10-Q
Table of Contents

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
_______________________________________________________
 
Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2015
Commission File Number: 001-34025

INTREPID POTASH, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Delaware
26-1501877
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
707 17th Street, Suite 4200, Denver, Colorado
80202
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(303) 296-3006
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files.) Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer x
Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer ¨ 
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
As of October 23, 2015, the registrant had 76,164,225 shares of common stock, par value $0.001, outstanding (including 461,525 restricted shares of common stock).
 



Table of Contents

INTREPID POTASH, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 




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Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
INTREPID POTASH, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and per share amount)

 
 
September 30,
 
December 31,
 
 
2015
 
2014
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
24,322

 
$
67,589

Short-term investments
 
56,590

 
10,434

Accounts receivable:
 
 
 
 
Trade, net
 
21,357

 
28,561

Other receivables, net
 
3,214

 
3,600

Refundable income taxes
 
199

 
114

Inventory, net
 
106,578

 
84,094

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 
5,940

 
4,739

Current deferred tax asset, net
 
2,025

 
3,356

Total current assets
 
220,225

 
202,487

 
 
 
 
 
Property, plant, equipment, and mineral properties, net
 
758,059

 
785,250

Long-term parts inventory, net
 
18,204

 
16,366

Long-term investments
 
13,028

 
11,856

Other assets, net
 
4,015

 
4,035

Non-current deferred tax asset, net
 
153,198

 
146,725

Total Assets
 
$
1,166,729

 
$
1,166,719

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable:
 
 
 
 
Trade
 
$
19,526

 
$
19,953

Related parties
 
86

 
55

Accrued liabilities
 
15,962

 
12,483

Accrued employee compensation and benefits
 
10,373

 
12,069

Other current liabilities
 
4,558

 
2,075

Total current liabilities
 
50,505

 
46,635

 
 
 
 
 
Long-term debt
 
150,000

 
150,000

Asset retirement obligation
 
21,639

 
20,389

Other non-current liabilities
 
1,086

 
2,410

Total Liabilities
 
223,230

 
219,434

Commitments and Contingencies
 
 
 
 
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; and 75,702,700 and
 
 
 
 
75,536,741 shares outstanding at September 30, 2015, and December 31, 2014, respectively
 
76

 
76

Additional paid-in capital
 
578,928

 
576,186

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(38
)
 
(28
)
Retained earnings
 
364,533

 
371,051

Total Stockholders' Equity
 
943,499

 
947,285

Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
 
$
1,166,729

 
$
1,166,719

See accompanying notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

INTREPID POTASH, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Sales
 
$
53,692

 
$
102,280

 
$
244,364

 
$
312,104

Less:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Freight costs
 
5,348

 
10,925

 
23,158

 
32,616

Warehousing and handling costs
 
3,199

 
3,270

 
10,383

 
9,070

Cost of goods sold
 
42,151

 
77,794

 
180,868

 
235,750

Lower-of-cost-or-market inventory adjustments
 
4,427

 
3,403

 
10,063

 
8,110

Costs associated with abnormal production and other
 
6,910

 

 
6,910

 

Gross (Deficit) Margin
 
(8,343
)
 
6,888

 
12,982

 
26,558

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling and administrative
 
5,943

 
6,466

 
21,835

 
20,276

Accretion of asset retirement obligation
 
424

 
405

 
1,272

 
1,217

Restructuring expense
 

 

 

 
1,827

Other operating income
 
(23
)
 
2

 
(2,269
)
 
(3,249
)
Operating (Loss) Income
 
(14,687
)
 
15

 
(7,856
)
 
6,487

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Income (Expense)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense, net
 
(1,574
)
 
(1,632
)
 
(4,820
)
 
(4,569
)
Interest income
 
232

 
35

 
587

 
110

Other income
 
67

 
343

 
440

 
803

 (Loss) Income Before Income Taxes
 
(15,962
)
 
(1,239
)
 
(11,649
)
 
2,831

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income Tax Benefit
 
7,852

 
3

 
5,131

 
1,139

Net (Loss) Income
 
$
(8,110
)
 
$
(1,236
)
 
$
(6,518
)
 
$
3,970

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
75,701,490

 
75,528,235

 
75,658,297

 
75,496,365

Diluted
 
75,701,490

 
75,528,235

 
75,658,297

 
75,611,070

(Loss) Earnings Per Share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
(0.11
)
 
$
(0.02
)
 
$
(0.09
)
 
$
0.05

Diluted
 
$
(0.11
)
 
$
(0.02
)
 
$
(0.09
)
 
$
0.05

See accompanying notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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INTREPID POTASH, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(In thousands)
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Net (Loss) Income
 
$
(8,110
)
 
$
(1,236
)
 
$
(6,518
)
 
$
3,970

Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income:
 

 

 

 

Unrealized (loss) gain on investments available for sale, net of tax
 
15

 

 
(10
)
 
12

Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
 
15

 

 
(10
)
 
12

Comprehensive (Loss) Income
 
$
(8,095
)
 
$
(1,236
)
 
$
(6,528
)
 
$
3,982


See accompanying notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.


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INTREPID POTASH, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands, except share amounts)

 
 
Common Stock
 
Additional Paid-in Capital
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
 
Retained Earnings
 
Total Stockholders' Equity
 
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
 
 
 
Balance, December 31, 2014
 
75,536,741

 
$
76

 
$
576,186

 
$
(28
)
 
$
371,051

 
$
947,285

Unrealized loss on investments available for sale, net of tax
 

 

 

 
(10
)
 

 
(10
)
Net loss
 

 

 

 

 
(6,518
)
 
(6,518
)
Stock-based compensation
 

 

 
3,780

 

 

 
3,780

Vesting of restricted common stock, net of restricted common stock used to fund employee income tax withholding due upon vesting
 
165,959

 

 
(1,038
)
 

 

 
(1,038
)
Balance, September 30, 2015
 
75,702,700

 
$
76

 
$
578,928

 
$
(38
)
 
$
364,533

 
$
943,499


See accompanying notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.


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INTREPID POTASH, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
 
 
 
 
Net (loss) income
 
$
(6,518
)
 
$
3,970

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
     Deferred income taxes
 
(5,136
)
 
(31
)
Depreciation, depletion, and accretion
 
61,028

 
59,630

Stock-based compensation
 
3,780

 
3,220

Lower-of-cost-or-market inventory adjustments
 
10,063

 
8,110

Other
 
1,593

 
172

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Trade accounts receivable, net
 
7,203

 
(11,722
)
Other receivables, net
 
385

 
1,794

Refundable income taxes
 
(84
)
 
15,196

Inventory, net
 
(34,385
)
 
15,446

Prepaid expenses and other assets
 
(1,117
)
 
(3
)
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and accrued employee
compensation and benefits
 
5,642

 
9,995

Other liabilities
 
1,138

 
(942
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
43,592

 
104,835

 
 
 
 
 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
 
 
 
 
Additions to property, plant, equipment, and mineral properties
 
(36,982
)
 
(55,325
)
Purchases of investments
 
(78,571
)
 
(7
)
Proceeds from sale of investments
 
30,088

 
21,547

Net cash used in investing activities
 
(85,465
)
 
(33,785
)
 
 
 
 
 
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
 
 
 
 
Debt issuance costs
 
(356
)
 

Employee tax withholding paid for restricted stock upon vesting
 
(1,038
)
 
(611
)
Net cash used in financing activities
 
(1,394
)
 
(611
)
 
 
 
 
 
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
(43,267
)
 
70,439

Cash and Cash Equivalents, beginning of period
 
67,589

 
394

Cash and Cash Equivalents, end of period
 
$
24,322

 
$
70,833

 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
 
 
 
 
Net cash paid (refunded) during the period for:
 
 
 
 
Interest, net of $0.0 million, and $0.4 million of capitalized interest
 
$
3,281

 
$
2,946

Income taxes
 
$
25

 
$
(16,304
)
Accrued purchases for property, plant, equipment, and mineral properties
 
$
710

 
$
4,129


See accompanying notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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INTREPID POTASH, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
"Intrepid," "our," "we," or "us" means Intrepid Potash, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Note 1
— COMPANY BACKGROUND
We are the only producer of muriate of potash (“potassium chloride” or “potash”) in the United States and one of two producers of langbeinite ("sulfate of potash magnesia"), which we market and sell as Trio®. We sell potash and Trio® primarily into the agricultural market as a fertilizer. We also sell these products into the animal feed market as a nutritional supplement and sell potash into the industrial market as a component in drilling and fracturing fluids for oil and gas wells and other industrial inputs. Our revenues are generated exclusively from the sale of potash and Trio®. We also produce salt and magnesium chloride from our potash mining processes, the sales of which are accounted for as by-product credits to our cost of sales. These by-product credits represented approximately 2% to 3% of total cost of goods sold in each of the last three years.
We own three solution mining facilities and two conventional underground mining facilities that we utilize for producing potash. Our solution mining production comes from our HB solar solution mine near Carlsbad, New Mexico, a solar solution mine near Moab, Utah, and a solar brine recovery mine in Wendover, Utah. Our conventional production comes from our underground West and East mines near Carlsbad, New Mexico. We also operate the North compaction facility near Carlsbad, New Mexico, which services the West and HB mines. Trio® production comes from underground conventional mining of a mixed ore body that contains both potash and langbeinite, which is mined and processed at the East facility near Carlsbad, New Mexico.
We manage sales and marketing operations centrally. This allows us to evaluate the product needs of our customers and then centrally determine which of our production facilities to use to fill customers’ orders in a manner designed to realize the highest average net realized sales price per ton. We calculate average net realized sales price per ton by deducting freight costs from gross revenues and then by dividing this result by tons of product sold during the period. We also monitor product inventory levels and overall production costs centrally. We have one reporting segment being the extraction, production, and sale of potassium-related products. Our extraction and production operations are conducted entirely in the continental United States.

Note 2
— SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation—Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals considered necessary for a fair presentation of interim financial information, have been included.
Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Accordingly, actual results may differ significantly from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Significant estimates include, but are not limited to, those for proven and probable mineral reserves, the related present value of estimated future net cash flows, useful lives of plant assets, asset retirement obligations, normal inventory production levels, inventory valuations, the valuation of equity awards, the valuation of receivables, valuation of our deferred tax assets and estimated blended income tax rates utilized in the current and deferred income tax calculations. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of proven and probable reserves, projecting future rates of production, and the timing of development expenditures. Future mineral prices may vary significantly from the prices in effect at the time the estimates are made, as may estimates of future operating costs. The estimate of proven and probable mineral reserves, the related present value of estimated future cash flows, and useful lives of plant assets can affect various other items including depletion, the net carrying value of our mineral properties, the useful lives of related property, plant, and equipment, depreciation expense, and estimates associated with recoverability of long-lived assets and asset retirement

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obligations. Specific to income tax items, we experience fluctuations in the valuation of the deferred tax assets and liabilities due to changing state income tax rates and the blend of state tax rates.
Revenue Recognition—Revenue is recognized when evidence of an arrangement exists, risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to customers, which is generally when title passes, the selling price is fixed and determinable, and collection is reasonably assured. Title passes at the designated shipping point for the majority of sales, but, in a few cases, title passes at the delivery destination. The shipping point may be the plant, a distribution warehouse, a customer warehouse, or a port. Title passes for some international shipments upon payment by the purchaser; however, revenue is not recognized for these transactions until shipment because the risks and rewards of ownership have not transferred pursuant to a contractual arrangement. Prices are generally set at the time of, or prior to, shipment. In cases where the final price is determined upon resale of the product by the customer, revenue is deferred until the final sales price is known.
Sales are reported on a gross basis. We quote prices to customers both on a delivered basis and on the basis of pick-up at our plants and warehouses. When a sale occurs on a delivered basis, we incur and, in turn, bill the customer and record as gross revenue the product sales value, freight, packaging, and certain other distribution costs. Many customers, however, arrange and pay for these costs directly and, in these situations, only the product sales are included in gross revenues.
By-Product Credits—When by-product inventories are sold, we record the sale of by-products as a credit to cost of goods sold.
Inventory—Inventory consists of product and by-product stocks that are ready for sale; mined ore; potash in evaporation ponds, which is considered work-in-process; and parts and supplies inventory. Product and by-product inventory cost is determined using the lower of weighted average cost or estimated net realizable value and includes direct costs, maintenance, operational overhead, depreciation, depletion, and equipment lease costs applicable to the production process. Direct costs, maintenance, and operational overhead include labor and associated benefits.
We evaluate our production levels and costs to determine if any should be deemed abnormal, and therefore excluded from inventory costs, under generally accepted accounting principles. The assessment of normal production levels is highly judgmental and is unique to each quarter. We model normal production levels and evaluate historical ranges of production by operating plant in assessing what is deemed to be normal.
Property, Plant, Equipment, Mineral Properties and Development Costs—Property, plant, and equipment are stated at historical cost. Expenditures for property, plant, and equipment relating to new assets or improvements are capitalized, provided the expenditure extends the useful life of an asset or extends the asset’s functionality. Property, plant, and equipment are depreciated under the straight-line method using estimated useful lives. The estimated useful lives of property, plant, and equipment are evaluated periodically as changes in estimates occur. No depreciation is taken on assets classified as construction in progress until the asset is placed into service. Gains and losses are recorded upon retirement, sale, or disposal of assets. Maintenance and repair costs are recognized as period costs when incurred. Capitalized interest, to the extent of debt outstanding, is calculated and capitalized on assets that are being constructed, drilled, or built or that are otherwise classified as construction in progress.
Mineral properties and development costs, which are referred to collectively as mineral properties, include acquisition costs, the cost of drilling production wells, and the cost of other development work, all of which are capitalized. Depletion of mineral properties is calculated using the units-of-production method over the estimated life of the relevant ore body. The lives of reserves used for accounting purposes are shorter than current reserve life determinations due to uncertainties inherent in long-term estimates. These reserve life estimates have been prepared by us and reviewed and independently determined by mine consultants. Tons of potash and langbeinite in the proven and probable reserves are expressed in terms of expected finished tons of product to be realized, net of estimated losses. Market price fluctuations of potash or Trio®, as well as increased production costs or reduced recovery rates, could render proven and probable reserves containing relatively lower grades of mineralization uneconomic to exploit and might result in a reduction of reserves. In addition, the provisions of our mineral leases, including royalty provisions, are subject to periodic readjustment by the state and federal government, which could affect the economics of our reserve estimates. Significant changes in the estimated reserves could have a material impact on our results of operations and financial position.
Recoverability of Long-Lived Assets—We evaluate our long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment is considered to exist if an asset group's total estimated net future cash flows on an undiscounted basis are less than the carrying amount of the related asset. An impairment loss is measured and recorded based on the discounted estimated future cash flows. Changes in significant assumptions underlying future cash flow estimates or fair values of asset groups may have a material effect on our

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financial position and results of operations. Sales price is a significant element of any cash flow estimate, particularly for higher cost operations.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments—Our financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments, restricted cash, accounts receivable, refundable income taxes, and accounts payable. These instruments are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturities of the instruments. All available-for-sale investments are carried at fair value. Allowances for doubtful accounts are recorded against the accounts receivable balance to estimate net realizable value. The fair value of the long-term debt is estimated using discounted cash flow analysis based on current borrowing rates for debt with similar remaining maturities and ratings. Although there are no amounts currently outstanding under our unsecured credit facility, any borrowings that become outstanding would bear interest at a floating rate and therefore be recorded at their estimated fair value.
Earnings per Share—Basic net income or loss per common share of stock is calculated by dividing net income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average basic common shares outstanding for the respective period.
Diluted net income or loss per common share of stock is calculated by dividing net income or loss by the weighted average diluted common shares outstanding, which includes the effect of potentially dilutive securities. Potentially dilutive securities for the diluted earnings or loss per share calculation consist of awards of non-vested restricted shares of common stock, non-vested performance units, and non-qualified stock options. The dilutive effect of stock based compensation arrangements are computed using the treasury stock method. Following the lapse of the vesting period of restricted shares of common stock, the shares are considered issued and therefore are included in the number of issued and outstanding shares for purposes of these calculations.


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Note 3
— (LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE
Potentially dilutive securities, including non-vested restricted common stock, stock options, and performance units, are excluded from the diluted weighted average shares outstanding computation in periods in which they have an anti-dilutive effect, such as when there is a net loss. The treasury stock method is used to measure the dilutive impact of non-vested restricted common stock, stock options outstanding, and performance units. The following table shows the shares that have an anti-dilutive effect and are excluded from the diluted weighted average shares outstanding computations:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Anti-dilutive effect of non-vested restricted common stock
 
467,388

 
535,668

 
471,239

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Anti-dilutive effect of stock options outstanding
 
288,673

 
329,116

 
309,602

 
333,129

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Anti-dilutive effect of performance units
 
194,375

 
18,372

 
158,367

 

The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Net (loss) income
 
$
(8,110
)
 
$
(1,236
)
 
$
(6,518
)
 
$
3,970

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
 
75,701

 
75,528

 
75,658

 
75,496

Add: Dilutive effect of non-vested restricted common stock
 

 

 

 
102

Add: Dilutive effect of performance units
 

 

 

 
13

Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
 
75,701

 
75,528

 
75,658

 
75,611

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Loss) Earnings per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
(0.11
)
 
$
(0.02
)
 
$
(0.09
)
 
$
0.05

Diluted
 
$
(0.11
)
 
$
(0.02
)
 
$
(0.09
)
 
$
0.05



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Note 4— CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND INVESTMENTS
The following table summarizes the fair value of our cash and investments held in our portfolio, recorded as cash and cash equivalents or short-term or long-term investments as of September 30, 2015, and December 31, 2014 (in thousands):
 
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
Cash
$
19,924

 
$
16,506

Commercial paper and money market accounts
4,398

 
51,083

Total cash and cash equivalents
$
24,322

 
$
67,589

 
 
 
 
Corporate bonds
$
55,585

 
$
9,432

Certificates of deposit and time deposits
1,005

 
1,002

Total short-term investments
$
56,590

 
$
10,434

 
 
 
 
Corporate bonds
$
13,028

 
$
11,856

Total long-term investments
$
13,028

 
$
11,856

 
 
 
 
Total cash, cash equivalents, and investments
$
93,940

 
$
89,879


The following tables summarize the cost basis, unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of our available-for-sale investments held in our portfolio as of September 30, 2015, and December 31, 2014 (in thousands):
 
 
September 30, 2015
 
 

 
Unrealized
 

 
 
Cost Basis
 
Gain
 
Loss
 
Fair Value
Corporate bonds
 
$
68,676

 
$
5

 
$
(68
)
 
$
68,613

Certificates of deposit and time deposits
 
1,005

 

 

 
1,005

Total available-for-sale securities
 
$
69,681

 
$
5

 
$
(68
)
 
$
69,618


 
 
December 31, 2014
 
 

 
Unrealized
 

 
 
Cost Basis
 
Gain
 
Loss
 
Fair Value
Corporate bonds
 
$
21,335

 
$
1

 
$
(48
)
 
$
21,288

Certificates of deposit and time deposits
 
1,002

 

 

 
1,002

Total available-for-sale securities
 
$
22,337

 
$
1

 
$
(48
)
 
$
22,290

    

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Note 5
— INVENTORY AND LONG-TERM PARTS INVENTORY
The following summarizes our inventory, recorded at the lower of weighted average cost or estimated net realizable value, as of September 30, 2015, and December 31, 2014, respectively (in thousands):
 
 
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
Finished goods product inventory
 
$
60,582

 
$
44,137

In-process mineral inventory
 
24,231

 
19,584

Total product inventory
 
84,813

 
63,721

Current parts inventory, net
 
21,765

 
20,373

Total current inventory, net
 
106,578

 
84,094

Long-term parts inventory, net
 
18,204

 
16,366

Total inventory, net
 
$
124,782

 
$
100,460

Parts inventories are shown net of any required allowances.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, we recorded charges of approximately $10.1 million and $8.1 million, respectively, as a result of routine assessments of the lower of weighted average cost or estimated net realizable value on our finished goods product inventory.
During the third quarter of 2015, we received an order issued by MSHA relating to maintenance issues and salt build-up in the ore hoisting shaft at our West mine. Upon issuance of the order, we suspended production at the West mine for 15 days while we took corrective actions to resolve the issues. As a result, potash production from our West mine was abnormally low during this period. In addition, since production resumed in mid-September, we continue to perform incremental maintenance on the ore hoisting shaft, during which time production at the West mine is temporarily suspended. We expect this incremental maintenance to continue into the fourth quarter of 2015. Also during the third quarter of 2015, we temporarily suspended potash production at our East facility for a total of seven days as we performed two separate langbeinite-only testing runs.
As a result of the temporary suspensions of production, we determined that approximately $4.9 million and $2.0 million of production costs at our West and East facilities, respectively, would have been allocated to additional tons produced, assuming we had been operating at normal production rates. Accordingly, these costs were excluded from our inventory values and instead expensed in the third quarter of 2015 as period production costs. We compare actual production relative to what we estimated could have been produced if we had not incurred the temporary production suspensions and lower operating rates in order to determine the abnormal cost adjustment.


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Note 6
— PROPERTY, PLANT, EQUIPMENT, AND MINERAL PROPERTIES
“Property, plant, equipment, and mineral properties, net" were comprised of the following (in thousands):
 
 
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
Buildings and plant
 
$
271,354

 
$
268,032

Machinery and equipment
 
544,491

 
529,358

Vehicles
 
13,677

 
13,799

Office equipment and improvements
 
19,857

 
19,260

Ponds and land improvements
 
74,759

 
73,933

Total depreciable assets
 
924,138

 
904,382

Accumulated depreciation
 
(325,690
)
 
(271,294
)
Total depreciable assets, net
 
$
598,448

 
$
633,088

 
 
 
 
 
Mineral properties and development costs
 
$
166,735

 
$
163,197

Accumulated depletion
 
(21,020
)
 
(17,544
)
Total depletable assets, net
 
$
145,715

 
$
145,653

 
 
 
 
 
Land
 
909

 
909

Construction in progress
 
$
12,987

 
$
5,600

Total property, plant, equipment, and mineral properties, net
 
$
758,059

 
$
785,250


We incurred the following expenses for depreciation, depletion, and accretion, including expenses capitalized into inventory, for the following periods (in thousands):
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Depreciation
 
$
18,893

 
$
18,868

 
$
56,257

 
$
55,764

Depletion
 
1,038

 
834

 
3,499

 
2,649

Accretion
 
424

 
405

 
1,272

 
1,217

Total incurred
 
$
20,355

 
$
20,107

 
$
61,028

 
$
59,630


Note 7
— DEBT
Unsecured Credit Facility— We have an unsecured credit facility, led by U.S. Bank, as administrative agent, and Wells Fargo Bank, as syndication agent. This unsecured credit facility provides a revolving credit facility of up to $250 million. The actual amount available to us may be limited by our leverage ratio, which may not exceed 3.5, and our fixed charge coverage ratio, which may not be below 1.3. As of September 30, 2015, $187 million of the facility was available to us.
Under the facility, the leverage ratio is defined as the ratio of our total funded indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA (earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization, and certain other expenses, as defined in the credit facility) for the prior four fiscal quarters. The fixed charge coverage ratio is defined as the ratio of adjusted EBITDA (less $40 million for maintenance capital expenditures and cash paid for income taxes, as defined in the credit facility) for the prior four fiscal quarters to fixed charges. These ratios and other restricted covenants under the facility could limit our ability to engage in activities that we believe are in our long-term best interests or limit our ability to access the full amount of the facility. For example, if adjusted EBITDA remains at or below current levels with no change to indebtedness, these ratios would remain at a level where less than $250 million is available to us. Based on current market conditions, we expect that the total amount available to us under the facility will continue to be limited at or below the September 30, 2015, level (including to zero) for the foreseeable future. If current market conditions continue and with our expected EBITDA levels, we

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anticipate that we will not be able to maintain compliance with our fixed charge coverage ratio through 2016. As a result, we are proactively working with our lenders and evaluating options for maintaining compliance, which will likely include requesting covenant amendments, waivers or forbearances and possible reduction of our debt levels (including the payment of prepayment penalties). Our failure to comply with these ratios and covenants under the facility would result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of all outstanding indebtedness. In addition, the amount available under the facility would be reduced to zero.
The facility was amended in August 2015 to extend the maturity date by two years to August 2020. The facility is unsecured and is guaranteed by our material subsidiaries. We are currently in compliance with the covenants under the facility. We occasionally borrow and repay amounts under the facility for near-term working capital needs and may do so in the future. As of September 30, 2015, there were no amounts outstanding under the facility.

Unsecured Senior Notes—In April 2013, we issued $150 million aggregate principal amount of unsecured senior notes ("the Notes") pursuant to a note purchase agreement entered into in August 2012. The Notes consist of the following series:
$60 million of 3.23% Senior Notes, Series A, due April 16, 2020
$45 million of 4.13% Senior Notes, Series B, due April 14, 2023
$45 million of 4.28% Senior Notes, Series C, due April 16, 2025
The Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with any other unsubordinated unsecured indebtedness of ours. The Notes are subject to the same leverage ratio and fixed charge coverage ratio as apply under the credit facility. As described above, these ratios and other restricted covenants under the Notes could limit our ability to engage in activities that we believe are in our long-term best interests. In addition, if current market conditions continue and with our expected EBITDA levels, we anticipate that we will not be able to maintain compliance with our fixed charge coverage ratio through 2016. As a result, we are proactively working with our lenders and evaluating options for maintaining compliance, which will likely include requesting covenant amendments, waivers or forbearances and possible reduction of our debt levels (including the payment of prepayment penalties). Our failure to comply with these ratios and covenants under the Notes would result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of all outstanding indebtedness.
The obligations under the Notes are unconditionally guaranteed by our material subsidiaries.
We were in compliance with the covenants under the Notes as of September 30, 2015.
Interest is paid semiannually on April 16 and October 16 of each year. Interest expense is recorded net of any capitalized interest associated with investments in capital projects. We incurred gross interest expense of $5.0 million for both the nine months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014. We capitalized $0.2 million and $0.4 million interest during the nine months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

Note 8
— ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION
We recognize an estimated liability for future costs associated with the abandonment and reclamation of our mining properties. A liability for the fair value of an asset retirement obligation and a corresponding increase to the carrying value of the related long-lived asset are recorded as the mining operations occur or the assets are acquired.
Our asset retirement obligation is based on the estimated cost to abandon and reclaim the mining operations, the economic life of the properties, and federal and state regulatory requirements. The liability is discounted using credit adjusted risk-free rate estimates at the time the liability is incurred or when there are upward revisions to estimated costs. The credit adjusted risk-free rates used to discount our abandonment liabilities range from 6.9% to 8.5%. Revisions to the liability occur due to construction of new or expanded facilities, changes in estimated abandonment costs or economic lives, or if federal or state regulators enact new requirements regarding the abandonment or reclamation of mines.
Following is a table of the changes to our asset retirement obligation for the following periods (in thousands):

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Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Asset retirement obligation, at beginning of period
 
$
22,869

 
$
21,737

 
$
22,037

 
$
21,047

Liabilities settled
 
(70
)
 
(3
)
 
(86
)
 
(125
)
Liabilities incurred
 

 

 

 

Changes in estimated obligations
 

 

 

 

Accretion of discount
 
424

 
405

 
1,272

 
1,217

Total asset retirement obligation, at end of period
 
$
23,223

 
$
22,139

 
$
23,223

 
$
22,139

    
The current portion of the asset retirement obligation of $1.6 million is included in "Other" current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2015, and December 31, 2014. The undiscounted amount of asset retirement obligation is $57.6 million as of September 30, 2015.

Note 9
— COMPENSATION PLANS
Cash Bonus Plan—We have cash bonus plans that allow participants to receive varying percentages of their aggregate base salary. Any awards under the cash bonus plans are based on a variety of elements related to our performance in certain production, operational, financial, and other areas, as well as the participants’ individual performance. We accrue cash bonus expense related to the current year’s performance.
Equity Incentive Compensation Plan—Our Board of Directors and stockholders adopted a long-term incentive compensation plan called the Intrepid Potash, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan, as Amended and Restated (the "Plan"). We have issued common stock, restricted shares of common stock, performance units, and non-qualified stock option awards under the Plan. As of September 30, 2015, the following awards were outstanding under the plan: 462,834 shares of non-vested restricted shares of common stock; non-vested performance units representing 383,447 shares of common stock; and options to purchase 249,830 shares of common stock. As of September 30, 2015, approximately 3.0 million shares of common stock remained available for issuance under the Plan.
Common Stock—On an annual basis, under the Plan, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the "Compensation Committee") has approved the award of shares of common stock to the non-employee members of the Board of Directors as compensation for service for the period ending on the date of our annual stockholders’ meeting for the following year. These shares of common stock were granted without restrictions and vested immediately.
Non-vested Restricted Shares of Common Stock—Under the Plan, grants of non-vested restricted shares of common stock have been awarded to executive officers, other key employees, and consultants. The awards contain service conditions associated with continued employment or service. The terms of the non-vested restricted shares of common stock provide voting and regular dividend rights to the holders of the awards. Upon vesting, the restrictions on the restricted shares of common stock lapse and the shares are considered issued and outstanding.
Since 2009, the Compensation Committee has granted restricted shares of common stock under the Plan in the first quarter of each year to our executive management team and other selected employees as part of an annual equity award program. These awards vest ratably over three years. From time to time, the Compensation Committee grants restricted shares of common stock to newly hired or promoted employees or other employees or consultants who have achieved extraordinary personal performance objectives. These restricted shares of common stock generally vest over one- to four-year periods.
In measuring compensation expense associated with the grant of non-vested restricted shares of common stock, we use the fair value of the award, determined as the closing stock price for our common stock on the grant date. Compensation expense is recorded monthly over the vesting period of the award. Total compensation expense related to the non-vested restricted shares of common stock awards was $0.8 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Total compensation expense related to the non-vested restricted shares of common stock awards was $2.5 million and $2.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively. These amounts are net of estimated forfeiture adjustments. As of September 30, 2015, there was $4.9 million of total remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested restricted shares of common stock that will be expensed through 2018.

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A summary of activity relating to our non-vested restricted shares of common stock for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, is presented below.
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
Grant-Date Fair Value
 
 
Shares
 
Non-vested restricted shares of common stock, beginning of period
 
464,769

 
$
16.49

Granted
 
237,256

 
$
14.28

Vested
 
(201,261
)
 
$
17.76

Forfeited
 
(37,930
)
 
$
15.13

Non-vested restricted shares of common stock, end of period
 
462,834

 
$
14.91

Performance UnitsIn 2015, the Compensation Committee granted at-risk performance units under the Plan to a member of our executive team as part of their annual compensation package. The performance units vest in February 2018, and payout, if any, is based on market-based conditions relating to one-, two- and three-year performance periods beginning on the grant date. A total of 378,150 shares of common stock are available for future payout under these performance units, subject to continued employment through the vesting date.
In 2013 and 2012, the Compensation Committee granted performance units under the Plan to certain members of our executive management team as part of the annual equity award program. The performance units vest ratably over three years, and payout, if any, is based on operational- and market-based conditions relating to the year of grant. The time frames for meeting both the operational- and market-based conditions of the 2013 and 2012 grants have passed, and a total of 5,297 shares of common stock are available for future payout under these performance units, subject to continued employment of the individual grantees through the vesting dates.
Non-qualified Stock Options—From 2009 to 2011, the Compensation Committee issued non-qualified stock options under the Plan in the first quarter of each year to our executive management and other selected employees as part of our annual award program. These stock options generally vested ratably over three years. In measuring compensation expense for options, we estimated the fair value of the award on the grant dates using the Black‑Scholes option valuation model. Option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected volatility of the price of the underlying stock.
As of March 31, 2014, all outstanding stock options were fully vested. Realized tax benefits from tax deductions for exercised options in excess of the deferred tax asset attributable to stock compensation for these options are recorded as “excess tax benefits” when the tax deductions occur.
A summary of our stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, is as follows:
 
 
Shares
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (1)
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life
 
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Outstanding non-qualified stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   options, end of period
 
249,830

 
$25.84
 
$—
 
3.7
 
$12.76
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vested or expected to vest, end
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
of period
 
249,830

 
$25.84
 
$—
 
3.7
 
$12.76
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exercisable non-qualified
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    stock options, end of period
 
249,830

 
$25.84
 
$—
 
3.7
 
$12.76

(1)
The intrinsic value of a stock option is the amount by which the market value exceeds the exercise price as of the end of the period presented.

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Note 10
— INCOME TAXES
Our effective tax rate is impacted primarily by the amount of taxable income associated with each jurisdiction in which our income is subject to income tax, permanent differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities.
A summary of the provision for income taxes is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Current portion of income tax (benefit) expense
 
$
39

 
$

 
$
5

 
$
(1,108
)
Deferred portion of income tax benefit
 
(7,891
)
 
(3
)
 
(5,136
)
 
(31
)
Total income tax benefit
 
$
(7,852
)
 
$
(3
)
 
$
(5,131
)
 
$
(1,139
)
Effective tax rate
 
49.2
%
 
0.3
%
 
44.0
%
 
(40.3
)%
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, our effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate primarily as a result of the benefit from estimated depletion deductions that exceed the tax basis in the mineral reserves. The size of the estimated depletion deductions relative to pre-tax income (loss) levels had, and is expected to have, a pronounced impact on our effective tax rate in 2015. During the nine months ended September 30, 2014, in addition to the items noted above, we also benefited from a discrete adjustment related to the reversal of a $1.7 million valuation allowance related to our New Mexico net operating loss carry forwards, as those carry forwards became realizable based on legislation passed by the State of New Mexico in the first quarter of 2014.
    
The blended state tax rate applied to the deferred tax calculation is subject to change due to changes in state laws and changes in the mix of our business and the states in which we have a taxable relationship. This creates fluctuations in the value of our net deferred tax asset.

Note 11
— COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Marketing Agreements—We have a marketing agreement appointing PCS Sales (USA), Inc. (“PCS Sales”) as our exclusive sales representative for potash export sales, with the exception of sales to Canada and Mexico, and appointing PCS Sales as our non-exclusive sales representative for potash sales into Mexico. Trio® is also marketed under this arrangement. This agreement is cancelable with 30 days' written notice.
Reclamation Deposits and Surety Bonds—As of September 30, 2015, we had $18.7 million of security placed principally with the State of Utah and the Bureau of Land Management for eventual reclamation of our various facilities. Of this total requirement, as of September 30, 2015, $0.5 million consisted of long-term restricted cash deposits reflected in “Other” long-term assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and $18.3 million was secured by surety bonds issued by an insurer. The surety bonds are held in place by an annual fee paid to the issuer.
We may be required to post additional security to fund future reclamation obligations as reclamation plans are updated or as governmental entities change requirements.
New Mexico Employment Credits—Beginning in 2011, based on an approval and payment of an application with the State of New Mexico, we began recording an estimate of refundable employment-related credits for qualified wages paid in New Mexico, known as the New Mexico High Wage Jobs Credit. The estimated recoverable value of these credits has been, and continues to be, reflected as a reduction to production costs and amounts yet to be collected are recorded in “Other receivables, net” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets in the same period in which the credit is earned.
In the third quarter of 2013, the New Mexico Taxation and Revenue Department denied our application to receive the New Mexico High Wage Jobs Credit for certain prior years' filings. Considering the uncertainty associated with collection of these credits, we recorded an additional allowance of approximately $2.8 million in the third quarter of 2013, for credits relating to the denied periods in order to reflect the denial of the claimed credits. In March 2014, as a result of our continuing efforts to collect these credits, we received notification from the New Mexico Taxation and Revenue Department that $5.9

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million of credits previously denied were approved. Accordingly, during the first quarter of 2014, we reversed $2.9 million of the previously established allowance to reflect the collectability of these credits. These credits are typically considered in our product inventory calculations as they relate to the labor associated with operations. As the inventory associated with the periods during which the credits were originally earned has since been sold, we recorded the reversal of the allowance as "Other operating income" in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. As of September 30, 2015, we have a receivable of $0.1 million, net of an allowance of $0.5 million, associated with the New Mexico High Wage Jobs Credits, and we intend to continue to vigorously pursue recovery of all unpaid credits.
Legal—We are subject to claims and legal actions in the ordinary course of business. While there are uncertainties in predicting the outcome of any claim or legal action, we believe that the ultimate resolution of these claims or actions is not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Future Operating Lease Commitments—We have operating leases for land, mining and other operating equipment, an airplane, offices, and railcars, with original terms ranging up to 20 years. In May 2015, we exercised our option to terminate our existing corporate office lease effective May 1, 2016. Under the provisions of our existing lease, we incurred a termination penalty of $1.2 million which we expect will be payable in the first quarter of 2016. The termination penalty charge was included in selling and administrative expense in the second quarter of 2015.
Rental and lease expenses follow for the indicated periods, excluding the lease termination penalty (in thousands):
2015
 
 
For the three months ended September 30, 2015
 
$
2,081

For the nine months ended September 30, 2015
 
$
5,802

 
 
 
2014
 
 
For the three months ended September 30, 2014
 
$
1,776

For the nine months ended September 30, 2014
 
$
4,986


Note 12
— FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
We applied the provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification™ (“ASC”) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, for all financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The topic establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC Topic 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The topic establishes market or observable inputs as the preferred sources of values, followed by assumptions based on hypothetical transactions in the absence of market inputs. The topic also establishes a hierarchy for grouping these assets and liabilities based on the significance level of the following inputs, as follows:
Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
Level 2—Quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model‑derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.
Level 3—Significant inputs to the valuation model are unobservable.

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The following is a listing of our assets and liabilities required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis and where they are classified within the hierarchy as of September 30, 2015, and December 31, 2014 (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
Fair Value at Reporting Date Using
 
 
September 30, 2015
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities
(Level 1)
 
Significant Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
Investments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate bonds
 
$
68,613

 
$

 
$
68,613

 
$

 
 
 
 
Fair Value at Reporting Date Using
 
 
December 31, 2014
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities
(Level 1)
 
Significant Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
Investments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate bonds
 
$
21,288

 
$

 
$
21,288

 
$


Financial assets or liabilities are categorized within the hierarchy based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Below is a general description of our valuation methodologies for financial assets and liabilities, which are measured at fair value and are included on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Our available-for-sale investments consist of corporate bonds that are valued using Level 2 inputs. Market pricing for these investments is obtained from an established financial markets data provider.
The methods described above may result in a fair value estimate that may not be indicative of net realizable value or may not be reflective of future fair values and cash flows. While we believe that the valuation methods used are appropriate and consistent with the requirements of ASC Topic 820 and the methods used by other marketplace participants, we recognize that third parties may use different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments that could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.
Financial Instruments—The carrying values and estimated fair values of our financial instruments as of September 30, 2015, and December 31, 2014, are as follows (in thousands):
 
 
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
Long-term debt
 
$
150,000

 
$
145,000

 
$
150,000

 
$
138,000

For cash and cash equivalents, certificate of deposit investments, accounts receivable, refundable income taxes, and accounts payable, the carrying amount approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. The estimated fair value of the long-term debt is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based on current borrowing rates for debt with similar remaining maturities and ratings (a Level 2 input) and is designed to approximate the amount at which the instruments could be exchanged in an arm's length transaction between knowledgeable willing parties.


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Note 13 — RESTRUCTURING CHARGE
In January 2014, in response to declining potash prices and completion of our major capital projects, we undertook a number of cost saving actions that were intended to better align our cost structure with the business environment. These initiatives included the elimination of approximately 7% of the workforce, reduction in the use of outside professionals, and cutbacks in other general and administrative areas. In early 2014, we also temporarily decreased executive and senior management compensation; we reinstated most executive and senior management salaries in mid-2014 and reinstated other compensation elements in 2015. For the nine months ended September 30, 2014, we recognized a restructuring expense of $1.8 million, which is comprised primarily of severance-related payments.

Note 14 — RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” which requires revenue to be recognized based on the amount an entity is expected to be entitled to for promised goods or services provided to customers. The standard also requires expanded disclosures regarding contracts with customers. The guidance in this standard supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition“, and most industry-specific guidance. This guidance is effective for us beginning January 1, 2018, with retrospective application required, subject to certain practical expedients. We are currently evaluating the requirements of this standard, and have not yet determined the impact on our results of operations or financial position.
In April 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-03, “Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs.” Under this standard we will present debt issuance costs in the balance sheet as a reduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. Amortization of such costs will continue to be reported as interest expense. This guidance is effective for us beginning January 1, 2016, but early adoption is allowed. We have not determined the period in which we will adopt the new guidance. Retrospective adoption is required. Upon adoption, our deferred financing costs will be reclassified from “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” and “Other assets, net" to “Long-term debt.”
In July 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-11, “Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory.” An entity using an inventory method other than last-in, first out or the retail inventory method should measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The new guidance clarifies that net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation and is effective for us beginning January 1, 2017. We do not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.




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ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward‑looking statements within the meaning of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). These forward‑looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q other than statements of historical fact are forward‑looking statements. Forward-looking statements include statements about our future results of operations and financial position, our business strategy and plans, and our objectives for future operations, among other things. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward‑looking words, such as “estimate,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” “plan,” “intend,” “believe,” “forecast,” “foresee,” “likely,” “may,” “should,” “goal,” “target,” “might,” “will,” “could,” “predict,” and “continue.” Forward‑looking statements are only predictions based on our current knowledge, expectations, and projections about future events.
These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, including the following:
changes in the price, demand, or supply of potash or Trio®/langbeinite
circumstances that disrupt or limit our production, including operational difficulties or operational variances due to geological or geotechnical variances, equipment failures, environmental hazards, and other unexpected events or problems
interruptions in rail or truck transportation services, or fluctuations in the costs of these services
increased labor costs or difficulties in hiring and retaining qualified employees and contractors, including workers with mining, mineral processing, or construction expertise
the costs of, and our ability to successfully construct, commission, and execute, any of our strategic projects
adverse weather events, including events affecting precipitation and evaporation rates at our solar solution mines
changes in the prices of raw materials, including chemicals, natural gas, and power
the impact of federal, state, or local governmental regulations, including environmental and mining regulations; the enforcement of those regulations; and governmental policy changes
our ability to obtain any necessary governmental permits relating to the construction and operation of assets
changes in our reserve estimates
competition in the fertilizer industry
declines or changes in U.S. or world agricultural production or fertilizer application rates
declines in the use of potash products by oil and gas companies in their drilling operations
changes in economic conditions
our ability to comply with covenants in our debt-related agreements to avoid a default under those agreements, or the total amount available to us under our credit facility is reduced, in whole or in part, because of covenant limitations
disruption in the credit markets
our ability to secure additional federal and state potash leases to expand our existing mining operations
the other risks, uncertainties, and assumptions described in Item 1A. Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, as updated by our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q

In addition, new risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make.

In light of these risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in these forward-looking statements. As a result, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, except as required by law.


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Our Company
We are the only producer of potash in the United States and are one of two producers of langbeinite, which we market and sell as Trio®. We sell potash and Trio® primarily into the agricultural market as a fertilizer. We also sell these products into the animal feed market as a nutritional supplement and sell potash into the industrial market as a component in drilling and fracturing fluids for oil and gas wells and other industrial inputs. Our revenues are generated exclusively from the sale of potash and Trio®. We also produce salt and magnesium chloride from our potash mining processes, the sales of which are accounted for as by-product credits to our cost of sales. These by-product credits represented approximately 2% to 3% of total cost of goods sold in each of the last three years.
We own three solution mining facilities and two conventional underground mining facilities that we utilize for producing potash. Our solution mining production comes from our HB solar solution mine near Carlsbad, New Mexico, a solar solution mine near Moab, Utah and a solar brine recovery mine in Wendover, Utah. Our conventional production comes from our underground West and East mines near Carlsbad, New Mexico. We also operate the North compaction facility near Carlsbad, New Mexico, which services the West and HB mines. Trio® production comes from underground conventional mining of a mixed ore body that contains both potash and langbeinite, which is mined and processed at the East facility near Carlsbad, New Mexico. We have additional opportunities to develop mineralized deposits of potash in New Mexico as well as to continue the optimization of our processing plants. These opportunities potentially include additional solution mining activities, additional recoveries of langbeinite and acceleration of production from our reserves.
We routinely post important information about us and our business, including information about upcoming investor presentations, on our website under the Investor Relations tab. We encourage investors and other interested parties to enroll on our website to receive automatic email alerts or Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feeds regarding new postings. Our website is www.intrepidpotash.com.

Significant Business Trends and Activities
Our financial results have been impacted by several significant trends, which are described below. We expect that these trends will continue to drive our results of operations, cash flows, and financial position.
Potash demand. We sold 120,000 tons of potash in the third quarter of 2015, a decrease of 107,000 tons compared to the third quarter of 2014. The decrease in sales volumes resulted primarily from soft demand during the summer fill season. In 2014, the summer fill marketing programs stimulated sales in the third quarter. In 2015, the summer fill marketing programs did not have a positive impact on third quarter sales volumes as a result of market uncertainty surrounding declining potash prices and customers ending the spring application season with higher than normal inventory in storage. Although the fall harvest is currently underway, demand has been slow to develop for the fall season. We also continue to see lower sales volumes in 2015 into the industrial market as compared to 2014 due to the decrease in oil and gas drilling in the U.S.
Our ability to supply tons to our customers on a timely basis continues to be a fundamental element of our sales strategy. We utilize our geographic location advantage, as well as our strong distribution system, to effectively position product closer to our customers.
The specific timing of when farmers apply potash remains highly weather dependent and varies across the numerous growing regions within the U.S. The timing of potash sales is significantly influenced by the marketing programs of potash producers, as well as storage volumes closer to the farm gate. The combination of these items results in variability in potash sales and shipments, thereby increasing volatility of sales volumes from quarter to quarter and season to season.
Potash prices. Our average net realized sales price for potash decreased to $319 per ton in the third quarter of 2015 compared to $336 per ton in the third quarter of 2014. Potash prices are a significant driver of profitability for our business. Domestic pricing of our potash is influenced principally by the price established by our competitors. We are also experiencing price pressure due to global producers importing tonnage into the North American potash market, in some cases by global producers seeking to take advantage of the strong U.S. dollar. The interaction of global potash supply and demand, ocean, land and barge freight rates, and currency fluctuations also influence pricing. We expect potash prices will continue to be pressured throughout the remainder of 2015 and into 2016 as global and U.S. potash supply continues to exceed demand and as commodity prices continue to be pressured.
Trio® prices and demand. Sales volumes for Trio® decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to the same periods in 2014. Trio demand was also negatively impacted by the overall softness in the fertilizer market.

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    Our average net realized sales price for Trio® was $379 per ton in the third quarter of 2015, an increase from $351 per ton in the third quarter 2014, but a decrease from $383 in the second quarter of 2015. The benefits of a low-chloride specialty product and the recognition of the value of magnesium and sulfate contribute to our success with Trio®. We expect to see continued downward pressure in the fourth quarter of 2015 due to an announced price decrease in the North American low-chloride potassium market. We continue to focus our efforts on the granular- and premium- domestic markets.
Strategic projects to increase production. We are taking actions to expand our potash production through the optimization of our current facilities and through expanding our solar solution production. We are also taking actions to increase our langbeinite production. In this regard, we are focused on optimizing our langbeinite recovery techniques and maximizing the amount of premium-sized Trio® product we produce. Further, we continue to perform testing at our East facility relating to developing our plans to convert our East facility to langbeinite-only production, which we expect to occur in the second half of 2016. As we execute on our strategic projects, we continue to evaluate the underlying assumptions, including remaining asset lives, on the recoverability of our assets and these evaluations could result in accelerated depreciation or asset impairment charges in the future.
Costs associated with abnormal production. We routinely evaluate our production levels and costs to determine if any costs are associated with abnormal production, as described under generally accepted accounting principles. The assessment of normal production levels is judgmental and unique to each quarter.
During the third quarter of 2015, we received an order issued by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (“MSHA”) relating to maintenance issues and salt build-up in the ore hoisting shaft at our West mine. Upon issuance of the order, we suspended production at the West mine for 15 days while we took corrective actions to resolve the issues. As a result, potash production from our West mine was abnormally low during this period. In addition, although production resumed in mid-September, we continue to perform incremental maintenance on the ore hoisting shaft, during which time production at the West mine is temporarily suspended.
Also during the third quarter of 2015, we temporarily suspended potash production at our East facility for a total of seven days as we performed two separate tests relating to developing our plans to convert our East facility to langbeinite-only production.
    As a result of the temporary suspensions of production, we determined that approximately $4.9 million and $2.0 million of production costs at our West and East facilities, respectively, would have been allocated to additional potash tons produced, assuming we had been operating at normal production rates. Accordingly, these costs were excluded from our inventory values and instead directly expensed in the third quarter 2015 as period production costs. We compare actual production levels relative to what we estimated could have been produced if we had not incurred the temporary production suspensions and lower operating rates in order to determine the abnormal cost adjustment. We expect incremental shaft maintenance at West to continue into the fourth quarter of 2015. Further, we continue to perform testing at our East facility relating to developing our plans to convert our East facility to langbeinite-only production, which we expect to occur in the second half of 2016.
Weather impact. Our solar facilities have experienced a below average evaporation season thus far in 2015. As a result, fewer potash crystals have formed in our evaporation ponds for harvesting during the harvest season that has recently begun. Therefore, we expect lower production from these facilities in 2016 as compared to 2015.
Selected Operating and Financial Data
The following tables present selected operations data for the periods noted. Analysis of the details of this information is contained throughout this discussion. We present this table as a summary of information relating to key indicators of financial condition and operating performance that we believe are important. We calculate average net realized sales price by deducting freight costs from gross revenues and then by dividing this result by tons of product sold during the period.


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Change
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Between
 
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
Periods
 
% Change
Production volume (in thousands of tons):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Potash
 
160

 
194

 
(34
)
 
(18
)%
   Langbeinite
 
37

 
34

 
3

 
9
 %
Sales volume (in thousands of tons):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Potash
 
120

 
227

 
(107
)
 
(47
)%
   Trio®
 
26

 
43

 
(17
)
 
(40
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross sales (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Potash
 
$
41,997

 
$
84,142

 
$
(42,145
)
 
(50
)%
   Trio®
 
11,695

 
18,138

 
(6,443
)
 
(36
)%
   Total
 
53,692

 
102,280

 
(48,588
)
 
(48
)%
Freight costs (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Potash
 
3,575

 
7,846

 
(4,271
)
 
(54
)%
   Trio®
 
1,773

 
3,079

 
(1,306
)
 
(42
)%
   Total
 
5,348

 
10,925

 
(5,577
)
 
(51
)%
Net sales (in thousands)(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Potash
 
38,422

 
76,296

 
(37,874
)
 
(50
)%
   Trio®
 
9,922

 
15,059

 
(5,137
)
 
(34
)%
   Total
 
$
48,344

 
$
91,355

 
$
(43,011
)
 
(47
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Potash statistics (per ton):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Average net realized sales price(1)
 
$
319

 
$
336

 
$
(17
)
 
(5
)%
   Cash operating costs(1)(2) 
 
198

 
204

 
(6
)
 
(3
)%
   Depreciation and depletion
 
71

 
73

 
(2
)
 
(3
)%
   Royalties
 
11

 
12

 
(1
)
 
(8
)%
      Total potash cost of goods sold
 
$
280

 
$
289

 
$
(9
)
 
(3
)%
   Warehousing and handling costs
 
22

 
12

 
10

 
83
 %
   Average potash gross margin(1)(3)
 
$
17

 
$
35

 
$
(18
)
 
(51
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trio® statistics (per ton):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Average net realized sales price(1)
 
$
379

 
$
351

 
$
28

 
8
 %
   Cash operating costs(1) 
 
239

 
206

 
33

 
16
 %
   Depreciation and depletion
 
63

 
59

 
4

 
7
 %
   Royalties
 
19

 
18

 
1

 
6
 %
   Total Trio® cost of goods sold
 
$
321

 
$
283

 
$
38

 
13
 %
   Warehousing and handling costs
 
21

 
12

 
9

 
75
 %
   Average Trio® gross margin(1)(3)
 
$
37

 
$
56

 
$
(19
)
 
(34
)%
(1)
Additional information about our non-GAAP financial measures is set forth under the heading "Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
(2)
Amounts are presented net of by-product credits. On a per-ton basis, by-product credits were $16 and $7 for the three months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively. By-product credits were $1.9 million and $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

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(3)
Amounts presented exclude lower-of-cost-or-market inventory adjustments and costs associated with abnormal production. Lower-of-cost-or-market inventory adjustments were $37 per ton and $15 per ton of potash sold in the three month periods ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Costs associated with abnormal production were $43 per ton and $0 per ton of potash produced in the three months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change
 
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Between
 
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
Periods
 
% Change
Production volume (in thousands of tons):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Potash
 
550

 
605

 
(55
)
 
(9
)%
   Langbeinite
 
116

 
109

 
7

 
6
 %
Sales volume (in thousands of tons):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Potash
 
498

 
705

 
(207
)
 
(29
)%
   Trio®
 
125

 
141

 
(16
)
 
(11
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross sales (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Potash
 
$
189,819

 
$
253,443

 
$
(63,624
)
 
(25
)%
   Trio®
 
54,545

 
58,661

 
(4,116
)
 
(7
)%
   Total
 
244,364

 
312,104

 
(67,740
)
 
(22
)%
Freight costs (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Potash
 
15,258

 
23,003

 
(7,745
)
 
(34
)%
   Trio®
 
7,900

 
9,613

 
(1,713
)
 
(18
)%
   Total
 
23,158

 
32,616

 
(9,458
)
 
(29
)%
Net sales (in thousands)(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Potash
 
174,561

 
230,440

 
(55,879
)
 
(24
)%
   Trio®
 
46,645

 
49,048

 
(2,403
)
 
(5
)%
   Total
 
$
221,206

 
$
279,488

 
$
(58,282
)
 
(21
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Potash statistics (per ton):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Average net realized sales price(1)
 
$
351

 
$
327

 
$
24

 
7
 %
   Cash operating costs(1)(2) 
 
206

 
199

 
7

 
4
 %
   Depreciation and depletion
 
77

 
68

 
9

 
13
 %
   Royalties
 
13

 
11

 
2

 
18
 %
      Total potash cost of goods sold
 
$
296

 
$
278

 
$
18

 
6
 %
   Warehousing and handling costs
 
17

 
11

 
6

 
55
 %
   Average potash gross margin(1)(3)
 
$
38

 
$
38

 
$

 
 %
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trio® statistics (per ton):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Average net realized sales price(1)
 
$
374

 
$
348

 
$
26

 
7
 %
   Cash operating costs(1) 
 
195

 
202

 
(7
)
 
(3
)%
   Depreciation and depletion
 
57

 
60

 
(3
)
 
(5
)%
   Royalties
 
19

 
17

 
2

 
12
 %
   Total Trio® cost of goods sold
 
$
271

 
$
279

 
$
(8
)
 
(3
)%
   Warehousing and handling costs
 
16

 
10

 
6

 
60
 %
   Average Trio® gross margin(1)(3)
 
$
87

 
$
59

 
$
28

 
47
 %
(1)
Additional information about our non-GAAP financial measures is set forth under the heading "Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

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(2)
Amounts are presented net of by-product credits. On a per-ton basis, by-product credits were $11 and $7 for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively. By-product credits were $5.7 million and $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively.
(3)
Amounts presented exclude lower-of-cost-or-market inventory adjustments and costs associated with abnormal production. Lower-of-cost-or-market inventory adjustments were $20 per ton and $12 per ton of potash sold during the nine months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Costs associated with abnormal production were $12 per ton and $0 per ton of potash produced during the nine months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

Results of Operations
Operating Highlights
Net loss for the third quarter of 2015 was $8.1 million, or $(0.11) per basic and diluted share, and cash flows used by operating activities were $11.6 million. Net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was $6.5 million, or $(0.09) per basic share, and cash flows from operating activities were $43.6 million. Based on our expectations for potash pricing for the remainder of the year, we anticipate that we will incur a net loss in the fourth quarter of 2015.
Potash
The majority of our revenues and gross margin are derived from the production and sale of potash.
We sold 120,000 tons of potash in the third quarter of 2015 compared with 227,000 tons sold in the third quarter of 2014. For the first nine months of 2015, we sold 498,000 tons of potash compared to 705,000 tons in the first nine months of 2014. Traditional summer fill programs did not stimulate potash purchases during the third quarter of 2015, as compared to the prior year. Further, potash pricing is pressured as inventory levels exceed normal levels. Although the fall harvest is currently underway, demand has been slow to develop for the fall application season. As shown below, the mix between agricultural, industrial and feed volumes has remained relatively constant during 2015.
The table below shows our potash sales mix for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014.
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Agricultural
 
69%
 
78%
 
76%
 
76%
Industrial
 
22%
 
17%
 
17%
 
19%
Feed
 
9%
 
5%
 
7%
 
5%

Our production volume of potash in the third quarter of 2015 decreased to 160,000 tons, compared with 194,000 tons produced in the third quarter of 2014. The production decrease was primarily attributable to the temporary shutdowns at our West and East facilities noted above, offset by a slight increase in our solar facility production, primarily as the HB mine has ramped up production. The resulting decreases in relatively higher cost conventional production contributed to a decrease in our cash operating costs per ton to $198 in the third quarter of 2015, compared with $204 in the third quarter of 2014. Our warehousing and handling costs per ton of potash sold increased as our labor and fixed costs were allocated over fewer tons sold. During the nine month period ending September 30, 2015, our potash production decreased approximately 55,000 tons compared to the same period in the prior year.
Trio® 
Our Trio® production increased 9% and 6% in the third quarter 2015 and the nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively. We continue to focus on increasing our Trio production with the conversion from standard- to premium-sized Trio®. While pricing for Trio® in the third quarter of 2015 increased as compared to a year ago, it was slightly lower as compared to the second quarter of 2015. We expect to see continued downward pressure in the fourth quarter of 2015 due to an announced price decrease in the North American low-chloride potassium market. We continue to focus our efforts on the granular- and premium- domestic markets. Our sales of Trio® decreased to 26,000 tons in the third quarter of 2015 as compared with 43,000 tons in the third quarter of 2014, as our customers delayed purchases due to an uncertainty in commodities pricing. For the first nine months of 2015, we sold 125,000 tons of Trio® compared to 141,000 tons in the first nine months of 2014.
In the third quarter of 2015 as compared with 2014, our average Trio® gross margin decreased by $19 per ton. This decrease was due to an increase in our cash operating costs of $33 per ton and an increase in our warehousing and handling

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costs of $9 per ton, partially offset by an increase in our average net realized sales price for Trio® of $28 per ton. The increase in warehousing and handling costs is attributable to lower volumes and increased labor costs.
Our export sales of Trio® tend to have more variability as to the timing of those sales. As a result, the percentage of sales into the export market as compared to the domestic market can fluctuate significantly from period to period, as shown in the table below.

 
 
United States
 
Export
Trio® only
 
 
 
 
2015
 
 
 
 
For the three months ended September 30, 2015
 
75%
 
25%
For the nine months ended September 30, 2015
 
89%
 
11%
 
 
 
 
 
2014
 
 
 
 
For the three months ended September 30, 2014
 
84%
 
16%
For the nine months ended September 30, 2014
 
91%
 
9%
    
Average Net Realized Sales Price
Our average net realized sales price for potash decreased by $17 per ton in the third quarter of 2015, to $319 per ton, compared to the third quarter of 2014, largely as a result of commodity price concerns and potash supply exceeding demand in 2015. Domestically, the potash market is influenced by global supply and demand, and is impacted by imports from our competitors. As imports into the domestic market have increased in 2015 as compared to 2014, we expect continued potash price pressure in the fourth quarter of 2015 and into 2016.
The table below demonstrates our average net realized sales price for potash and Trio® through September 30, 2015.
Average net realized sales price for the three months ended:
 
Potash
 
Trio®
 
 
(Per ton)
September 30, 2015
 
$319
 
$379
June 30, 2015
 
$358
 
$383
March 31, 2015
 
$362
 
$367
December 31, 2014
 
$348
 
$354
September 30, 2014
 
$336
 
$351
June 30, 2014
 
$329
 
$350
March 31, 2014
 
$317
 
$340

Specific Factors Affecting Our Results
Sales
Our gross sales are derived from the sales of potash and Trio® and are determined by the quantities of product we sell and the sales prices we realize. We quote prices to customers both on a delivered basis and on the basis of pick-up at our plants and warehouses. Freight costs are incurred on only a portion of our sales as many of our customers arrange and pay for their own freight directly. When we arrange and pay for freight, our quotes and billings are based on expected freight costs to the points of delivery. Although our gross sales include the freight that we bill, we do not believe that gross sales provide a representative measure of our performance in the market due to variations caused by ongoing changes in the proportion of customers paying for their own freight, the geographic distribution of our products, and freight rates. Rail freight rates have been steadily increasing, thereby negatively influencing our net realized sales prices. We view net sales, which are gross sales less freight costs, as the key performance indicator of our revenue as it conveys the net sales price of the product that we sold. We manage our sales and marketing operations centrally and we work to achieve the highest average net realized sales price we can by evaluating the product needs of our customers and associated logistics and then determining which of our production facilities can best satisfy these needs.

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The volume of product we sell is determined by demand for our products and by our production capabilities. We intend to operate our facilities at full production levels, which provide the greatest operating efficiencies. By having adequate warehouse capacity, we can maintain production levels during periods of fluctuating product demand and have product inventory positioned closer to the fields in order to meet peak periods of fertilizer demand.
Cost of Goods Sold
Our cost of goods sold reflects the costs to produce our potash and Trio® products, less credits generated from the sale of our by-products. Many of our production costs are largely fixed, and, consequently, our costs of sales per ton on a facility-by-facility basis tend to move inversely with the number of tons we produce, within the context of normal production levels. We expect to experience variability in our cost of goods sold due to fluctuations in the relative mix of product that we produce through conventional and solar solution mining. Our cost of goods sold per ton for our solar solution facilities is less than our cost of goods sold per ton for our conventional facilities. However, our solar solution production is impacted by weather variability. Our principal production costs include labor and employee benefits, maintenance materials, contract labor, and materials for operating or maintenance projects, natural gas, electricity, operating supplies, chemicals, depreciation and depletion, royalties, and leasing costs. There are elements of our cost structure associated with contract labor, consumable operating supplies, and reagents and royalties that are variable, which make up a smaller component of our cost base. Our periodic production costs and costs of goods sold will not necessarily match one another from period-to-period based on the fluctuation of inventory, sales, and production levels at our facilities.
Our production costs per ton are also impacted when our production levels change, due to factors such as changes in the grade of ore delivered to the plant, levels of mine development, plant operating performance, downtime, and annual maintenance turnarounds. We expect that our labor and contract labor costs in Carlsbad, New Mexico, will continue to be influenced most directly by the demand for labor in the local Carlsbad, New Mexico, region where we compete for labor with the potash, oil and gas, and nuclear waste storage industries. Additionally, the East mine has a complex mineralogy with a mixed ore body comprised of potash and langbeinite. This complex ore is currently processed through a singular product flow at the surface facility. The specific grade, volume, and characterization of the ore that is mined at any particular time is subject to fluctuations due to the nature of the mineral deposits and influences the amount of tons of potash and langbeinite ultimately produced from the facility, which affects our production costs per ton for both products and affects our quarter-to-quarter results. Our total costs are also negatively impacted as we continue to perform testing at our East facility relating to developing our plans to convert our East facility to langbeinite-only production.
We pay royalties to federal, state, and private lessors under our mineral leases. These payments typically equal a percentage of net sales of minerals extracted and sold under the applicable lease. In some cases, federal royalties for potash are paid on a sliding scale that varies with the grade of ore extracted. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, our average royalty rate was 3.8% and 4.0%, respectively. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, our average royalty rate was 3.8%.
Income Taxes
We are a subchapter C corporation and, therefore, are subject to federal and state income taxes on our taxable income. Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 was 49.2% and 44.0%, respectively. Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 was 0.3% and (40.3)%, respectively. Our effective income tax rates are impacted primarily by changes in the underlying tax rates in jurisdictions in which we are subject to income tax and permanent differences between book and tax income for the period, including the benefit associated with the estimated effect of depletion and research and development credits. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, our effective tax rate was impacted primarily as a result of the benefit from estimated depletion deductions.
Our federal and state income tax returns are subject to examination by federal and state tax authorities.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, we recognized an income tax benefit of $7.9 million and $5.1 million, respectively. Total tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was comprised of $5,000 of current income tax benefit and $5.1 million of deferred income tax benefit.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, the total tax benefit was $3,000 and $1.1 million, respectively. Total tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2014, was solely comprised of deferred income tax benefit. Total tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, was comprised of $1.1 million of current income tax benefit and $31,000 of deferred income tax benefit. In the nine months ended September 30, 2014, in addition to the items noted above, we also benefited from the reversal of a valuation allowance of $1.7 million related to New Mexico net operating loss carry forwards that had been established in 2013. As a result of legislation passed by the State of New Mexico in the first quarter of 2014, we now believe these net operating loss carry forwards will be realized. The reversal of the $1.7 million valuation allowance is included in the $31,000 of deferred income tax benefit in the nine months ended September 30, 2014, which impacts the effective tax rate for the period.

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We evaluate our deferred tax assets and liabilities each reporting period using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the periods in which the deferred tax liability or asset is expected to be settled or realized. The estimated statutory income tax rates that are applied to our current and deferred income tax calculations are impacted most significantly by the states in which we do business. Changing business conditions for normal business transactions and operations as well as changes to state tax rate and apportionment laws potentially alter our apportionment of income among the states for income tax purposes. These changes in apportionment laws result in changes in the calculation of our current and deferred income taxes, including the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities. The effects of any such changes are recorded in the period of the adjustment. These adjustments can increase or decrease the net deferred tax asset on the balance sheet and impact the corresponding deferred tax benefit or deferred tax expense on the income statement.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2015, and 2014
Net Sales
Net sales of potash decreased to $38.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, from $76.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2014. This decrease in net sales of potash was primarily the result of a 47% decrease in sales volume, as noted above, compounded by a decrease of $17 per ton in the average net realized sales price.
Net sales of Trio® decreased to $9.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, from $15.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2014, due to a 40% decrease in the volume of sales partially offset by an 8% increase in the average net realized sales price. Sales volumes for Trio® decreased in the third quarter of 2015 as compared to the same period in 2014, reflecting overall softness in the fertilizer market as described above.
Cost of Goods Sold
The following table presents our cost of goods sold for potash and Trio® for the subject periods:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Change Between
 

 
 
2015
 
2014
 
Periods
 
% Change
Cost of goods sold (in millions)
 
$
42.2

 
$
77.8

 
$
(35.6
)
 
(46
)%
Cost per ton of potash sold(1)
 
$
280

 
$
289

 
$
(9
)
 
(3
)%
Cost per ton of Trio® sold(2)
 
$
321

 
$
283

 
$
38

 
13
 %

(1)
Depreciation and depletion expense for potash was $8.4 million and $16.5 million in the third quarter of 2015 and 2014, respectively, which equates to $71 and $73 on a per-ton basis.
(2)
Depreciation and depletion expense for Trio® was $1.7 million and $2.5 million in the third quarter of 2015 and 2014, respectively, which equates to $63 and $59 on a per-ton basis.
Total per ton cost of goods sold of potash, which includes royalties and depreciation, depletion and amortization, decreased as we benefited from increased production from our HB mine, as well as the direct expensing of abnormal production costs related to reduced production levels at West and East noted above. We recorded lower-of-cost-or-market inventory adjustments during the third quarter of 2015 of $4.4 million, primarily the result of lower potash prices. We also recorded $6.9 million of abnormal production costs during the third quarter of 2015. Both our lower-of-cost-or-market adjustments and abnormal production costs are excluded from our cost of goods sold.
Our mix of ore at East during the third quarter of 2015 resulted in more costs being allocated to Trio® as compared to the same period in 2014. Further, total per ton cost of goods sold of Trio® increased as a result of producing more premium-sized Trio®.
Our total cost of goods sold decreased primarily due to less tons of potash and Trio® sold in the third quarter of 2015. Our potash production costs decreased due to the direct expensing of costs related to reduced production at West and East, as noted above, and decreased natural gas and electricity costs.
Lower-of-Cost-or-Market Adjustment
During the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, we recorded charges of approximately $4.4 million and $3.4 million, respectively, as a result of routine assessments of the lower of weighted average cost or estimated net realizable value on our finished goods product inventory. The $4.4 million of lower-of-cost-or-market adjustment recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2015, related to our potash inventories from our conventional facilities, and

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resulted from lower potash prices. We expect additional lower-of-cost-or-market adjustments to continue into the fourth quarter of 2015.
Selling and Administrative Expense
Selling and administrative expenses decreased $0.5 million, or 8%, to $5.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, from $6.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2014. The decrease is primarily due to decreased administration labor and benefits costs, partially offset by increased outside legal and professional fees related to one on-going issue.
Costs Associated with Abnormal Production
During the third quarter of 2015, we received an order issued by MSHA relating to maintenance issues and salt build-up in the ore hoisting shaft at our West mine. Upon issuance of the order, we suspended production at the West mine for 15 days while we took corrective actions to resolve the issues. As a result, potash production from our West mine was abnormally low during this period. In addition, since production resumed in mid-September, we continue to perform incremental maintenance on the ore hoisting shaft, during which time production at the West mine is temporarily suspended.
Further, during the third quarter of 2015, we temporarily suspended potash production at our East facility for a total of seven days as we performed two separate langbeinite-only testing runs.
As a result of the temporary suspensions of production, we determined that approximately $4.9 million and $2.0 million of production costs at our West and East facilities, respectively, would have been allocated to additional tons produced, assuming we had been operating at normal production rates. Accordingly, these costs were excluded from our inventory values and instead expensed in the third quarter of 2015 as period production costs. We compare actual production relative to what we estimated could have been produced if we had not incurred the temporary production suspensions and lower operating rates in order to determine the abnormal cost adjustment. We expect incremental shaft maintenance at West to continue into the fourth quarter of 2015. We also anticipate additional testing as we continue to develop our plans to convert our East facility to langbeinite-only production, which we expect to occur in the second half of 2016. Both of these activities will result in incremental abnormal production charges.
    
    
Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015, and 2014
Net Sales
Net sales of potash decreased from $230.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, to $174.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. This decrease in net sales of potash was primarily the result of a 29% decrease in sales volume partially offset by an increase in the average net realized sales price of potash of $24 per ton, or 7%. Our 2015 sales volume decreased compared to those realized in the same period in 2014 due to the factors discussed above.
Net sales of Trio® decreased from $49.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, to $46.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, due to an 11% decrease in sales volumes, partially offset by a 7% increase in the average net realized sales price.
Cost of Goods Sold
The following table presents our cost of goods sold for potash and Trio® for the subject periods:
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Change Between
 
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
Periods
 
% Change
Cost of goods sold (in millions)
 
$
180.9

 
$
235.8

 
$
(54.9
)
 
(23
)%
Cost per ton of potash sold(1)
 
$
296

 
$
278

 
$
18

 
6
 %
Cost per ton of Trio® sold(2)
 
$
271

 
$
279

 
$
(8
)
 
(3
)%

(1)
Depreciation and depletion expense for potash was $37.8 million and $47.7 million in the first nine months of 2015 and 2014, respectively, which equates to $77 and $68 on a per-ton basis.
(2)
Depreciation and depletion expense for Trio® was $7.2 million and $8.5 million in the first nine months of 2015 and 2014, respectively, which equates to $57 and $60 on a per-ton basis.

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Total cost of goods sold of potash, which includes royalties and depreciation, depletion and amortization, decreased as we experienced lower sales volumes in 2015 compared to 2014. Further, our cash operating costs per ton for the first nine months of 2015 were higher than the same period in 2014, largely due to lower production at our conventional facilities and our solar solution facilities in Utah. We recorded lower-of-cost-or-market inventory adjustments during the first nine months of 2015 of $10.1 million, stemming from product produced from our conventional facilities and lower potash pricing. We recorded lower-of-cost-or-market inventory adjustments during the first nine months of 2014 of $8.1 million, of which $4.0 million related to the start-up activities of our HB mine.
Total cost of goods sold of Trio® decreased in the first nine months of 2015 compared to 2014 due mainly to lower sales volumes.
In total, our cost of goods sold decreased $54.9 million primarily due to less tons of potash sold in the first nine months of 2015.
On a comparative basis, and within our potash and Trio® cost of goods sold, depreciation and depletion decreased $11.2 million, or 20%, during the first nine months of 2015 as a result of a decrease in the number of tons of potash sold. We manage capital investments by evaluating capital projects that we believe are necessary to maintain the productivity of our mines and by evaluating investment capital that is designed to increase production and generate incremental returns on invested capital.
Lower-of-Cost-or-Market Adjustment
During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, we recorded charges of approximately $10.1 million and $8.1 million, respectively, as a result of routine assessments of the lower of weighted average cost or estimated net realizable value on our finished goods product inventory. The $10.1 million of lower-of-cost-or-market adjustment recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2015, related to our potash inventories from our conventional facilities, and resulted from our higher production costs per ton and overall lower potash pricing. Of the $8.1 million of lower-of-cost-or-market adjustment recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2014, $4.0 million related to the start-up activities of our HB mine and $4.1 million related to inventory from our conventional facilities.
Selling and Administrative Expense
Selling and administrative expenses increased $1.5 million, or 8%, to $21.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 from $20.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. As part of our on-going efforts to reduce our cost structure, we exercised our option to terminate our corporate office lease in May 2015 in accordance with its terms, resulting in a $1.2 million charge in the second quarter of 2015. Selling and administrative expenses also increased outside legal and professional fees related primarily to one on-going issue. We expect the termination penalty related to our office lease will be payable in the first quarter of 2016.
Costs Associated with Abnormal Production
As discussed above, because of the temporary suspensions of production during the third quarter, we determined that approximately $4.9 million and $2.0 million of production costs at our West and East facilities, respectively, would have been allocated to additional tons produced, assuming we had been operating at normal production rates. Accordingly, these costs were excluded from our inventory values and instead expensed in the third quarter of 2015 as period production costs. We compare actual production relative to what we estimated could have been produced if we had not incurred the temporary production suspensions and lower operating rates in order to determine the abnormal cost adjustment.
Restructuring Expense
In January 2014, in response to lower potash prices and the substantial completion of our major capital projects, we undertook a number of cost saving actions that were intended to better align our cost structure with our then-current business environment. These initiatives included the elimination of approximately 7% of our workforce, including capital project related support associated with our major capital projects, reduction in the use of outside professionals, and cutbacks in other general and administrative areas.
Other Operating Income
In late 2014, we initiated legal action to protest property tax valuations in New Mexico. In the second quarter of 2015, we reached an agreement with the State of New Mexico that resulted in a net $2.0 million reduction in previously paid property taxes. Accordingly, as the inventory produced during 2014 has since been sold, we recorded the settlement in "Other operating income" during the second quarter of 2015.

In the third quarter of 2013, our application for certain New Mexico employment-related tax credits was denied, and we recorded an additional allowance of approximately $2.8 million related to the denied tax credits. In March 2014, we

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received notice that the State of New Mexico had approved $5.9 million of employment tax credits, a significant portion of which had previously been denied. Accordingly, in the first quarter of 2014, we reversed $2.9 million of the allowance associated with the previously recorded employment-related tax credits. We received payment of the $5.9 million for the approved credits in the second quarter of 2014.
    
Capital Investments
We are taking actions to expand our potash production through the optimization of our current facilities and through expanding our solar solution production. We are also taking actions to increase our langbeinite production. In this regard, we are focused on optimizing our langbeinite recovery techniques and maximizing the amount of premium-sized Trio® product we manufacture. In addition, we continue to develop our plans to convert our East facility to langbeinite-only production, which we expect to occur in the second half of 2016.
We expect our level of capital investment to be approximately $45 million to $55 million for 2015, the majority of which we expect to be sustaining capital. Our 2015 operating plans and capital programs are being funded out of operating cash flows and existing cash and investments. As described below, we may also use our revolving credit facility issuances, to fund capital investments.
During the first nine months of 2015, we paid cash of $37.0 million for capital projects.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2015, we had cash, cash equivalents, and investments of $93.9 million. We also have an unsecured revolving credit facility that provides credit of up to $250 million, provided that we meet specified financial covenants, as described below under the heading “Unsecured Credit Facility.” As of September 30, 2015, $187 million of this facility was available to us and we had no borrowings outstanding under this facility.
The $93.9 million of cash, cash equivalents and investments at September 30, 2015, was made up of the following:
$19.9 million in cash;
$4.4 million in cash equivalent investments, consisting of money market accounts with banking institutions that we believe are financially sound; and
$56.6 million and $13.0 million invested in short and long-term investments, respectively.
Our operations have been and are expected to be primarily funded from cash on hand and cash generated by operations and, if necessary, we have the ability to borrow under our unsecured credit facility. We will continue to monitor our future sources and uses of cash, and anticipate that we will make adjustments to our capital allocation strategies when, and if determined by our Board of Directors. We may use our revolving credit facility as a source of liquidity for operating activities and to give us additional flexibility to finance, among other things, our capital investments, possible repayments of debt, dividends or stock repurchases.
The following summarizes our cash flow activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014:
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
(In thousands)
Cash flows provided by operating activities
 
$
43,592

 
$
104,835

Cash flows used in investing activities
 
$
(85,465
)
 
$
(33,785
)
Cash flows used in financing activities
 
$
(1,394
)
 
$
(611
)

Operating Activities
Total cash provided by operating activities through September 30, 2015, was $43.6 million, a decrease of $61.2 million compared with the first nine months of 2014. Our potash production volumes exceeded our sales volumes in the first nine months of 2015, which resulted in an increase in product inventory. During the nine months ended September 30, 2014, our potash sales exceeded potash production, which decreased inventory levels.

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Investing Activities
Total cash used in investing activities increased by $51.7 million in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the same nine month period in 2014 as a result of increased investment purchases, partially offset by lower capital investment activity and decreased proceeds from the sale of investments.
Financing Activities
Total cash used in financing activities of $1.4 million was due to employee tax withholding for the vesting of restricted stock.
Unsecured Credit Facility
We have an unsecured credit facility, led by U.S. Bank, as administrative agent, and Wells Fargo Bank, as syndication agent. This unsecured credit facility provides a revolving credit facility of up to $250 million. The actual amount available to us may be limited by our leverage ratio, which may not exceed 3.5, and our fixed charge coverage ratio, which may not be below 1.3. As of September 30, 2015, $187 million of the facility was available to us. We believe that amounts available to us are, and will continue to be, adequate to fund our operations and our capital investment projects.
Under the facility, the leverage ratio is defined as the ratio of our total funded indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA (earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization, and certain other expenses, as defined in the credit facility) for the prior four fiscal quarters. The fixed charge coverage ratio is defined as the ratio of adjusted EBITDA (less $40 million for maintenance capital expenditures and cash paid for income taxes, as defined in the credit facility) for the prior four fiscal quarters to fixed charges. These ratios and other restricted covenants under the facility could limit our ability to engage in activities that we believe are in our long-term best interests or limit our ability to access the full amount of the facility. For example, if adjusted EBITDA remains at or below current levels with no change to indebtedness, these ratios would remain at a level where less than $250 million is available to us. Based on current market conditions, we expect that the total amount available to us under the facility will continue to be limited at or below the September 30, 2015, level (including to zero) for the foreseeable future. If current market conditions continue and with our expected EBITDA levels, we anticipate that we will not be able to maintain compliance with our fixed charge coverage ratio through 2016. As a result, we are proactively working with our lenders and evaluating options for maintaining compliance, which will likely include requesting covenant amendments, waivers or forbearances and possible reduction of our debt levels (including the payment of prepayment penalties). Our failure to comply with these ratios and covenants under the facility would result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of all outstanding indebtedness. In addition, the amount available under the facility would be reduced to zero.
Outstanding balances under the unsecured credit facility bear interest at a floating rate, which, at our option, is either (1) the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), plus a margin of between 1.125% and 2.25%, depending upon our leverage ratio, as defined above; or (2) an alternative base rate, plus a margin of between 0.125% and 1.25%, depending upon our leverage ratio. We pay a quarterly commitment fee on the outstanding portion of the unused revolving unsecured credit facility amount of between 0.15% and 0.35%, depending on our leverage ratio. The interest rate paid under our unsecured credit facility on any debt varies both with changes in the LIBOR and with our leverage ratio.
The facility was amended in August 2015 to extend the maturity date by two years to August 2020. The facility is unsecured and is guaranteed by our material subsidiaries. We are currently in compliance with the covenants under the facility. We occasionally borrow and repay amounts under the facility for near-term working capital needs and may do so in the future. As of September 30, 2015, there were no amounts outstanding under the facility.
Unsecured Senior Notes
In April 2013, we received net proceeds of $149.3 million from the issuance of $150 million aggregate principal amount of the Notes pursuant to a note purchase agreement entered into in August 2012. The Notes consist of the following series:
$60 million of 3.23% Senior Notes, Series A, due April 16, 2020
$45 million of 4.13% Senior Notes, Series B, due April 14, 2023
$45 million of 4.28% Senior Notes, Series C, due April 16, 2025

Interest on the Notes is paid semiannually on April 16 and October 16 of each year.
The Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with any of our other unsubordinated unsecured indebtedness. The obligations under the Notes are unconditionally guaranteed by our material

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subsidiaries. The Notes are subject to the same leverage ratio and fixed charge coverage ratio as apply under the credit facility. As described above, these ratios and other restricted covenants under the Notes could limit our ability to engage in activities that we believe are in our long-term best interests. In addition, if current market conditions continue and with our expected EBITDA levels, we anticipate that we will not be able to maintain compliance with our fixed charge coverage ratio through 2016. As a result, we are proactively working with our lenders and evaluating options for maintaining compliance, which will likely include requesting, covenant amendments, waivers or forbearances and possible reduction of our debt levels (including the payment of prepayment penalties). Our failure to comply with these ratios and covenants under the Notes would result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of all outstanding indebtedness.
We are currently in compliance with the covenants under the Notes.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of September 30, 2015, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements aside from the operating leases and bonding obligations described in the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, describes the critical accounting policies that affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies since December 31, 2014.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we use several non-GAAP financial measures to monitor and evaluate our performance. These non-GAAP financial measures include net sales, average net realized sales price, cash operating costs and average potash and Trio® gross margin. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. In addition, because the presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures varies among companies, our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to investors for analysis of our business. We also refer to these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our performance and when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures are widely used by professional research analysts and others in the valuation, comparison and investment recommendations of companies in the potash mining industry. Many investors use the published research reports of these professional research analysts and others in making investment decisions.

Below is additional information about our non-GAAP financial measures, including reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014.

Net Sales and Average Net Realized Sales Price per Ton

Net sales and average net realized sales price per ton are non-GAAP financial measures. Net sales are calculated as sales less freight costs. Average net realized sales price per ton is calculated as net sales, divided by the number of tons sold in the period. We consider net sales and average net realized sales price per ton to be useful because they remove the effect of transportation and delivery costs on sales and pricing. When we arrange transportation and delivery for a customer, we include in revenue and in freight costs the costs associated with transportation and delivery. However, many of our customers arrange for and pay their own transportation and delivery costs, in which case these costs are not included in our revenue and freight costs. We use net sales and average net realized sales price per ton as key performance indicators to analyze sales and price trends.
 

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Three Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
Potash
 
Trio®
 
Total
 
Potash
 
Trio®
 
Total
Sales
 
$
41,997

 
$
11,695

 
$
53,692

 
$
84,142

 
$
18,138

 
$
102,280

Freight costs
 
3,575

 
1,773

 
5,348

 
7,846

 
3,079

 
10,925

   Net sales
 
$
38,422

 
$
9,922

 
$
48,344

 
$
76,296

 
$
15,059

 
$
91,355

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Divided by:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tons sold (in thousands)
 
120

 
26

 
 
 
227

 
43

 
 
   Average net realized sales price per ton
 
$
319

 
$
379

 
 
 
$
336

 
$
351

 
 


 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
Potash
 
Trio®
 
Total
 
Potash
 
Trio®
 
Total
Sales
 
$
189,819

 
$
54,545

 
$
244,364

 
$
253,443

 
$
58,661

 
$
312,104

Freight costs
 
15,258

 
7,900

 
23,158

 
23,003

 
9,613

 
32,616

   Net sales
 
$
174,561

 
$
46,645

 
$
221,206

 
$
230,440

 
$
49,048

 
$
279,488

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Divided by:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tons sold (in thousands)
 
498

 
125

 
 
 
705

 
141

 
 
   Average net realized sales price per ton
 
$
351

 
$
374

 
 
 
$
327

 
$
348

 
 


Cash Operating Costs per Ton

Cash operating costs per ton is a non-GAAP financial measure that is calculated as total cost of goods sold divided by the number of tons sold in the period and then adjusted to exclude per-ton depreciation, depletion, and royalties. Total cost of goods sold is reported net of by-product credits and does not include warehousing and handling costs. We consider cash operating costs per ton to be useful because it represents our core, per-ton costs to produce potash and Trio®. We use cash operating costs per ton as an indicator of performance and operating efficiencies and as one of the measures under our performance-based compensation programs for employees.


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Three Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
Potash
 
Trio®
 
Total
 
Potash
 
Trio®
 
Total
Cost of goods sold
 
$
33,732

 
$
8,419

 
$
42,151

 
$
65,670

 
$
12,124

 
$
77,794

Divided by sales volume (in thousands of tons)
 
120

 
26

 
 
 
227

 
43

 
 
   Cost of goods sold per ton
 
$
280

 
$
321

 
 
 
$
289

 
$
283

 
 
Less per-ton adjustments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Depreciation and depletion
 
$
71

 
$
63

 
 
 
$
73

 
$
59

 
 
   Royalties
 
11

 
19

 
 
 
12

 
18

 
 
Cash operating costs per ton
 
$
198

 
$
239

 
 
 
$
204

 
$
206

 
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
Potash
 
Trio®
 
Total
 
Potash
 
Trio®
 
Total
Cost of goods sold
 
$
147,054

 
$
33,814

 
$
180,868

 
$
196,289

 
$
39,461

 
$
235,750

Divided by sales volume (in thousands of tons)
 
498

 
125

 
 
 
705

 
141

 
 
   Cost of goods sold per ton
 
$
296

 
$
271

 
 
 
$
278

 
$
279

 
 
Less per-ton adjustments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Depreciation and depletion
 
$
77

 
$
57

 
 
 
$
68

 
$
60

 
 
   Royalties
 
13

 
19

 
 
 
11

 
17

 
 
Cash operating costs per ton
 
$
206

 
$
195

 
 
 
$
199

 
$
202

 
 
Average Potash and Trio® Gross Margin per Ton
Average potash and Trio® gross margin per ton are non-GAAP financial measures that are calculated by subtracting the sum of per ton total cost of goods sold and per ton warehousing and handling costs from the average net realized sales price. We believe these measures are useful because they represent the average margin we realize on each ton of potash and Trio® sold. The reconciliations of average potash and Trio® net realized sales price to GAAP sales are set forth separately above under the heading "Net Sales and Average Net Realized Sales Price per Ton." Amounts presented exclude $37 per ton and $15 per ton of potash sold relating to lower-of-cost-or-market inventory adjustments during the three month periods ending September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively, and $20 per ton and $12 per ton of potash sold relating to lower-of-cost-or-market inventory adjustments for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Further, our average potash gross margin per ton excludes costs associated with abnormal production of $43 per ton and $0 per ton of potash produced during the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Potash
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average potash net realized sales price(1)
 
$
319

 
$
336

 
$
351

 
$
327

Less total potash cost of goods sold
 
280

 
289

 
296

 
278

Less potash warehousing and handling costs
 
22

 
12

 
17

 
11

   Average potash gross margin per ton
 
$
17

 
$
35

 
$
38

 
$
38


 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Trio®
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average Trio® net realized sales price(1)
 
$
379

 
$
351

 
$
374

 
$
348

Less total Trio® cost of goods sold
 
321

 
283

 
271

 
279

Less Trio® warehousing and handling costs
 
21

 
12

 
16

 
10

   Average Trio® gross margin per ton
 
$
37

 
$
56

 
$
87

 
$
59


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(1) The reconciliations of average potash and Trio® net realized sales price to GAAP sales are set forth above.


ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Part II, Item 7A., "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk," of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, describes our exposure to market risk. There have been no significant changes to our market risk exposure since December 31, 2014.

ITEM 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms. Our disclosure controls and procedures are also designed to ensure that this information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on their evaluation as of September 30, 2015, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, conducted an evaluation of our “internal control over financial reporting,” as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act to determine whether any changes in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2015, that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Based on that evaluation, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2015, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, do not expect that our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Intrepid have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

PART II-OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are subject to claims and legal actions in the ordinary course of business. While there are uncertainties in predicting the outcome of any claim or legal action, we believe that the ultimate resolution of these claims or actions is not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. We maintain liability insurance that will apply to some claims and actions and believe that our coverage is reasonable in view of the insurable legal risks to which our business ordinarily is subject.


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ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
Our future performance is subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties that could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations, and the trading price of our common stock. These risks and uncertainties are described in Part I, "Item 1A: Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. There have been no material changes to these risks and uncertainties.

ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
    
Period
 
(a)
Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)
 
(b)
Average Price Paid Per Share
 
(c)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
 
(d)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan or Programs
July 1, 2015, through July 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
N/A
August 1, 2015, through August 31, 2015
 
505
 
$8.17
 
 
N/A
September 1, 2015, through September 30, 2015
 
570
 
$7.55
 
 
N/A
(1)
Represents shares of common stock delivered to us as payment of withholding taxes due upon the vesting of restricted stock held by our employees.



ITEM 3.
DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.

ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
We are committed to providing a safe and healthy work environment. The objectives of our safety programs are to eliminate workplace accidents and incidents, to preserve employee health, and to comply with safety- and health-based regulations. We seek to achieve these objectives by training employees in safe work practices; establishing, following, and improving safety standards; involving employees in safety processes; openly communicating with employees about safety matters; and recording, reporting, and investigating accidents, incidents, and losses to avoid recurrence. As part of our ongoing safety programs, we collaborate with regulators to identify and implement new accident prevention techniques and practices.
Our East, West and North facilities in New Mexico are subject to regulation by MSHA under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (the “Mine Act”) and the New Mexico Bureau of Mine Safety. MSHA inspects these facilities on a regular basis and issues various citations and orders when it believes a violation has occurred under the Mine Act. Exhibit 95.1 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q provides the information concerning mine safety violations and other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K. Our Utah facilities and our HB solar solution mine are subject to regulation by the Occupational Health and Safety Administration and, therefore, are not required to be included in the information provided in Exhibit 95.1.


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ITEM 5.
OTHER INFORMATION
None.

ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS
The list of exhibits in the Exhibit Index to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
INTREPID POTASH, INC.
(Registrant)
 
 
 
Dated: October 27, 2015
 
/s/ Robert P. Jornayvaz III
 
 
Robert P. Jornayvaz III - Executive Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)
 
 
 
Dated: October 27, 2015
 
/s/ Brian D. Frantz
 
 
Brian D. Frantz - Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)


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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
 
 
10.1
 
Amendment No. 2 to Credit Agreement, dated as of August 28, 2015, by and among, Intrepid Potash, Inc., each of the lenders named therein, and U.S. Bank National Association, as Administrative Agent.

 
 
 
31.1
 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as amended.*
 
 
 
31.2
 
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as amended.*
 
 
 
32.1
 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.**
 
 
 
32.2
 
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.**
 
 
 
95.1
 
Mine Safety Disclosure Exhibit.*
 
 
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document.*
 
 
 
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema.*
 
 
 
101.CAL
 
XBRL Extension Calculation Linkbase.*
 
 
 
101.LAB
 
XBRL Extension Label Linkbase.*
 
 
 
101.PRE
 
XBRL Extension Presentation Linkbase.*
 
 
 
101.DEF
 
XBRL Extension Definition Linkbase.*
*
Filed herewith.
**
Furnished herewith.

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