or on other corporate matters. Preferred stock pays a fixed stream of income to investors, and this income stream is a primary source of the long-term investment return on preferred stocks. Preferred stock shares many investment characteristics with debt securities.
Convertible Securities. A convertible security shares features of both equity and debt securities. A convertible security is generally a debt security or preferred stock that may be converted within a specified period of time into common stock of the same or a different issuer. By investing in convertible securities, the Fund seeks the opportunity to participate in the capital appreciation of the underlying security, while at the same time relying on the fixed income aspect of the convertible securities to provide current income and reduced price volatility, which can limit the risk of loss in a down equity market.
Rights and Warrants. Warrants give the Fund the right to buy stock. The warrant specifies the amount of underlying stock, the purchase (or exercise) price and the date the warrant expires. Rights are similar to warrants, but normally have a shorter duration and are distributed directly by the issuer to its shareholders. Rights and warrants have no voting rights, receive no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer.
Non-U.S. securities. The Fund may invest in real estate securities of companies that are organized or located outside of the U.S. and that invest in non-U.S. markets. The Fund considers a company that derives at least 50% of its revenue from investments outside the U.S. or that has at least 50% of its assets invested outside of the U.S. as principally invested in non-U.S. markets. The Fund considers a company to be located outside of the U.S. if it is operated, headquartered or otherwise substantially present in a country other than the U.S.
Depositary Receipts. A depositary receipt is a negotiable certificate that evidences an ownership interest in depositary shares, which, in turn, represent an interest in the shares of a non-U.S. company that has been deposited with a depositary bank. The Fund may invest in ‘‘sponsored’’ and ‘‘unsponsored’’ depositary receipts. Sponsored depositary receipts are those in which the non-U.S. company enters into an agreement directly with the depositary bank to arrange for recordkeeping, forwarding of shareholder communications, payment of dividends and other services. An unsponsored depositary receipt is set up without the cooperation of the non-U.S. company and may be initiated by a broker-dealer wishing to establish a trading market.
Debt Securities. The Fund may invest in debt securities issued by U.S. and non-U.S. companies, including U.S. dollar-denominated debt obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. companies and CMBS. Such debt obligations include, among others, bonds, notes, debentures and variable rate demand notes, with the primary difference being their maturities and secured or unsecured status. Such debt securities are issued by businesses to finance their operations. The issuer pays the investor a fixed or variable rate of interest and normally must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity.
CMBS. The Fund may invest in convertible mortgage bonds and CMBS. CMBS are bonds that evidence interests in, or are secured by, a single commercial mortgage loan or a pool of commercial mortgage loans.
Shelton Tactical Credit Fund – The Advisor uses an unconstrained, opportunistic, tactical approach to credit investing, which focuses on corporate fixed income- sensitive securities that generally includes securities like bonds, junk bonds (commonly referred to as high yield), convertible bonds and bank debt. “Tactical” means that the Advisor will make purchases and sales based on its expectations of short-term market opportunities. This can be contrasted with a “buy and hold” strategy where funds tend to have lower turnover and hold positions for longer periods of time. This actively-managed strategy seeks to take advantage of short-term investment opportunities and reduce the correlation to the overall market by trading in and out of positions. The Advisor combines a macro-economic view with company-specific analysis (including a consideration of liquidity) in the construction of the portfolio positions. Macro-economic views are built by evaluating trends in global economies, central bank activities, fund flows and assessing market risk levels. From this analysis, the Advisor then formulates appropriate purchasing and hedging strategies. Hedging is an integral part of portfolio construction and the Advisor uses various investment tools to seek to reduce overall market risk and correlation. Risk limits and portfolio stress tests are performed regularly to evaluate the Fund’s exposure to various risks. The Advisor seeks to preserve capital in challenging markets and will quickly reposition the portfolio if it is necessary in its judgement. The Advisor seeks to add value by using a tactical credit strategy and at times of elevated risk, the Fund may invest 100% of the portfolio in cash or cash equivalents in an effort to protect the portfolio against these perceived risks.
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing primarily, under normal market conditions, in corporate fixed income and/or equity securities that it believes are undervalued. It employs relative value, event-driven, and hedging investment styles in allocating Fund assets across asset classes and capital structures including both long and/or short positions in seeking to achieve its investment objective and reduce risk.
Relative value strategies are designed to profit by the change in values between two securities instead of the movements of the overall market. They typically include long and short positions that seek to exploit disparities in pricing relationships between two instruments, thereby seeking profit from the correction in the “relative value” of the prices of the two securities. Acting on the assumption that prices will revert to true value, as defined by the Advisor using a valuation measure such as dividend yield or price to earnings ratio, over time, the Advisor will sell short the overpriced security and buy the underpriced security. If prices revert to this true value, the trade can be liquidated at a profit.
Event-driven strategies seek to profit from pricing differences or inefficiencies among securities that may occur before or after a unique event, such as bankruptcy, merger, acquisition, spinoff or special dividend. Credit analysis-based strategies seek to profit from pricing differences or inefficiencies among debt securities of issuers that are in some sort of financial distress. Convertible arbitrage debt strategies seek returns from price improvement or recovery proceeds on debt securities of troubled issuers by anticipating improved fundamentals; acquisition by a stronger issuer; or liquidation proceeds in a re-organization, bankruptcy or foreclosure. Each type of strategy typically employs risk-reducing hedging techniques using short selling, futures contracts, options or credit-default swaps and total return swaps.
The Fund may also invest in long and short positions of exchange traded securities. By taking long and short positions in different securities, the Fund attempts to limit the effect of market movements on portfolio performance. The Fund will generally take long positions in securities that the Advisor believes to be undervalued and short positions in securities that they believe to be overvalued, based on the Advisor’s analysis of the issuer’s financial reports and market valuation.
The Fund intends to engage in short selling regularly in conjunction with convertible arbitrage positions, capital structure “event driven” positions, and overall portfolio hedges, as deemed appropriate. The Fund’s short positions may equal up to 75% of the Fund’s net asset value.
The Fund defines fixed income securities as bills, notes, debentures, bonds, loans or loan participations, levered loans or asset-backed securities. The Fund defines equity securities as common stock, preferred stock, or debt that is convertible into common stock. The Fund invests without restriction as to issuer capitalization, country, or credit quality and without restriction as to the maturity of fixed income securities. The Fund plans to invest in high-yield (below
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investment grade) fixed income securities. High yield or “below-investment grade” securities are securities that are un-rated or rated BB+ or below by S&P or Ba1 or below by Moody’s. These securities involve more risk, and will generally be more volatile than securities rated BBB- or Baa3 or above.
Shelton International Select Equity Fund – The Fund primarily invests, under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets (plus borrowings for investment purposes) in a combination of equity securities of foreign (i.e., non-U.S.) companies with a suitable potential for earnings growth. The Fund invests its assets in equity securities of non-U.S. companies located in countries with developed markets, but may also invest in companies domiciled in emerging markets.
Under normal market conditions, the Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a universe of stocks listed within the MSCI ACWI ex USA index, as well as those in other developed, emerging, and frontier markets with a market capitalization of $2.5 billion or higher. The Advisor anticipates that the percentage of the Fund’s investable universe not included in the MSCI ACWI ex USA index will be approximately 20%. The Fund ordinarily invests in no fewer than three different countries outside the U.S. Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 40% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities of non-U.S. companies. However, the Fund may invest a lesser amount of its assets in securities of non-U.S. companies when market conditions are not deemed favorable, in which case the Fund would invest at least 30% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in securities of non-U.S. companies. The Fund will normally invest in the securities of approximately 30 to 50 issuers.
The Fund’s investments in equity securities may include common and preferred stock, convertible preferred stock, warrants and rights. The Advisor implements its investment strategy by first using a proprietary global “life-cycle” screen to narrow the Fund’s investable universe. The Advisor then uses a fundamental, “bottom-up” research selection and disciplined portfolio construction process which is focused on identifying stocks that the Advisor believes have the ability to generate sustainable returns, regardless of sector or country.
The Advisor’s “life-cycle” screen classifies companies according to one of the following five categories:
● | Innovation: Companies characterized as having high level of capital investment and below the cost of capital returns. |
● | Expansion: Companies characterized by aggressive investment to compound their high and rising returns, achieving a peak in both growth and cash flow returns. |
● | Deceleration: Companies characterized as having very high returns, combined with good, but slowing growth prospects. |
● | Maturity: Companies characterized as earning a small positive spread above the cost of capital. |
● | Distress: Companies characterized as having returns driven down below the cost of capital. |
The Advisor’s investment team actively invests across all five categories of the “life-cycle,” building a diversified portfolio of high-growth, high-return, income-oriented and distressed investments. In managing the portfolio, the investment team seeks to balance the portfolio’s risk and return by maximizing stock specific risk (risk from security selection) while at the same time minimizing systematic factor risks (which includes, but is not limited to, sector selection, country selection, currency management).
The Fund may engage in frequent and active trading of securities as a part of its principal investment strategy. The Advisor will sell or reallocate a Fund’s securities if the Advisor believes the issuer of such securities no longer meets certain growth criteria, if certain political and economic events occur, or if it believes that more attractive opportunities are available. The team strives to preserve capital as part of its investment process.
Investment Risks
Investors should recognize that investing in securities presents certain risks that cannot be avoided. There is no assurance that the investment objectives of any Fund will be achieved. The following table summarizes some of the risks involved in investing in each of the Funds and highlights certain differences and similarities among the Funds in their exposure to various types of risks. The table below is not a complete list of every risk involved in investing in the Funds and a Fund may have exposure to a risk factor even if it is not marked below. Investing in securities creates indirect exposure to the various business risks to which their issuers are subject, which may include sector, industry, or region-specific risks. Investments in equity securities may create indirect exposure to interest rate, credit, and currency risk. Securities of non-U.S. issuers are exposed to currency risk, even if they are denominated in U.S. dollars. Debt and equity investments in commodity-related issuers create exposure to commodity risks, which may include unpredictable changes in value, supply and demand, and government regulation. There is more information about these and other risks in the Statement of Additional Information (SAI).
Note that the Shelton Greater China Fund, Shelton BDC Income Fund and Shelton Real Estate Income Fund are subject to certain particular additional risks related to their investment strategies that are discussed in each Fund’s summary and not repeated below.
Risk | SGCFX | LOAIX | RENIX | DEBIX | SISEX |
Bankruptcy Risk | x | x | x | x | x |
Concentration Risk | x | x | |||
Convertible Securities Risk | x | x | |||
Credit Risk | x | x | |||
Derivatives Risk | x | x | x | x | x |
Economic and Political Risks | x | x | x | x | x |
Emerging Markets Risk | x | x | |||
Equity Investing Risk | x | x | x | x | x |
High-Yield (‘‘Junk’’) Bond Risk | x | x | x | ||
Income Risk | x | x | |||
Interest Rate Risk | x | x | |||
Liquidity Risk | x | x | x | x | x |
Manager Risk | x | x | x | x | x |
Market Exposure Risk | x | x | x | x | x |
MidCap Stock Risk | x | x | x | x | |
Non-U.S. Currency Risk | x | x | x | ||
Non-U.S. Investment Risk | x | x | x | ||
Prepayment and Extension Risk | x | x | |||
Regulatory Risk | x | x | x | x | x |
SmallCap Stock Risk | x | x | x | x |
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Bankruptcy Risk. The risk that an issuer seeks protection under bankruptcy laws. In such a circumstance, the principal value of the bond would be expected to decline. If a bond held by the Fund is issued by a municipality that experiences significant financial difficulty that can potentially lead to bankruptcy or default, the Fund would be expected to lose value.
Concentration Risk. If holdings of a fund are concentrated into a few companies or economic sectors, the fund may be more volatile than a more diversified fund and in the event that the holdings perform poorly, the fund may under-perform other investments that are more diversified.
Convertible Securities Risk. Investments in convertible securities generally entail less risk than investments in an issuer’s common stock because convertible securities rank senior to common stock in an issuer’s capital structure. The extent to which such risk is reduced depends in large part upon the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed-income security. Convertible securities are subordinate in rank to any senior debt obligations of an issuer, and, therefore, entail more risk than the issuer’s debt obligations. Convertible securities generally offer lower interest than non-convertible debt securities of similar credit quality due to the potential for capital appreciation and are often lower-rated securities.
Credit Risk. The value of a debt security may decline if the market believes it is less likely that the issuer will make all payments of interest and principal as required. This could occur because of actual or perceived deterioration in the issuer’s or a guarantor’s financial condition, or in the case of asset-backed securities, the likelihood that the loans backing a security will be repaid in full. A Fund could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a debt security becomes bankrupt or subject to a special resolution regime, or is otherwise unable or unwilling to make timely interest and/or principal payments, or honor its obligations. Securities are subject to varying degrees of credit risk, which may be reflected by their ratings; however, such ratings may overestimate or underestimate the likelihood of default and may not accurately reflect the true credit risk of a security. The credit risk associated with corporate debt securities may change as the result of an event such as a large dividend payment, leveraged buyout, debt restructuring, merger, or recapitalization; such events are unpredictable and may benefit shareholders or new creditors at the expense of existing debt holders. Credit risk is likely to increase during periods of economic uncertainty or downturns. Credit risk associated with non-U.S. dollar denominated securities may increase if the value of an issuer’s home currency declines relative to the U.S. dollar. If a debt security owned by a Fund ceases to be rated or is downgraded below a permitted threshold, the Fund may (but is not required to) sell the security.
Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments, including futures contracts, the values of which are based on the value of one or more underlying assets, such as stocks, bonds, currencies, interest rates, and market indexes. Derivatives involve risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the underlying assets and other more traditional investments. The market value of derivatives may be more volatile than that of other investments and can be affected by changes in interest rate or other market developments. The use of derivatives may accelerate the velocity of possible losses. Each type of derivative instrument may have its own special risks, including the risk of mispricing or improper valuation and the possibility that a derivative may not correlate perfectly or as expected with its underlying asset, rate, or index. Derivatives create leverage because the upfront payment required to enter into a derivative is often much smaller than the potential for loss (which may in theory be unlimited). A derivative may be subject to liquidity risk, especially during times of financial market distress; certain types of derivatives may be terminated or modified only with the consent of their counterparties. The use of derivatives may cause a Fund’s investment returns to be impacted by the performance of securities the Fund does not own. Derivatives are specialized instruments that may require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks and bonds. Although the use of derivatives is intended to enhance a Fund’s performance, it may instead reduce returns and increase volatility, or have a different effect than anticipated, especially in unusual or extreme market conditions. Suitable derivatives transactions may not be available in all circumstances and there can be no assurance that a particular derivative position will be available or used by a Fund or that, if used, such strategies will be successful. Regulations may require a Fund to segregate certain of its assets or buy or sell a security at a disadvantageous time or price to maintain offsetting positions or asset coverage in connection with certain derivatives transactions. Use of derivatives may increase the amount and change the timing of taxes payable by shareholders.
Economic and Political Risks. These risks may be short-term by causing a change in the market that is corrected in a year or less, or they may have long-term impacts which may cause changes in the market that last for many years. Some factors may affect one sector of the economy or a single stock, but may not have a significant impact on the overall market.
Emerging Markets Risk. Non-U.S. Investment Risk (described below) may be particularly high to the extent a Fund invests in emerging market securities. Emerging market securities may present issuer, market, currency, liquidity, legal, political, and other risks different from, and potentially greater than, the risks of investing in securities and instruments tied to U.S. or developed non-U.S. issuers. Emerging markets may have less established legal and accounting systems than those in more developed markets. Governments in emerging markets may be less stable and more likely to take extra-legal action with respect to companies, industries, assets, or foreign ownership than those in more developed markets. The economies of emerging markets may be dependent on relatively few industries and thus affected more severely by local or global changes. Emerging market securities may also be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult to value than securities economically tied to U.S. or developed non-U.S. issuers
Equity Investing Risk. Equity securities represent an ownership interest in an issuer rather than a right to receive a specified future payment. This makes equity securities more sensitive than debt securities to changes in an issuer’s earnings and overall financial condition; as a result, equity securities are generally more volatile than debt securities. Equity securities may lose value as a result of changes relating to the issuers of those securities, such as management performance, financial leverage, or changes in the actual or anticipated earnings of a company, or as a result of actual or perceived market conditions that are not specific to an issuer. Even when the securities markets are generally performing strongly, there can be no assurance that equity securities held by a Fund will increase in value. Because the rights of all of a company’s creditors are senior to those of holders of equity securities, shareholders are least likely to receive any value if an issuer files for bankruptcy.
High-Yield (‘‘Junk’’) Bond Risk. A Fund’s high yield bonds may include distressed bonds, which may present a high risk of default or be in default at the time they are purchased. Distressed securities are speculative and involve even greater risks than other high-yield bonds, including the risk that interest payments may not be made on a current basis, or that principal will not be repaid in full. A Fund could incur significant expenses to the extent it is required to negotiate new terms with the issuer of a distressed bond or seek recovery upon a default in respect of a distressed bond. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding related to a defaulted security, a Fund could lose its entire investment or could be required to accept cash or securities with a value substantially less than its original investment. The below investment-grade securities in which a Fund invests are not typically listed on any exchange and the secondary market (if any) for such securities may be less liquid than other securities, which may cause transactions in below investment-grade securities to be more costly. A lack of publicly available information, irregular trading activity, and wide bid-ask spreads, among other factors, may make these securities more difficult to sell at an advantageous time or price than other types of investments. These factors may affect the value a Fund may realize in selling below investment-grade securities, which could result in losses to a Fund.
Income Risk. The income you earn from a Fund may decline due to declining interest rates. This is because, in a falling interest rate environment, a Fund generally will have to invest the proceeds from sales of Fund shares, as well as the proceeds from maturing portfolio securities (or portfolio securities that have been called, see “Call Risk” above), into lower-yielding securities.
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Interest Rate Risk. Debt securities that pay interest based on a fixed rate are subject to the risk that they will decline in value if interest rates rise. Interest rate changes may occur suddenly and unexpectedly, and may be caused by a wide variety of factors including central bank monetary policy, inflation rates, and general economic conditions. A Fund may lose money as a result of such movements. The longer the remaining maturity of a debt security, the more its value is likely to be affected by changes in interest rates. Debt securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates, usually making them more volatile than securities with shorter durations. The values of equity and other non-debt securities may also decline due to fluctuations in interest rates. A Fund may choose not to or be unable to hedge itself fully against changes in interest rates. If a Fund uses derivatives to hedge against changes in interest rates, those hedges may not work as intended and may decrease in value if interest rates move differently than anticipated. Interest rates are currently at or near historic lows in many developed countries, including the United States, which increases the risk that interest rates will rise. In the United States, the Federal Reserve Board has already begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates. Non-fixed rate instruments (i.e., variable and floating rate securities) generally are less sensitive to interest rate changes but may decline in value if their interest rates do not rise as much or as quickly as interest rates in general. Conversely, non-fixed-rate instruments will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. If a Fund holds variable or floating rate securities, a decrease in market interest rates may adversely affect the income received from such securities.
Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk is the risk that a Fund may not be able to buy or sell an investment at an advantageous time or price, which could force a Fund to hold a security that is declining in value or forego other investment opportunities. An illiquid instrument is harder to value because there may be little or no market data available based on purchases or sales of the instrument. Liquidity risk may result from the lack of an active market or a reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities. A Fund may also experience liquidity risk to the extent it invests in private placement securities, securities of issuers with smaller market capitalizations, or securities with substantial market and/or credit risk. The liquidity of an issuer’s securities may decrease if its credit rating falls, it experiences sudden unexpected cash outflows, or some other event causes counterparties to avoid trading with or lending to the issuer. Liquidity risk is greater for below investment grade securities and restricted securities, especially in difficult market conditions. Over the past three decades, bond markets have grown more quickly than dealer capacity to engage in fixed income trading. In addition, recent regulatory changes applicable to financial intermediaries that make markets in debt securities have restricted or made it less desirable for those financial intermediaries to hold large inventories of less liquid debt securities. Because market makers provide stability to a market through their intermediary services, a reduction in dealer inventory may lead to decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed income markets. Additional legislative or regulatory actions to address perceived liquidity or other issues in the debt securities markets could alter or impair a Fund’s ability to pursue its investment objectives or use certain investment strategies and techniques. Liquidity risk may intensify during periods of economic uncertainty. Debt securities with longer durations may face heightened liquidity risk. Unusually high redemption requests or other unusual market conditions may make it difficult for a Fund to honor redemption requests within the permitted period. Meeting such requests could require a Fund to sell securities at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions. Other market participants may be attempting to liquidate holdings at the same time as a Fund, which could increase supply in the market and contribute to liquidity risk.
Manager Risk. The Investment Manager’s (Shelton Capital Management) opinion about the intrinsic worth or creditworthiness of a company, security, or other investment may be incorrect or the market may continue to undervalue the company, security, or other investment; The Investment Manger may not make timely purchases or sales of securities for a Fund; and a Fund’s investment objective may not be achieved. The Funds are subject to various operational risks, including risks associated with the calculation of net asset value. In particular, errors or systems failures and other technological issues may adversely impact a Fund’s calculation of its net asset value, and such net asset value calculation issues could result in inaccurately calculated net asset values, delays in net asset value calculation and/or the inability to calculate net asset value for some period. The Funds may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
Market Exposure Risk. The market price of a security or other investment may increase or decrease, sometimes suddenly and unpredictably. Investments may decline in value because of factors affecting markets generally, such as real or perceived challenges to the economy, national or international political events, natural disasters, changes in interest or currency rates, adverse changes to credit markets, or general adverse investment sentiment. The prices of investments may reflect factors affecting one or more industries, such as the price of specific commodities or consumer trends, or factors affecting particular issuers. During a general downturn in the markets, multiple asset classes may decline in value simultaneously. Market disruptions may prevent a Fund from implementing investment decisions in a timely manner. Fluctuations in the value of the Fund’s investments will cause that Fund’s share price to fluctuate. An investment in a Fund, therefore, may be more suitable for long-term investors who can bear the risk of short- and long-term fluctuations in a Fund’s share price. In the case of a Fund designed to track passively the performance of the associated index, the Fund does not intend to take steps to reduce its market exposure in any market.
MidCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of relatively smaller capitalization within the midcap range of companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Relatively smaller capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.
Non-U.S. Currency Risk. Non-U.S. currencies may decline relative to the U.S. dollar and affect a Fund’s investments in non-U.S. currencies, in securities that are denominated in non-U.S. currencies, in securities of issuers that are exposed to non-U.S. currencies, or in derivatives that provide exposure to non-U.S. currencies. When a given currency depreciates against the U.S. dollar, the value of securities denominated in that currency typically declines. A U.S. dollar-denominated depositary receipt is exposed to currency risk if the security underlying it is denominated in a non-U.S. currency. Currency depreciation may affect the value of U.S. securities if their issuers have exposure to non-U.S. currencies and non-U.S. issuers may similarly be exposed to currencies other than those in which their securities are denominated and the country in which they are domiciled. Shelton Capital Management may not be able to accurately estimate an issuer’s non-U.S. currency exposure.
Non-U.S. Investment Risk. Non-U.S. securities (including ADRs and other securities that represent interests in non-U.S. issuer’s securities) involve some special risks such as exposure to potentially adverse foreign political and economic developments; market instability; nationalization and exchange controls; potentially lower liquidity and higher volatility; possible problems arising from accounting, disclosure, settlement, and regulatory practices that differ from U.S. standards; foreign taxes that could reduce returns; higher transaction costs and foreign brokerage and custodian fees; inability to vote proxies, exercise shareholder or bondholder rights, pursue legal remedies, and obtain judgments with respect to foreign investments in foreign courts; possible insolvency of a sub-custodian or securities depository; and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates that decrease the investment’s value (although favorable changes can increase its value). Non-U.S. stock markets may decline due to conditions unique to an individual country or within a region, including unfavorable economic conditions relative to the United States or political and social instability or unrest. Non-U.S. investments may become subject to economic sanctions or other government restrictions by domestic or foreign regulators, which could negatively impact the value or liquidity of those investments. There may be increased risk of delayed settlement of portfolio transactions or loss of certificates of portfolio securities. Governments in certain foreign countries participate to a significant degree, through ownership or regulation, in their respective economies. Action by such a government could have a significant effect on the market price of securities issued in its country. These risks may be higher when investing in emerging market issuers. Certain of these risks also apply to securities of U.S. issuers with significant non-U.S. operations. Global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, which increases the possibilities that conditions in one country or region may adversely affect issuers in a different country or region
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Prepayment and Extension Risk. The risk that declining interest rates may cause borrowers to prepay mortgages and debt obligations underlying the securities owned by a Fund. The proceeds received by a Fund from prepayments will likely be reinvested at interest rates lower than the original investment, thus resulting in a reduction of income to a Fund. Likewise, rising interest rates could reduce prepayments and extend the life of securities with lower interest rates, which may increase the sensitivity of a Fund’s value to rising interest rates.
Regulatory Risk. New laws and regulations promulgated by governments and regulatory authorities may affect the value of securities issued by specific companies, in specific industries or sectors, or in all securities issued in the affected country. In times of political or economic stress or market turmoil, governments and regulators may intervene directly in markets and take actions that may adversely affect certain industries, securities, or specific companies. Government and/or regulatory intervention may reduce the value of debt and equity securities issued by affected companies and may also severely limit a Fund’s ability to trade those securities.
SmallCap Stock Risk. The risk that stocks of smaller capitalization companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than stocks of larger, more established companies. Small capitalization companies may have limited product lines or financial resources, or may be dependent upon a small or inexperienced management group, and their securities may trade less frequently and in lower volume than the securities of larger companies, which could lead to higher transaction costs. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater the risk.
Additional Risks
Portfolio Turnover. The Funds generally intend to purchase securities for long-term investments rather than short-term gains. However, a security may be held for a shorter than expected period of time if, among other things, Shelton needs to raise cash in the Fund or feels that it is appropriate to do so. Portfolio holdings may also be sold sooner than anticipated due to unexpected changes in the markets. Buying and selling securities may involve incurring some expense to a Fund, such as commissions paid to brokers and other transaction costs. By selling a security, a Fund may realize taxable capital gains that it will subsequently distribute to shareholders. Generally speaking, the higher a Fund’s annual portfolio turnover, the greater its brokerage costs and the greater likelihood that it will realize taxable capital gains. Increased brokerage costs may affect a Fund’s performance. Also, unless you are a tax-exempt investor, or you purchase shares through a tax-deferred account, the distributions of capital gains may affect your after- tax return. For some Funds, annual portfolio turnover of 100% or more is considered high.
Temporary Defensive Positions. In certain market conditions, some or all of a of a Fund’s securities may be sold and the proceeds retained as cash, or temporarily invested in U.S. government securities or money market instruments, if the Fund’s investment manager believes it is in the best interest of shareholders to do so. As of the date of this Prospectus, this has never happened; but if it were to occur, the investment goals of the relevant Funds might not be achieved.
Valuation Risk. Some or all of the securities held by a Fund may be valued using “fair value” techniques, rather than market quotations, under the circumstances described in this Prospectus under “How Fund Shares are Priced.” Security values may differ depending on the methodology used to determine their values, and may differ from the last quoted sales or closing prices. No assurance can be given that the use of these fair value procedures will always best represent the price at which a Fund could sell the affected portfolio security or result in a more accurate net asset value per share of a Fund.
Fund Organization and Management
SCM Trust. SCM Trust, a Massachusetts business trust (the “Trust”), is a family of five no-load mutual funds, each of which is described in this combined prospectus. A Board of Trustees, consisting of four individuals, has primary responsibility for the oversight of the management of each Fund for the benefit of its shareholders, not day-to-day management. The Board authorizes the Trust to enter into service agreements with Shelton Capital Management and other service providers to provide necessary or desirable services on behalf of the Trust and the Funds. Shareholders are not parties to or third-party beneficiaries of such service agreements. Neither this prospectus nor the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), any documents filed as exhibits to the Trust’s registration statement, nor any other communications, disclosure documents or regulatory filings from or on behalf of the Trust or a Fund creates a contract between or among any shareholder of a Fund, on the one hand, and the Trust, a Fund, a service provider to the Trust or a Fund, and/or the Trustees or officers of the Trust, on the other hand. The Board of Trustees (or the Trust and its officers, service providers or other delegates acting under authority of the Board) may amend or use a new prospectus or SAI with respect to a Fund or the Trust, and/or amend, file and/or issue any other communications, disclosure documents, or regulatory filings, and may amend or enter into any contracts to which the Trust or a Fund is a party, and interpret or amend the investment objective(s), policies, restrictions, and contractual provisions applicable to any Fund, without shareholder input or approval, except in circumstances in which shareholder approval is specifically required by law (such as changes to fundamental investment restrictions) or where a shareholder approval requirement is specifically disclosed in the Trust’s then-current prospectus or SAI.
Shelton Capital Management. The investment advisor for the Funds is Shelton Capital Management, 1050 17th Street, Suite 1710, Denver, CO 80265. Shelton manages over $2 billion of assets as of March 26, 2018. Shelton has been managing mutual funds since 1985. Shelton is responsible for managing the Funds and handling the administrative requirements of the Funds. As compensation for managing the portfolios, Shelton receives a management fee from each Fund. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, the fees, net of reimbursements, were 1.25% for the Shelton Greater China Fund; 0.90% for the Shelton BDC Income Fund; 0.80% for the Shelton Real Estate Income Fund; 1.17% for the Shelton Tactical Credit Fund; and 0.74% for the Shelton International Select Equity Fund.
Mr. Andrew Manton has served as a member of the portfolio management team for the International Select Equity Fund since the Fund’s inception, and as the lead portfolio manager since May 2018. He has served a member of the portfolio management team for the Shelton Greater China Fund since November 13, 2017. Mr. Manton joined the Advisor in July 2016 after serving as a Senior Portfolio Manager at WHV. Prior to his affiliation with WHV, Mr. Manton was a Senior Research Analyst and a member of the Large Cap Global Equities team at Victory Capital Management, and an analyst in both the fundamental Active Equities and Quantitative Strategies groups at Deutsche Asset Management. He has a BS in Finance from the University of Illinois at Chicago and an MBA with a concentration in Quantitative Finance and Accounting from the Tepper School of Business at Carnegie Mellon University.
Mr. John Harnisch, CFA, has served as the lead portfolio manager of the Tactical Credit Fund and the BDC Income Fund since joining the Advisor in July 2016. He has served as the lead portfolio manager of the Real Estate Income Fund since April 30, 2018. Mr. Harnisch is a member of the portfolio management teams of other funds managed by the Advisor: the U.S. Government Securities Fund, Short-Term U.S. Government Bond Fund, California Tax-Free Income Fund and United States Treasury Trust. Prior to joining the firm, he was a portfolio manager at Acuity Capital Management, and he worked previously for Babson Capital Management. Mr. Harnisch earned a BA in Economics from Trinity College in 2002 and earned the CFA charter in 2006. He is currently a member of the Hartford CFA Society and the CFA Institute.
Mr. William Mock has served as a member of the portfolio management team for the Shelton Tactical Credit Fund, the BDC Income Fund and the Real Estate Income Fund since March 29, 2017 (April 20, 2018 in the case of the Real Estate Income Fund). Mr. Mock has served as the lead portfolio manager for other funds managed by the Advisor: the U.S. Government Securities Fund, Short-Term U.S. Government Bond Fund, California Tax-Free Income Fund and United States Treasury Trust since 2010. Mr. Mock is a member the team managing the Shelton Tactical Credit Fund. Mr. Mock also served as portfolio manager of the Shelton Greater China Fund from 2012 to 2017. He served as a portfolio manager for Shelton from 2001 to 2003, managing the Short- Term U.S. Government Bond Fund, U.S. Government Securities Fund, California Tax-Free Income Fund and United States Treasury Trust. He left
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the firm in 2003 to work for TKI Capital Management, a convertible arbitrage hedge fund, where he served as head Trader until 2006. In 2007, Mr. Mock rejoined an affiliate of Shelton, ETSpreads, and continues as a partner in this affiliate. Prior to 2001, Mr. Mock gained investment and trading experience at Société Générale and Citibank, N.A. Mr. Mock earned a BS in engineering from Kansas State University and is an honors graduate of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business MBA Program, with an emphasis in finance.
The statement of additional information (“SAI”) provides additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and the portfolio managers’ ownership of securities of the Funds.
Other. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the investment advisory agreements for each Fund is available in the Fund’s semi-annual report for the period year ended June 30, 2017. The SAI provides additional information about the Board of Trustees, portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and the portfolio managers’ ownership of securities of the Funds.
How to Buy Shares
You may buy shares directly from the Funds’ distributor, or through third-party distributors, brokerage firms and retirement plans. If you invest through a third-party distributor, many of the policies, options and fees charged for the transaction may be different. You should contact them directly for information regarding how to invest or redeem through third-party distributors.
The following information is specific to buying directly from the Funds’ distributor.
Opening an Account. You can open an account online or by downloading an application from our website at www.sheltoncap.com and mailing the completed form to us. For questions, call us at (800) 955-9988.
You will find all the necessary application materials included in the packet accompanying this Prospectus. You may also open an account online by accessing our website at www.sheltoncap.com. Additional paperwork may be required for entity investors, including corporations, associations, and trusts, and for certain fiduciaries. The minimum initial investments and subsequent investments for each Fund are as follows:
Minimum Initial Investment | Minimum Subsequent Investment | |
Accounts with Automatic Investment Plan (“AIP”) | $500 | $100 |
All other Funds’ accounts | $1,000 | $100 |
The Funds’ distributor may change the minimum investment amounts at any time or waive them at its discretion. To protect against fraud, it is the policy of the Funds not to accept unknown third-party checks for the purposes of opening new accounts or purchasing additional shares. If you have any questions concerning the application materials, wire transfers, our yields and net asset values, or our investment policies and objectives, please call us toll-free at (800) 955-9988.
Distribution (12b-1) Fees
Investor Class shares of the Funds pay RFS Partners the principal underwriter, a distribution (12b-1) fee. Because distribution (12b-1) fees are paid out of fund assets on an ongoing basis, 12b-1 fees will, over time, increase the cost of your investment in a fund and may cost you more than other types of sales charges.
These fees are computed as an annual percentage of the average daily net assets of each class of shares of a Fund, as follows:
Distribution Fee | |
Investor Class Shares | 0.25% |
How to Buy Shares – Initial Purchase
Make your check payable to the name of the Fund in which you are investing and mail it with the application to the transfer agent of the Funds, Gemini Fund Services, LLC, at the address indicated below. Please note the minimum initial investments previously listed.
SCM Trust
C/O Gemini Fund Services, LLC
17605 Wright Street
Omaha, NE 68130
You may also forward your check (and application, for new accounts) to the Funds’ offices, which will in turn forward your check (and application, for new accounts) on your behalf to the Funds’ agent for processing. You will receive the share price next determined after your check has been received by the agent. Please note that this means that the shares will be purchased at the next calculated price after receipt by the agent, which is typically the next business day following receipt at the Funds’ offices. The Funds’ office is located at the following address:
SCM Trust
1050 17th Street, Suite 1710
Denver, CO 80265-2077
You also may buy shares of a Fund through selected securities brokers. Your broker is responsible for the transmission of your order to Gemini Fund Services, LLC, the Fund’s transfer agent, and may charge you a fee. You will generally receive the share price next determined after your order is placed with your broker, in accordance with your broker’s agreed upon procedures with the Funds. Your broker can advise you of specific details.
Purchasing by Exchange
You may purchase shares in a Fund by exchanging shares from an account in one of our other Funds, including other mutual funds managed by Shelton Capital Management which are not described in this Prospectus. Please see our website, call the number above, or consult your financial adviser or broker for more information. Such exchanges must meet the minimum amounts required for initial or subsequent investments. When opening an account by exchanging shares, your new account must be established with the same registration and an exchange authorization must be in effect. If you have an existing account with us and an exchange authorization in effect, call (800) 955-9988 during normal business hours (8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Mountain Time) to exchange shares. You may also exchange shares by accessing our website at www.sheltoncap.com. You must complete the online access agreement in order to access your account online. Each exchange actually represents the sale of shares of one Fund and the purchase of shares in another, which may produce a capital gain or loss for tax purposes. All transactions are processed at the share price next calculated after receiving the instructions in good order (as described below), generally at the normally scheduled close of trading on the NYSE, typically 4 p.m. Eastern Time.
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Wiring Instructions and Use of Checks
For wiring money to your account, you can obtain specific wire instructions by calling (800) 955-9988. In order to make your order effective, we must have your order in good form as described below. Please note a Fund and Shelton reserve the right to reject any purchase. Your purchase will be processed at the net asset value next calculated after your order has been received by the Fund’s agent. You will begin to earn dividends as of the first business day following the day of your purchase. All your purchases must be made in U.S. dollars, and checks must be drawn on banks located in the United States. We reserve the right to limit the number of investment checks processed at one time. If a check does not clear, we will cancel your purchase. You will be liable for any losses and fees incurred in connection with a check that does not clear for any reason, including insufficient funds. When you purchase by check, redemption proceeds will not be sent until we are satisfied that the investment has been collected (confirmation of clearance may take up to 15 days). Payments by check or other negotiable bank deposit will normally be effective within 2 business days for checks drawn on a member of the Federal Reserve System and longer for most other checks. You can wire federal funds from your bank or broker, which may charge you a fee. The Funds do not consider the U.S. Postal Service or other independent delivery services to be their agents. Therefore, deposit in the mail or with such delivery services does not constitute receipt by the Funds’ transfer agent or the Funds.
Purchasing Additional Shares
Make your check payable to the Fund in which you are investing, write your account number on the check, and mail your check with the deposit slip from your most recent statement to the address printed on your account statement. There is a $100 minimum for subsequent investments. After setting up your online account, you may obtain a history of transactions for your account(s) by accessing our website at www.sheltoncap.com.
Automatic Investment Plan
Using the Funds’ Automatic Investment Plan, or AIP, you may arrange to make additional purchases automatically by electronic funds transfer (“EFT”) from your checking or savings account. Your bank must be a member of the Automated Clearing House. You can terminate the program with ten days written notice. There is no fee to participate in this program, however, a service fee of $25.00 will be deducted from your account for any AIP purchase that does not clear due to insufficient funds, or if prior to notifying the Funds in writing or by telephone to terminate the plan, you close your bank account or take other action in any manner that prevents withdrawal of the funds from the designated checking or savings account. Investors may enroll on our website or by calling the Funds and obtaining a paper form. The share prices of the Funds are subject to fluctuations. Before undertaking any plan for systematic investment, you should keep in mind that such a program does not assure a profit or protect against a loss. We reserve the right to suspend the offering of shares of any of the Funds for a period of time and to reject any specific purchase order in whole or in part. The Funds do not send individual transaction confirmations to individuals participating in an automatic investment plan. You will receive a quarterly statement of all transactions occurring during the most recent calendar quarter.
How Fund Shares are Priced
The share price (net asset value per share or NAV) for a Fund is normally calculated as of the scheduled close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), generally 4 p.m. ET, each day that the NYSE is open for business. The NAV is calculated by dividing Fund net assets (i.e. total assets minus total liabilities) by the number of shares outstanding. For purposes of determining the NAV, security transactions are normally recorded one business day after the trade date. If the NYSE is unexpectedly closed due to weather or other extenuating circumstances on a day it would normally be open for business, or if the NYSE has an unscheduled early closing, the Funds reserve the right to accept purchase and redemption orders and calculate their share price as of the normally scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE for that day. If a Fund’s authorized agent receives your request in good order (as described below) before the time as of which a Fund prices its shares (generally the normally scheduled close of trading on the NYSE, at 4 p.m. ET), your transactions will be priced at that day’s NAV. If your request is received after such time, it will be priced at the next business day’s NAV. A Fund cannot accept orders that request a particular day or price for your transaction or any other special conditions. The time at which transactions and shares are priced and the time until which orders are accepted may be changed in case of an emergency or if the NYSE closes at a time other than 4 p.m. ET. Some securities may be listed on foreign exchanges that are open on days (such as U.S. holidays) when the Funds do not calculate their NAVs. This could cause the value of a Fund’s portfolio investments to be affected by trading on days when you cannot buy or sell shares. For purposes of calculating the NAV, portfolio holdings for which market quotations are readily available are valued at market value. Listed securities, for example, are generally valued using the official quoted close price or the last sale on the exchange that is determined to be the primary market for the security. Other portfolio holdings, such as debt securities, certain preferred stocks, and derivatives traded over the counter, are valued using prices received from independent pricing services which utilize dealer quotes, recent transaction data, pricing models, and other inputs to arrive at market-based valuations. Pricing models may consider quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, cash flows (including prepayment speeds), and credit risk. Exchange-traded derivatives are generally valued at the settlement price determined by the relevant exchange and centrally cleared derivatives are generally valued at the price determined by the relevant clearing house. Short-term securities with less than 60 days to maturity may be valued at amortized cost if amortized cost approximates current value. Mutual funds are valued at their respective net asset values. Security values are not discounted based on the size of the Fund’s position and may differ from the value a Fund receives upon the sale of the securities. If market quotations are not readily available or if normal valuation procedures produce valuations that are deemed unreliable or inappropriate under the circumstances existing at the time, the investment will be valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Funds’ Board of Trustees. The Board of Trustees has appointed Shelton Capital Management to make fair value determinations in accordance with the Funds’ Valuation Policies (“Valuation Policies”), subject to Board oversight. Shelton Capital Management has established a Pricing Committee. The Pricing Committee is responsible for implementing the Valuation Policies, including determining the fair value of securities and other investments when necessary. The Pricing Committee considers relevant indications of value that are reasonably available to it in determining the fair value assigned to a particular security, such as the value of similar financial instruments, trading volumes, contractual restrictions on disposition, related corporate actions, and changes in economic conditions. As trading in securities on most foreign exchanges is normally completed before the close of the NYSE, the value of non-U.S. securities can change by the time the Fund calculates its NAV. Valuing securities through a fair value determination involves greater reliance on judgment than valuation of securities based on readily available market quotations. In some instances, lack of information and uncertainty as to the significance of information may lead to a conclusion that a prior valuation is the best indication of a security’s value. When fair value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by a Fund to calculate its NAV may differ from quoted or published prices for the same securities.
How to Sell Shares
You may redeem all or a portion of your shares on any business day that the Funds are open for business. Your shares will be redeemed at the net asset value next calculated (after the close of the NYSE which is 4 PM Eastern Time) after the Fund’s agent has received your redemption request in good order (as described below). Remember that a Fund may hold redemption proceeds until we are satisfied that we have collected the purchase price for any shares purchased by check. To avoid possible delays, which could be up to 15 days, you should consider making your investment by wire, following the instructions as described in the section titled “Wire Instructions” in this Prospectus.
By Mail
If you have not elected telephone redemption or transfer privileges, you must send a letter of instruction. Additionally, if the check is to be made payable to a third-party or sent to an address other than the address of record, you must obtain a “medallion signature guarantee” on the letter of instruction. The letter of instruction must specify (i) the name of the Fund, (ii) the number of shares to be sold and/or the dollar amount, (iii) your name(s), and (iv) your account number(s). The letter of instruction is to be mailed to the Funds’ offices. If you have additional questions, please contact us at (800) 955-9988. The
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Funds’ Transfer Agent requires that each individual’s signature(s) appearing on a redemption request be guaranteed by an eligible signature guarantor such as a commercial bank, broker-dealer, credit union, securities exchange or association, clearing agency or savings association. This policy is designed to protect shareholders who do not elect telephone privileges on their accounts.
By Exchange
You must meet the minimum investment requirement of the Fund into which you are exchanging. You can only exchange between accounts with identical account registrations. Same day exchanges are accepted until market close, normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time.
By Wire
You must have applied for the wire feature on your account. We will notify you when this feature is active, and you may then make wire redemptions by calling us before 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time (1:00 p.m., Pacific Time). This means your money will be wired to your bank the next business day.
By Electronic Funds Transfer
You must have applied for the EFT withdrawal feature on your account. Typically, money sent by EFT will be sent to your bank within three business days after the sales of your securities. There is no fee for this service.
Online
You can sell shares in a regular account by accessing our website at www.sheltoncap.com. You may not buy or sell shares in a retirement account using our online feature. If you have recently added banking information or changed your address online, there is a 15-day delay from the date of the change to when the redemption will be sent out.
By Telephone
You must have telephone privileges set up in advance of any transaction on your account. Provide the name of the Fund from which you are redeeming shares, the exact name in which your account is registered, your account number, the required identification information and the number of shares or dollar amount that you wish to redeem. Unless you submit an account enrollment form that indicates that you have declined telephone and/or online exchange privileges, you agree, by signing your account enrollment form, to authorize and direct the Funds to accept and act upon telephone, online and fax instructions for exchanges involving your account or any other account with the same registration. The Funds employ reasonable procedures in an effort to confirm the authenticity of your instructions. These procedures will require a redeeming shareholder to give a special authorization number or password. Provided these procedures are followed, you further agree that neither the Funds nor the Funds’ agent will be responsible for any loss, damage, cost or expense arising out of any instructions received for an account. You should realize that by electing the telephone privileges and online access options, you may be giving up a measure of security that you might otherwise have if you were to exchange your shares in writing. For reasons involving the security of your account, telephone transactions may be recorded.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan
If you own shares of a Fund with a value of $10,000 or more, you may establish a Systematic Withdrawal Plan. You may receive monthly or quarterly payments in amounts of not less than $100 per payment. Details of this plan may be obtained by calling the Funds at (800) 955-9988.
Other Redemption Policies
Payment of Redemption Proceeds: The Trust is committed to pay in cash all requests for redemption by any shareholder of record, limited in amount, however, during any 90-day period to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the value of the applicable Fund's net assets at the beginning of such period. Such commitment is irrevocable without the prior approval of the SEC.
Redemption-in-Kind: In the case of requests for redemption in excess of such amounts, the Trustees reserve the right to make payments in whole or in part in securities or other assets of the Fund from which the shareholder is redeeming. Such payments-in -kind might be made, for example, in case of stressed market conditions, or if the payment of such a redemption in cash would be detrimental to the existing shareholders of that Fund or the Trust. In such circumstances, the securities distributed would be valued at the price used to compute such Fund's net asset value. Should a Fund do so, a shareholder would likely incur transaction fees in converting the securities to cash. However, a Fund could be practically limited in its ability to redeem shares in-kind due to logistical or other issues.
Redemption Methods Available: Generally, a Fund expects to pay redemption proceeds in cash. To do so, a Fund typically expects to satisfy redemption requests either by using available cash (or cash equivalents) or by selling portfolio securities. These methods may be used during both normal and stressed market conditions.
Retirement Plan Redemptions: Retirement Plan shareholders should complete a Rollover Distribution Election Form in order to sell shares of the Funds so that the sale is treated properly for tax purposes. Once your shares are redeemed, we will normally mail you the proceeds on the next business day, but within no later than 7 business days. When the markets are closed (or when trading is restricted) for any reason other than its customary weekend or holiday closing, or under any emergency circumstances as determined by the SEC to merit such action, we may suspend redemption or postpone payment dates.
Low Balance Accounts: If you want to keep your account(s) open, please be sure that the value of your account does not fall below $1,000 due to redemptions. Shelton may elect to close an account that falls below the minimum and mail you the proceeds to the address of record. We will give you 30 days written notice that your account(s) will be closed unless you make an investment to increase your account balance(s) to the $1,000. If you close your account, any accrued dividends will be paid as part of your redemption proceeds. The share prices of the Funds will fluctuate, and you may receive more or less than your original investment when you redeem your shares.
Other Important Policies Related to Buying and Selling Shares
Good Order. Good order means that the request includes:
• | Fund name and account number; |
• | Amount of the transaction in dollars or shares; (if redemption is requested by internet or mail, the amount of the transaction may be stated in percentage terms); |
• | Signatures of all owners exactly as registered on the account (for written requests); |
• | Medallion Signature Guarantee, if required (see Medallion Signature Guarantees); and |
• | Any supporting legal documentation that may be required. |
• | Clear and actionable instructions to the Fund as applicable |
Note: for corporate/institutional accounts only, the required signature(s) must be either (1) Medallion-guaranteed and clearly indicate the capacity of the signer to act for the corporation or institution or (2) that of an authorized signatory as indicated by the account records.
Medallion Signature Guarantees. You will need to have your signature Medallion guaranteed in certain situations, including but not limited to:
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• | Sending redemption proceeds to any person, address, or bank account not on record; and |
• | Transferring redemption proceeds to a SCM Trust account with a different registration (name/ownership) from yours; and |
• | Changes to account ownership, signature authority or registration. |
A Medallion Signature Guarantee may be obtained from a domestic bank or trust company, broker, dealer, clearing agency, savings association, or other financial institution which participates in a Medallion program recognized by the Securities Transfer Association. Signature guarantees from financial institutions which do not participate in a Medallion program will not be accepted. A notary public cannot provide Medallion Signature Guarantees.
Keep in mind the following important policies:
• | A Fund may take up to 7 business days to pay redemption proceeds. |
• | If your shares were recently purchased by check, the Fund will not release your redemption proceeds until payment of the check can be verified which may take up to 15 days. |
• | Exchange purchases must meet the minimum investment amounts of the Fund you are purchasing. |
• | You must obtain and read the Prospectus for the Fund you are buying prior to making the exchange. |
• | If you have not selected the convenient exchange privileges on your original account application, you must provide a medallion signature guaranteed letter of instruction to the Fund, directing any changes in your account. |
• | The Funds may refuse any purchase or exchange purchase transaction for any reason. |
• | Each signature on a request for redemption or account registration change must be medallion signature guaranteed separately. |
• | All share activity is subject to federal and state rules and regulations. These are in place to prevent, among other things, money laundering and other illegal movements of money. |
THE FUNDS AND SHELTON RESERVE CERTAIN RIGHTS, INCLUDING THE FOLLOWING:
• | To automatically redeem your shares if your account balance falls below the minimum balance due to the sale of shares. |
• | To modify or terminate the exchange privilege on 60 days written notice. |
• | To refuse any purchase or exchange purchase order. |
• | To change or waive a Fund’s minimum investment amount. |
• | To suspend the right to redeem shares, and delay sending proceeds, during times when trading on the principal markets for the Funds are restricted or halted, or otherwise as permitted by the SEC. |
• | To withdraw or suspend any part of the offering made by this Prospectus. |
• | To automatically redeem your shares if you fail to provide all required enrollment information and documentation. |
Other Policies
Tax-Saving Retirement Plans
We can set up your new account in a Fund under one of several tax-sheltered plans. The following plans let you save for your retirement and shelter your investment earnings from current income taxes: IRAs/Roth IRAs: You can also make investments in the name of your spouse if your spouse has no earned income. SIMPLE, SEP, 401(k)/Profit-Sharing and Money-Purchase Plans (Keogh): Open to corporations, self-employed people and partnerships, to benefit themselves and their employees. 403(b) Plans. Open to eligible employees of certain states and non-profit organizations. Each IRA is subject to an annual custodial fee of $10.00 per social security number. The annual custodial fee will be waived for IRAs with a balance greater than $10,000. The Funds reserve the right to change, modify or eliminate this waiver at any time. We can provide you with complete information on any of these plans, including information that discusses benefits, provisions and fees.
Cash Distributions
Unless you otherwise indicate on the account application, we will reinvest all dividends and capital gains distributions back into your account. You may indicate on the application that you wish to receive either income dividends or capital gains distributions in cash. EFT is available to those investors who would like their dividends electronically transferred to their bank accounts. For those investors who do not request this feature, dividend checks will be mailed via regular mail. If you elect to receive distributions by mail and the U.S. Postal Service cannot deliver your checks or if the checks remain uncashed for six months or more, we will void the checks and reinvest your money in your account at the then current net asset value and reinvest your subsequent distributions.
Statements and Reports
Shareholders of the Funds will receive statements at least quarterly and after every transaction (other than AIP transactions) that affects their share balance and/or account registration. Shareholders receiving paper statements may be required to pay an account fee of $25. A statement with tax information will be mailed to you by January 31 of each year, a copy of which will be filed with the IRS if it reflects any taxable distributions. Twice a year you will receive our financial statements, at least one of which will be audited. The account statements you receive will show the total number of shares you own and a current market value. You may rely on these statements in lieu of share certificates which are not necessary and are not issued. You should keep your statements to assist in record keeping and tax calculations. We pay for regular reporting services, but not for special services. Special services would include a request for a historical transcript of an account. You may be required to pay a separate fee for these special services. As an alternative to requesting special services, you can establish an online account. Once the online account is established, you may also obtain a transaction history for your account(s) by accessing our website atwww.sheltoncap.com.
Consolidated Mailings & Householding
Consolidated statements offer convenience to investors by summarizing account information and reducing unnecessary mail. We send these statements to all shareholders unless shareholders specifically request otherwise. These statements include a summary of all funds held by each shareholder as identified by the first line of registration, social security number and zip code. Householding refers to the practice of mailing one Prospectus, Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report to each home for all household investors. If you would like extra copies of these reports, please download a copy from www.sheltoncap.com or call the Funds at (800) 955-9988. If you would like to elect out of household-based mailings or to receive a complimentary copy of the current SAI, annual or semi-annual report, please call Shelton or write to the Secretary of the Funds at 1050 17th Street, Suite 1710, Denver, CO 80265.
Electronic Delivery of Documents
You may sign up for electronic statements online or by calling shareholder services at (800) 955-9988. If you sign up over the telephone, a temporary password will be issued to you and you must reset the password to secure your account and access.
Financial Intermediaries
You may purchase or sell Fund shares through a financial intermediary, which may charge you a fee for this service and may require different minimum initial and subsequent investments than the Funds. Financial intermediaries may also impose other charges or restrictions different from those applicable to shareholders who invest in the Funds directly. In addition, a broker may charge a commission to its customers on transactions in Fund shares, provided
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the broker acts solely on an agency basis for its customer and does not receive any distribution-related payment in connection with the transaction. Shareholders who are customers of financial intermediaries or participants in programs serviced by them should contact the financial intermediaries for additional information. A financial intermediary may be the shareholder of record of your shares. The Funds, Shelton Capital Management, Gemini Fund Services, and each of their respective directors, trustees, officers, employees, and agents are not responsible for the failure of any financial intermediary to carry out its obligations to its customers.
Shelton Capital Management, out of its own resources, and without additional cost to the Funds or their shareholders, may provide additional cash payments or non-cash compensation to financial intermediaries who sell shares of the Funds. Such payments and compensation are in addition to service fees paid by the Funds. These additional cash payments are generally made to intermediaries that provide shareholder servicing, marketing support and/or access to sales meetings, sales representatives and management representatives of the intermediary. Cash compensation may also be paid to financial intermediaries for the inclusion of the Funds on the sales list, including a preferred or select sales list, in other sales programs or as an expense reimbursement in cases where the intermediary provides shareholder services to Fund shareholders.
Risks of Frequent Trading in Fund Shares
The Funds are intended for long-term investment purposes and not for market timing or excessive short-term trading. Frequent trading of significant portions of a Fund’s shares may adversely affect Fund performance and therefore, the interests of long-term investors. Volatility in portfolio cash balances resulting from excessive purchases or sales or exchanges of Fund shares, especially involving large dollar amounts, may disrupt efficient portfolio management and make it difficult to implement long-term investment strategies. In particular, frequent trading of Fund shares may:
• | Cause a Fund to keep more assets in money market instruments or other very liquid holdings than it would otherwise like, causing the Fund to miss out on gains in a rising market, or |
• | Force a Fund to sell some of its investments sooner than it would otherwise like in order to honor redemptions, and |
• | Increase brokerage commissions and other portfolio transaction expenses if securities are constantly being bought and sold by the Fund as assets and move in and out. |
To the extent any fund significantly invests in illiquid or restricted securities, such as high-yield bonds or small-cap equity securities, because these securities are often infrequently traded, investors may seek to trade Fund shares in an effort to benefit from their understanding of the value of these securities.
Procedures to Limit Short-Term Trading in Fund Shares
The Funds have adopted policies and procedures designed to discourage short-term trading. Although market-timing can take place in many forms, the Funds generally define a market-timing account as an account that habitually redeems or exchanges Fund shares in an effort to profit from short-term movements in the price of securities held by the Funds. The Funds seek to eliminate such purchases and have taken steps that it believes to be reasonable to discourage such activity. The Funds’ frequent trading policies and procedures seek to identify frequent trading by monitoring purchase and redemption activities in each Fund over certain periodic intervals and above certain dollar thresholds. The policies include communicating with relevant shareholders or financial intermediaries, and placing restrictions on share transactions, when deemed appropriate by the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order. While the Funds make efforts to identify and restrict frequent trading that could impact the management of a Fund, the Funds receive purchase and sales orders through financial intermediaries and cannot always know or detect frequent trading that may be facilitated by the use of intermediaries or by the use of combined or omnibus accounts by those intermediaries. If a shareholder, in the opinion of a Fund, continues to attempt to use the Fund for market-timing strategies after being notified by the Fund or its agent, the account(s) of that shareholder may be closed to new purchases and exchange privileges may be suspended. Additionally, if any transaction is deemed to have the potential to adversely impact a Fund, the Fund has certain rights listed and detailed later in this prospectus.
The application of the Funds’ excessive trading policies involves judgments that are inherently subjective and involve some selectivity in their application. The Funds, however, seek to make judgments that are consistent with the interests of the Funds’ shareholders. No matter how the Funds define excessive trading, other purchases and sales of Fund shares may have adverse effects on the management of a Fund’s portfolio and its performance. Additionally, due to the complexity and subjectivity involved in identifying excessive trading and the volume of Fund shareholder transactions, there can be no guarantee that the Funds will be able to identify violations of the excessive trading policy or to reduce or eliminate all detrimental effects of excessive trading.
The restrictions above may not apply to shares held in omnibus accounts for which the Funds do not receive sufficient transactional detail to enforce such restrictions.
Identity Verification Procedures Notice
The USA PATRIOT Act requires financial institutions, including mutual funds, to adopt certain policies and programs to prevent money-laundering activities, including procedures to verify the identity of customers opening new accounts. When completing the account application, you will be required to supply the Funds with your taxpayer identification number and other information the Fund considers appropriate to assist the Funds in verifying your identity. Until such verification is made, the Funds may temporarily limit additional share purchases. In addition, the Funds may limit additional share purchases or close an account if it is unable to verify a customer’s identity. As required by law, the Funds may employ various procedures to ensure that the information supplied by you is correct. These procedures may incorporate comparing the information provided to fraud databases or requesting additional information or documentation from you. Your information will be handled by us as discussed in our privacy statement below.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
The Funds provide a complete list of their holdings four times in each fiscal year, as of the end of each quarter. The Funds file the lists with the SEC on Form N-CSR (second and fourth quarters) and Form N-Q (first and third quarters). Shareholders may view the Funds’ Forms N-CSR and N-Q on the SEC’s website at sec.gov. Forms N-CSR and N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, DC. Information regarding the operations of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling 202-551-8090 (direct) or 800- SEC-0330 (general SEC number). Shareholders may contact the Funds at (800) 955-9988 for a copy of the Form N-Q filing.
Shareholders will receive portfolio holdings information via annual and semi-annual reports, which will be mailed to shareholders and posted on the Funds’ website. Portfolio holdings will be made available by Gemini Financial Services, the Trust’s service provider, ten business day after month-end by releasing the information to ratings agencies. A more complete description of the Funds’ policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Funds’ portfolio securities is available in the Funds’ SAI.
Dividends and Taxes
Dividends. Any investment in the Funds typically involves several tax considerations. The information below is meant as a general summary for U.S. citizens and residents. Because your situation may be different, it is important that you consult your tax advisor about the tax implications of your investment in any of the Funds. As a shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the dividends your Fund earns. All SCM Trust Funds distribute substantially all of their dividends quarterly with the exception of Shelton International Select Equity which distributes annually. Shareholders of record on the second to last business day of the quarter will receive the dividends. Shareholders of record on the second to last business day of the month will receive the dividends. Capital gains are generally paid on the last day of November, to shareholders of record on the second to last business day of November of
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each year. At the beginning of each year, shareholders are provided with information detailing the tax status of any dividend the Funds have paid during the previous year. After every distribution, the value of a Fund share drops by the amount of the distribution. If you purchase shares of one of the Funds before the record date of a distribution and elect to have distributions paid to you in cash, you will pay the full price for the shares and then receive some portion of that price back in the form of a taxable distribution. This is sometimes referred to as buying a dividend.
Taxes. This discussion only addresses the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in a Fund for U.S. persons and does not address any foreign tax consequences or, except where specifically noted, any state or local tax consequences. For purposes of this discussion, U.S. persons are:
(i) | U.S. citizens or residents; |
(ii) | U.S. corporations; |
(iii) | an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
(iv) | a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or certain electing trusts that were in existence on August 20, 1996, and were treated as domestic trusts on August 19, 1996. |
This discussion does not address issues of significance to U.S. persons in special situations such as (i) certain types of tax-exempt organizations, (ii) shareholders holding shares through tax-advantaged accounts (such as 401(k) plan accounts or individual retirement accounts), (iii) shareholders holding investments through foreign institutions (financial and non-financial) or through foreign accounts, (iv) financial institutions, (v) broker-dealers, (vi) entities not organized under the laws of the United States or a political subdivision thereof, (vii) shareholders holding shares as part of a hedge, straddle or conversion transaction, and (viii) shareholders who are subject to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax. If a partnership (including for this purpose any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. For further information regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in a Fund, investors should see the SAI under “TAXES-Taxation of the Funds.”
Non-U.S. persons that are considering the purchase of shares should consult with their own tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal, foreign, state and local tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares in a Fund.
Each Fund intends to meet all requirements under Subchapter M of the Code necessary to qualify for treatment as a “regulated investment company” (RIC) and thus does not expect to pay any U.S. federal income tax on income and capital gains distributed to shareholders. The Funds also intend to meet certain distribution requirements such that the Fund is not subject to U.S. federal income tax in general. This discussion assumes that the Funds will qualify under Subchapter M of the Code as RICs and will satisfy such distribution requirements. There can be no guarantee that this assumption will be correct.
Investors should consult with their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal, foreign, state and local tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
Taxation of Fund Distributions
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, shareholders of a Fund are generally subject to taxation based on the underlying character of the income and gain recognized by the Fund and distributed to the shareholders. Distributions of net capital gains that are properly designated by a Fund as capital gain dividends (“capital gain dividends”) will be taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gains. Generally, distributions of earnings derived from ordinary income and short-term capital gains will be taxable as ordinary income. Certain distributions from a Fund may be “qualified dividend income;’ which will be taxed to individuals and other non-corporate shareholders at favorable rates so long as certain holding period and other requirements are met. Corporate shareholders may be able to take a dividends-received deduction for a portion of the dividends they receive from a Fund, to the extent such dividends are received by the Fund from a domestic corporation and to the extent a portion of interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by the Fund are treated as dividends.
A Fund may realize long-term capital gains when it sells or redeems a security that it has owned for more than one year, or from transactions in so-called “section 1256 contracts,” which may generate both short-term and long-term capital gains distributions. A Fund may realize short-term capital gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for one year or less or from transactions in section 1256 contracts. A Fund may realize ordinary income from foreign currency gains, from interest on indebtedness owned by the Fund, and from other sources. The term “Section 1256 contract” refers to regulated future contracts, foreign currency contracts, non-equity options, debt options, dealer equity options, and certain other options.
Distributions of a Fund’s earnings are taxable whether a shareholder receives them in cash or reinvests them in additional shares. A dividend or distribution made shortly after a shareholder purchases shares of a Fund will be taxable even though such distribution is in effect a return of capital. An investor can avoid this result by investing after a Fund has paid a dividend.
Sale or Redemption of Fund Shares
A shareholder who sells or redeems shares of a Fund generally will recognize a gain or a loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount received in the redemption (net of any applicable redemption fees) and the shareholder’s aggregate adjusted basis in the shares surrendered.
Any capital gain or loss realized upon redemption of shares of a Fund is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year and as a short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for one year or less. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to significant limitations. For more information, see the SAI under “TAXES-Sale or Redemption of Shares.”
In certain circumstances, a loss realized upon a redemption of shares of a Fund may not be deducted currently under the rules governing “wash sales.” Persons redeeming shares should consult their own tax advisor with respect to whether the wash sale rules apply and when such a loss might be deductible.
Taxation of Certain Investments
A Fund’s investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding or other taxes, which would reduce a Fund’s yield on those securities. Shareholders generally will not be entitled to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction with respect to foreign taxes paid by a Fund, although it is possible that Fund may be able to elect to pass through foreign tax credits or deductions to its shareholders. The Funds make no assurances regarding their ability or willingness to so elect. In addition, a Fund’s investments in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the Fund’s recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of the Fund’s distributions. For more information, see the SAI under “TAXES-Special Tax Considerations.”
The Funds may, at times, buy debt obligations at a discount from their stated redemption price at maturity. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, any original issue discount inherent in such investments will be included in a Fund’s ordinary income as such income accrues. Even though payment of that amount may not be received until a later time and will be subject to the risk of nonpayment, it will be distributed to shareholders as taxable dividends. The Funds may also buy debt obligations in the secondary market that are treated as having market discount. Generally, gain recognized on the disposition of such an investment is taxed as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of the accrued market discount, but a Fund may elect instead to currently include the amount of market discount as ordinary income even though the Fund does not receive payment of such amount at that time. A Fund’s investments in certain mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and derivatives may also cause the Fund to recognize taxable
30
income in excess of the cash generated by such obligations. Thus, the Fund could be required at times to liquidate other investments in order to satisfy its distribution requirements, potentially increasing the amount of capital gain dividends made to shareholders.
Surtax on Net Investment Income
A 3.8% surtax applies to net investment income of an individual taxpayer, and on the undistributed net investment income of a trust or estate, to the extent that the taxpayer’s income exceeds certain amounts. Net investment income generally includes distributions paid by a Fund (except exempt-interest dividends) and capital gains from the sale or exchange of Fund shares. For information regarding the surtax on net investment income, see the SAI under “TAXES-Surtax on Net Investment Income.”
Backup Withholding
The Funds are required in certain circumstances to apply backup withholding on taxable dividends, redemption proceeds and certain other payments that are paid to any shareholder who does not furnish to a Fund certain information and certifications or who is otherwise subject to backup withholding. For more information regarding backup withholding, see the SAI under “TAXES-Backup Withholding.”
Tax Legislation
Congress has enacted far-reaching changes to the U.S. income tax laws. These changes may directly or indirectly affect investments in the Funds. See the SAI under “TAXES-Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.”
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Notice of Privacy Policy
FACTS | WHAT DO THE FUNDS DO WITH YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION? |
WHY? | Financial companies choose how they share your personal information. Federal law gives consumers the right to limit some but not all sharing. Federal law also requires us to tell you how we collect, share, and protect your personal information. Please read this notice carefully to understand what we do. |
WHAT? | The types of personal information we collect and share depend on the product or service you have with us. This information can include: ● Social Security number and account transactions ● Account balances and transaction history ● Wire transfer instructions |
HOW? | All financial companies need to share customers’ personal information to run their everyday business. In the section below, we list the reasons financial companies can share their customers’ personal information; the reasons the Funds choose to share; and whether you can limit this sharing. |
REASONS WE CAN SHARE YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION | DO THE FUNDS SHARE: | CAN YOU LIMIT THIS SHARING? |
For our everyday business purposes – such as to process your transactions, maintain your account(s), respond to court orders and legal investigations, or report to credit bureaus |
Yes | No |
For our marketing purposes – to offer our products and services to you |
No | We do not share. |
For joint marketing with other financial companies | No | We do not share. |
For our affiliates’ everyday business purposes – information about your transactions and experiences |
Yes | No |
For our affiliates’ everyday business purposes – information about your creditworthiness |
No | We do not share. |
For non-affiliates to market to you | No | We do not share. |
WHO WE ARE | |
Who is providing this notice? | SCM Trust |
WHAT WE DO | |
How do the Funds protect my personal information? | To protect your personal information from unauthorized access and use, we use security measures that comply with federal law. These measures include computer safeguards and secured files and buildings. |
How do the Funds collect my personal information? | We collect your personal information, for example, when you
● open an account ● provide account information or give us your contact information ● make a wire transfer or deposit money |
Why can’t I limit all sharing? | Federal law gives you the right to limit only
● sharing for affiliates’ everyday business purposes-information about your creditworthiness ● affiliates from using your information to market to you ● sharing for non-affiliates to market to you
State laws and individual companies may give you additional rights to limit sharing. |
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DEFINITIONS | |
Affiliates | Companies related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies. |
Non-affiliates | Companies not related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and nonfinancial companies. ● The Funds do not share with non-affiliates so they can market to you. |
Joint marketing | A formal agreement between non-affiliated financial companies that together market financial products or services to you. ● The Funds do not jointly market. |
OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION | |
California
Residents |
If your account has a California home address, your personal information will not be disclosed to nonaffiliated third parties except as permitted by applicable California law, and we will limit sharing such personal information with our affiliates to comply with California privacy laws that apply to us. |
Use of E-Mail Addresses:
If you have requested information regarding SCM Trust products and services and supplied your e-mail address to us, we may occasionally send you follow-up communications or information on additional products or services. Additionally, registered clients can subscribe to the following e-mail services:
● | Prospectus and Shareholder Reports – Receive prospectuses and shareholder reports online instead of by U. S. Mail. |
● | Paperless Statements – Receive an e-mail with a link to our Web site informing you that our client statements are available online to view, print or download. |
● | Tax Forms – Receive an e-mail with a link to our Web site informing you that our client tax forms are available online to view, print or download. |
We also include instructions and links for unsubscribing from Shelton e-mails. We do not sell email addresses to anyone, although we may disclose e-mail addresses to third parties that perform administrative or marketing services for us. We may track receipt of e- mails to gauge the effectiveness of our communications.
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Financial Highlights
The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s performance for the past five fiscal years. Certain information reflects financial results of a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been audited by Tait, Weller & Baker LLP, whose report, along with the Fund’s financial statements, are included in the Annual Report, available upon request.
Financial Highlights For a Share Outstanding Throughout Each Year or Period |
Shelton Greater China Fund Direct Shares | Year Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of year | $ | 6.86 | $ | 6.89 | $ | 7.55 | $ | 7.21 | $ | 7.12 | ||||||||||
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) (a) | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.03 | |||||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized) | 2.27 | 0.03 | (0.58 | ) | 0.36 | 0.28 | ||||||||||||||
Total from investment operations | 2.38 | 0.13 | (0.53 | ) | 0.44 | 0.31 | ||||||||||||||
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends from net investment income | (0.19 | ) | (0.16 | ) | (0.13 | ) | (0.10 | ) | (0.22 | ) | ||||||||||
Distributions from capital gains | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Total distributions | (0.19 | ) | (0.16 | ) | (0.13 | ) | (0.10 | ) | (0.22 | ) | ||||||||||
Net asset value, end of year | $ | 9.05 | $ | 6.86 | $ | 6.89 | $ | 7.55 | $ | 7.21 | ||||||||||
Total return | 34.85 | % | 1.95 | % | (7.05 | )% | 6.19 | % | 4.34 | % | ||||||||||
RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of year (000s) | $ | 8,885 | $ | 7,200 | $ | 7,726 | $ | 10,332 | $ | 11,415 | ||||||||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 2.62 | % | 3.13 | % | 2.60 | % | 2.69 | % | 3.00 | % | ||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 1.98 | % | 1.97 | % | 1.98 | % | 1.98 | % | 2.36 | % | ||||||||||
Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 0.67 | % | 0.31 | % | 0.01 | % | 0.33 | % | (0.22 | )% | ||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 1.31 | % | 1.47 | % | 0.63 | % | 1.04 | % | 0.42 | % | ||||||||||
Portfolio turnover | 25 | % | 11 | % | 0 | % | 5 | % | 10 | % |
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Shelton BDC Income Fund (c) | Institutional | Formerly | ||||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, | Year Ended | Period of | |||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period | $ | 9.11 | $ | 8.40 | $ | 9.65 | $ | 10.00 | ||||||||
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) (a) | 0.59 | 0.44 | 0.80 | 1.55 | ||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized) | (0.22 | ) | 0.72 | (1.36 | ) | (1.40 | ) | |||||||||
Total from investment operations | 0.37 | 1.16 | (0.56 | ) | 0.15 | |||||||||||
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends from net investment income | (0.56 | ) | (0.45 | ) | (0.69 | ) | (0.50 | ) | ||||||||
Distributions from capital gains | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Total distributions | (0.56 | ) | (0.45 | ) | (0.69 | ) | (0.50 | ) | ||||||||
Net asset value, end of period | $ | 8.92 | $ | 9.11 | $ | 8.40 | $ | 9.65 | ||||||||
Total return | 3.94 | % | 14.07 | % | (5.76 | )%(e) | 1.59 | %(e) | ||||||||
RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of year (000s) | $ | 1,610 | $ | 420 | $ | 443 | $ | 106 | ||||||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets: (j) | ||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 1.78 | % | 2.53 | % | 2.47 | % | 10.23 | %(f) | ||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 1.25 | % | 1.24 | % | 1.25 | % | 1.25 | %(f) | ||||||||
Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets (h) | 9.30 | % | 17.58 | %(f) | ||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 5.82 | % | 5.26 | % | ||||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 6.34 | % | 6.55 | % | ||||||||||||
Portfolio turnover | 118 | % | 38 | % | 166 | % | 33 | %(g) | ||||||||
(a) | Calculated based upon average shares outstanding. |
(b) | For the nine months ended December 31, 2016. |
(c) | Following the acquisition on November 4, 2016, Advisor Class and Class A were renamed Institutional Shares and Investor Shares. |
(d) | The inception date of Shelton BDC Income Fund is April 22, 2014; the commencement of operations and start of performance for Institutional Shares and Investor Shares is May 2, 2014. The inception date of Shelton Real Estate Income Fund is June 4, 2013; the commencement of operations and start of performance is June 7, 2013. |
(e) | Total returns shown exclude the effect of applicable sales loads/redemption fees. If the Adviser did not reimburse/waive a portion of the Fund’s expenses, total return would have been lower. Returns are not annualized |
(f) | Annualized |
(g) | Not annualized |
(h) | Recognition of net investment income by the Fund is affected by the timing in which the Fund invests. The ratio does not include the net income of the investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
(i) | Audited by other independent registered public accounting firm. |
(j) | Does not include expenses of investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
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Shelton BDC Income Fund (c) | Investor Shares | Formerly | ||||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | Year Ended | Year Ended | For the | |||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period | $ | 9.21 | $ | 8.51 | $ | 9.66 | $ | 10.00 | ||||||||
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) (a) | 0.54 | 0.44 | 0.70 | 0.77 | ||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized) | (0.19 | ) | 0.71 | (1.17 | ) | (0.62 | ) | |||||||||
Total from investment operations | 0.35 | 1.15 | (0.47 | ) | 0.15 | |||||||||||
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends from net investment income | (0.55 | ) | (0.45 | ) | (0.68 | ) | (0.49 | ) | ||||||||
Distributions from capital gains | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Total distributions | (0.55 | ) | (0.45 | ) | (0.68 | ) | (0.49 | ) | ||||||||
Net asset value, end of period | $ | 9.01 | $ | 9.21 | $ | 8.51 | $ | 9.66 | ||||||||
Total return | 3.73 | % | 13.74 | % | (4.83 | )%(e) | 1.56 | %(e) | ||||||||
RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of year (000s) | $ | 13,486 | $ | 13,614 | $ | 12,853 | $ | 11,658 | ||||||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets: (j) | ||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 2.04 | % | 2.82 | % | 2.66 | % | 7.61 | %(f) | ||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 1.50 | % | 1.50 | % | 1.45 | % | 1.50 | %(f) | ||||||||
Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets (h) | 7.89 | % | 8.94 | %(f) | ||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 5.21 | % | 5.16 | % | ||||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 5.73 | % | 6.48 | % | ||||||||||||
Portfolio turnover | 118 | % | 38 | % | 166 | % | 33 | %(g) | ||||||||
(a) | Calculated based upon average shares outstanding. |
(b) | For the nine months ended December 31, 2016. |
(c) | Following the acquisition on November 4, 2016, Advisor Class and Class A were renamed Institutional Shares and Investor Shares. |
(d) | The inception date of Shelton BDC Income Fund is April 22, 2014; the commencement of operations and start of performance for Institutional Shares and Investor Shares is May 2, 2014. The inception date of Shelton Real Estate Income Fund is June 4, 2013; the commencement of operations and start of performance is June 7, 2013. |
(e) | Total returns shown exclude the effect of applicable sales loads/redemption fees. If the Adviser did not reimburse/waive a portion of the Fund’s expenses, total return would have been lower. Returns are not annualized |
(f) | Annualized |
(g) | Not annualized |
(h) | Recognition of net investment income by the Fund is affected by the timing in which the Fund invests. The ratio does not include the net income of the investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
(i) | Audited by other independent registered public accounting firm. |
(j) | Does not include expenses of investment companies in which the Fund invests. |
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Shelton Real Estate Income Fund | Institutional Shares (c) | Formerly | ||||||||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | Year Ended | Year Ended | Year Ended | For the | ||||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period | $ | 8.82 | $ | 10.65 | $ | 11.40 | $ | 10.22 | $ | 10.00 | ||||||||||
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) (a) | 0.28 | 0.23 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.25 | |||||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized) | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.02 | (i) | 1.58 | 0.23 | (i) | |||||||||||||
Total from investment operations | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.28 | 1.85 | 0.48 | |||||||||||||||
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends from net investment income | (0.53 | ) | (0.38 | ) | (0.48 | ) | (0.60 | ) | (0.18 | ) | ||||||||||
Distributions from return of capital | — | (0.18 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Distributions from capital gains | — | (1.57 | ) | (0.55 | ) | (0.07 | ) | (0.08 | ) | |||||||||||
Total distributions | (0.53 | ) | (2.13 | ) | (1.03 | ) | (0.67 | ) | (0.26 | ) | ||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period | $ | 8.64 | $ | 8.82 | $ | 10.65 | $ | 11.40 | $ | 10.22 | ||||||||||
Total return | 3.98 | % | 3.15 | %(g) | 2.90 | %(e) | 18.71 | %(e) | 5.01 | %(e) | ||||||||||
RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of year (000s) | $ | 131 | $ | 908 | $ | 703 | $ | 15,295 | $ | 17,533 | ||||||||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 2.10 | % | 2.49 | %(f) | 2.01 | % | 2.21 | % | 3.97 | %(f) | ||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 1.17 | % | 1.14 | %(f) | 1.15 | % | 1.15 | % | 1.15 | %(f) | ||||||||||
Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets | 2.40 | % | 2.54 | % | 3.09 | %(f) | ||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 2.20 | % | 1.61 | %(f) | ||||||||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 3.13 | % | 2.96 | %(f) | ||||||||||||||||
Portfolio turnover | 41 | % | 137 | %(g) | 99 | % | 104 | % | 86 | %(g) | ||||||||||
(a) | Calculated based upon average shares outstanding. |
(b) | For the nine months ended December 31, 2016. |
(c) | Following the acquisition on November 4, 2016, Advisor Class and Class A were renamed Institutional Shares and Investor Shares. |
(d) | The inception date of Shelton BDC Income Fund is April 22, 2014; the commencement of operations and start of performance for Institutional Shares and Investor Shares is May 2, 2014. The inception date of Shelton Real Estate Income Fund is June 4, 2013; the commencement of operations and start of performance is June 7, 2013. |
(e) | Total returns shown exclude the effect of applicable sales loads/redemption fees. If the Adviser did not reimburse/waive a portion of the Fund’s expenses, total return would have been lower. Returns are not annualized |
(f) | Annualized |
(g) | Not annualized |
(h) | Audited by other independent registered public accounting firm. |
(i) | Net realized and unrealized gain on investments per share does not correlate within the Financial Highlights for the periods ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2014 due to the timing of the shareholder subscriptions and redemptions. |
37
Shelton Real Estate Income Fund | Investor Shares (c) | Formerly | ||||||||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | Year Ended | Year Ended | Year Ended | For
the | ||||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period | $ | 8.85 | $ | 10.66 | $ | 11.40 | $ | 10.21 | $ | 10.00 | ||||||||||
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) (a) | 0.31 | 0.21 | 0.30 | 0.26 | 0.28 | |||||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized) | 0.01 | 0.07 | (0.03 | ) | 1.57 | 0.18 | (i) | |||||||||||||
Total from investment operations | 0.32 | 0.28 | 0.27 | 1.83 | 0.46 | |||||||||||||||
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends from net investment income | (0.29 | ) | (0.35 | ) | (0.46 | ) | (0.57 | ) | (0.17 | ) | ||||||||||
Distributions from return of capital | — | (0.17 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Distributions from capital gains | — | (1.57 | ) | (0.55 | ) | (0.07 | ) | (0.08 | ) | |||||||||||
Total distributions | (0.29 | ) | (2.09 | ) | (1.01 | ) | (0.64 | ) | (0.25 | ) | ||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period | $ | 8.88 | $ | 8.85 | $ | 10.66 | $ | 11.40 | $ | 10.21 | ||||||||||
Total return | 3.72 | % | 3.02 | %(g) | 2.79 | %(e) | 18.47 | %(e) | 4.83 | %(e) | ||||||||||
RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of year (000s) | $ | 9,916 | $ | 14,898 | $ | 11,396 | $ | 20,677 | $ | 14,362 | ||||||||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 2.35 | % | 2.72 | %(f) | 2.22 | % | 2.46 | % | 4.22 | %(f) | ||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 1.42 | % | 1.39 | %(f) | 1.36 | % | 1.40 | % | 1.40 | %(f) | ||||||||||
Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets | 2.75 | % | 2.41 | % | 3.47 | %(f) | ||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 2.53 | % | 1.41 | %(f) | ||||||||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 3.46 | % | 2.74 | %(f) | ||||||||||||||||
Portfolio turnover | 41 | % | 137 | %(g) | 99 | % | 104 | % | 86 | %(g) | ||||||||||
(a) | Calculated based upon average shares outstanding. |
(b) | For the nine months ended December 31, 2016. |
(c) | Following the acquisition on November 4, 2016, Advisor Class and Class A were renamed Institutional Shares and Investor Shares. |
(d) | The inception date of Shelton BDC Income Fund is April 22, 2014; the commencement of operations and start of performance for Institutional Shares and Investor Shares is May 2, 2014. The inception date of Shelton Real Estate Income Fund is June 4, 2013; the commencement of operations and start of performance is June 7, 2013. |
(e) | Total returns shown exclude the effect of applicable sales loads/redemption fees. If the Adviser did not reimburse/waive a portion of the Fund’s expenses, total return would have been lower. Returns are not annualized |
(f) | Annualized |
(g) | Not annualized |
(h) | Audited by other independent registered public accounting firm. |
(i) | Net realized and unrealized gain on investments per share does not correlate within the Financial Highlights for the periods ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2014 due to the timing of the shareholder subscriptions and redemptions. |
38
Shelton Tactical Credit Fund
Investor Shares (c) | For the Period Ended December 31, | Year Ended | Year Ended | For the Period | ||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period | $ | 10.59 | $ | 10.47 | $ | 10.38 | $ | 10.00 | ||||||||
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) (a) | 0.38 | 0.63 | 0.55 | 0.11 | ||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized) | (0.22 | ) | 0.26 | (0.08 | ) | 0.35 | ||||||||||
Total from investment operations | 0.16 | 0.89 | 0.47 | 0.46 | ||||||||||||
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends from net investment income | (0.44 | ) | (0.77 | ) | (0.35 | ) | (0.08 | ) | ||||||||
Distributions from capital gains | — | — | (0.03 | ) | — | |||||||||||
Total distributions | (0.44 | ) | (0.77 | ) | (0.38 | ) | (0.08 | ) | ||||||||
Net asset value, end of period | $ | 10.31 | $ | 10.59 | $ | 10.47 | $ | 10.38 | ||||||||
Total return | 1.58 | % | 8.84 | % | 4.66 | % | 4.57 | % | ||||||||
RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of year (000s) | $ | 8,447 | $ | 16,112 | $ | 11,392 | $ | 126 | ||||||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets: | ||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 1.91 | % | 2.61 | % | 2.91 | % | 6.60 | % | ||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 1.67 | % | 1.65 | % | 1.86 | % | 1.68 | % | ||||||||
Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets | ||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 5.10 | % | 4.99 | % | ||||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 5.34 | % | 5.96 | % | 5.29 | % | 2.97 | % | ||||||||
Portfolio turnover | 239 | % | 246 | % | 695 | % | 532 | % |
39
Shelton Tactical Credit Fund
Institutional Shares (c) | For the Period Ended December 31, | Year Ended | Year Ended | For the Period | ||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period | $ | 10.62 | $ | 10.46 | $ | 10.38 | $ | 10.00 | ||||||||
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) (a) | 0.39 | 0.67 | 0.56 | 0.12 | ||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized) | (0.20 | ) | 0.27 | (0.08 | ) | 0.34 | ||||||||||
Total from investment operations | 0.19 | 0.94 | 0.48 | 0.46 | ||||||||||||
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends from net investment income | (0.45 | ) | (0.78 | ) | (0.37 | ) | (0.08 | ) | ||||||||
Distributions from capital gains | — | — | (0.03 | ) | — | |||||||||||
Total distributions | (0.45 | ) | (0.78 | ) | (0.40 | ) | (0.08 | ) | ||||||||
Net asset value, end of period | $ | 10.36 | $ | 10.62 | $ | 10.46 | $ | 10.38 | ||||||||
Total return | 1.79 | % | 9.35 | % | 4.78 | % | 4.60 | % | ||||||||
RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of year (000s) | $ | 17,256 | $ | 19,609 | $ | 16,139 | $ | 4,448 | ||||||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets: | ||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 1.67 | % | 2.34 | % | 2.66 | % | 6.35 | % | ||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 1.42 | % | 1.39 | % | 1.61 | % | 1.42 | % | ||||||||
Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets | ||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 5.27 | % | 5.42 | % | ||||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 5.51 | % | 6.37 | % | 5.54 | % | 3.22 | % | ||||||||
Portfolio turnover | 239 | % | 246 | % | 695 | % | 532 | % | ||||||||
* | Commencement of operations. |
(a) | Calculated based upon average shares outstanding. |
(b) | Audited by other independent registered public accounting firm. |
(c) | As of March 17, 2017, Class A Shares and Class I Shares were renamed to Investor Shares and Institutional Shares, respectively. |
(d) | For the eight month period ended December 31, 2017. |
40
Shelton International Select Equity Fund
Investor Shares (d) | For the Period Ended December 31, | Year Ended | Year Ended | Year Ended | Year Ended | Year Ended | ||||||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period | $ | 18.02 | $ | 15.88 | $ | 21.16 | $ | 23.48 | $ | 20.54 | $ | 19.30 | ||||||||||||
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) (a) | 0.08 | 0.17 | 0.19 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.05 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized) | 3.60 | 2.13 | (4.97 | ) | (2.34 | ) | 2.92 | 1.22 | ||||||||||||||||
Total from investment operations | 3.68 | 2.30 | (4.78 | ) | (2.17 | ) | 3.06 | 1.27 | ||||||||||||||||
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends from net investment income | (0.39 | ) | (0.16 | ) | (0.50 | ) | (0.15 | ) | (0.09 | ) | (0.03 | ) | ||||||||||||
Distributions from return of capital | (0.01 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Distributions from capital gains | — | — | — | — | (0.03 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||
Total distributions | (0.40 | ) | (0.16 | ) | (0.50 | ) | (0.15 | ) | (0.12 | ) | (0.03 | ) | ||||||||||||
Redemption Fees | — | — | — | — | (b) | — | (b) | — | (b) | |||||||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period | $ | 21.30 | $ | 18.02 | $ | 15.88 | $ | 21.16 | $ | 23.48 | $ | 20.54 | ||||||||||||
Total return | 20.53 | % | 14.55 | %(f) | (22.51 | )%(f) | (9.18 | )%(f) | 14.90 | %(f) | 6.61 | %(f) | ||||||||||||
RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of year (000s) | $ | 3,785 | $ | 4,488 | $ | 8,488 | $ | 31,583 | $ | 46,435 | $ | 53,447 | ||||||||||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 1.59 | % | 2.02 | %(g) | 1.53 | %(g) | 1.45 | %(g) | 1.45 | %(g) | 1.46 | %(g) | ||||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 1.24 | % | 1.24 | % | 1.48 | % | 1.45 | % | 1.49 | % | 1.50 | % | ||||||||||||
Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 0.23 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 0.58 | % | 1.06 | % | 1.11 | % | 0.75 | % | 0.67 | % | 0.27 | % | ||||||||||||
Portfolio turnover | 24 | % | 41 | % | 40 | % | 8 | % | 6 | % | 5 | % | ||||||||||||
(a) | Calculated based upon average shares outstanding. |
(b) | Amount is less than $0.005 per share. |
(c) | Audited by other independent registered public accounting firm. |
(d) | As of July 28, 2017, Class A Shares and Class I Shares were renamed to Investor Shares and Institutional Shares, respectively. |
(e) | For the eight month period ended December 31, 2017. |
(f) | Total investment return is calculated assuming a purchase of shares on the first day and a sale of shares on the last day of each period reported and includes reinvestment of dividends and distributions, if any. For Investor Shares (Formerly Class A Shares), total investment return does not reflect the impact of the maximum front-end sales load of 5.75%. If reflected, the return would be lower. |
(g) | During the period, certain fees were waived and/or reimbursed; or recouped, if any. If such fee waivers and/or reimbursements or recoupments had not occurred, the ratios would have been as indicated. |
41
Shelton International Select Equity Fund
Institutional Shares (d) | For the Period Ended December 31, | Year Ended | Year Ended | Year Ended | Year Ended | Year Ended | ||||||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of year | $ | 18.03 | $ | 15.90 | $ | 21.20 | $ | 23.53 | $ | 20.59 | $ | 19.35 | ||||||||||||
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) (a) | 0.10 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.20 | 0.11 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) on securities (both realized and unrealized) | 3.61 | 2.13 | (5.01 | ) | (2.36 | ) | 2.92 | 1.22 | ||||||||||||||||
Total from investment operations | 3.71 | 2.35 | (4.76 | ) | (2.12 | ) | 3.12 | 1.33 | ||||||||||||||||
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends from net investment income | (0.39 | ) | (0.22 | ) | (0.54 | ) | (0.21 | ) | (0.15 | ) | (0.09 | ) | ||||||||||||
Distributions from return of capital | (0.01 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Distributions from capital gains | — | — | — | — | (0.03 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||
Total distributions | (0.40 | ) | (0.22 | ) | (0.54 | ) | (0.21 | ) | (0.18 | ) | (0.09 | ) | ||||||||||||
Redemption Fees | — | — | — | — | (b) | — | (b) | — | (b) | |||||||||||||||
Net asset value, end of year | $ | 21.34 | $ | 18.03 | $ | 15.90 | $ | 21.20 | $ | 23.53 | $ | 20.59 | ||||||||||||
Total return | 20.74 | % | 14.89 | %(f) | (22.36 | )%(f) | (8.94 | )%(f) | 15.18 | %(f) | 6.88 | %(f) | ||||||||||||
RATIOS / SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of year (000s) | $ | 42,824 | $ | 38,737 | $ | 44,133 | $ | 369,610 | $ | 347,791 | $ | 320,190 | ||||||||||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 1.32 | % | 1.76 | %(g) | 1.28 | %(g) | 1.20 | %(g) | 1.20 | %(g) | 1.21 | %(g) | ||||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 0.99 | % | 0.99 | % | 1.23 | % | 1.20 | % | 1.24 | % | 1.25 | % | ||||||||||||
Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Before expense reimbursements | 0.41 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
After expense reimbursements | 0.74 | % | 1.32 | % | 1.36 | % | 1.11 | % | 0.92 | % | 0.58 | % | ||||||||||||
Portfolio turnover | 24 | % | 41 | % | 40 | % | 8 | % | 6 | % | 5 | % | ||||||||||||
(a) | Calculated based upon average shares outstanding. |
(b) | Amount is less than $0.005 per share. |
(c) | Audited by other independent registered public accounting firm. |
(d) | As of July 28, 2017, Class A Shares and Class I Shares were renamed to Investor Shares and Institutional Shares, respectively. See Note 5. |
(e) | For the eight month period ended December 31, 2017. |
(f) | Total investment return is calculated assuming a purchase of shares on the first day and a sale of shares on the last day of each period reported and includes reinvestment of dividends and distributions, if any. For Investor Shares (Formerly Class A Shares), total investment return does not reflect the impact of the maximum front-end sales load of 5.75%. If reflected, the return would be lower. |
(g) | During the period, certain fees were waived and/or reimbursed; or recouped, if any. If such fee waivers and/or reimbursements or recoupments had not occurred, the ratios would have been as indicated. |
42
Learn More
This Prospectus contains important information on the Funds and should be read and kept for future reference. You can also get more information from the following sources:
Annual and Semi-Annual Reports
These are automatically mailed to all shareholders without charge. In the Annual Report, you will find a discussion of market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected each fund’s performance during its most recent fiscal year. The Annual Report is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus, making it a legal part of the Prospectus.
Statement of Additional Information
This includes more details about the Funds, including a detailed discussion of the risks associated with the various investments. The SAI is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus, making it a legal part of the Prospectus. You may obtain a copy of these documents free of charge by calling the Funds at (800) 955-9988, by accessing the Funds’ website at www.sheltoncap.com, or by emailing the Funds at info@sheltoncap.com, or by contacting the SEC at the address noted below or via e-mail at publicinfo@sec.gov. The SEC may charge you a duplication fee. You can also review these documents in person at the SEC’s Public Reference Room, or by visiting the SEC’s Internet Site at www.sec.gov.
Securities and Exchange Commission
Public Reference Section
Washington, DC 20549-01520
1-202-551-8090
www.sec.gov
43
SCM Trust
1050 17th Street, Suite 1710
Denver, CO 80265-1077
(800) 955-9988
Statement of Additional Information – May 1, 2018
Ticker Symbols | |
Shelton Greater China Fund | SGCFX |
Shelton BDC Income Fund– Institutional Shares | LOAIX |
Shelton BDC Income Fund– Investor Shares | LOANX |
Shelton Real Estate Income – Institutional Shares | RENIX |
Shelton Real Estate Income – Investor Shares | RENTX |
Shelton Tactical Credit Fund – Institutional Shares | DEBIX |
Shelton Tactical Credit Fund– Investor Shares | DEBTX |
Shelton International Select Equity Fund– Institutional Shares | SISEX |
Shelton International Select Equity Fund– Investor Shares | SISLX |
This SAI is not the Funds’ Prospectus, but provides additional information which should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus dated May 1, 2018 (as may be amended), which is incorporated by reference into this SAI. The Funds’ Prospectus and most recent Annual Report may be obtained from the at no charge by visiting http://sheltoncap.com, or contacting the Funds at the address or telephone number shown above. This SAI contains additional and more detailed information about the Funds’ operations and activities than the Prospectus.
SCM Trust (the “Trust”) presently consists of the following five separate series: Shelton Greater China Fund (the “China Fund”), the Shelton BDC Income Fund (the “BDC Income Fund”), the Shelton Real Estate Income (the “Real Estate Income Fund”), the Shelton Tactical Credit Fund (the “Tactical Credit Fund”), and Shelton International Select Equity Fund (the “International Select Equity Fund”) (each a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”).
Each Fund may not be suitable or appropriate for all investors. Each Fund’s share price will fluctuate with market, economic, and currency conditions, and your investment may be worth more or less when redeemed than when purchased. The Funds should not be relied upon as a complete investment program, nor used to play short-term swings in the equity, debt, or currency markets. The Funds are not money market funds and are not appropriate investments for those whose primary objective is principal stability. A Fund’s assets (and therefore, an investment in the Fund) will be subject to all the risks of investing in the financial markets. All investment entails risk. The value of a Fund’s portfolio will fluctuate based upon market conditions. Although a Fund may seek to reduce risk by investing in a diversified portfolio, such diversification does not eliminate all risk. In seeking to meet its investment objective(s), each Fund will invest in securities or instruments whose investment characteristics are consistent with the Fund’s investment program, but there is no assurance or guarantee that a Fund will achieve its objective(s). The principal investments and investment practices and risks of each Fund are described in its Prospectus; the following provides additional information with respect to certain of those and other investments and investment practices in which the Funds may engage and risks to which the Funds may be exposed.
1
Table of Contents | |
Fundamental Investment Objectives and Policies of the Funds | 3 |
Description of Additional Investment Securities and Portfolio Techniques | 3 |
Investment Restrictions | 72 |
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings | 75 |
Trustees and Officers | 76 |
Board Leadership Structure and Standing Board Committees | 78 |
Code of Ethics | 79 |
Shareholder Beneficial Ownership | 80 |
Investment Management and Other Services | 81 |
Portfolio Managers | 84 |
Policies Regarding Broker-Dealers used for Portfolio Transactions | 88 |
Additional Information Regarding Purchases and Redemptions of Fund Shares | 89 |
Taxes | 90 |
Taxation of Fund Distributions | 93 |
Sale or Redemption of Shares | 94 |
Miscellaneous Information | 101 |
Financial Statements | 102 |
Appendix | 102 |
About SCM Trust
The Trust is organized as a Massachusetts business trust organized under the laws of the State of Massachusetts on July 15, 1988. The Funds’ principal office is located at 1050 17th Street, Suite `1710, Denver, CO 80265, and their telephone number is 1-800-955- 9988. The Greater China Fund was operated as a closed-end management investment company under the name Taiwan Greater China Fund until October 10, 2011, at which time it was, with shareholder approval, converted into an open-end management investment company. The Trust is not required, nor does it intend, to hold annual shareholder meetings. However, the Trust may hold special meetings for purposes such as electing trustees of the Trust (each a "Trustee" and collectively, the "Trustees"), changing fundamental policies, or approving a new investment management agreement. If in the future the Trust adds funds, you will have equal rights as to voting and to vote separately by fund as to issues affecting only your fund (such as changes in fundamental investment policies and objectives). Your voting rights are not cumulative, which means that the holders of more than 50% of the shares of the Trust voting in any election of Trustees can, if they choose to do so, elect all of the Trustees. Meetings of shareholders may be called by the Trustees in their sole discretion or upon demand of the holders of 10% or more of the outstanding shares of the Trust for the purpose of electing or removing Trustees
The Trust is not required, nor does it intend, to hold annual shareholder meetings. However, the Trust may hold special meetings for a specific Fund or for the Trust as a whole for purposes such as electing Trustees, changing fundamental policies, or approving an investment management agreement. You have equal rights as to voting and to vote separately by Fund as to issues affecting only your Fund (such as changes in fundamental investment policies and objectives). Your voting rights are not cumulative, so that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting in any election of Trustees can, if they choose to do so, elect the Trustees. Meetings of shareholders may be called by the Trustees in their discretion or upon demand of the holders of 10% or more of the outstanding shares of any Fund for the purpose of electing or removing Trustees.
CCM Partners, LP d/b/a Shelton Capital Management Capital Management serves as Investment Advisor (the “Advisor”) to the funds of the Trust.
2
Fundamental Investment Objectives and Policies of the Funds
The fundamental investment objectives and investment policies of the Funds are set forth in the current Prospectus of the Funds. The following information supplements the information contained in the Prospectus, and each Fund will pursue its investment objective by following the principal investment strategies set out in the Prospectus. Certain Funds may also invest in the following types of assets and/or employ the following investment techniques, as indicated below.
Description of Additional Investment Securities and Portfolio Techniques
Greater China Fund
Small Cap Securities. The Fund may invest in securities of issuers of various sizes. Smaller companies often have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, and they may be dependent upon one or a few key people for management and may lack depth of management. Smaller companies may have less certain growth prospects, and be more sensitive to changing economic conditions than larger, more established companies. The Fund may have more difficulty obtaining information about smaller portfolio companies, or valuing or disposing of their securities, than it would if it focused on larger, more well-known companies. Transaction costs in stocks of smaller capitalization companies may be higher than those of larger capitalization companies. The securities of such companies generally are subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements and may be less liquid than securities of larger, more established companies or the markets in general, and can react differently to political, market and economic developments than more established companies. The Fund may also invest in securities of non-U.S. issuers in the form of American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) and International Depositary Receipts (“IDRs”), which are also known as Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”). Generally, ADRs in registered form are U.S. dollar-denominated securities designed for use in the U.S. securities markets, which may be converted into an underlying foreign security. ADRs represent the right to receive securities of foreign issuers deposited in a domestic bank or correspondent bank. ADRs do not eliminate all risk inherent in investing in the securities of foreign issuers. The Fund may also invest in European Depositary Receipts ("EDRs"), which are receipts evidencing an arrangement with a European bank similar to that for ADRs and are designed for use in the European securities markets. IDRs and GDRs are similar to ADRs, with the exception that they are usually bearer securities (meaning they entitle the holder to rights under the security merely by holding the security) for investors or traders outside the U.S., and for companies wishing to raise equity capital in securities markets outside the United States. Most IDRs have been used to represent shares although some represent bonds, commercial paper and certificates of deposit. Additionally, some IDRs may be convertible to ADRs, making them particularly useful for arbitrage between markets.
Lending Portfolio Securities. From time to time, the Fund may lend securities (but not in excess of 33 1/3% of its total assets) from its portfolio of investments to brokers, dealers and financial institutions and, in turn, receive collateral in cash or securities believed by the Fund to be equivalent to securities rated investment grade by S&P, Moody’s or Fitch. While the loan is outstanding, the Fund is required to maintain collateral at all times in an amount equal to at least 105% of the current market value of the securities loaned by the Fund, including any accrued interest or dividends receivable from these securities. Any cash collateral received by the Fund is to be invested in short-term, high quality debt securities, the income from which would increase the return to the Fund. The Fund retains all rights of beneficial ownership as to the loaned portfolio securities, including voting rights and rights to interest or other distributions, and has the right to regain record ownership of loaned securities to exercise such beneficial rights. Such loans are terminable at any time by either the Fund or the borrower. The Fund may be required to pay administrative, finders’ and custodial fees to persons unaffiliated with the Fund in connection with the arranging of such loans and, if permitted under the 1940 Act or pursuant to an exemptive order thereunder, such fees may be paid to persons affiliated with the Fund. In the event of a default by the borrower, the Fund may suffer time delays and incur costs or possible losses in connection with the Fund’s disposition of the collateral. The Advisor will review and monitor the creditworthiness of such borrowers on an ongoing basis if it elects to lend securities of the Fund.
Futures Contracts. The Fund may enter into agreements to "buy" or "sell" a stock index at a fixed price at a specified date. No stock actually changes hands under these contracts; instead, changes in the underlying index's value are settled in cash. The cash settlement amounts are based on the difference between the index's current value and the value contemplated by the contract. An option on a stock index futures contract is an agreement to buy or sell an index futures contract; that is, exercise of the option results in ownership of a position in a futures contract. Most stock index futures are based on broad-based common stock indices. Additionally, the Fund may take advantage of opportunities in the area of futures contracts and options on futures contracts and any other derivative investments which are not presently contemplated for use by the Fund or which are not currently available but which may be developed, to the extent such opportunities are both consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and legally permissible for the Fund. Because the value of index futures depends primarily on the value of their underlying indices, the performance of broad-based contracts will generally reflect broad changes in common stock prices. The Fund's investments may be more or less heavily weighted in securities of particular types of issuers, or securities of issuers in particular industries, than the indexes underlying its index futures positions. Therefore, while the Fund's index futures positions should provide exposure to changes in value of the underlying indexes (or protection against declines in their value in the case of hedging transactions), it is likely that, in the case of hedging transactions, the price changes of the Fund's index futures positions will not match the price changes of the Fund's other investments. Other factors that could affect the correlation of the Fund's index futures positions with its other investments are discussed below.
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Futures Margin Payments. Both the purchaser and seller of a futures contract are required to deposit "initial margin" with a futures broker (known as a "futures commission merchant," or "FCM"), when the contract is entered into. Initial margin deposits are equal to a percentage of the contract's value, as set by the exchange where the contract is traded, and may be maintained in cash or high quality liquid securities. If the value of either party's position declines, that party will be required to make additional "variation margin" payments to settle the change in value on a daily basis. The party that has a gain may be entitled to receive all or a portion of this amount. Initial and variation margin payments are similar to good faith deposits or performance bonds, unlike margin extended by a securities broker, and initial and variation margin payments do not constitute purchasing securities on margin for purposes of the Fund's investment limitations. In the event of the bankruptcy of a FCM that holds margin on behalf of the Fund, the Fund may be entitled to a return of margin owed to it only in proportion to the amount received by the FCM's other customers. The Advisor will attempt to minimize this risk by monitoring the creditworthiness of the FCMs with which the Fund does business.
Limitations on Futures Transactions. The Fund has filed a notice of eligibility for exclusion from the definition of the term "commodity pool operator" with the National Futures Association, which regulates trading in the futures markets. Pursuant to Rule 4.5 of the regulations promulgated under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended, each Fund may use futures contracts for bona fide hedging purposes within the meaning of U.S. Commodities Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC") regulations; provided, however, that, with respect to positions in futures contracts which are not used for bona fide hedging purposes within the meaning of CFTC regulations, the aggregate initial margin required to establish such position will not exceed five percent of the liquidation value of the Fund's portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such contracts into which the Fund has entered. The Advisor also intends to follow certain other limitations on the Fund's futures activities. Under normal conditions, the Fund will not enter into any futures contract if, as a result, the sum of (i) the current value of assets hedged in the case of strategies involving the sale of securities, and (ii) the current value of the indexes or other instruments underlying the Fund's other futures positions would exceed 20% of the Fund's total assets. In addition, the Fund does not intend to enter into futures contracts that are not traded on exchanges or boards of trade. The above limitations on the Fund's investments in futures contracts, and the Fund’s policies regarding futures contracts discussed elsewhere in this statement of additional information, are not fundamental policies and may be changed as regulatory agencies permit. Non-fundamental policies may be changed without shareholder approval. Various exchanges and regulatory authorities have undertaken reviews of futures trading in light of market volatility. Among the possible actions that have been presented are proposals to adopt new or more stringent daily price fluctuation limits for futures transactions, and proposals to increase the margin requirements for various types of strategies. It is impossible to predict what actions, if any, will result from these reviews at this time. The Fund may purchase futures contracts in order to attempt to remain fully invested in equities. For example, if the Fund had cash and short-term securities on hand that it wished to invest in common stocks, but at the same time it wished to maintain a highly liquid position in order to be prepared to meet redemption requests or other obligations, it could purchase an index futures contract in order to approximate the activity of the index with that portion of its portfolio. The Fund may also purchase futures contracts as an alternative to purchasing actual securities. For example, if the Fund intended to purchase stocks but had not yet done so, it could purchase a futures contract in order to participate in the index's activity while deciding on particular investments. This strategy is sometimes known as an anticipatory hedge. In these strategies the Fund would use futures contracts to attempt to achieve an overall return -- whether positive or negative -- similar to the return from the stocks included in the underlying index, while taking advantage of potentially greater liquidity than futures contracts may offer. Although the Fund would hold cash and liquid debt securities in a segregated account with a value sufficient to cover its open futures obligations, the segregated assets would be available to the Fund immediately upon closing out the futures position, while settlement of securities transactions can take several days. When the Fund wishes to sell securities, it may sell index futures contracts to hedge against stock market declines until the sale can be completed. For example, if the Advisor anticipated a decline in common stock prices, at a time when the Fund anticipated selling common stocks, it could sell a futures contract in order to lock in current market prices. If stock prices subsequently fell, the futures contract's value would be expected to rise and offset all or a portion of the anticipated loss in the common stocks the Fund had hedged in anticipation of selling them. Of course, if prices subsequently rose, the futures contract's value could be expected to fall and offset all or a portion of any gains from those securities. The success of this type of strategy depends to a great extent on the degree of correlation between the index futures contract and the securities hedged.
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Asset Coverage for Futures Positions. The Fund will comply with guidelines established by the Securities Exchange Commission (the "SEC") with respect to coverage of futures strategies by mutual funds, and if the guidelines so require will set aside cash and/or other appropriate liquid assets (e.g., U.S. equities, U.S. Government securities or other high grade debt obligations) in a segregated custodial account in the amount prescribed. Securities held in a segregated account cannot be sold while the futures or option strategy is outstanding, unless they are replaced with other suitable assets. As a result, there is a possibility that segregation of a large percentage of the Fund’s assets could impede portfolio management or the Fund’s ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.
Correlation of Price Changes. As noted above, price changes of the Fund's futures positions may not be perfectly correlated with price changes of its other investments because of differences between the underlying indexes and the types of securities the Fund invests in. For example, if the Fund sold a broad-based index futures contract to hedge against a stock market decline while the Fund completed a sale of specific securities in its portfolio, it is possible that the price of the securities could move differently from the broad market average represented by the index futures contract, resulting in an imperfect hedge which could affect the correlation between the Fund's return and that of the respective benchmark index. In the case of an index futures contract purchased by the Fund either in anticipation of actual stock purchases or in an effort to be fully invested, failure of the contract to track its index accurately could hinder the Fund in the achievement of its objective. Futures prices can also diverge from the prices of their underlying indexes. Futures prices are affected by such factors as current and anticipated short-term interest rates, changes in volatility of the underlying index, and the time remaining until expiration of the contract, which may not affect security prices the same way. Imperfect correlation may also result from differing levels of demand in the futures markets and the securities markets, from structural differences in how futures and securities are traded, or from imposition of daily price fluctuation limits for futures contracts. The Fund may sell futures contracts with a greater or lesser value than the securities it wishes to hedge in order to attempt to compensate for differences in historical volatility between the futures contract and the securities, although this may not be successful in all cases.
Liquidity of Futures Contracts. Because futures contracts are generally settled within a day from the date they are closed out, compared with a settlement period of up to five days for some types of securities, the futures markets can provide superior liquidity to the securities markets in many cases. Nevertheless, there is no assurance a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular futures contract at any particular time. In addition, futures exchanges may establish daily price fluctuation limits for futures contracts, and may halt trading if a contract's price moves upward or downward more than the limit in a given day. On volatile trading days when the price fluctuation limit is reached, it may be impossible for the Fund to enter into new positions or close out existing positions. Trading in futures can also be halted if trading in the underlying securities is halted. If the secondary market for a futures contract is not liquid because of price fluctuation limits or otherwise, it would prevent prompt liquidation of unfavorable futures positions, and potentially could require the Fund to continue to hold a futures position until the delivery date regardless of potential consequences. If the Fund must continue to hold a futures position, its access to other assets held to cover the position could also be impaired.
American Depository Receipts (ADRs), European Depository Receipts (EDRs) and Global Depository Receipts (GDRs) (also known as International Depository Receipts ("IDRs"). The Fund may invest in sponsored and unsponsored ADRs, EDRs and GDRs. Such investments may subject the Fund to significant investment risks that are different than domestic markets. Unsponsored ADRs, EDRs and GDRs may involve additional risks in that they are organized without the cooperation of the issuer of the underlying securities. As a result, available information concerning the issuer may not be as current as that for sponsored ADRs, EDRs and GDRs. The value of securities denominated in or indexed to foreign currencies and of dividends and interest from such securities can change significantly when foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the U.S. dollar. Foreign securities markets generally have less trading volume and less liquidity than the U.S. markets, and prices on some foreign securities can be highly volatile. In general ADRs, in registered form, are denominated in U.S. dollars and are designated for use in the U.S. securities markets, while EDRs and GDRs (also known as IDRs) in bearer form, may be denominated in other currencies and are designed for use in European markets and global markets, respectively. Many foreign countries lack uniform accounting and disclosure standards comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies, and it may seem more difficult to obtain reliable information regarding an issuer’s financial conditions and operations. Settlement of transaction in some foreign markets may be delayed or may be less frequent than in the U.S., which could affect the liquidity of the Fund’s investments. In addition, the cost of foreign investing, including withholding taxes, brokerage commissions and custodial costs are generally higher than for U.S. investments. Foreign markets may offer less protection to investors than U.S. markets. Foreign issuers, brokers, and securities markets may be subject to less government supervision. Foreign security trading practices, including those involving the release of assets in advance of payment, may involve increased risks in the event of a failed trade or the insolvency of the broker-dealer, which may result in substantial delays in settlement. It may also be more difficult to enforce legal rights in foreign countries. Investing abroad also involves different political and economic risks. Foreign investments may be affected by actions of foreign governments adverse to the interests of U.S. investors, including the possibility of expropriation or nationalization of assets, confiscatory taxation, restriction on U.S. investments or on the ability to repatriate assets or convert currency into U.S. dollars, or other government intervention. There may be a greater possibility of default by foreign governments or foreign government sponsored enterprises. Investments in foreign countries also involve the risk of local political, economic, or social instability, military action or unrest, or adverse diplomatic developments. There is no assurance that the Advisor will be able to anticipate these potential events or counter their effects.
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Options on Securities, Securities Indices and Currencies. The Fund may purchase put and call options on securities in which it has invested, on foreign currencies represented in its portfolios and on any securities index based in whole or in part on securities in which the Fund may invest. In an effort to minimize risks, the Fund usually will not use options for speculative purposes or as leverage. The Fund may purchase call options in anticipation of an increase in the market value of securities of the type in which it may invest or a positive change in the currency in which such securities are denominated. The purchase of a call option would entitle the Fund, in return for the premium paid, to purchase specified securities or a specified amount of a foreign currency at a specified price during the option period. The Fund may purchase and sell options traded on U.S. and foreign exchanges. Although the Fund will generally purchase only those options for which there appears to be an active secondary market, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange will exist for any particular option or at any particular time. For some options, no secondary market on an exchange may exist. In such event, it might not be possible to effect closing transactions in particular options, with the result that the Fund would have to exercise its options in order to realize any profit and would incur transaction costs upon the purchase or sale of the underlying securities. Secondary markets on an exchange may not exist or may be illiquid for a variety of reasons including: (i) insufficient trading interest in certain options; (ii) restrictions on opening transactions or closing transactions imposed by an exchange; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options; (iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances which interrupt normal operations on an exchange; (v) inadequate facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing Corporation (the “OCC”) to handle current trading volume at all times; or (vi) discontinuance in the future by one or more exchanges for economic or other reasons, of trading of options (or of a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options on that exchange that had been issued by the OCC as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms. There is no assurance that higher than anticipated trading activity or other unforeseen events might not, at times, render certain of the facilities of the OCC inadequate, and result in the institution by an exchange of special procedures that may interfere with the timely execution of the Fund’s orders.
Securities of Other Investment Companies – Closed End Funds. The Fund may purchase closed-end funds that invest in foreign securities. Unlike open-end investment companies, closed-end funds issue a fixed number of shares that trade on major stock exchanges or over the counter. Additionally, closed-end funds do not stand ready to issue or redeem on a continuous basis. Closed-end funds often sell at a discount to net asset value. Applicable provisions of the 1940 Act require that the Fund limit its investments so that, as determined immediately after a securities purchase is made: (a) not more than 10% of the value of that Fund’s total assets will be invested in the aggregate in securities of investment companies as a group; and (b) either (i) that Fund and affiliated persons of that Fund not own together more than 3% of the total outstanding shares of any one investment company at the time of purchase (and that all shares of the investment company held by that Fund in excess of 1% of the company’s total outstanding shares be deemed illiquid), or (ii) that Fund not invest more than 5% of its total assets in any one investment company and the investment not represent more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of the investment company at the time of purchase. As a shareholder in an investment company, the Fund bears its ratable share of that investment company’s expenses, including advisory and administration fees, resulting in an additional layer of management fees and expenses for shareholders. This duplication of expenses would occur regardless of the type of investment company, i.e., open-end (mutual fund) or closed-end.
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BDC Income Fund and Real Estate Income Fund
Below Investment Grade Securities. The Funds may invest in securities that are rated below investment grade. Securities rated below investment grade are regarded as having predominately speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal, and these bonds are commonly referred to as ‘‘high-yield’’ or ‘‘junk’’ securities. These securities are subject to a greater risk of default. The prices of these lower-grade securities are more sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline in the issuer’s revenues or a general economic downturn, than are the prices of higher-grade securities. Lower-grade securities tend to be less liquid than investment-grade securities. The market values of lower-grade securities tend to be more volatile than investment grade securities. A security will be considered to be below investment grade if it is rated as such by one nationally recognized statistical rating organization (‘‘NRSRO’’) (for example, below Baa3 or BBB- by Moody’s Investors Services, Inc. (‘‘Moody’s’’) or Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (‘‘S&P’’)) or, if unrated, are judged to be below investment grade by the Advisor. Although a company’s senior debt rating may be, for example, BBB-, an underlying security issued by such company in which a Fund invests may have a lower rating. See Appendix A for a description of certain ratings. Lower-rated securities, or equivalent unrated securities, may be considered speculative with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to make principal and interest payments. Analysis of the creditworthiness of issuers of lower-rated securities may be more complex than for issuers of higher-quality debt securities, and a Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may, to the extent the Fund is invested in lower-rated securities, be more dependent upon such creditworthiness analysis than would be the case if the Fund were investing in higher-quality securities. An issuer of these securities has a currently identifiable vulnerability to default and the issuer may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest. The secondary markets in which lower-rated securities are traded may be less liquid than the market for higher-grade securities. Less liquidity in the secondary trading markets could adversely affect the price at which a Fund could sell a particular lower-rated security when necessary to meet liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event, such as a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuer, and could adversely affect and cause large fluctuations in the net asset value (‘‘NAV’’) of the Fund’s shares. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may decrease the values and liquidity of high-yield securities. It is reasonable to expect that any adverse economic conditions could disrupt the market for lower-rated securities, have an adverse impact on the value of those securities or adversely affect the ability of the issuers of those securities to repay principal or interest on those securities. New laws and proposed new laws may adversely impact the market for lower-rated securities.
Borrowing and Other Forms of Leverage. The Funds may borrow money to the extent permitted by their investment policies and applicable law. When a Fund borrows money or otherwise leverages its portfolio, the value of an investment in the Fund will be more volatile and other investment risks will tend to be compounded. This is because leverage tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s holdings. In addition to borrowing money from banks, the Funds may engage in certain other investment transactions that may be viewed as forms of financial leverage (e.g., entering into reverse repurchase agreements or dollar rolls; investing collateral from loans of portfolio securities; entering into when-issued, delayed-delivery or forward-commitment transactions; or using derivatives such as swaps, futures, forwards or options).
Cash Reserves. The Funds’ cash reserves will be held to provide sufficient flexibility to take advantage of new opportunities for investments and for other cash needs. If the Advisor has difficulty finding an adequate number of undervalued equity securities, all or any portion of the Funds’ assets may also be invested temporarily in money market instruments. Money market instruments in which the Funds may invest its cash reserves may consist of obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities, commercial paper rated by any NRSRO (such as Moody’s or S&P), certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances issued by domestic banks having total assets in excess of one billion dollars or money market mutual funds.
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Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (‘‘CMOs’’) and Multiclass Pass-Through Securities. The Funds may invest in CMOs. CMOs are debt obligations collateralized by mortgage loans or mortgage pass-through securities. Typically, CMOs are collateralized by Government National Mortgage Association (‘‘Ginnie Mae’’), Federal National Mortgage Association (‘‘Fannie Mae’’) or Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (‘‘Freddie Mac’’) certificates, but also may be collateralized by whole loans or private mortgage pass-through securities (such collateral is collectively hereinafter referred to as ‘‘Mortgage Assets’’). Mortgage Assets may be collateralized by commercial or residential uses. Multiclass pass-through securities are equity interests in a trust composed of Mortgage Assets. Payments of principal of and interest on the Mortgage Assets, and any reinvestment income thereon, may require the Funds to pay debt service on the CMOs or make scheduled distributions on the multiclass pass-through securities. CMOs may be issued by Federal Agencies, or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. The issuer of a series of mortgage pass-through securities may elect to be treated as a Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduit (‘‘REMIC’’). REMICs include governmental and/or private entities that issue a fixed pool of mortgages secured by an interest in real property. REMICs are similar to CMOs in that they issue multiple classes of securities, but unlike CMOs, which are required to be structured as debt securities, REMICs may be structured as indirect ownership interests in the underlying assets of the REMICs themselves. Although CMOs and REMICs differ in certain respects, characteristics of CMOs described below apply in most cases to REMICs as well. In a CMO, a series of bonds or certificates is issued in multiple classes. Each class of CMOs, often referred to as a ‘‘tranche,’’ is issued at a specific fixed or floating coupon rate and has a stated maturity or final distribution date. Principal prepayments on the Mortgage Assets may cause the CMOs to be retired substantially earlier than their stated maturities or final distribution dates. Interest is paid or accrues on all classes of the CMOs on a monthly, quarterly or semiannual basis. Certain CMOs may have variable or floating interest rates and others may be Stripped Mortgage Securities. For more information on Stripped Mortgage Securities, see ‘‘Stripped Mortgage Securities’’ below. The principal of and interest on the Mortgage Assets may be allocated among the several classes of a CMO series in a number of different ways. Generally, the purpose of the allocation of the cash flow of a CMO to the various classes is to obtain a more predictable cash flow to certain of the individual tranches than exists with the underlying collateral of the CMO. As a general rule, the more predictable the cash flow is on a CMO tranche, the lower the anticipated yield will be on that tranche at the time of issuance relative to prevailing market yields on other mortgage-backed securities. As part of the process of creating more predictable cash flows on most of the tranches in a series of CMOs, one or more tranches generally must be created that absorb most of the volatility in the cash flows on the underlying mortgage loans. The yields on these tranches are generally higher than prevailing market yields on mortgage-backed securities with similar maturities. As a result of the uncertainty of the cash flows of these tranches, the market prices of and yield on these tranches generally are more volatile.
CMBS. The Funds may invest in CMBS, which are bonds that evidence interests in, or are secured by, a single commercial mortgage loan or a pool of commercial mortgage loans. Accordingly, the CMBS are subject to all the risks of the underlying mortgage loans. The value of CMBS may also change due to shifts in the market’s perception of issuers and regulatory or tax changes adversely affecting the mortgage securities markets as a whole. In addition, CMBS are subject to the credit risk associated with the performance of the underlying mortgage properties, although this can sometimes be reduced by third-party guarantees or other forms of credit support.
Derivatives Transactions. The Funds may purchase and sell financial futures contracts and options on such contracts. A financial futures contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific security or financial instrument at a particular price on a stipulated future date. Although some financial futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying securities or instruments, in most cases these obligations are closed out before the settlement date. The closing of a contractual obligation may be accomplished by purchasing or selling an identical offsetting futures contract. Other financial futures contracts by their terms call for cash settlements. The Funds may also buy and sell index futures contracts with respect to any stock or bond index traded on a recognized stock exchange or board of trade. An index futures contract is a contract to buy or sell units of an index on a specified future date at a price agreed upon when the contract is made. The stock index futures contract specifies that no delivery of the actual stocks making up the index will take place. Instead, settlement in cash must occur upon the termination of the contract, with the settlement being the difference between the contract price and the actual level of the stock index at the expiration of the contract. In addition, the Funds may enter into foreign currency futures contracts, as described below under ‘‘Foreign Currency and Currency Hedging Transactions.’’ When a Fund purchases a futures contract, an amount of cash or liquid portfolio securities generally equal to the settlement price less any margin deposit will be designated as segregated by the Fund’s custodian. When writing a futures contract, the Fund will maintain with its custodian similar liquid assets that, when added to the amounts deposited with a futures commission merchant or broker as margin, are equal to the market value of the instruments underlying the contract. Alternatively, the Fund may ‘‘cover’’ its position by owning the instruments underlying the contract (or, in the case of an index futures contract, a portfolio with a volatility substantially similar to that of the index on which the futures contract is based), or holding a call option permitting the Fund to purchase the same futures contract at a price no higher than the price of the contract written by the Fund (or at a higher price if the difference is maintained in liquid assets with the Fund’s custodian). Each Fund will be authorized to use financial futures contracts and related options for hedging and non-hedging purposes. The Funds may lose the expected benefit of transactions in financial contracts if currency exchange rates or securities prices change in an unanticipated manner. Such unanticipated changes in currency exchange rates or securities prices may also result in poorer overall performance than if the Funds had not entered into any futures transactions. When purchasing stocks or bonds, the buyer acquires ownership in the security, however, buyers of futures contracts are not entitled to ownership of the underlying commodity until and unless they decide to accept delivery at expiration of the contract. In practice, delivery of the underlying commodity to satisfy a futures contract rarely occurs because most futures traders use the liquidity of the central marketplace to sell their futures contract before expiration.
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Price Limits. Some (not all exchanges have price change limits) commodity futures exchanges impose on each commodity futures contract traded on that exchange a maximum permissible price movement for each trading session. If the maximum permissible price movement is achieved on any trading day, no more trades may be executed above (or below, if the price has moved downward) that limit. If a Fund wishes to execute a trade outside the daily permissible price movement, it would be prevented from doing so by exchange rules, and would have to wait for another trading session to execute its transaction.
Price Volatility. Despite the daily price limits on various futures exchanges, the price volatility of commodity futures contracts has been historically greater than that for traditional securities such as stocks and bonds. To the extent that a Fund invests in commodity futures contracts, the assets of the Fund, and therefore the prices of Fund shares, may be subject to greater volatility.
Marking-to-Market Futures Positions. The futures clearinghouse marks every futures contract to market at the end of each trading day to ensure that the outstanding futures obligations are limited to the mark-to-market change in price from one day for any given futures contract. This process of marking-to-market is designed to prevent losses from accumulating in any futures account. Therefore, if a Fund’s futures positions have declined in value, the Fund may be required to post additional margin to cover this decline. Alternatively, if the Fund’s futures positions have increased in value, this increase will be credited to the Fund’s account. The Funds may also purchase and sell commodity futures contracts and can hold substantial positions in such contracts. The Funds’ investments in commodity futures contracts and related instruments may involve substantial risks. Some of the special characteristics and risks of these investments are described below. Commodity futures contracts are agreements between two parties. One party agrees to buy a commodity from the other party at a later date at a price and quantity agreed-upon when the contract is made. Commodity futures contracts are traded on futures exchanges. These futures exchanges offer a central marketplace in which to transact futures contracts, a clearing corporation to process trades, a standardization of expiration dates and contract sizes and the availability of a secondary market. Futures markets also specify the terms and conditions of delivery as well as the maximum permissible price movement during a trading session. Additionally, the commodity futures exchanges may have position limit rules that limit the amount of futures contracts that any one party may hold in a particular commodity at any point in time. These position limit rules are designed to prevent any one participant from controlling a significant portion of the market. In the commodity futures markets, the exchange clearing corporation takes the other side in all transactions, either buying or selling directly to the market participants. The clearinghouse acts as the counterparty to all exchange-traded futures contracts. That is, the Fund’s obligation is to the clearinghouse, and the Fund will look to the clearinghouse to satisfy the Fund’s rights under the futures contract.
Options on Securities and Stock Indexes. Each Fund may write covered call and put options and purchase call and put options on securities, stock indices or futures contracts that are traded on U.S. exchanges. Each Fund may also enter into over-the-counter put and call options on securities and baskets of securities, indexes and other financial instruments.
An option is a contract that gives the purchaser of the option, in return for the premium paid, the right to buy (in the case of a call option) a specified security or futures contract, as applicable, or to sell (in the case of a put option) a specified security from or to the writer of the option at a designated price during the term of the option. An option on a securities index gives the purchaser of the option, in return for the premium paid, the right to receive from the seller cash equal to the difference between the closing price of the index and the exercise price of the option. Each Fund may write a call or put option only if the option is ‘‘covered.’’ A call option on a security written by a Fund is covered if the Fund owns the underlying security covered by the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or for additional cash consideration held in a segregated account by its custodian) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held in its portfolio. A call option on a security is also covered if the Fund owns a call option on the same security and in the same principal amount as the call option written where the exercise price of the call option held (a) is equal to or less than the exercise price of the call option written or (b) is greater than the exercise price of the call option written if the difference is maintained by the Fund in cash or liquid portfolio securities in a segregated account with its custodian. A put option on a security written by a Fund is ‘‘covered’’ if the Fund maintains similar liquid assets with a value equal to the exercise price designated as segregated at its custodian, or else owns a put option on the same security and in the same principal amount as the put option written where the exercise price of the put option held is equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put option written. The value of the underlying securities on which options may be written at any one time will not exceed 25% of the total assets of the Fund, and the Fund will not purchase put or call options if the aggregate premium paid for such options would exceed 5% of its total assets at the time of purchase.
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Each Fund will cover call options on stock indices by owning securities whose price changes, in the opinion of the Advisor, are expected to be similar to those of the index, or in such other manner as may be in accordance with the rules of the exchange on which the option is traded and applicable laws and regulations. Nevertheless, where a Fund covers a call option on a stock index through ownership of securities, such securities may not match the composition of the index. In that event, the Fund will not be fully covered and could be subject to risk of loss in the event of adverse changes in the value of the index. The Fund will cover put options on stock indices by segregating assets equal to the option’s exercise price, or in such other manner as may be in accordance with the rules of the exchange on which the option is traded and applicable laws and regulations.
Each Fund will receive a premium for writing a put or call option, which will increase the Fund’s gross income in the event the option expires unexercised or is closed out at a profit. If the value of a security or an index on which the Fund has written a call option falls or remains the same, the Fund will realize a profit in the form of the premium received (less transaction costs) that could offset all or a portion of any decline in the value of any portfolio securities underlying the option. A rise in the value of the security or index underlying a call option written by a Fund, exposes the Fund to possible loss or loss of opportunity to realize appreciation in the value of any portfolio securities underlying or otherwise related to the call option. By writing a put option, the Fund assumes the risk of a decline in the underlying security or index. To the extent that the price changes of any portfolio securities being hedged correlate with changes in the value of the underlying security or index, writing put options on securities or indices will increase the Fund’s losses in the event of a market decline, although such losses will be offset in part by the premium received for writing the option.
Each Fund may also purchase put options to hedge its investments against a decline in value. By purchasing a put option, the Fund will seek to offset a decline in the value of the portfolio securities being hedged through appreciation of the put option. If the value of the Fund’s investments does not decline as anticipated, the Fund’s loss will be limited to the premium paid for the option plus related transaction costs. The success of this strategy will depend, in part, on the accuracy of the correlation between the changes in value of the underlying security or index and the changes in value of the Fund’s security holdings being hedged.
Each Fund may purchase call options on individual securities to hedge against an increase in the price of securities that the Fund anticipates purchasing in the future. Similarly, each Fund may purchase call options to attempt to reduce the risk of missing a broad market advance, or an advance in an industry or market segment, at a time when the Fund holds uninvested cash or short-term debt securities awaiting investment. When purchasing call options, the Fund will bear the risk of losing all or a portion of the premium paid if the value of the underlying security or index does not rise.
There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist when the Fund seeks to close out an option position, and for certain options not on an exchange no market usually exists. Trading could be interrupted, for example, because of supply and demand imbalances arising from a lack of either buyers or sellers, or the options exchange could suspend trading after the price has risen or fallen more than the maximum specified by the exchange. Although the Fund may be able to offset to some extent any adverse effects of being unable to liquidate an option position, the Fund may experience losses in some cases as a result of such inability.
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Foreign Currency Transactions and Currency Hedging Transactions. In order to hedge against foreign currency exchange rate risks from adverse changes in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies (including to hedge against anticipated future changes which otherwise might adversely affect the prices of securities that the Fund intends to purchase at a later date), each Fund may enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts (forward contracts), foreign currency futures contracts (foreign currency futures), and foreign currency swap agreements (foreign currency swaps), as well as purchase put or call options on foreign currencies, as described below.
A forward currency contract is an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency for an agreed price on a future date that is individually negotiated and privately traded by currency traders and their customers. A foreign currency future is an exchange-traded contract for the purchase or sale of a specified foreign currency at a specified price at a future date. A foreign currency swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange principal and interest payments on a loan made in one currency for principal and interest payments of a loan of equal value in another currency. Each Fund may enter into a foreign currency forward contract, foreign currency futures contract or foreign currency swap or purchase a currency option, for example, when it enters into a contract for the purchase or sale of a security denominated in a foreign currency or expects to receive a dividend or interest payment on a portfolio holding, in order to ‘‘lock in’’ the U.S. dollar value of the security or payment. In addition, each Fund may enter into a foreign currency forward contract, futures contract or swap or purchase a currency option in respect of a currency which acts as a proxy for a currency in which the Fund’s portfolio holdings or anticipated holdings are denominated. This second investment practice is generally referred to as ‘‘cross-hedging.’’ Because in connection with the Fund’s foreign currency transactions an amount of the Fund’s assets equal to the amount of the Fund’s current commitment will be segregated to be used to pay for the commitment, the Fund will always have cash or other liquid assets available that are sufficient to cover any commitments under these transactions. The segregated assets will be marked-to-market on a daily basis.
Each Fund may enter into a forward contract to attempt to minimize the risk to the Fund from adverse changes in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies. Forward contracts may limit potential gain from a positive change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies. Unanticipated changes in currency prices may result in poorer overall performance for the Fund than if it had not engaged in such contracts.
Each Fund may enter into exchange-traded foreign currency futures for the purchase or sale for future delivery of foreign currencies. U.S. exchange-traded futures are regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. This investment technique will be used only to hedge against anticipated future changes in exchange rates which otherwise might adversely affect the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities or adversely affect the prices of securities that the Fund intends to purchase at a later date.
Each Fund may enter into foreign currency swaps to shift its currency exposure from one currency to another currency. Each Fund may purchase and write put and call options on foreign currencies for the purpose of protecting against declines in the dollar value of foreign portfolio securities and against increases in the U.S. dollar cost of foreign securities to be acquired. As is the case with other kinds of options, however, the writing of an option on foreign currency will constitute only a partial hedge, up to the amount of the premium received, and the Fund could be required to purchase or sell foreign currencies at disadvantageous exchange rates, thereby incurring losses. The purchase of an option on foreign currency may constitute an effective hedge against fluctuation in exchange rates although, in the event of rate movements adverse to the Fund’s position, the Fund may forfeit the entire amount of the premium plus related transaction costs.
The successful use of foreign currency transactions will usually depend on the Advisor’s ability to forecast currency exchange rate movements correctly. Should exchange rates move in an unexpected manner, the Fund may not achieve the anticipated benefits of forward contracts, foreign currency futures or may realize losses.
Swap Transactions. Swap agreements are counter contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors that agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or ‘‘swapped’’ between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a ‘‘notional amount,’’ i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in a ‘‘basket’’ of credit default swaps or securities representing a particular index. The ‘‘notional amount’’ of the swap agreement is only used as a basis upon which to calculate the obligations that the parties to a swap agreement have agreed to exchange.
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Swap agreements will tend to shift investment exposure from one type of investment to another. For example, if a Fund agreed to exchange payments in U.S. dollars for payments in a foreign currency, the swap agreement would tend to decrease the Fund’s exposure to U.S. interest rates and increase its exposure to foreign currency and interest rates. Depending on how they are used, swap agreements may increase or decrease the overall volatility of the Fund’s investments and its share price and yield. Caps and floors have an effect similar to buying or writing options.
Most swap agreements entered into are cash settled and calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a ‘‘net basis.’’ Thus, a Fund’s current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement generally will be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the ‘‘net amount’’). The Fund’s current obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by the segregation of permissible liquid assets of the Fund.
Specific swap agreements include foreign currency swaps; index swaps; interest rate swaps (including interest rate locks, caps, floors and collars); credit default swaps; and total return swaps (including equity swaps).
Interest Rate Swap Transactions. An interest rate swap agreement involves the exchange of cash flows based on interest rate specifications and a specified principal amount, often a fixed payment for a floating payment that is linked to an interest rate. In an interest rate cap one party receives payments at the end of each period in which a specified interest rate on a specified principal amount exceeds an agreed rate; conversely, in an interest rate floor one party may receive payments if a specified interest rate on a specified principal amount falls below an agreed rate. Interest rate collars involve selling a cap and purchasing a floor, or vice versa, to protect the Fund against interest rate movements exceeding given minimum or maximum levels.
Credit Default Swap Transactions. Credit default swap agreements and similar agreements may have as reference obligations debt securities that are or are not currently held by either Fund. The protection ‘‘buyer’’ in a credit default contract may be obligated to pay the protection ‘‘seller’’ an up-front payment or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided generally that no credit event on a reference obligation has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the ‘‘par value’’ (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled.
Total Return Swap Transactions. In a total return or ‘‘equity’’ swap agreement one party makes payments based on a set rate, either fixed or variable, while the other party makes payments based on the return of an underlying asset, which includes both the income it generates and any capital gains. The underlying reference asset of a total return swap may include an individual security, an equity index, loans or bonds.
Commodity Swap Transactions. Each Fund may invest in total return swaps to gain exposure to specific commodities or the overall commodity markets. A total return commodity swap is an agreement to make payments of the price appreciation from a specified commodity, basket of commodities or commodity index during the specified period, in return for payments equal to a fixed or floating rate of interest or the price appreciation from another specified commodity, basket of commodities or commodity index. Alternatively, a total return swap can be structured so that one party will make payments to the other party if the value of the relevant commodity, basket of commodities or commodity index increases, but receive payments from the other party if the value of that commodity, basket of commodities or commodity index decreases. If the commodity swap is for one period, the Fund will pay a fixed fee, established at the outset of the swap. Each Fund may enter into exchanges for risk, in which a position in a futures contract is exchanged for an over-the-counter swap, (or an over-the-counter swap is exchanged for a futures contract) with a commodity broker in accordance with exchange rules.
Credit Derivatives. Credit derivative transactions include those involving default price risk derivatives and market spread derivatives. Default price risk derivatives are linked to the price of reference securities or loans after a default by the issuer or borrower, respectively. Market spread derivatives are based on the risk that changes in market factors, such as credit spreads, can cause a decline in the value of a security, loan or index. There are three basic transactional forms for credit derivatives: swaps, options and structured instruments. The use of credit derivatives is a highly specialized activity which involves strategies and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security transactions. The risk of loss in a credit derivative transaction varies with the form of the transaction. For example, if a Fund purchases a default option on a security, and if no default occurs with respect to the security, the Fund’s loss is limited to the premium it paid for the default option. In contrast, if there is a default by the grantor of a default option, the Fund’s loss will include both the premium it paid for the option and the decline in value of the underlying security that the default option hedged. If a Fund is a buyer in a credit default swap agreement and no credit event occurs, the Fund recovers nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs, the Fund may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As a seller, a Fund generally receives an up-front payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, which typically is between six months and three years, provided that there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value.
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