q10banr63012.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
     
 
 
(Mark One)
 
 
[X]    QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED June 30, 2012.
 
 
OR
 
 
[   ]     TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ______________ to ______________
 
Commission File Number 0-26584
BANNER CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
     
 
 
Washington
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
91-1691604
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
 
 
10 South First Avenue, Walla Walla, Washington 99362
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
 
Registrant's telephone number, including area code:  (509) 527-3636
 
     
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
 
Yes
  [x]
No
 [  ]  
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
 
Yes
  [x]
No
  [  ]  
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer  [  ]
Accelerated filer    [x]
Non-accelerated filer   [  ]
Smaller reporting company  [ ]
 
           
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes
 [ ]
No
  [x]  
 
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
 
Title of class:
Common Stock, $.01 par value per share
 
As of  July 31, 2012
19,223,271 shares*
 
 
*  Includes 34,340 shares held by the Employee Stock Ownership Plan that have not been released, committed to be released, or    allocated to participant accounts.
 

 
 

 

BANNER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1 - Financial Statements.  The Consolidated Financial Statements of Banner Corporation and Subsidiaries filed as a part of the report are as follows:
 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011
4
   
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011
5
   
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011
6
   
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and the Year Ended
December 31, 2011
7
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011
9
   
Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
11
   
Item 2 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
   
Executive Overview
44
   
Comparison of Financial Condition at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011
48
   
Comparison of Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011
49
   
Asset Quality
54
   
Liquidity and Capital Resources
59
   
Capital Requirements
60
   
Item 3 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
 
   
Market Risk and Asset/Liability Management
61
   
Sensitivity Analysis
61
   
Item 4 - Controls and Procedures
65
   
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
 
   
Item 1 - Legal Proceedings
66
   
Item 1A - Risk Factors
66
   
Item 2 - Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
66
   
Item 3 - Defaults upon Senior Securities
66
   
Item 4 – Mine Safety Disclosures
66
   
Item 5 - Other Information
66
   
Item 6 - Exhibits
67
   
SIGNATURES
69

 
2

 

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain matters in this report on Form 10-Q contain certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 concerning our future operations.  These statements relate to our financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance or business.  Forward-looking statements are not statements of historical fact, are based on certain assumptions and are generally identified by use of the words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” “plans,” “targets,” “potentially,” “probably,” “projects,” “outlook” or similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would” and “could.”  Forward-looking statements include statements with respect to our beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, assumptions and statements about future economic performance and projections of financial items.  These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results anticipated or implied by our forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to: the credit risks of lending activities, including changes in the level and trend of loan delinquencies and write-offs and changes in our allowance for loan losses and provision for loan losses that may be impacted by deterioration in the housing and commercial real estate markets and may lead to increased losses and nonperforming assets, and may result in our allowance for loan losses not being adequate to cover actual losses and require us to materially increase our reserves; changes in general economic conditions, either nationally or in our market areas; changes in the levels of general interest rates and the relative differences between short and long-term interest rates, loan and deposit interest rates, our net interest margin and funding sources; fluctuations in the demand for loans, the number of unsold homes, land and other properties and fluctuations in real estate values in our market areas; secondary market conditions for loans and our ability to sell loans in the secondary market; results of examinations of us by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the Federal Reserve Board) and of our bank subsidiaries by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the FDIC), the Washington State Department of Financial Institutions, Division of Banks (the Washington DFI) or other regulatory authorities, including the possibility that any such regulatory authority may, among other things, institute a formal or informal enforcement action against us or any of our bank subsidiaries which could require us to increase our reserve for loan losses, write-down assets, change our regulatory capital position or affect our ability to borrow funds, or maintain or increase deposits, or impose additional requirements and restrictions on us, any of which could adversely affect our liquidity and earnings; legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect our business including changes in regulatory policies and principles, or the interpretation of regulatory capital or other rules; the impact of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the implementing regulations; our ability to attract and retain deposits; further increases in premiums for deposit insurance; our ability to control operating costs and expenses; the use of estimates in determining fair value of certain of our assets and liabilities, which estimates may prove to be incorrect and result in significant changes in valuation; difficulties in reducing risk associated with the loans on our balance sheet; staffing fluctuations in response to product demand or the implementation of corporate strategies that affect our work force and potential associated charges; the failure or security breach of computer systems on which we depend; our ability to retain key members of our senior management team; costs and effects of litigation, including settlements and judgments; our ability to implement our business strategies; our ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems, and management personnel we may acquire into our operations and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings within expected time frames and any goodwill charges related thereto; our ability to manage loan delinquency rates; increased competitive pressures among financial services companies; changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits; the availability of resources to address changes in laws, rules, or regulations or to respond to regulatory actions; our ability to pay dividends on our common and preferred stock and interest or principal payments on our junior subordinated debentures; adverse changes in the securities markets; inability of key third-party providers to perform their obligations to us; changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the financial institution regulatory agencies or the Financial Accounting Standards Board including additional guidance and interpretation on accounting issues and details of the implementation of new accounting methods; the economic impact of war or any terrorist activities; other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting our operations, pricing, products and services; and other risks detailed from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Any forward-looking statements are based upon management’s beliefs and assumptions at the time they are made.  We do not undertake and specifically disclaim any obligation to update any forward-looking statements included in this report or the reasons why actual results could differ from those contained in such statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.  These risks could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements by, or on behalf of, us.  In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking statements discussed in this report might not occur, and you should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements.

As used throughout this report, the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” or the “Company” refer to Banner Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires.

 
3

 

BANNER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(Unaudited) (In thousands, except shares)
June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011

 
June 30
   
December 31
 
ASSETS
 
2012
   
2011
 
             
Cash and due from banks
$
189,176
 
$
132,436
 
             
Securities—trading, amortized cost $106,220 and $112,663, respectively
 
77,368
   
80,727
 
Securities—available-for-sale, amortized cost $433,051 and $462,579, respectively
 
436,130
   
465,795
 
Securities—held-to-maturity, fair value $89,153 and $80,107, respectively
 
83,312
   
75,438
 
             
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
 
37,371
   
37,371
 
Loans receivable:
           
Held for sale
 
6,752
   
3,007
 
Held for portfolio
 
3,205,505
   
3,293,331
 
Allowance for loan losses
 
(80,221
)
 
(82,912
)
   
3,132,036
   
3,213,426
 
             
Accrued interest receivable
 
14,656
   
15,570
 
Real estate owned, held for sale, net
 
25,816
   
42,965
 
Property and equipment, net
 
90,228
   
91,435
 
Intangible assets, net
 
5,252
   
6,331
 
Bank-owned life insurance (BOLI)
 
59,800
   
58,563
 
Deferred tax assets, net
 
31,572
   
--
 
Other assets
 
38,710
   
37,255
 
             
 
$
4,221,427
 
$
4,257,312
 
LIABILITIES
           
Deposits:
           
Non-interest-bearing
$
804,562
 
$
777,563
 
Interest-bearing transaction and savings accounts
 
1,449,890
   
1,447,594
 
Interest-bearing certificates
 
1,171,297
   
1,250,497
 
   
3,425,749
   
3,475,654
 
             
Advances from FHLB at fair value
 
10,423
   
10,533
 
Other borrowings
 
90,030
   
152,128
 
Junior subordinated debentures at fair value (issued in connection with Trust Preferred Securities)
 
70,553
   
49,988
 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
 
23,564
   
23,253
 
Deferred compensation
 
13,916
   
13,306
 
   
3,634,235
   
3,724,862
 
             
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 15)
           
             
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
           
Preferred stock - $0.01 par value, 500,000 shares authorized; Series A – liquidation preference
           
$1,000 per share, 124,000 shares issued and outstanding
 
121,610
   
120,702
 
Common stock and paid in capital - $0.01 par value per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 18,804,819 shares
issued: 18,770,479 shares and 17,519,132  shares outstanding at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011,
respectively
 
554,866
   
531,149
 
Accumulated deficit
 
(89,266
)
 
(119,465
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income
 
1,969
   
2,051
 
Unearned shares of common stock issued to Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) trust at cost
           
34,340 restricted shares outstanding at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011
 
(1,987
)
 
(1,987
)
             
   
587,192
   
532,450
 
             
 
$
4,221,427
 
$
4,257,312
 

See Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 
4

 

BANNER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited) (In thousands except for per share amounts)
For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011

   
Three Months Ended
June 30
   
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
INTEREST INCOME:
                       
Loans receivable
  $ 44,040     $ 46,846     $ 88,028     $ 93,601  
Mortgage-backed securities
    995       859       1,922       1,734  
Securities and cash equivalents
    2,230       2,183       4,513       4,216  
      47,265       49,888       94,463       99,551  
INTEREST EXPENSE:
                               
Deposits
    4,035       7,014       8,483       14,826  
FHLB advances
    64       64       127       242  
Other borrowings
    74       568       623       1,147  
Junior subordinated debentures
    802       1,041       1,814       2,079  
      4,975       8,687       11,047       18,294  
                                 
Net interest income before provision for loan losses
    42,290       41,201       83,416       81,257  
                                 
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES
    4,000       8,000       9,000       25,000  
Net interest income
    38,290       33,201       74,416       56,257  
                                 
OTHER OPERATING INCOME:
                               
Deposit fees and other service charges
    6,283       5,693       12,152       10,972  
Mortgage banking operations
    2,855       855       5,504       1,817  
Loan servicing fees, net of amortization and impairment
    343       397       560       653  
Miscellaneous
    485       369       1,036       862  
      9,966       7,314       19,252       14,304  
                                 
Gain on sale of securities
    29       --       29       --  
Net change in valuation of financial instruments carried at fair value
    (19,059 )     1,939       (17,374 )     2,195  
Total other operating income (loss)
    (9,064 )     9,253       1,907       16,499  
                                 
OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES:
                               
Salary and employee benefits
    19,390       18,288       38,900       35,543  
Less capitalized loan origination costs
    (2,747 )     (1,948 )     (4,997 )     (3,668 )
Occupancy and equipment
    5,204       5,436       10,681       10,830  
Information/computer data services
    1,746       1,521       3,261       3,088  
Payment and card processing expenses
    2,116       1,939       4,006       3,586  
Professional services
    1,224       1,185       2,568       2,857  
Advertising and marketing
    1,650       1,903       3,716       3,643  
Deposit insurance
    816       1,389       2,179       3,358  
State/municipal business and use taxes
    565       544       1,133       1,038  
REO operations
    1,969       6,568       4,567       11,199  
Amortization of core deposit intangibles
    525       570       1,079       1,167  
Miscellaneous
    3,208       2,860       6,486       5,758  
Total other operating expenses
    35,666       40,255       73,579       78,399  
                                 
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes
    (6,440 )     2,199       2,744       (5,643 )
                                 
PROVISION FOR (BENEFIT FROM) INCOME TAXES
    (31,830 )     --       (31,830 )     --  
                                 
NET INCOME (LOSS)
    25,390       2,199       34,574       (5,643 )
                                 
PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDEND AND DISCOUNT ACCRETION
                               
Preferred stock dividend
    1,550       1,550       3,100       3,100  
Preferred stock discount accretion
    454       425       908       851  
NET INCOME (LOSS) AVAILABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS
  $ 23,386     $ 224     $ 30,566     $ (9,594 )
                                 
Earnings (loss) per common share:
                               
Basic
  $ 1.27     $ 0.01     $ 1.69     $ (0.58 )
Diluted
  $ 1.27     $ 0.01     $ 1.69     $ (0.58 )
Cumulative dividends declared per common share:
  $ 0.01     $ 0.01     $ 0.02     $ 0.08  

See Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 
5

 

BANNER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Unaudited) (In thousands)
For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011

   
Three Months Ended
June 30
   
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                         
NET INCOME (LOSS)
  $ 25,390     $ 2,199     $ 34,574     $ (5,643 )
                                 
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF INCOME TAXES:
                               
Unrealized holding gain (loss) during the period, net of deferred
income tax provision (benefit) of ($29), $0, ($49) and $0, respectively
    (52 )     1,970       (87 )     1,289  
                                 
Amortization of unrealized gain (loss) on tax exempt securities transferred
   from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity
    3       4       5       9  
                                 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
    (49 )     1,974       (82 )     1,298  
                                 
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
  $ 25,341     $ 4,173     $ 34,492     $ (4,345 )

See Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
 
 
6

 
 
BANNER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited) (In thousands, except for shares)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012

             
 (Accumulated
 Deficit)
 
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income
 
Stockholders’
Equity
 
                       
 
Preferred Stock
 
Common Stock and Paid in Capital
       
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
       
                                           
Balance, January 1, 2012
 
124,000
 
$
120,702
   
17,519,132
 
$
529,162
 
$
(119,465
)
$
2,051
 
$
532,450
 
                                           
Net income (loss)
                         
34,574
         
34,574
 
                                           
Change in valuation of securities—available-for-
    sale, net of income tax
                               
(87
)
 
(87
)
                                           
Amortization of unrealized loss on tax exempt
    securities transferred from available-for-sale to
    held-to-maturity, net of income tax
                               
5
   
5
 
                                           
Accretion of preferred stock discount
       
908
               
(908
)
       
--
 
                                           
Accrual of dividends on preferred stock
                         
(3,100
)
       
(3,100
)
                                           
Accrual of dividends on common stock ($.02/share
    cumulative)
                         
(367
)
       
(367
)
                                           
Proceeds from issuance of common stock for
    stockholder reinvestment program
             
1,236,812
   
23,610
               
23,610
 
                                           
Amortization of compensation related to restricted
    stock grant
             
14,535
   
100
               
100
 
                                           
Amortization of compensation related to
    stock options
                   
7
               
7
 
                                           
BALANCE, June 30, 2012
 
124,000
 
$
121,610
   
18,770,479
 
$
552,879
 
$
(89,266
)
$
1,969
 
$
587,192
 


See Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements



 
7

 

BANNER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 (Unaudited) (In thousands, except for shares)
For the Year Ended December 31, 2011

             
 (Accumulated
Deficit)
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Income
 
Stockholders’
Equity
 
                       
 
Preferred Stock
 
Common Stock and Paid in Capital
       
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
       
                                           
Balance, January 1, 2011
 
124,000
 
$
119,000
   
16,130,441
 
$
507,470
 
$
(115,348
)
$
350
 
$
511,472
 
                                           
Net income (loss)
                         
5,457
         
5,457
 
                                           
Change in valuation of securities—available-for-
     sale, net of income tax
                               
1,685
   
1,685
 
                                           
Amortization of unrealized loss on tax exempt
     securities transferred from available-for-sale to
     held-to-maturity, net of income tax
                               
16
   
16
 
                                           
Accretion of preferred stock discount
       
1,701
               
(1,701
)
       
--
 
                                           
Accrual of dividends on preferred stock
                         
(6,200
)
       
(6,200
)
                                           
Accrual of dividends on common stock ($.10/share
     cumulative)
                         
(1,673
)
       
(1,673
)
                                           
Proceeds from issuance of common stock for
     stockholder reinvestment program
             
1,372,625
   
21,556
               
21,556
 
                                           
Amortization of compensation related to restricted
     stock grant
             
16,066
   
111
               
111
 
                                           
Amortization of compensation related to
     stock options
                   
25
               
25
 
                                           
Other
       
1
                           
1
 
                                           
BALANCE, December 31, 2011
 
124,000
 
$
120,702
   
17,519,132
 
$
529,162
 
$
(119,465
)
$
2,051
 
$
532,450
 


See Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements




 
8

 


BANNER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited) (In thousands)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011

   
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
           
Net income (loss)
  $ 34,574     $ (5,643 )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by
operating activities:
               
Depreciation
    2,384       4,358  
Deferred income and expense, net of amortization
    1,273       860  
Amortization of core deposit intangibles
    1,079       1,167  
Net change in valuation of financial instruments carried at fair value
    17,374       (2,195 )
Principal repayments and maturities of securities—trading
    6,520       7,600  
Deferred taxes
    (31,572 )     --  
Equity-based compensation
    107       60  
Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance
    (917 )     (925 )
Gain on sale of loans, excluding capitalized servicing rights
    (3,651 )     (1,164 )
(Gain) loss on disposal of real estate held for sale and property
and equipment
    (688 )     521  
Provision for losses on loans and real estate held for sale
    12,197       32,838  
Origination of loans held for sale
    (243,516 )     (114,706 )
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale
    243,422       116,291  
Net change in:
               
Other assets
    127       16,368  
Other liabilities
    855       (827 )
Net cash provided from operating activities
    39,568       54,603  
                 
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
               
Purchases of available-for-sale securities
    (186,650 )     (174,739 )
Principal repayments and maturities of available-for-sale securities
    202,693       88,031  
Proceeds from sales of securities available-for-sale
    11,751       --  
Purchases of securities held-to-maturity
    (10,224 )     (7,488 )
Principal repayments and maturities of securities held-to-maturity
    2,287       2,964  
Principal repayments of loans, net of originations
    72,176       39,025  
Purchases of loans and participating interest in loans
    (4,735 )     (97 )
Purchases of property and equipment
    (1,184 )     (1,413 )
Proceeds from sale of real estate held for sale, net
    23,229       48,264  
Other
    (320 )     (106 )
Net cash provided from (used by) investing activities
    109,023       (5,559 )
                 
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Decrease in deposits, net
    (49,905 )     (124,798 )
Repayment of FHLB advances
    (3 )     (32,802 )
Decrease in other borrowings, net
    (62,098 )     (39,528 )
Cash dividends paid
    (3,456 )     (5,389 )
Cash proceeds from issuance of stock for stockholder reinvestment plan
    23,611       8,265  
Net cash used by financing activities
    (91,851 )     (194,252 )
                 
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND DUE FROM BANKS
    56,740       (145,208 )
                 
CASH AND DUE FROM BANKS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD
    132,436       361,652  
CASH AND DUE FROM BANKS, END OF PERIOD
  $ 189,176     $ 216,444  

(Continued on next page)

 
9

 

BANNER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (continued)
(Unaudited) (In thousands)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011

   
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
             
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
           
Interest paid in cash
  $ 11,799     $ 19,575  
Taxes received in cash
    --       (13,058 )
  Taxes paid in cash
    800       --  
                 
NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING TRANSACTIONS:
               
Loans, net of discounts, specific loss allowances and unearned income,
transferred to real estate owned and other repossessed assets
    8,521       26,917  

See Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 
10

 

BANNER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECTED NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1:  BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Banner Corporation (the Company or Banner), a bank holding company incorporated in the State of Washington and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Banner Bank and Islanders Bank (the Banks).

These unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).  In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented have been included.  Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.  Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2011 Consolidated Financial Statements and/or schedules to conform to the 2012 presentation.  These reclassifications may have affected certain ratios for the prior periods. The effect of these reclassifications is considered immaterial.  All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements.  Various elements of the Company’s accounting policies, by their nature, are inherently subject to estimation techniques, valuation assumptions and other subjective assessments.  In particular, management has identified several accounting policies that, due to the judgments, estimates and assumptions inherent in those policies, are critical to an understanding of Banner’s financial statements.  These policies relate to (i) the methodology for the recognition of interest income, (ii) determination of the provision and allowance for loan and lease losses, (iii) the valuation of financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value, including other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses, (iv) the valuation of intangibles, such as core deposit intangibles and mortgage servicing rights, (v) the valuation of real estate held for sale and (vi) the valuation of or recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities.  These policies and judgments, estimates and assumptions are described in greater detail in subsequent notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Critical Accounting Policies) in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).  Management believes that the judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the financial statements are appropriate based on the factual circumstances at the time.  However, given the sensitivity of the financial statements to these critical accounting policies, the use of other judgments, estimates and assumptions could result in material differences in the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.  Further, subsequent changes in economic or market conditions could have a material impact on these estimates and the Company’s financial condition and operating results in future periods.

The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed with the SEC (2011 Form 10-K).  Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

Note 2:  RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND SIGNIFICANT EVENTS

Regulatory Actions:  On March 19, 2012, the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) by and between Banner Bank and the FDIC and Washington State Department of Financial Institutions, Division of Banks (originally effective March 29, 2010) was terminated.  On April 10, 2012, a similar MOU by and between the Company and the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (originally effective March 23, 2010) was also terminated.

Income Tax Reporting and Accounting:

Amended Federal Income Tax Returns:  On October 25, 2011, the Company filed amended federal income tax returns for tax years 2005, 2006, 2008 and 2009.  The amended tax returns, which are under review by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), could significantly affect the timing for recognition of credit losses within previously filed income tax returns and, if approved, would result in the refund of up to $13.6 million of previously paid taxes from the utilization of net operating loss carryback claims into prior tax years.  The outcome of the IRS review is inherently uncertain, and since there can be no assurance of approval of some or all of the tax carryback claims, no asset has been recognized to reflect the possible results of these amendments as of June 30, 2012, because of this uncertainty.  Accordingly, the Company does not anticipate recognizing any tax benefit until the results of the IRS review have been determined.

Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance:  The Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries file consolidated U.S. federal income tax returns, as well as state income tax returns in Oregon and Idaho.  Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method.  Under this method a deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the enacted tax rates which are expected to be in effect when the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax basis of existing assets and liabilities are expected to be reported in the Company’s income tax returns.  The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.  Under GAAP, a valuation allowance is required to be recognized if it is “more likely than not” that all or a portion of Banner’s deferred tax assets will not be realized.  During the quarter ended September 30, 2010, the Company evaluated its net deferred tax asset and determined it was prudent to establish a full valuation allowance against the net asset.  At each subsequent quarter-end, the Company has re-analyzed that position and the Company continued to maintain a full valuation allowance through March 31, 2012.  During the quarter ended June 30, 2012, management analyzed the Company’s performance and trends over the previous five quarters, focusing strongly on trends in asset quality, loan loss provisioning, capital position, net interest margin, core operating income and net income.  Based on this analysis, management determined that a full valuation allowance was no longer appropriate and reversed nearly all of the valuation allowance.  The Company anticipates utilizing the remaining $7.0 million in valuation allowance to offset its projected tax expense in the third and fourth quarters of 2012.  The ultimate utilization of the remaining valuation allowance and realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the existence, or generation, of taxable income in the periods when those temporary differences and net operating loss and credit carryforwards are deductible.  Management considers
 
 
 
 
11

 
 
the scheduled reversal of deferred tax assets and liabilities, taxes paid in carryback years, projected future taxable income, available tax planning strategies, and other factors in making its assessment to reverse the deferred tax valuation allowance.  As a result, the valuation allowance decreased to $7.0 million at June 30, 2012 from $38.2 million at December 31, 2011.  See Note 12 of the Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Stockholder Equity Transactions:
 
Restricted Stock Grants:  On April 24, 2012, shareholders approved the Banner Corporation 2012 Restricted Stock Plan (the Plan).  Under the Plan, the Company was authorized to issue up to 300,000 shares of its common stock to provide a means for attracting and retaining highly skilled officers of Banner and its affiliates.  Shares granted under the Plan have a minimum vesting period of three years.  The Plan shall continue in effect for a term of ten years, after which no further awards may be granted.  Concurrent with the approval of the Plan was the approval of a grant of $300,000 of restricted stock to Mark J. Grescovich, President and Chief Executive Officer of Banner Corporation and Banner Bank.  In June 2012, the Board of Directors approved grants of 76,500 restricted shares to certain other officers of the Company, to be effective July 2, 2012, that will vest in one-third increments over a three-year period.
 
Participation in the U.S. Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program:  On March 29, 2012, the Company’s $124 million of senior preferred stock, originally issued to the U.S. Treasury as part of its Capital Purchase Program, was sold by the Treasury as part of its efforts to manage and recover its investments under the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP).  While the sale of these preferred shares to new owners did not result in any proceeds to the Company and does not change the Company’s capital position or accounting for these securities, it does eliminate restrictions put in place by the Treasury on TARP recipients.  The Treasury retained its related warrants to purchase up to $18.6 million in common stock.

Note 3:  ACCOUNTING STANDARDS RECENTLY ADOPTED

In April 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2011-03, Reconsideration of Effective Control for Repurchase Agreements.  This guidance was effective for the first interim or annual period beginning on or after December 15, 2011.  The guidance was applied prospectively to transactions or modifications of existing transactions that occur on or after the effective date.  The amendments remove the transferor’s ability criterion from the consideration of effective control for repurchase and other agreements that both entitle and obligate the transferor to repurchase or redeem financial assets before their maturity.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In May 2011, FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement - Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs.  ASU 2011-04 amends Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, to converge the fair value measurement guidance in U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and International Financial Reporting Standards. ASU 2011-04 clarifies the application of existing fair value measurement requirements, changes certain principles in Topic 820 and requires additional fair value disclosures.  ASU 2011-04 became effective for the first interim or annual period beginning on or after December 15, 2011 and did not have a significant impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In June 2011, FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income.  The amendments in this ASU were effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2011 and were to be applied retrospectively.  The FASB decided to eliminate the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity.  The amendments require that all non-owner changes in stockholders’ equity be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements.  Additionally, the amendments require the consecutive presentation of the statement of net income and other comprehensive income and require the presentation of reclassification adjustments on the face of the financial statements from other comprehensive income to net income.  See also ASU No. 2011-12.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In December 2011, FASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in ASU No. 2011-05.  This ASU was made to allow FASB time to redeliberate whether to present on the face of the financial statements the effects of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the components of net income and other comprehensive income for all periods presented.  While FASB is considering the operational concerns about the presentation requirements for reclassification adjustments, and the needs of financial statement users for additional information about reclassification adjustments, entities should continue to report reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive income consistent with the presentation requirements in effect before ASU 2011-05.  The amendments in this ASU were effective at the same time as the amendments in ASU 2011-05 so that entities will not be required to comply with the presentation requirements effective at the same time as the amendments in ASU 2011-05 that this ASU is deferring.  The amendments in this ASU were effective for public entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
12

 
Note 4:  BUSINESS SEGMENTS

The Company is managed by legal entity and not by lines of business.  Each of the Banks is a community oriented commercial bank chartered in the State of Washington.  The Banks’ primary business is that of a traditional banking institution, gathering deposits and originating loans for portfolio in its respective primary market areas.  The Banks offer a wide variety of deposit products to their consumer and commercial customers.  Lending activities include the origination of real estate, commercial/agriculture business and consumer loans.  Banner Bank is also an active participant in the secondary market, originating residential loans for sale on both a servicing released and servicing retained basis.  In addition to interest income on loans and investment securities, the Banks receive other income from deposit service charges, loan servicing fees and from the sale of loans and investments.  The performance of the Banks is reviewed by the Company’s executive management and Board of Directors on a monthly basis.  All of the executive officers of the Company are members of Banner Bank’s management team.

Generally accepted accounting principles establish standards to report information about operating segments in annual financial statements and require reporting of selected information about operating segments in interim reports to stockholders.  The Company has determined that its current business and operations consist of a single business segment.

Note 5:  INTEREST-BEARING DEPOSITS AND SECURITIES

The following table sets forth additional detail regarding our interest-bearing deposits and securities at the dates indicated (includes securities—trading, available-for-sale and held-to-maturity, all at carrying value) (in thousands):

   
June 30
2012
   
December 31
2011
   
June 30
2011
 
                   
Interest-bearing deposits included in cash and due from banks
  $ 132,536     $ 69,758     $ 168,198  
                         
U.S. Government and agency obligations
    229,669       341,606       216,761  
                         
Municipal bonds:
                       
Taxable
    19,225       18,497       14,486  
Tax exempt
    102,139       88,963       83,315  
Total municipal bonds
    121,364       107,460       97,801  
                         
Corporate bonds
    42,923       42,565       59,788  
                         
Mortgage-backed or related securities:
                       
Ginnie Mae (GNMA)
    16,736       19,572       21,818  
Freddie Mac (FHLMC)
    62,782       42,001       25,941  
Fannie Mae (FNMA)
    88,610       66,519       27,362  
Private issuer
    1,780       1,835       3,108  
Total mortgage-backed or related securities
    169,908       129,927       78,229  
                         
Asset-backed securities:
                       
        Student Loan Marketing Association (SLMA)
    32,492       --       --  
                         
Equity securities (excludes FHLB stock)
    454       402       646  
                         
Total securities
    596,810       621,960       453,225  
                         
FHLB stock
    37,371       37,371       37,371  
                         
    $ 766,717     $ 729,089     $ 658,794  


 
13

 

Securities—Trading:  The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities—trading at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):

   
June 30, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Fair Value
   
Percent of
Total
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Fair Value
   
Percent of
Total
 
                                     
U.S. Government and agency obligations
  $ 1,400     $ 1,645       2.1 %   $ 2,401     $ 2,635       3.3 %
                                                 
Municipal bonds:
                                               
Taxable
    85       92       0.1       391       420       0.5  
Tax exempt
    5,437       5,509       7.1       5,431       5,542       6.9  
Total municipal bonds
    5,522       5,601       7.2       5,822       5,962       7.4  
                                                 
Corporate bonds
    62,948       37,605       48.6       63,502       35,055       43.4  
                                                 
Mortgage-backed or related securities:
                                               
FHLMC
    8,509       9,132       11.8       10,535       11,246       13.9  
FNMA
    20,927       22,931       29.7       23,489       25,427       31.5  
Total mortgage-backed or
related securities
    29,436       32,063       41.5       34,024       36,673       45.4  
                                                 
Equity securities
    6,914       454       0.6       6,914       402       0.5  
                                                 
    $ 106,220     $ 77,368       100.0 %   $ 112,663     $ 80,727       100.0 %

There were no sales of securities—trading during the six months ended June 30, 2012 or 2011.  The Company did not recognize any OTTI charges on securities—trading during the six months ended June 30, 2012 or 2011.  At June 30, 2012, there were no securities—trading in a nonaccrual status.  At June 30, 2011, there was one single-issuer trust preferred security that was on nonaccrual; however, subsequently, deferred and current payments have been received, removing the security from nonaccrual status.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities—trading at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, by contractual maturity, are shown below (in thousands).  Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because some securities may be called or prepaid with or without call or prepayment penalties.

   
June 30, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Amortized Cost
   
Fair Value
   
Amortized Cost
   
Fair Value
 
                         
Due in one year or less
  $ --     $ --     $ 1,000     $ 1,009  
Due after one year through five years
    1,544       1,619       1,545       1,626  
Due after five years through ten years
    4,093       4,091       4,087       4,123  
Due after ten years through twenty years
    6,717       6,728       6,544       6,184  
Due after twenty years
    57,516       32,413       58,549       30,710  
                                 
      69,870       44,851       71,725       43,652  
                                 
Mortgage-backed securities
    29,436       32,063       34,024       36,673  
Equity securities
    6,914       454       6,914       402  
                                 
    $ 106,220     $ 77,368     $ 112,663     $ 80,727  


 
14

 

Securities—Available-for-Sale:  The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities—available-for-sale at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):

 
June 30, 2012
 
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair
Value
   
Percent of
Total
 
                               
U.S. Government and agency obligations
  $ 227,344     $ 700     $ (20 )   $ 228,024       52.3 %
                                         
Municipal bonds:
                                       
Taxable
    12,587       257       (2 )     12,842       2.9  
Tax exempt
    20,646       225       (11 )     20,860       4.8  
Total municipal bonds
    33,233       482       (13 )     33,702       7.7  
                                         
Corporate bonds
    4,032       36       --       4,068       0.9  
                                         
Mortgage-backed or related securities:
                                       
FHLMC
    53,656       169       (175 )     53,650       12.3  
FNMA
    64,986       748       (56 )     65,678       15.1  
GNMA
    15,476       1,260       --       16,736       3.8  
Other
    1,672       108       --       1,780       0.4  
Total mortgage-backed or related
securities
    135,790       2,285       (231 )     137,844       31.6  
                                         
Asset-backed securities:
                                       
         SLMA
    32,652       --       (160 )     32,492       7.5  
                                         
    $ 433,051     $ 3,503     $ (424 )   $ 436,130       100.0 %
                                         
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair
Value
   
Percent of
Total
 
                                         
U.S. Government and agency obligations
  $ 338,165     $ 862     $ (56 )   $ 338,971       72.8 %
                                         
Municipal bonds:
                                       
Taxable
    10,358       225       (2 )     10,581       2.3  
Tax exempt
    16,535       210       (16 )     16,729       3.6  
Total municipal bonds
    26,893       435       (18 )     27,310       5.9  
                                         
Corporate bonds
    6,240       20       --       6,260       1.3  
                                         
Mortgage-backed or related securities:
                                       
FHLMC
    30,504       284       (33 )     30,755       6.6  
FNMA
    40,897       310       (115 )     41,092       8.8  
GNMA
    18,145       1,427       --       19,572       4.2  
Other
    1,735       100       --       1,835       0.4  
Total mortgage-backed or related
securities
    91,281       2,121       (148 )     93,254       20.0  
                                         
                                         
    $ 462,579     $ 3,438     $ (222 )   $ 465,795       100.0 %

 
15

 

At June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, an aging of unrealized losses and fair value of related securities—available-for-sale was as follows (in thousands):

 
June 30, 2012
 
 
Less Than 12 Months
 
12 Months or More
 
Total
 
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
                                     
U.S. Government and agency obligations
  $ 32,016     $ (20 )   $ --     $ --     $ 32,016     $ (20 )
                                                 
Municipal bonds:
                                               
Taxable
    5,873       (2 )     --       --       5,873       (2 )
Tax exempt
    3,083       (11 )     --       --       3,083       (11 )
Total municipal bonds
    8,956       (13 )     --       --       8,956       (13 )
                                                 
Mortgage-backed or related securities:
                                               
FNMA
    18,113       (56 )     --       --       18,113       (56 )
FHLMC
    32,676       (175 )     --       --       32,676       (175 )
Total mortgage-backed or related
securities
    50,789       (231 )     --       --       50,789       (231 )
                                                 
Asset-backed securities:
                                               
          SLMA
    32,492       (160 )     --       --       32,492       (160 )
                                                 
    $ 124,253     $ (424 )   $ --     $ --     $ 124,253     $ (424 )
     
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Less Than 12 Months
 
12 Months or More
 
Total
 
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
 Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
                                                 
U.S. Government and agency obligations
  $ 74,326     $ (56 )   $ --     $ --     $ 74,326     $ (56 )
                                                 
Municipal bonds:
                                               
Taxable
    3,599       (2 )     --       --       3,599       (2 )
Tax exempt
    4,075       (16 )     --       --       4,075       (16 )
Total municipal bonds
    7,674       (18 )     --       --       7,674       (18 )
                                                 
Mortgage-backed or related securities:
                                               
FNMA
    27,332       (115 )     --       --       27,332       (115 )
FHLMC
    6,556       (33 )     --       --       6,556       (33 )
Total mortgage-backed or related
securities
    33,888       (148 )     --       --       33,888       (148 )
                                                 
                                                 
    $ 115,888     $ (222 )   $ --     $ --     $ 115,888     $ (222 )

There were two sales of securities—available-for-sale totaling $12 million with a resulting gain of $29,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2012.  There were no sales of securities—available-for-sale during the six months ended June 30, 2011.  At June 30, 2012 there were 28 securities—available for sale with unrealized losses, compared to 26 securities at December 31, 2011.  Management does not believe that any individual unrealized loss as of June 30, 2012 represents OTTI.  The decline in fair market values of these securities was generally due to changes in interest rates and changes in market-desired spreads subsequent to their purchase.






 
16

 
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities—available-for-sale at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, by contractual maturity, are shown below (in thousands).  Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because some securities may be called or prepaid with or without call or prepayment penalties.
   
June 30, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Amortized Cost
   
Fair Value
   
Amortized Cost
   
Fair Value
 
                         
Due in one year or less
  $ 30,087     $ 30,158     $ 19,520     $ 19,602  
Due after one year through five years
    208,232       209,261       312,862       313,930  
Due after five years through ten years
    37,705       37,720       38,916       39,009  
Due after ten years through twenty years
    21,237       21,147       --       --  
Due after twenty years
    --       --       --       --  
      297,261       298,286       371,298       372,541  
                                 
Mortgage-backed securities
    135,790       137,844       91,281       93,254  
    $ 433,051     $ 436,130     $ 462,579     $ 465,795  

Securities—Held-to-Maturity:  The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities—held-to-maturity at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):

   
June 30, 2012
 
   
Amortized Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair Value
   
Percent of
Total
 
Municipal bonds:
                             
Taxable
  $ 6,292     $ 441     $ --     $ 6,733       7.6 %
Tax exempt
    75,770       5,439       (39 )     81,170       91.0  
Total municipal bonds
    82,062       5,880       (39 )     87,903       98.6  
                                         
Corporate bonds
    1,250       --       --       1,250       1.4  
    $ 83,312     $ 5,880     $ (39 )   $ 89,153       100.0 %
       
   
December 31, 2011
 
           
Gross
   
Gross
                 
   
Amortized
   
Unrealized
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Percent
 
   
Cost
   
Gains
   
Losses
   
Value
   
of Total
 
Municipal bonds:
                                       
Taxable
  $ 7,496     $ 390     $ --     $ 7,886       9.8 %
Tax exempt
    66,692       4,281       --       70,973       88.6  
Total municipal bonds
    74,188       4,671       --       78,859       98.4  
                                         
Corporate bonds
    1,250       --       (2 )     1,248       1.6  
    $ 75,438     $ 4,671     $ (2 )   $ 80,107       100.0 %

At June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, an age analysis of unrealized losses and fair value of related securities—held-to-maturity was as follows (in thousands):

 
June 30, 2012
 
 
Less Than 12 Months
 
12 Months or More
 
Total
 
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Municipal bonds:
                                   
Taxable
$
--
 
$
--
 
$
--
 
$
--
 
$
--
 
$
--
 
Tax exempt
6,195
 
(39
)
--
 
--
 
6,195
 
(39
)
Total municipal bonds
6,195
 
(39
)
--
 
--
 
6,195
 
(39
)
                         
Corporate bonds
--
 
--
 
--
 
--
 
--
 
--
 
 
$
6,195
 
$
(39
)
$
--
 
$
--
 
$
6,195
 
$
(39
)
     
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Less Than 12 Months
 
12 Months or More
 
Total
 
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
                         
Corporate bonds
$
--
 
$
---
 
$
498
 
$
(2
)
$
498
 
$
(2
)
 
$
--
 
$
---
 
$
498
 
$
(2
)
$
498
 
$
(2
)
 
 
17

 
 
There were no sales of securities—held-to-maturity during the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011.  The Company did not recognize any OTTI charge on securities—held-to-maturity during the six months ended June 30, 2012 or 2011.  As of June 30, 2012, there were no securities—held-to-maturity in a nonaccrual status.  There are six securities—held-to-maturity with unrealized losses at June 30, 2012, compared to two at December 31, 2011.  Management does not believe that any individual unrealized loss as of June 30, 2012 represents OTTI.  The decline in fair market value of these securities was generally due to changes in interest rates and changes in market-desired spreads subsequent to their purchase.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities—held-to-maturity at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, by contractual maturity, are shown below (in thousands).  Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because some securities may be called or prepaid with or without call or prepayment penalties.

   
June 30, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Amortized Cost
   
Fair Value
   
Amortized Cost
   
Fair Value
 
                         
Due in one year or less
  $ 1,378     $ 1,395     $ 2,707     $ 2,768  
Due after one year through five years
    15,366       16,118       14,420       15,150  
Due after five years through ten years
    12,049       12,555       9,726       10,254  
Due after ten years through twenty years
    48,507       52,935       46,741       49,936  
Due after twenty years
    6,012       6,150       1,844       1,999  
                                 
    $ 83,312     $ 89,153     $ 75,438     $ 80,107  

Pledged Securities: The following table presents, as of June 30, 2012, investment securities which were pledged to secure borrowings, public deposits or other obligations as permitted or required by law (in thousands):

   
Amortized Cost
   
Fair Value
 
Purpose or beneficiary:
           
State and local governments public deposits
  $ 99,188     $ 105,703  
Interest rate swap counterparties
    10,153       10,275  
Retail repurchase transaction accounts
    105,347       108,261  
Other
    6,142       6,310  
                 
Total pledged securities
  $ 220,830     $ 230,549  

Note 6:  FHLB STOCK

The Banks’ investments in Federal Home Loan Bank of Seattle stock are carried at par value ($100 per share), which reasonably approximates its fair value.  As members of the FHLB system, the Banks are required to maintain a minimum level of investment in FHLB stock based on specific percentages of their outstanding FHLB advances.  For the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, the Banks did not receive any dividend income on FHLB stock.  The Seattle FHLB announced that it had a risk-based capital deficiency under the regulations of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (the FHFA), its primary regulator, as of December 31, 2008, and that it would suspend future dividends and the repurchase and redemption of outstanding common stock. At June 30, 2012, the Company had recorded $37.4 million in FHLB stock, unchanged from December 31, 2011.  This stock is generally viewed as a long-term investment and is carried at par.  It does not have a readily determinable fair value.  Ownership of FHLB stock is restricted to the FHLB and member institutions and can only be purchased and redeemed at par.

Management periodically evaluates FHLB stock for impairment.  Management’s determination of whether these investments are impaired is based on its assessment of the ultimate recoverability of cost rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value.  The determination of whether a decline affects the ultimate recoverability of cost is influenced by criteria such as (1) the significance of any decline in net assets of the FHLB as compared to the capital stock amount for the FHLB and the length of time this situation has persisted, (2) commitments by the FHLB to make payments required by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to the operating performance of the FHLB, (3) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on institutions and, accordingly, the customer base of the FHLB, and (4) the liquidity position of the FHLB.  The FHLB has communicated that it believes the calculation of risk-based capital under the current rules of the FHFA significantly overstates the market risk of the FHLB's private-label mortgage-backed securities in the current market environment and that it has enough capital to cover the risks reflected in its balance sheet.  As a result, as of June 30, 2012, the Company has not recorded an impairment on its investment in FHLB stock.  However, continued deterioration in the FHLB's financial position may result in impairment in the value of those securities.  In addition, on October 25, 2010, the FHLB received a Consent Order from the FHFA.  The FHLB of Seattle reported in its earnings release for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 that it continues to address the requirements of the Consent Agreement and that as of March 31, 2012, it met all minimum financial metrics required under the Consent Agreement.  The Company will continue to monitor the financial condition of the FHLB as it relates to, among other things, the recoverability of Banner’s investment.

Note 7:  LOANS RECEIVABLE AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

We originate residential mortgage loans for both portfolio investment and sale in the secondary market.  At the time of origination, mortgage loans are designated as held for sale or held for investment.  Loans held for sale are stated at the lower of cost or estimated market value determined on an aggregate basis.  Net unrealized losses on loans held for sale are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income.  The Banks also originate construction, land and land development, commercial and multifamily real estate, commercial business, agricultural business and consumer loans for portfolio investment.  Loans receivable not designated as held for sale are recorded at the principal amount outstanding, net of allowance for loan losses, deferred fees, discounts and premiums.  Premiums, discounts and deferred loan fees are amortized to maturity using the level-yield methodology.
 
 
 
18

 
 
 
Interest is accrued as earned unless management doubts the collectability of the loan or the unpaid interest.  Interest accruals are generally discontinued when loans become 90 days past due for scheduled interest payments.  All previously accrued but uncollected interest is deducted from interest income upon transfer to nonaccrual status.  Future collection of interest is included in interest income based upon an assessment of the likelihood that the loans will be repaid or recovered.  A loan may be put on nonaccrual status sooner than this policy would dictate if, in management’s judgment, the loan may be uncollectable.  Such interest is then recognized as income only if it is ultimately collected.

Some of the Company’s loans are reported as troubled debt restructurings (TDRs).  Loans are reported as restructured when the bank grants a concession(s) to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties that it would not otherwise consider.  Examples of such concessions include forgiveness of principal or accrued interest, extending the maturity date(s) or providing a lower interest rate than would be normally available for a transaction of similar risk.  As a result of these concessions, restructured loans are impaired as the bank will not collect all amounts due, both principal and interest, in accordance with the terms of the original loan agreement.  Loans identified as TDRs are accounted for in accordance with the Banks’ impaired loan accounting policies.

Loans receivable, including loans held for sale, at June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2011 are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):

   
June 30, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
   
June 30, 2011
 
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Total
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Total
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Total
 
                                     
Commercial real estate
                                   
Owner-occupied
  $ 477,621       14.9 %   $ 469,806       14.2 %   $ 507,751       15.3 %
Investment properties
    613,965       19.1       621,622       18.9       582,569       17.6  
Multifamily real estate
    130,319       4.1       139,710       4.2       147,951       4.5  
Commercial construction
    23,808       0.7       42,391       1.3       35,790       1.1  
Multifamily construction
    18,132       0.6       19,436       0.6       20,552       0.6  
One- to four-family construction
    157,301       4.8       144,177       4.4       140,669       4.4  
Land and land development
                                               
Residential
    83,185       2.6       97,491       3.0       128,920       3.9  
Commercial
    11,451       0.4       15,197       0.5       29,347       0.9  
Commercial business
    600,046       18.7       601,440       18.2       566,243       17.1  
Agricultural business, including secured
by farmland
    211,705       6.6       218,171       6.6       208,485       6.3  
One- to four-family real estate
    607,489       18.9       642,501       19.5       658,216       19.9  
                                                 
Consumer
    103,504       3.2       103,347       3.1       97,396       2.9  
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
    173,731       5.4       181,049       5.5       182,778       5.5  
Total consumer
    277,235       8.6       284,396       8.6       280,174       8.4  
                                                 
Total loans outstanding
    3,212,257       100.0 %     3,296,338       100.0 %     3,306,667       100.0 %
                                                 
Less allowance for loan losses
    (80,221 )             (82,912 )             (92,000 )        
                                                 
Net loans
  $ 3,132,036             $ 3,213,426             $ 3,214,667          

Loan amounts are net of unearned, unamortized loan fees (and costs) of approximately $10 million, as of June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2011.


 
19

 
The Company’s loans by geographic concentration at June 30, 2012 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

   
Washington
   
Oregon
   
Idaho
   
Other
   
Total
 
Commercial real estate
                             
Owner-occupied
  $ 367,377     $ 50,164     $ 57,022     $ 3,058     $ 477,621  
Investment properties
    469,363       94,893       42,657       7,052       613,965  
Multifamily real estate
    110,342       12,889       6,738       350       130,319  
Commercial construction
    15,767       5,415       2,626       --       23,808  
Multifamily construction
    16,930       1,202       --       --       18,132  
One- to four-family construction
    86,186       69,101       2,014       --       157,301  
Land and land development
                                       
Residential
    40,903       40,184       2,098       --       83,185  
Commercial
    8,770       885       1,796       --       11,451  
Commercial business
    383,040       75,556       60,592       80,858       600,046  
Agricultural business, including
secured by farmland
    110,608       38,650       62,447       --       211,705  
One- to four-family real estate
    371,458       208,490       25,360       2,181       607,489  
                                         
Consumer
    69,701       28,566       5,236       1       103,504  
Consumer secured by one- to four-
   family
    117,685       43,867       11,645       534       173,731  
Total consumer
    187,386       72,433       16,881       535       277,235  
                                         
Total loans
  $ 2,168,130     $ 669,862     $ 280,231     $ 94,034     $ 3,212,257  
                                         
Percent of total loans
    67.5 %     20.9 %     8.7 %     2.9 %     100.0 %

The geographic concentrations of the Company’s land and land development loans by state at June 30, 2012 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

   
Washington
   
Oregon
   
Idaho
   
Total
 
Residential:
                       
Acquisition and development
  $ 7,071     $ 15,975     $ 1,738     $ 24,784  
Improved land and lots
    21,980       21,542       279       43,801  
Unimproved land
    11,852       2,667       81       14,600  
                                 
Commercial and industrial:
                               
Acquisition and development
    1,464       --       481       1,945  
Improved land and lots
    3,269       --       570       3,839  
Unimproved land
    4,037       885       745       5,667  
                                 
Total land and land development loans
  $ 49,673     $ 41,069     $ 3,894     $ 94,636  
                                 
Percent of land and land development loans
    52.5 %     43.4 %     4.1 %     100.0 %

The Company originates both adjustable- and fixed-rate loans.  The maturity and repricing composition of those loans, less undisbursed amounts and deferred fees, at June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2011 were as follows (in thousands):

   
June 30, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
   
June 30, 2011
 
Fixed-rate (term to maturity):
                 
Due in one year or less
  $ 233,525     $ 216,782     $ 191,252  
Due after one year through three years
    223,624       250,715       245,203  
Due after three years through five years
    161,094       182,647       189,938  
Due after five years through ten years
    155,490       157,559       143,647  
Due after ten years
    474,366       502,196       512,639  
                         
Total fixed-rate loans
    1,248,099       1,309,899       1,282,679  
                         
Adjustable-rate (term to rate adjustment):
                       
Due in one year or less
    1,193,230       1,200,182       1,221,511  
Due after one year through three years
    322,336       425,309       435,987  
Due after three years through five years
    408,015       336,382       331,136  
Due after five years through ten years
    38,782       23,618       35,354  
Due after ten years
    1,795       948       --  
                         
Total adjustable-rate loans
    1,964,158       1,986,439       2,023,988  
                         
Total loans
  $ 3,212,257     $ 3,296,338     $ 3,306,667  


 
20

 
The adjustable-rate loans have interest rate adjustment limitations and are generally indexed to various prime (The Wall Street Journal) or LIBOR rates, One to Five Year Constant Maturity Treasury Indices or FHLB advance rates.  Future market factors may affect the correlation of the interest rate adjustment with the rates the Banks pay on the short-term deposits that primarily have been utilized to fund these loans.

Impaired Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses.  A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and circumstances, the Company determines it is probable that it will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments.  Impaired loans are comprised of loans on nonaccrual, TDRs that are performing under their restructured terms, and loans that are 90 days or more past due, but are still on accrual.

The amount of impaired loans and the related allocated reserve for loan losses as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were as follows (in thousands):

   
June 30, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Loan Amount
   
Allocated Reserves
   
Loan Amount
   
Allocated
Reserves
 
Impaired loans:
                       
Nonaccrual loans
                       
Commercial real estate
                       
     Owner-occupied
  $ 3,557     $ 124     $ 4,306     $ 281  
     Investment properties
    4,023       176       4,920       626  
Multifamily real estate
    --       --       362       11  
Commercial construction
    --       --       949       --  
One- to four-family construction
    3,805       1,859       6,622       1,921  
Land and land development
                               
     Residential
    4,751       709       19,060       1,485  
     Commercial
    383       19       1,100       45  
Commercial business
    8,600       640       13,460       1,871  
Agricultural business/farmland
    1,010       103       1,896       629  
One- to four-family residential
    16,170       723       17,408       243  
                                 
Consumer
    1,025       4       1,115       62  
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
    1,857       21       1,790       23  
                                 
          Total consumer
    2,882       25       2,905       85  
                                 
Total nonaccrual loans
  $ 45,181     $ 4,378     $ 72,988     $ 7,197  
                                 
Past due and still accruing
    2,181       1       2,324       19  
TDRs
    58,010       5,983       54,533       3,100  
                                 
Total impaired loans
  $ 105,372     $ 10,362     $ 129,845     $ 10,316  

As of June 30, 2012, the Company had additional commitments to advance funds up to an amount of $510,000 related to TDR loans.


 
21

 
The following tables provide additional information on impaired loans with and without specific allowance reserves as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (in thousands):

   
At or For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012
 
   
Recorded
Investment
   
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   
Related
Allowance
   
Average
Recorded
Investment
   
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
                               
Without a specific allowance reserve (1)
                             
Commercial real estate
                             
     Owner-occupied
  $ 1,581     $ 1,922     $ 124     $ 1,581     $ --  
     Investment properties
    1,216       1,523       223       1,349       10  
Multifamily real estate
    2,136       2,136       482       2,139       56  
One- to four-family construction
    5,481       5,543       435       5,286       119  
Land and land development
                                       
     Residential
    1,158       2,201       420       1,338       --  
     Commercial
    89       89       19       90       --  
Commercial business
    6,886       7,439       1,288       7,109       110  
Agricultural business/farmland
    1,010       1,693       103       1,427       --  
One- to four-family residential
    24,136       25,310       233       24,191       590  
                                         
Consumer
    736       844       10       789       6  
Consumer secured by one- to four-
                                       
   family
    1,798       2,104       54       1,794       13  
      46,227       50,804       3,391       47,093       905  
                                         
                                         
                                         
With a specific allowance reserve (2)
                                       
Commercial real estate
                                       
     Owner-occupied
  $ 2,802     $ 3,060     $ 3     $ 2,894     $ 14  
     Investment properties
    6,666       7,774       397       6,980       69  
Multifamily real estate
    5,000       5,000       1,464       5,000       130  
One- to-four family construction
    7,706       7,706       2,450       7,565       149  
Land and land development
                                       
     Residential
    3,594       8,158       289       4,667       --  
     Commercial
    294       454       --       428       --  
Commercial business
    10,514       11,902       1,054       12,296       115  
One- to four-family residential
    20,989       22,290       1,281       20,588       257  
                                         
Consumer
    989       1,047       33       1,034       18  
Consumer secured by one- to-four
                                       
   family
    591       689       --       673       --  
      59,145       68,080       6,971       62,125       752  
                                         
Total
                                       
Commercial real estate
                                       
     Owner-occupied
  $ 4,383     $ 4,982     $ 127     $ 4,475     $ 14  
     Investment properties
    7,882       9,298       620       8,329       79  
Multifamily real estate
    7,136       7,136       1,946       7,139       187  
One- to four-family construction
    13,187       13,249       2,885       12,851       268  
Land and land development
                                       
     Residential
    4,752       10,359       709       6,005       --  
     Commercial
    383       543       19       518       --  
Commercial business
    17,400       19,341       2,342       19,405       225  
Agricultural business/farmland
    1,011       1,693       103       1,427       --  
One- to four-family residential
    45,126       47,600       1,514       44,779       847  
                                         
Consumer
    1,724       1,890       43       1,823       24  
Consumer secured by one- to four-
                                       
   family
    2,388       2,793       54       2,467       13  
    $ 105,372     118,884     10,362     109,218     1,657  
                                         


 
22

 

   
At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2011
 
   
Recorded
Investment
   
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   
Related
Allowance
   
Average
Recorded
Investment
   
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
Without a specific allowance reserve (1)
                             
Commercial real estate
                             
     Owner-occupied
  $ 852     $ 853     $ 78     $ 874     $ --  
     Investment properties
    1,576       1,618       261       1,728       9  
Multifamily real estate
    452       452       6       456       32  
One- to four-family construction
    5,429       5,488       437       5,580       242  
Land and land development
                                       
     Residential
    4,064       4,679       1,176       4,524       99  
     Commercial
    645       645       45       616       --  
Commercial business
    5,173       5,535       932       5,587       81  
Agricultural business/farmland
    412       632       37       529       --  
One- to four-family residential
    27,529       28,121       277       27,933       919  
                                         
Consumer
    559       666       5       624       7  
Consumer secured by one- to four-
                                       
   family
    1,707       2,162       29       2,042       22  
        Total consumer
    2,266       2,828       34       2,666       29  
                                         
      48,398       50,851       3,283       50,493       1,411  
With a specific allowance reserve (2)
                                       
Commercial real estate
                                       
     Owner-occupied
  $ 3,643     $ 4,013     $ 207     $ 3,901     $ 13  
     Investment properties
    11,750       14,200       1,485       13,471       424  
Multifamily real estate
    1,997       1,997       11       1,967       82  
Commercial construction
    949       1,493       --       1,465       --  
One- to-four family construction
    9,556       9,821       1,998       9,185       277  
Land and land development
                                       
     Residential
    20,331       34,068       616       36,747       220  
     Commercial
    454       454       --       454       --  
Commercial business
    12,889       13,333       1,404       13,721       144  
Agricultural business/farmland
    1,483       1,671       592       1,855       --  
One- to four-family residential
    16,877       18,301       658       17,555       469  
                                         
Consumer
    915       915       62       881       18  
Consumer secured by one- to-four
                                       
   family
    603       630       --       585       --  
        Total consumer
    1,518       1,545       62       1,466       18  
                                         
      81,447       100,896       7,033       101,787       1,647  
Total
                                       
Commercial real estate
                                       
     Owner-occupied
  $ 4,495     $ 4,866     $ 285     $ 4,775     $ 13  
     Investment properties
    13,326       15,818       1,746       15,199       433  
Multifamily real estate
    2,449       2,449       17       2,423       114  
Commercial construction
    949       1,493       --       1,465       --  
One- to four-family construction
    14,985       15,309       2,435       14,765       519  
Land and land development
                                       
     Residential
    24,395       38,747       1,792       41,271       319  
     Commercial
    1,099       1,099       45       1,070       --  
Commercial business
    18,062       18,868       2,336       19,308       225  
Agricultural business/farmland
    1,895       2,303       629       2,384       --  
One- to four-family residential
    44,406       46,422       935       45,488       1,388  
                                         
Consumer
    1,474       1,581       67       1,505       25  
Consumer secured by one- to four-
                                       
   family
    2,310       2,792       29       2,627       22  
         Total consumer
    3,784       4,373       96       4,132       47  
    $ 129,845     $ 151,747     $ 10,316     $ 152,280     $ 3,058  

(1)  
Loans without a specific allowance reserve have not been individually evaluated for impairment, but have been included in pools of homogeneous loans for evaluation of related allowance reserves.
 
(2)  
Loans with a specific allowance reserve have been individually evaluated for impairment using either a discounted cash flow analysis or, for collateral dependent loans, current appraisals to establish realizable value.  These analyses may identify a specific impairment amount needed or may conclude that no reserve is needed.  Any specific impairment that is identified is included in the category’s Related Allowance column.

 
23

 

The following tables present TDRs at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (in thousands):

   
June 30, 2012
 
   
Accrual
Status
   
Nonaccrual
Status
   
Total
Modifications
 
                   
                   
Commercial real estate
                 
    Owner-occupied
  $ 827     $ 28     $ 855  
    Investment properties
    3,859       2,246       6,105  
Multifamily real estate
    7,136       --       7,136  
One-to-four family construction
    9,383       268       9,651  
Land and land development
                       
    Residential
    --       326       326  
    Commercial
    --       43       43  
Commercial business
    8,800       352       9,152  
One- to four-family residential
    26,814       3,126       29,940  
                         
Consumer
    660       253       913  
Consumer secured by one-to-four family
    531       626       1,157  
    Total consumer
    1,191       879       2,070  
                         
    $ 58,010     $ 7,268     $ 65,278  

   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Accrual
Status
   
Nonaccrual
Status
   
Total
Modifications
 
                   
                   
Commercial real estate
                 
    Owner-occupied
  $ --     $ 142     $ 142  
    Investment properties
    7,751       1,822       9,573  
Multifamily real estate
    2,088       --       2,088  
One-to-four family construction
    8,362       271       8,633  
Land and land development
                       
    Residential
    5,334       557       5,891  
    Commercial
    --       949       949  
Commercial business
    4,401       --       4,401  
One- to four-family residential
    23,291       3,086       26,377  
                         
Consumer
    2,935       3,974       6,909  
Consumer secured by one-to-four family
    371       549       920  
    Total consumer
    3,306       4,523       7,829  
                         
    $ 54,533     $ 11,350     $ 65,883  






 
24

 


Loans may be restructured or modified for multiple reasons and the types of restructures that occur can include modifications of: interest rates, payment amount, maturity date, or provide for periods of reduced payments or foregiveness of portions of interest or principal due.  Our restructures have generally not involved foregiveness of amounts due, but almost always include a modification of multiple factors; the most common combination including interest rate, payment amount and maturity date.

The following tables present newly restructured loans that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 (dollars in thousands):

 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2012
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2012
 
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
 Investment
 
Post-
modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
 Investment
 
Post-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
                                     
Recorded Investment (1) (2)
                                   
Commercial real estate
                                   
    Investment properties
    1     99     $ 99       3     974     974  
Multifamily real estate
    2       5,054       5,054       2       5,054       5,054  
One-to-four family construction
    10       2,664       2,664       11       3,146       3,146  
Commercial business
    5       1,289       1,289       10       2,195       2,195  
One- to four-family residential
    2       621       621       17       9,073       9,073  
Consumer
    1       132       132       2       284       284  
                                                 
      21     $ 9,859     $ 9,859       45     $ 20,726     $ 20,726  
                                                 
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2011
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2011
 
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
                                                 
Recorded Investment (1) (2)
                                               
Commercial real estate
                                               
    Owner-occupied
    --     $ --     $ --       1     $ 189     $ 189  
    Investment properties
    2       155       155       3       1,977       1,977  
Multifamily real estate
    1       1,635       1,635       2       1,997       1,997  
One-to-four family construction
    3       3,043       3,043       3       3,042       3,042  
Commercial business
    2       180       180       2       180       180  
One- to four-family residential
    2       502       502       3       769       769  
Consumer
    2       32       32       3       32       32  
                                                 
      12     $ 5,547     $ 5,547       17     $ 8,186     $ 8,186  

(1)  
Since most loans were already considered classified and/or on nonaccrual status prior to restructuring, the modifications did not have a material effect on the Company’s determination of the allowance for loan losses.

(2)  
The majority of these modifications do not fit into one separate type, such as rate, term, amount, interest-only or payment, but instead are a combination of multiple types of modifications; therefore, they are disclosed in aggregate.

The following table presents TDRs which incurred a payment default within the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, for which the payment default occurred within twelve months of the restructure date.  A default on a restructured loan is either a transfer to nonaccrual status or a charge-off (in thousands):

   
Three Months Ended June 30,
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                         
Commercial real estate – owner occupied
  $ --     $ 1,126     $ 1,378     1,126  
One- to four-family residential
    --       1,244       562       1,244  
                                 
Balance, end of period
  $ --     $ 2,370     $ 1,940     $ 2,370  




 
25

 

Credit Quality Indicators:  To appropriately and effectively manage the ongoing credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, management has implemented a risk-rating or loan grading system for its loans.  The system is a tool to evaluate portfolio asset quality throughout each applicable loan’s life as an asset of the Company.  Generally, loans and leases are risk rated on an aggregate borrower/relationship basis with individual loans sharing similar ratings.  There are some instances when specific situations relating to individual loans will provide the basis for different risk ratings within the aggregate relationship.  Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 9.  A description of the general characteristics of these categories is shown below:

Overall Risk Rating Definitions:  Risk-ratings contain both qualitative and quantitative measurements and take into account the financial strength of a borrower and the structure of the loan or lease.  Consequently, the definitions are to be applied in the context of each lending transaction and judgment must also be used to determine the appropriate risk rating, as it is not unusual for a loan or lease to exhibit characteristics of more than one risk-rating category.  Consideration for the final rating is centered in the borrower’s ability to repay, in a timely fashion, both principal and interest.  There were no material changes in the risk-rating or loan grading system in 2011 or during the six months ended June 30, 2012.

Risk Rating 1: Exceptional
A credit supported by exceptional financial strength, stability, and liquidity.  The risk rating of 1 is reserved for the Company’s top quality loans, generally reserved for investment grade credits underwritten to the standards of institutional credit providers.

Risk Rating 2: Excellent
A credit supported by excellent financial strength, stability and liquidity.  The risk rating of 2 is reserved for very strong and highly stable customers with ready access to alternative financing sources.

Risk Rating 3: Strong
A credit supported by good overall financial strength and stability.  Collateral margins are strong; cash flow is stable although susceptible to cyclical market changes.

Risk Rating 4: Acceptable
A credit supported by the borrower’s adequate financial strength and stability.  Assets and cash flow are reasonably sound and provide for orderly debt reduction.  Access to alternative financing sources will be more difficult to obtain.

Risk Rating 5: Watch
A credit with the characteristics of an acceptable credit which requires, however, more than the normal level of supervision and warrants formal quarterly management reporting.  Credits in this category are not yet criticized or classified, but due to adverse events or aspects of underwriting require closer than normal supervision. Generally, credits should be watch credits in most cases for six months or less as the impact of stress factors are analyzed.

Risk Rating 6: Special Mention
A credit with potential weaknesses that deserves management’s close attention is risk rated a 6.  If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses will result in deterioration in the capacity to repay debt.  A key distinction between Special Mention and Substandard is that in a Special Mention credit, there are identified weaknesses that pose potential risk(s) to the repayment sources, versus well defined weaknesses that pose risk(s) to the repayment sources.  Assets in this category are expected to be in this category no more than 9-12 months as the potential weaknesses in the credit are resolved.

Risk Rating 7: Substandard
A credit with well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the ability to repay in full is risk rated a 7.  These credits are inadequately protected by either the sound net worth and payment capacity of the borrower or the value of pledged collateral.  These are credits with a distinct possibility of loss.  Loans headed for foreclosure and/or legal action due to deterioration are rated 7 or worse.

Risk Rating 8: Doubtful
A credit with an extremely high probability of loss is risk rated 8.  These credits have all the same critical weaknesses that are found in a substandard loan; however, the weaknesses are elevated to the point that based upon current information, collection or liquidation in full is improbable.  While some loss on doubtful credits is expected, pending events may strengthen a credit making the amount and timing of any loss undeterminable.  In these situations taking the loss is inappropriate until it is clear that the pending event has failed to strengthen the credit and improve the capacity to repay debt.

Risk Rating 9: Loss
A credit that is considered to be currently uncollectible or of such little value that it is no longer a viable Bank asset is risk rated 9.  Losses should be taken in the accounting period in which the credit is determined to be uncollectible.  Taking a loss does not mean that a credit has absolutely no recovery or salvage value but, rather, it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the credit, even though partial recovery may occur in the future.



 
26

 

The following table shows the Company’s portfolio of risk-rated loans and non-risk-rated loans by grade or other characteristics as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (in thousands):

 
June 30, 2012
 
 
Commercial
 Real Estate
 
Multifamily
Real Estate
 
Construction and
Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural
Business
 
One- to Four-
Family Residential
 
Consumer
 
Total Loans
 
                                                 
Risk-rated loans:
                                               
Pass (Risk Ratings 1-5) (1)
  $ 1,021,881     $ 122,319     $ 269,176     $ 536,074     $ 208,309     $ 578,942     $ 269,978     $ 3,006,679  
Special mention
    19,828       1,065       1,436       14,332       1,112       303       155       38,231  
Substandard
    49,877       6,935       23,265       49,326       2,284       28,244       7,102       167,033  
Doubtful
    --       --       --       314       --       --       --       314  
Loss
    --       --       --       --       --       --       --       --  
                                                                 
Total loans
  $ 1,091,586     $ 130,319     $ 293,877     $ 600,046     $ 211,705     $ 607,489     $ 277,235     $ 3,212,257  
                                                                 
Performing loans
  $ 1,084,006     $ 130,319     $ 284,938     $ 591,446     $ 210,695     $ 589,177     $ 274,314     $ 3,164,895  
Non-performing loans
    7,580       --       8,939       8,600       1,010       18,312       2,921       47,362  
                                                                 
Total loans
  $ 1,091,586     $ 130,319     $ 293,877     $ 600,046     $ 211,705     $ 607,489     $ 277,235     $ 3,212,257  
                                                                 
   
December 31, 2011
 
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
Real Estate
 
Construction and
Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural Business
 
One- to Four-Family Residential
 
Consumer
 
Total Loans
 
                                                                 
Risk-rated loans:
                                                               
Pass (Risk Ratings 1-5) (1)
  $ 1,003,990     $ 132,108     $ 257,685     $ 542,625     $ 213,512     $ 607,793     $ 276,642     $ 3,034,355  
Special mention
    29,751       5,000       3,359       13,447       923       772       402       53,654  
Substandard
    57,687       2,602       57,648       45,032       3,736       33,936       7,352       207,993  
Doubtful
    --       --       --       336       --       --       --       336  
Loss
    --       --       --       --       --       --       --       --  
                                                                 
Total loans
  $ 1,091,428     $ 139,710     $ 318,692     $ 601,440     $ 218,171     $ 642,501     $ 284,396     $ 3,296,338  
                                                                 
Performing loans
  $ 1,082,202     $ 139,348     $ 290,961     $ 587,976     $ 216,275     $ 622,946     $ 281,318     $ 3,221,026  
Non-performing loans
    9,226       362       27,731       13,464       1,896       19,555       3,078       75,312  
                                                                 
Total loans
  $ 1,091,428     $ 139,710     $ 318,692     $ 601,440     $ 218,171     $ 642,501     $ 284,396     $ 3,296,338  

(1)The Pass category includes some performing loans that are part of homogenous pools which are not individually risk-rated.  This includes all consumer loans, all one- to four-family residential loans and, as of June 30, 2012, in the commercial business category, $67 million of small credit-scored business loans.  As loans in these pools become non-performing, they are individually risk-rated.

 
27

 

The following tables provide additional detail on the age analysis of the Company’s past due loans as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (in thousands):

 
June 30, 2012
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
 
Greater Than
90 Days Past
Due
 
Total Past
Due
 
Current
 
Total Loans
 
Loans 90 Days
or More Past
Due and
Accruing
                                         
Commercial real estate
                                       
     Owner-occupied
$
2,139
 
$
--
 
$
3,101
 
$
5,240
 
$
472,381
 
$
477,621
 
$
--
     Investment properties
 
--
   
99
   
2,644
   
2,743
   
611,222
   
613,965
   
--
Multifamily real estate
 
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
130,319
   
130,319
   
--
Commercial construction
 
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
23,808
   
23,808
   
--
Multifamily construction
 
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
18,132
   
18,132
   
--
One-to-four-family construction
 
238
   
--
   
634
   
872
   
156,429
   
157,301
     
Land and land development
                                       
     Residential
 
--
   
--
   
3,300
   
3,300
   
79,885
   
83,185
   
--
     Commercial
 
--
   
--
   
337
   
337
   
11,114
   
11,451
   
--
Commercial business
 
609
   
345
   
3,320
   
4,274
   
595,772
   
600,046
   
--
Agricultural business
 
--
   
--
   
991
   
991
   
210,714
   
211,705
   
--
One-to four-family residential
 
505
   
415
   
11,683
   
12,603
   
594,886
   
607,489
   
2,142
                                         
Consumer
 
312
   
582
   
744
   
1,638
   
101,866
   
103,504
   
39
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
 
903
   
638
   
962
   
2,503
   
171,228
   
173,731
     
                                         
Total
$
4,706
 
$
2,079
 
$
27,716
 
$
34,501
 
$
3,177,756
 
$
3,212,257
 
$
2,181
                                         
 
December 31, 2011
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
 
Greater Than
90 Days Past
Due
 
Total Past
Due
 
Current
 
Total Loans
 
Loans 90 Days
or More Past
Due and
Accruing
                                         
Commercial real estate
                                       
     Owner-occupied
$
1,251
 
$
2,703
 
$
3,462
 
$
7,416
 
$
462,390
 
$
469,806
 
$
--
     Investment properties
 
--
   
--
   
3,087
   
3,087
   
618,535
   
621,622
   
--
Multifamily real estate
 
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
139,710
   
139,710
   
--
Commercial construction
 
--
   
--
   
949
   
949
   
41,442
   
42,391
   
--
Multifamily construction
 
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
19,436
   
19,436
   
--
One-to-four-family construction
 
643
   
--
   
3,819
   
4,462
   
139,715
   
144,177
   
--
Land and land development
                                       
     Residential
 
638
   
--
   
15,919
   
16,557
   
80,934
   
97,491
   
--
     Commercial
 
308
   
--
   
791
   
1,099
   
14,098
   
15,197
   
--
Commercial business
 
2,411
   
4,170
   
5,612
   
12,193
   
589,247
   
601,440
   
4
Agricultural business
 
99
   
--
   
1,849
   
1,948
   
216,223
   
218,171
   
--
One-to four-family residential
 
794
   
585
   
15,770
   
17,149
   
625,352
   
642,501
   
2,147
                                         
Consumer
 
670
   
363
   
769
   
1,802
   
101,545
   
103,347
   
25
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
 
1,072
   
109
   
1,374
   
2,555
   
178,494
   
181,049
   
148
                                         
Total
$
7,886
 
$
7,930
 
$
53,401
 
$
69,217
 
$
3,227,121
 
$
3,296,338
 
$
2,324
 
 
 
 
 
 
28

 
 
 
 
The following tables provide additional information on the allowance for loan losses and loan balances individually and collectively evaluated for impairment at or for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):

 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2012
 
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and
Land
 
Commercial
Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and Unallocated
 
Total
 
Allowance for loan losses:
                                                     
Beginning balance
$
17,083
 
$
3,261
 
$
15,871
 
$
13,123
 
$
1,887
 
$
12,869
 
$
1,274
 
$
16,176
 
$
81,544
 
Provision for loan losses
 
992
   
1,847
   
1,756
   
887
   
(608
)
 
2,876
   
345
   
(4,095
)
 
4,000
 
Recoveries
 
18
   
--
   
1,050
   
639
   
15
   
374
   
195
   
--
   
2,291
 
Charge-offs
 
(1,259
)
 
--
   
(1,703
)
 
(2,297
)
 
--
   
(1,906
)
 
(449
)
 
--
   
(7,614
)
                                                       
Ending balance
$
16,834
 
$
5,108
 
$
16,974
 
$
12,352
 
$
1,294
 
$
14,213
 
$
1,365
 
$
12,081
 
$
80,221
 
 
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012
 
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and
Land
 
Commercial
Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and Unallocated
 
Total
 
Allowance for loan losses:
                                                     
Beginning balance
$
16,457
 
$
3,952
 
$
18,184
 
$
15,159
 
$
1,548
 
$
12,299
 
$
1,253
 
$
14,060
 
$
82,912
 
Provision for loan losses
 
2,327
   
1,156
   
1,997
   
22
   
6
   
4,407
   
1,064
   
(1,979
)
 
9,000
 
Recoveries
 
632
   
--
   
1,420
   
875
   
15
   
379
   
331
   
--
   
3,652
 
Charge-offs
 
(2,582
)
 
--
   
(4,627
)
 
(3,704
)
 
(275
)
 
(2,872
)
 
(1,283
)
 
--
   
(15,343
)
                                                       
Ending balance
$
16,834
 
$
5,108
 
$
16,974
 
$
12,352
 
$
1,294
 
$
14,213
 
$
1,365
 
$
12,081
 
$
80,221
 
                                                       
     
 
At June 30, 2012
 
 
Commercial
 Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and
Land
 
Commercial
 Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and Unallocated
 
Total
 
                                                       
Allowance individually evaluated for impairment
$
400
 
$
1,464
 
$
2,739
 
$
1,054
 
$
--
 
$
1,281
 
$
33
 
$
--
 
$
6,971
 
Allowance collectively evaluated for impairment
 
16,434
   
3,644
   
14,235
   
11,298
   
1,294
   
12,932
   
1,332
   
12,081
   
73,250
 
                                                       
Total allowance for loan losses
$
16,834
 
$
5,108
 
$
16,974
 
$
12,352
 
$
1,294
 
$
14,213
 
$
1,365
 
$
12,081
 
$
80,221
 
 
 
   
At June 30, 2012
 
     Commercial
Real Estate
      Multifamily      
Construction
and
Land
     Commercial Business      
Agricultural business
     
One- to Four-
Family
     
Consumer
     
Commitments and Unallocated
     
Total
 
Loan balances:
                                                     
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
$
9,468
 
$
5,000
 
$
11,594
 
$
10,514
 
$
--
 
$
20,989
 
$
1,580
 
$
--
 
$
59,145
 
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
 
1,082,118
   
125,319
   
282,283
   
589,532
   
211,705
   
586,500
   
275,655
   
--
   
3,153,112
 
                                                       
Total loans
$
1,091,586
 
$
130,319
 
$
293,877
 
$
600,046
 
$
211,705
 
$
607,489
 
$
277,235
 
$
--
 
$
3,212,257
 
 
 

 
 
29

 

 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2011
 
 
Commercial
 Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction
and
Land
 
Commercial
Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and
Unallocated
 
Total
 
Allowance for loan losses:
                                                     
Beginning balance
$
11,871
 
$
6,055
 
$
30,346
 
$
22,054
 
$
1,441
 
$
8,149
 
$
1,452
 
$
16,264
 
$
97,632
 
Provision for loan losses
 
3,072
   
(407
)
 
991
   
1,770
   
134
   
1,970
   
221
   
249
   
8,000
 
Recoveries
 
15
   
--
   
716
   
81
   
--
   
29
   
84
   
--
   
925
 
Charge-offs
 
(1,871
)
 
(244
)
 
(6,077
)
 
(3,993
)
 
(166
)
 
(1,894
)
 
(312
)
 
--
   
(14,557
)
                                                       
Ending balance
$
13,087
 
$
5,404
 
$
25,976
 
$
19,912
 
$
1,409
 
$
8,254
 
$
1,445
 
$
16,513
 
$
92,000
 
                                                       
 
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2011
 
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction
 and
Land
 
Commercial
Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and
 Unallocated
 
Total
 
Allowance for loan losses:
                                                     
Beginning balance
$
11,779
 
$
3,963
 
$
33,121
 
$
24,545
 
$
1,846
 
$
5,829
 
$
1,794
 
$
14,524
 
$
97,401
 
Provision for loan losses
 
4,153
   
2,112
   
8,718
   
1,566
   
(148
)
 
6,447
   
163
   
1,989
   
25,000
 
Recoveries
 
15
   
--
   
751
   
162
   
--
   
81
   
162
   
--
   
1,171
 
Charge-offs
 
(2,860
)
 
(671
)
 
(16,614
)
 
(6,361
)
 
(289
)
 
(4,103
)
 
(674
)
 
--
   
(31,572
)
                                                       
Ending balance
$
13,087
 
$
5,404
 
$
25,976
 
$
19,912
 
$
1,409
 
$
8,254
 
$
1,445
 
$
16,513
 
$
92,000
 
                                                       
 
 
At June 30, 2011
 
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction
and
Land
 
Commercial
Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and
Unallocated
 
Total
 
                                                       
Allowance individually evaluated for impairment
$
702
 
$
648
 
$
5,769
 
$
1,016
 
$
--
 
$
413
 
$
1,784
 
$
--
 
$
10,332
 
Allowance collectively evaluated for impairment
 
12,385
   
4,756
   
20,207
   
18,896
   
1,409
   
7,841
   
(339
)
 
16,513
   
81,668
 
                                                       
Total allowance for loan losses
$
13,087
 
$
5,404
 
$
25,976
 
$
19,912
 
$
1,409
 
$
8,254
 
$
1,445
 
$
16,513
 
$
92,000
 
                                                       
 
 
   
At June 30, 2011
     
Commercial Real Estate
     
Multifamily
     
Construction and
Land
     
Commercial Business
     
Agricultural business
     
One- to Four-
Family
     
Consumer
     
Commitments and
Unallocated
     
Total
                                                     
Loan balances:
                                                   
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
$
24,141
 
$
648
 
$
61,315
 
$
11,786
 
$
--
 
$
16,126
 
$
3,250
 
$
--
 
$
117,266
Loans collectively evaluated for  impairment
 
1,051,936
   
161,546
   
293,963
   
761,533
   
1,409
   
642,090
   
276,924
   
--
   
3,189,401
                                                     
Total loans
$
1,076,077
 
$
162,194
 
$
355,278
 
$
773,319
 
$
1,409
 
$
658,216
 
$
280,174
 
$
--
 
$
3,306,667
                                                     



 
30

 

Note 8:  REAL ESTATE OWNED, NET

The following table presents the changes in real estate owned (REO), net of valuation adjustments, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):

   
Three Months Ended
June 30
   
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                         
Balance, beginning of the period
  $ 27,723     $ 94,945     $ 42,965     $ 100,872  
                                 
   Additions from loan foreclosures
    6,885       11,918       8,486       26,834  
   Additions from capitalized costs
    7       1,532       134       3,147  
   Dispositions of REO
    (7,798 )     (32,437 )     (23,239 )     (51,331 )
   Gain (loss) on sale of REO
    567       58       667       (479 )
   Valuation adjustments in the period
    (1,568 )     (4,811 )     (3,197 )     (7,838 )
                                 
Balance, end of the period
  $ 25,816     $ 71,205     $ 25,816     $ 71,205  

The following table shows REO by type and geographic location by state as of June 30, 2012 (in thousands):

   
Washington
   
Oregon
   
Idaho
   
Total
 
                         
Commercial real estate
  $ 340     $ 301     $ 2,089     $ 2,730  
One- to four-family construction
    405       389       --       794  
Land development- commercial
    3,225       37       195       3,457  
Land development- residential
    4,120       6,871       187       11,178  
One- to four-family real estate
    4,013       2,786       858       7,657  
                                 
Balance, end of period
  $ 12,103     $ 10,384     $ 3,329     $ 25,816  

REO properties are recorded at the lower of the estimated fair value of the property, less expected selling costs, or the carrying value of the defaulted loan, establishing a new cost basis.  Subsequently, REO properties are carried at the lower of the new cost basis or updated fair market values, based on updated appraisals of the underlying properties, as received.  Valuation allowances on the carrying value of REO may be recognized based on updated appraisals or on management’s authorization to reduce the selling price of a property.

Note 9:  INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS

Intangible Assets:  At June 30, 2012, intangible assets consisted primarily of core deposit intangibles (CDI), which are amounts recorded in business combinations or deposit purchase transactions related to the value of transaction-related deposits and the value of the customer relationships associated with the deposits.

The Company amortizes CDI over their estimated useful life and reviews them at least annually for events or circumstances that could impact their recoverability.  The CDI assets shown in the table below represent the value ascribed to the long-term deposit relationships acquired in three separate bank acquisitions during 2007.  These intangible assets are being amortized using an accelerated method over estimated useful lives of eight years.  The CDI assets are not estimated to have a significant residual value.  Intangible assets are amortized over their useful lives and are also reviewed for impairment.

The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s core deposit intangibles and other intangibles for the six months ended June 30, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011 (in thousands):

   
Core Deposit Intangibles
   
Other
   
Total
 
                   
Balance, December 31, 2011
  $ 6,322     $ 9     $ 6,331  
Amortization
    (1,075 )     (4 )     (1,079 )
                         
Balance, June 30, 2012
  $ 5,247     $ 5     $ 5,252  

   
Core Deposit Intangibles
   
Other
   
Total
 
                   
Balance, December 31, 2010
  $ 8,598     $ 11     $ 8,609  
Amortization
    (2,276 )     (2 )     (2,278 )
                         
Balance, December 31, 2011
  $ 6,322     $ 9     $ 6,331  



 
31

 
The following table presents the estimated annual amortization expense with respect to existing intangibles as of June 30, 2012 (in thousands):

Year Ended
 
Core Deposit
 Intangibles
 
Other
 
Total
                   
December 31, 2012
 
$
2,092
 
$
2
 
$
2,094
December 31, 2013
   
1,908
   
2
   
1,910
December 31, 2014
   
1,724
   
2
   
1,726
December 31, 2015
   
598
   
1
   
599
Thereafter
   
--
   
2
   
2
                   
   
$
6,322
 
$
9
 
$
6,331

Mortgage Servicing Rights:  Mortgage servicing rights are reported in other assets. Mortgage servicing rights are initially recorded at fair value and are amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, the estimated future net servicing income of the underlying financial assets.  Mortgage servicing rights are subsequently evaluated for impairment based upon the fair value of the rights compared to the amortized cost (remaining unamortized initial fair value).  If the fair value is less than the amortized cost, a valuation allowance is created through an impairment charge to servicing fee income.  However, if the fair value is greater than the amortized cost, the amount above the amortized cost is not recognized in the carrying value.  During the first six months of 2012 and during all of 2011, the Company did not record an impairment charge.  Loans serviced for others totaled $780 million and $660 million at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.  Custodial accounts maintained in connection with this servicing totaled $4.2 million and $3.1 million at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.

An analysis of our mortgage servicing rights for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 is presented below (in thousands):

   
Three Months Ended
June 30
   
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                         
Balance, beginning of the period
  $ 5,870     $ 5,320     $ 5,584     $ 5,441  
                                 
Amounts capitalized
    940       385       1,853       653  
Amortization (1)
    (608 )     (336 )     (1,235 )     (725 )
                                 
Balance, end of the period
  $ 6,202     $ 5,369     $ 6,202     $ 5,369  

(1) Amortization of mortgage servicing rights is recorded as a reduction of loan servicing income and any unamortized balance is fully written off if the loan repays in full.

Note 10:  DEPOSITS AND CUSTOMER REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS

Deposits consisted of the following at June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2011 (dollars in thousands):

   
June 30, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
   
June 30, 2011
 
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Total
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Total
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Total
 
                                     
Non-interest-bearing accounts
  $ 804,562       23.5 %   $ 777,563       22.4 %   $ 645,778       18.6 %
Interest-bearing checking
    379,742       11.1       362,542       10.4       356,321       10.3  
Regular savings accounts
    664,736       19.4       669,596       19.3       631,688       18.2  
Money market accounts
    405,412       11.8       415,456       11.9       434,281       12.5  
Total transaction and saving accounts
    2,254,452       65.8       2,225,157       64.0       2,068,068       59.6  
                                                 
Certificates which mature or reprice:
                                               
Within 1 year
    903,923       26.4       972,315       28.0       1,092,682       31.6  
After 1 year, but within 3 years
    198,015       5.8       214,091       6.2       242,987       7.0  
After 3 years
    69,359       2.0       64,091       1.8       62,663       1.8  
Total certificate accounts
    1,171,297       34.2       1,250,497       36.0       1,398,332       40.4  
                                                 
Total deposits
  $ 3,425,749       100.0 %   $ 3,475,654       100.0 %   $ 3,466,400       100.0 %
                                                 
Included in total deposits:
                                               
Public fund transaction accounts
$ 73,507       2.2 %   $ 72,064       2.1 %   $ 72,181       2.0 %
Public fund interest-bearing
  certificates
  62,743       1.8       67,112       1.9       69,219       2.0  
Total public deposits
  $ 136,250       4.0 %   $ 139,176       4.0 %   $ 141,400       4.0 %
                                                 
Total brokered deposits
  $ 23,521       0.7 %   $ 49,194       1.4 %   $ 73,161       2.1 %

 
32

 
The following table presents the geographic concentration of deposits at June 30, 2012 (in thousands):

   
Washington
 
Oregon
 
Idaho
 
Total
                         
Total deposits
 
$
2,600,221
 
$
600,748
 
$
224,780
 
$
3,425,749

In addition to deposits, we also offer retail repurchase agreements which are customer funds that are primarily associated with sweep account arrangements tied to transaction deposit accounts.  While we include these collateralized borrowings in other borrowings reported in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, these accounts primarily represent customer utilization of our cash management services and related deposit accounts.

The following table presents customer repurchase agreement balances as of June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2011 (in thousands):

 
June 30
2012
 
December 31
2011
 
June 30
2011
                 
Retail repurchase agreements
$
90,030
 
$
102,131
 
$
85,822

Note 11:  FAIR VALUE ACCOUNTING AND MEASUREMENT

Banner Bank has elected to record certain assets and liabilities at fair value.  Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale).  The GAAP standard (ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements) establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and disclosure requirements about fair value measurements.  Among other things, the standard requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.  Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s estimates for market assumptions.  These two types of inputs create the following fair value hierarchy:

·  
Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments.  An active market is a market in which transactions occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.  A quoted price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and shall be used to measure fair value whenever available.

·  
Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 including quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments, quoted prices in less active markets for identical or similar instruments, or other observable inputs that can be corroborated by observable market data.  

·  
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs supported by little or no market activity for financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation; also includes observable inputs from non-binding single dealer quotes not corroborated by observable market data. 
 
 
The estimated fair value amounts of financial instruments have been determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required to interpret data to develop the estimates of fair value.  Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange.  The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.  In addition, reasonable comparability between financial institutions may not be likely due to the wide range of permitted valuation techniques and numerous estimates that must be made given the absence of active secondary markets for many of the financial instruments.  This lack of uniform valuation methodologies also introduces a greater degree of subjectivity to these estimated fair values.  Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are deemed to occur at the end of the reporting period.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:

Banner records trading account securities, securities available-for-sale, FHLB debt and junior subordinated debentures at fair value on a recurring basis.

·  
The securities assets primarily consist of U.S. Government and agency obligations, municipal bonds, corporate bonds, single issue trust preferred securities (TPS), pooled trust preferred collateralized debt obligation securities (TRUP CDO), mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities, equity securities and certain other financial instruments. Level 1 measurements are based upon quoted prices in active markets. Level 2 measurements are generally based upon a matrix pricing model from an investment reporting and valuation service.  Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique used principally to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities, but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities. Level 3 measurements are based primarily on unobservable inputs.  In developing Level 3 measurements, management incorporates whatever market data might be available and uses discounted cash flow models where appropriate.  These calculations include projections of future cash flows, including appropriate default and loss assumptions, and market based discount rates.

 
33

 
From mid-2008 through the current quarter, the lack of active markets and market participants for certain securities resulted in an increase in Level 3 measurements.  This has been particularly true for our TRUP CDO securities.  As of June 30, 2012, we owned $32 million in current par value of these securities, exclusive of those securities the Company elected to write-off completely.  The market for TRUP CDO securities is inactive, which was evidenced first by a significant widening of the bid-ask spread in the brokered markets in which TRUP CDOs trade and then by a significant decrease in the volume of trades relative to historical levels.  The new issue market is also inactive as almost no new TRUP CDOs have been issued since 2007.  There are still very few market participants who are willing and/or able to transact for these securities.  Thus, a low market price for a particular bond may only provide evidence of stress in the credit markets in general rather than being an indicator of credit problems with a particular issuer or of the fair value of the security.

Given these conditions in the debt markets and the absence of observable transactions in the secondary and new issue markets, management determined that for the TRUP CDOs at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:

o    
The few observable transactions and market quotations that were available were not reliable for purposes of determining fair value,
 
o    
An income valuation approach technique (present value technique) that maximizes the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs was equally or more representative of fair value than the market approach valuation technique, and
 
o    
The Company’s TRUP CDOs should be classified exclusively within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because of the significant assumptions required to determine fair value at the measurement date.

The TRUP CDO valuations were derived using input from independent third parties who used proprietary cash flow models for analyzing collateralized debt obligations.  Their approaches to determining fair value involve considering the credit quality of the collateral, assuming a level of defaults based on the probability of default of each underlying trust preferred security, creating expected cash flows for each TRUP CDO security and discounting that cash flow at an appropriate risk-adjusted rate plus a liquidity premium.

Where appropriate, management reviewed the valuation methodologies and assumptions used by the independent third party providers and for certain securities determined that the fair value estimates were reasonable and utilized those estimates in the Company’s reported financial statements, while for other securities management adjusted the third party providers’ modeling to be more reflective of the characteristics of the Company’s remaining TRUP CDOs.

At June 30, 2012, Banner Bank also directly owned approximately $19 million in current book value of TPS securities issued by three individual financial institutions for which no direct market data or independent valuation source is available.  Similar to the TRUP CDOs above, there were too few, if any, issuances of new TPS securities or sales of existing TPS securities to provide Level 1 or even Level 2 fair value measurements for these securities.  Management, therefore, utilized a discounted cash-flow model to calculate the present value of each security’s expected future cash flows to determine their respective fair values.  Management took into consideration the limited market data that was available regarding similar securities, assessed the performance of the three individual issuers of TPS securities owned by the Company and concluded that each has demonstrated sufficient improvement in asset quality, capital position and general performance measures to warrant a reduction in the discount rate used in fair value modeling from the level used in prior periods.  The Company again sought input from independent third parties to help it establish an appropriate set of parameters to identify a reasonable range of discount rates for use in its fair value model.  These factors were then incorporated into the model at June 30, 2012, and discount rates equal to three-month LIBOR plus 550 basis points were used to calculate the respective fair values of these securities, compared to a range of LIBOR plus 600-800 basis points in the previous quarter.  The result of this change in the discount rates from this Level 3 fair value measurement was a fair value gain of $2.0 million in the quarter ended June 30, 2012.  At June 30, 2012, Banner Bank also had one TPS security issued by a large national bank with a par value of $5.0 million that was not actively traded, but for which more market data is available, permitting a Level 2 fair value measurement.  Subsequent to June 30, 2012, the issuer redeemed this security at a price of 101.92%.  The Company has and will continue to assess the appropriate fair value hierarchy for determination of these fair values on a quarterly basis.

·  
Fair valuations for FHLB advances are estimated using fair market values provided by the lender, the FHLB of Seattle.  The FHLB of Seattle prices advances by discounting the future contractual cash flows for individual advances using its current cost of funds curve to provide the discount rate.  Management considers this to be a Level 2 input method.

·  
The fair valuations of junior subordinated debentures (TPS-related debt that the Company has issued) were also valued using discounted cash flows.  As of June 30, 2012, all of these debentures carry interest rates that reset quarterly, using the three-month LIBOR index plus spreads of 1.38% to 3.35%.  While the quarterly reset of the index on this debt would seemingly keep its fair value reasonably close to book value, the disparity in the fixed spreads above the index and the inability to determine realistic current market spreads, due to lack of new issuances and trades, resulted in having to rely more heavily on assumptions about what spread would be appropriate if market transactions were to take place.  In periods prior to the third quarter of 2008, the discount rate used was based on recent issuances or quotes from brokers on the date of valuation for comparable bank holding companies and was considered to be a Level 2 input method.  However, as noted above in the discussions of TPS securities and TRUP CDOs, due to the unprecedented disruption of certain financial markets, management concluded that there were insufficient transactions or other indicators to continue to reflect these measurements as Level 2 inputs.  Due to this reliance on assumptions and not on directly observable transactions, management believes fair value for this instrument should follow a Level 3 input methodology.  From March 2009 to March 2012, the Company used a discount rate of LIBOR plus 800 basis points to value its junior subordinated debentures.  However, similar to the discussion above about the TPS securities, management assessed the performance of Banner Corporation and concluded that it has demonstrated sufficient improvement in asset quality, capital position and other performance measures to project sustainable profitability for the foreseeable future sufficient to warrant a reduction in the discount rate used in its fair value modeling.  Since the
 
 
 
 
34

 
 
 
discount rate used in the fair value modeling is the most sensitive unobservable estimate in the calculation, the Company again utilized input from the same independent third party noted above to help it establish an appropriate set of parameters to identify a reasonable range of discount rates for use in its fair value model.  In valuing the debentures at June 30, 2012, management evaluated discounted cash flows to maturity and for the discount rate used the period-ending three-month LIBOR plus 550 basis points, resulting in a fair value loss on these instruments of $21.2 million in the current quarter ended June 30, 2012.
 
·  
Derivative instruments include interest rate commitments related to one- to four family loans and residential mortgage backed securities and interest rate swaps.  The fair value of interest rate lock commitments and forward sales commitments are estimated using quoted or published market prices for similar instruments, adjusted for factors such as pull-through rate assumptions based on historical trends, where appropriate.  The fair value of interest rate swaps is determined by using current market quotes on similar instruments provided by active broker/dealers in the swap market.  The changes in the fair value of all of these deirviative instruments is primarily attributable to changes in the level of market interest rates.  The Company has elected to record the fair value of these derivative instruments on a net basis.

 
35

 
The following tables present financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (in thousands):

 
June 30, 2012
 
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Assets:
                       
Securities—available-for-sale
                       
U.S. Government and agency
$
--
 
$
228,024
 
$
--
 
$
228,024
 
Municipal bonds
 
--
   
33,702
   
--
   
33,702
 
Corporate bonds
 
--
   
4,068
   
--
   
4,068
 
Mortgage-backed securities
 
--
   
137,844
   
--
   
137,844
 
     Asset-backed securities
 
--
   
32,492
   
--
   
32,492
 
   
--
   
436,130
   
--
   
436,130
 
Securities—trading
                       
U.S. Government and agency
 
--
   
1,645
   
--
   
1,645
 
Municipal bonds
 
--
   
5,601
   
--
   
5,601
 
TPS and TRUP CDOs
 
--
   
5,112
   
32,493
   
37,605
 
Mortgage-backed securities
 
--
   
32,063
   
--
   
32,063
 
Equity securities and other
 
--
   
454
   
--
   
454
 
   
--
   
44,875
   
32,493
   
77,368
 
                         
Derivatives
                       
Interest rate lock commitments
 
--
   
364
   
--
   
364
 
Interest rate swaps
 
--
   
7,734
   
--
   
7,734
 
                         
 
$
--
 
$
489,103
 
$
32,493
 
$
521,596
 
                         
Liabilities
                       
Advances from FHLB at fair value
$
--
 
$
10,423
 
$
--
 
$
10,423
 
Junior subordinated debentures net of unamortized deferred issuance costs at fair value
 
--
 
-
--
   
70,553
   
70,553
 
                         
Derivatives
                       
Interest rate sales forward commitments, net
 
--
   
414
   
--
   
414
 
Interest rate swaps
 
--
   
7,732
   
--
   
7,732
 
 
$
--
 
$
18,569
 
$
70,553
 
$
89,122
 

 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Assets:
                       
Securities—available-for-sale
                       
U.S. Government and agency
$
--
 
$
338,971
 
$
--
 
$
338,971
 
Municipal bonds
 
--
   
6,260
   
--
   
6,260
 
Corporate bonds
 
--
   
27,310
   
--
   
27,310
 
Mortgage-backed securities
 
--
   
93,254
   
--
   
93,254
 
   
--
   
465,795
   
--
   
465,795
 
Securities—trading
                       
U.S. Government and agency
 
--
   
2,635
   
--
   
2,635
 
Municipal bonds
 
--
   
5,962
   
--
   
5,962
 
TPS and TRUP CDOs
 
--
   
4,600
   
30,455
   
35,055
 
Mortgage-backed securities
 
--
   
36,673
   
--
   
36,673
 
Equity securities and other
 
--
   
402
   
--
   
402
 
   
--
   
50,272
   
30,455
   
80,727
 
                         
Derivatives
                       
Interest rate lock commitments
 
--
   
617
   
--
   
617
 
Interest rate swaps
 
--
   
5,667
   
--
   
5,667
 
                         
 
$
--
 
$
522,351
 
$
30,455
 
$
552,806
 
                         
Liabilities
                       
Advances from FHLB at fair value
$
--
 
$
10,533
 
$
--
 
$
10,533
 
Junior subordinated debentures net of unamortized deferred issuance costs at fair value
 
--
 
-
--
   
49,988
   
49,988
 
               
,
       
Derivatives
                       
Interest rate sales forward commitments, net
 
--
   
617
   
--
   
617
 
Interest rate swaps
 
--
   
5,666
   
--
   
5,666
 
 
$
--
 
$
16,816
 
$
49,988
 
$
66,804
 

 
36

 

The following table provides a reconciliation of the assets and liabilities measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) on a recurring basis during the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):

   
Three Months Ended June 30, 2012
Level 3 Fair Value Inputs
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2012
Level 3 Fair Value Inputs
 
   
TPS and TRUP
CDOs
 
Borrowings—
Junior
Subordinated
 Debentures
 
TPS and TRUP
CDOs
 
Borrowings—
Junior
Subordinated
Debentures
 
                         
Beginning balance
$
31,056
 
$
49,368
 
$
30,455
 
$
49,988
 
                         
Total gains or losses recognized
                       
Assets gains, including OTTI
 
1,437
         
2,038
   
--
 
Liabilities (gains)
       
21,185
   
--
   
20,565
 
                         
Ending balance at June 30, 2012
$
32,493
 
$
70,553
 
$
32,493
 
$
70,553
 
                 
   
Three Months Ended June 30, 2011
Level 3 Fair Value Inputs
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2011
Level 3 Fair Value Inputs
 
   
TPS and TRUP
CDOs
 
Borrowings—
Junior
Subordinated
 Debentures
 
TPS and TRUP
CDOs
 
Borrowings—
Junior
Subordinated
Debentures
 
                         
Beginning balance
$
29,670
 
$
48,395
 
$
29,661
 
$
48,425
 
                         
Total gains or losses recognized
                       
Assets gains, including OTTI
 
1,058
         
1,109
   
--
 
Liabilities (gains)
       
(409
)
 
--
   
(439
)
Purchases, issuances and settlements
             
--
   
--
 
Paydowns and maturities
             
(42
)
 
--
 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3
             
--
   
--
 
                         
Ending balance at June 30, 2011
$
30,728
 
$
47,986
 
$
30,728
 
$
47,986
 

The Company has elected to continue to recognize the interest income and dividends from the securities reclassified to fair value as a component of interest income as was done in prior years when they were classified as available-for-sale.  Interest expense related to the FHLB advances and junior subordinated debentures continues to be measured based on contractual interest rates and reported in interest expense.  The change in fair market value of these financial instruments has been recorded as a component of other operating income.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis:

Carrying values of certain impaired loans are periodically evaluated to determine if valuation adjustments, or partial write-downs, should be recorded.  These non-recurring fair value adjustments are recorded when observable market prices or current appraised values of collateral indicate a shortfall in collateral value or discounted cash flows indicate a shortfall compared to current carrying values of the related loan.  If the Company determines that the value of the impaired loan is less than the carrying value of the loan, the Company either establishes an impairment reserve as a specific component of the allowance for loan and lease losses (ALLL) or charges off the impaired amount.  The remaining impaired loans are evaluated for reserve needs in homogenous pools within the Company’s ALLL methodology.  As of June 30, 2012, the Company reviewed all of its classified loans totaling $167 million and identified $105 million which were considered impaired.  Of those $105 million in impaired loans, $59 million were individually evaluated to determine if valuation adjustments, or partial write-downs, should be recorded, or if specific impairment reserves should be established.  The $59 million had original carrying values of $68 million which have been reduced by partial write-downs totaling $9 million.  In addition to these write-downs, in order to bring the impaired loan balances to fair value, the Company also established $7 million in specific reserves on these impaired loans.  Impaired loans that were collectively evaluated for reserve purposes within homogenous pools totaled $46 million and were found to require allowances totaling $3 million.  The $46 million evaluated for reserve purposes within homogeneous pools included $26 million of restructured loans which are currently performing according to their restructured terms.  The valuation inputs for impaired loans are considered to be Level 3 inputs.

The Company records REO (acquired through a lending relationship) at fair value on a non-recurring basis.  All REO properties are recorded at amounts which are equal to fair value of the properties based on independent appraisals (reduced by estimated selling costs) upon transfer of the loans to REO.  From time to time, non-recurring fair value adjustments to REO are recorded to reflect partial write-downs based on an observable market price or current appraised value of property.  Banner considers any valuation inputs related to REO to be Level 3 inputs.  The individual carrying values of these assets are reviewed for impairment at least annually and any additional impairment charges are expensed to operations.  For the three months ended June 30, 2012, the Company recognized $1.6 million of additional impairment charges related to REO assets, compared to $4.8 million for the same quarter one year earlier.  For the six months ended June 30, 2012, these impairment charges totaled $3.2 million, compared to $7.8 million for the same period in 2011.

 
37

 


The following tables present the fair value measurement of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and the level within the fair value hierarchy of the fair value measurements for those assets at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (in thousands):

 
At or For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012
 
 
Fair Value
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other Observable
Inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Losses
 Recognized
During the
Period
 
                               
Impaired loans
  $ 44,428     $ --     $ --     $ 44,428     $ 13,352  
REO
    25,816       --       --       25,816       3,357  
                                         
 
At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2011
 
 
Fair Value
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other Observable
Inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Losses
Recognized
During the
Period
 
                                         
Impaired loans
  $ 47,959     $ --     $ --     $ 47,959     $ 21,902  
REO
    42,965       --       --       42,965       7,325  

Fair Values of Financial Instruments:

The following table presents estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, whether or not recognized or recorded in the consolidated balance sheets.  The estimated fair value amounts have been determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies.  However, considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data in the development of the estimates of fair value.  Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange.  The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.  The estimated fair value of financial instruments is as follows (in thousands):

   
June 30, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Carrying
Value
   
Estimated Fair
Value
   
Carrying
Value
   
Estimated Fair
Value
 
Assets:
                       
Cash and due from banks
  $ 189,176     $ 189,176     $ 132,436     $ 132,436  
Securities—trading
    77,368       77,368       80,727       80,727  
Securities—available-for-sale
    486,130       486,130       465,795       465,795  
Securities—held-to-maturity
    83,312       89,153       75,438       80,107  
Loans receivable held for sale
    6,752       6,821       3,007       3,069  
Loans receivable
    3,205,505       3,132,055       3,293,331       3,224,112  
FHLB stock
    37,371       37,371       37,371       37,371  
Bank-owned life insurance
    59,800       59,800       58,563       58,563  
Mortgage servicing rights
    6,202       6,202       5,584       5,584  
Derivatives
    8,098       8,098       6,284       6,284  
                                 
Liabilities:
                               
Demand, NOW and money market accounts
    1,589,716       1,522,791       1,555,561       1,487,080  
Regular savings
    664,736       630,020       669,596       630,450  
Certificates of deposit
    1,171,297       1,176,892       1,250,497       1,258,431  
FHLB advances at fair value
    10,423       10,423       10,533       10,533  
Junior subordinated debentures at fair value
    70,553       70,553       49,988       49,988  
Other borrowings
    90,030       90,030       152,128       152,128  
Derivatives
    8,146       8,146       6,283       6,283  
                                 
Off-balance-sheet financial instruments:
                               
Commitments to originate loans
    364       364       617       617  
Commitments to sell loans
    (414 )     (414 )     (617 )     (617 )


 
38

 
Fair value estimates, methods, assumptions and the level within the fair value hierarchy of the fair value measurements are set forth below for the Company’s financial and off-balance-sheet instruments:

Cash and Due from Banks:  The carrying amount of these items is a reasonable estimate of their fair value and management considers this to be a Level 1 measurement.

Securities:  The estimated fair values of investment securities and mortgaged-backed securities are priced using current active market quotes, if available, which are considered Level 1 measurements.  For most of the portfolio, matrix pricing based on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices is used to establish the fair value.  These measurements are considered Level 2.  Due to the increasing credit concerns in the capital markets and inactivity in the trust preferred markets that have limited the observability of market spreads for some of the Company’s TRUP CDO securities (see earlier discussion above in determining the securities’ fair market value), management has classified these securities as a Level 3 fair value measure.

Loans Receivable:  Fair values are estimated first by stratifying the portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics.  Loans are segregated by type such as multifamily real estate, residential mortgage, nonresidential mortgage, commercial/agricultural, consumer and other.  Each loan category is further segmented into fixed- and adjustable-rate interest terms and by performing and non-performing categories.  A preliminary estimate of fair value is then calculated based on discounted cash flows using as a discount rate the current rate offered on similar products, plus an adjustment for liquidity to reflect the non-homogeneous nature of the loans.  The preliminary estimate is then further reduced by the amount of the allowance for loan losses to arrive at a final estimate of fair value.  Fair value for significant non-performing loans is also based on recent appraisals or estimated cash flows discounted using rates commensurate with risk associated with the estimated cash flows.  Assumptions regarding credit risk, cash flows and discount rates are judgmentally determined using available market information and specific borrower information.  Management considers this to be a Level 3 measurement.

The fair value of performing residential mortgages held for sale is estimated based upon secondary market sources by type of loan and terms such as fixed or variable interest rates.  Management considers this to be a Level 2 measurement.

FHLB Stock:  The fair value is based upon the redemption value of the stock which equates to its carrying value.  Management considers this to be a Level 3 measurement.

Mortgage Servicing Rights:  Fair values are estimated based on current pricing for sales of servicing for new loans adjusted up or down based on the serviced loan’s interest rate versus current new loan rates.  Management considers this a Level 3 measurement.

Deposit Liabilities: The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as savings, checking and NOW accounts, is estimated by applying decay rate assumptions to segregated portfolios of similar deposit types to generate cash flows which are then discounted using short-term market interest rates.  The market value of certificates of deposit is based upon the discounted value of contractual cash flows.  The discount rate is determined using the rates currently offered on comparable instruments. Management considers this a Level 3 measurement.

FHLB Advances and Other Borrowings:  Fair valuations for Banner’s FHLB advances are estimated using fair market values provided by the lender, the FHLB of Seattle.  The FHLB of Seattle prices advances by discounting the future contractual cash flows for individual advances using its current cost of funds curve to provide the discount rate.  This is considered to be a Level 2 input method.  Other borrowings are priced using discounted cash flows to the date of maturity based on using current rates at which such borrowings can currently be obtained.

Junior Subordinated Debentures:  Due to the increasing credit concerns in the capital markets and inactivity in the trust preferred markets that have limited the observability of market spreads (see earlier discussion above in determining the junior subordinated debentures’ fair market value), junior subordinated debentures have been classified as a Level 3 fair value measure.  Management believes that the credit risk adjusted spread and resulting discount rate utilized is indicative of those that would be used by market participants.

Commitments:  Commitments to sell loans with notional balances of $84 million and $54 million at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, have a carrying value of $364,000 and $617,000, representing the fair value of such commitments.  Interest rate lock commitments to originate loans held for sale with notional balances of $84 million and $54 million at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, have a carrying value of ($414,000) and ($617,000).  The fair value of commitments to sell loans and of interest rate locks reflect changes in the level of market interest rates from the date of the commitment or rate lock to the date of the Company's financial statements.  Management considers this to be a Level 2 measurement.  Other commitments to fund loans totaled $854 million and $780 million at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, and have no carrying value at both dates.  There were no commitments to purchase securities at June 30, 2012, and no commitments to purchase securities at December 31, 2011.

Limitations: The fair value estimates presented herein are based on pertinent information available to management as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011.  Although management is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since that date and, therefore, current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.

Fair value estimates are based on existing on- and off-balance-sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business.  The fair value has not been estimated for assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments.  Significant assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments include the deferred tax assets/liabilities; land, buildings and equipment; costs in excess of net assets acquired; and REO.


 
39

 
Note 12:  INCOME TAXES AND DEFERRED TAXES

The following table reflects the effect of temporary differences that give rise to the components of the net deferred tax asset as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (in thousands):

   
June 30
   
December 31
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Deferred tax assets:
           
REO and loan loss reserves
  $ 29,534     $ 31,156  
Deferred compensation
    6,067       6,032  
Net operating loss carryforward
    23,000       27,992  
Low income housing tax credits
    7,622       7,202  
Other
    331       309  
Total deferred tax assets
    66,554       72,691  
                 
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
FHLB stock dividends
    (6,137 )     (6,137 )
Depreciation
    (3,444 )     (3,570 )
Deferred loan fees, servicing rights and loan origination costs
    (5,156 )     (4,863 )
Intangibles
    (1,864 )     (2,243 )
Financial instruments accounted for under fair value accounting
    (10,278 )     (16,499 )
Total deferred tax liabilities
    (26,879 )     (33,312 )
                 
Deferred income tax asset
    39,675       39,379  
                 
Unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale
    (1,103 )     (1,151 )
                 
Valuation allowance
    (7,000 )     (38,228 )
                 
Deferred tax asset, net
  $ 31,572     $ --  

During the quarter ended September 30, 2010, the Company evaluated its net deferred tax asset and determined it was prudent to establish a full valuation allowance against the net asset.  At each subsequent quarter-end, the Company has reanalyzed that position.  During the quarter ended June 30, 2012, the Company determined that a full valuation allowance was no longer appropriate and reversed essentially all of the valuation allowance.  The Company anticipates utilizing the remaining $7.0 million in valuation allowance to offset its tax expense in the third and fourth quarters of 2012.  The ultimate utilization of the remaining valuation allowance and realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the existence, or generation, of taxable income in the periods when those temporary differences and net operating loss and credit carryforwards are deductible.  Management considered the scheduled reversal of deferred tax assets and liabilities, taxes paid in carryback years, projected future taxable income, available tax planning strategies, and other factors in making its assessment to reverse the deferred tax valuation allowance.  As a result, the valuation allowance decreased to $7.0 million at June 30, 2012 from $38.2 million at December 31, 2011.

At June 30, 2012, the Company had federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $60.6 million and $18.1 million, respectively, which will expire, if unused, by the end of 2031.  The Company also has federal and state tax credit carryforwards of $6.9 million and $700,000, respectively, which will expire, if unused, by the end of 2032.

Retained earnings at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 include approximately $5.4 million in tax basis bad debt reserves for which no income tax liability has been recorded.  In the future, if this tax bad debt reserve is used for purposes other than to absorb bad debts or the Company no longer qualifies as a bank holding company or is completely liquidated, the Company will incur a federal tax liability at the then-prevailing corporate tax rate.  Based on current corporate tax rates, this amount would be approximately $1.9 million at June 30, 2012.


 
40

 
Note 13:  CALCULATION OF WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING FOR EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE (EPS)

The following table reconciles basic to diluted weighted shares outstanding used to calculate earnings per share data dollars and shares (in thousands, except per share data):

   
Three Months Ended
June 30
   
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                         
Net income (loss)
  $ 25,390     $ 2,199     $ 34,574     $ (5,643 )
                                 
Preferred stock dividend accrual
    1,550       1,550       3,100       3,100  
Preferred stock discount accretion
    454       425       908       851  
                                 
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders
  $ 23,386     $ 224     $ 30,566     $ (9,594 )
                                 
Basic weighted average shares outstanding
    18,404       16,535       18,052       16,404  
Plus unvested restricted stock
    40       --       34       --  
Diluted weighted shares outstanding
    18,444       16,535       18,086       16,404  
                                 
Earnings (loss) per common share
                               
Basic
  $ 1.27     $ 0.01     $ 1.69     $ (0.58 )
Diluted
  $ 1.27     $ 0.01     $ 1.69     $ (0.58 )

Options to purchase an additional 47,671 shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because their exercise price resulted in them being anti-dilutive.  Also, as of June 30, 2012, the warrant issued to the U.S. Treasury in the fourth quarter of 2008 to purchase up to 243,998 shares (post reverse-split) of common stock was not included in the computation of diluted EPS because the exercise price of the warrant was greater than the average market price of common shares.

Note 14:  STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS AND STOCK OPTIONS

The Company operates the following stock-based compensation plans as approved by the shareholders: the 1996 Stock Option Plan, the 1998 Stock Option Plan and the 2001 Stock Option Plan (collectively, SOPs).  In addition, during 2006 the Board of Directors approved the Banner Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan, an account-based benefit plan which for reporting purposes is considered a stock appreciation rights plan.  On April 24, 2012, shareholders approved the Banner Corporation 2012 Restricted Stock Plan.

Restricted Stock Grants. The Company granted shares of restricted common stock to Mark J. Grescovich, President and Chief Executive Officer of Banner Bank and Banner Corporation on August 22, 2010 and again on August 23, 2011.  The restricted shares were granted to Mr. Grescovich in accordance with his employment agreement, which, as an inducement material to his joining the Company and the Bank, provided for the granting of restricted shares on the six-month and the 18-month anniversaries of the effective date of the agreement.  The shares vest in one-third annual increments over the subsequent three-year periods following the grants.  The expense associated with this restricted stock was $42,000 and $83,000, respectively, for the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2012 and was $21,000 and $42,000, respectively, for the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2011.  Unrecognized compensation expense for these awards as of June 30, 2012 was $292,000 and will be amortized over the next 26 months. 

Under the 2012 Restricted Stock Plan, which was approved on April 24, 2012, the Company is authorized to issue up to 300,000 shares of its common stock to provide a means for attracting and retaining highly skilled officers of Banner Corporation and its affiliates.  Shares granted under the Plan have a minimum vesting period of three years.  The Plan will continue in effect for a term of ten years, after which no further awards may be granted.  Concurrent with the approval of the Plan was the approval of a grant of $300,000 of restricted stock to Mark J. Grescovich, President and Chief Executive Officer of Banner Corporation and Banner Bank.  Those shares also vest in one-third annual increments over the subsequent three-year period following the grant.  The expense associated with this restricted stock was $17,000 for the three and six-month period ended June 30, 2012.  Unrecognized compensation expense for this grant as of June 30, 2012 was $283,000 and will be amortized over the next 34 months.  In June 2012, the Board of Directors approved grants of 76,500 restricted shares to certain other officers of the Company, to be effective July 2, 2012, that will vest in one-third increments over a three-year period.

Stock Options.  Under the SOPs, Banner reserved 2,284,186 shares for issuance pursuant to the exercise of stock options to be granted to directors and employees.  Authority to grant additional options under the 1996 Stock Option Plan terminated on July 26, 2006.  Authority to grant additional options under the 1998 Stock Option Plan terminated on July 24, 2008 with all options having been granted.  Authority to grant additional options under the 2001 Stock Option Plan terminated on April 20, 2011.  The exercise price of the stock options is set at 100% of the fair market value of the stock price on the date of grant.  Options granted vest at a rate of 20% per year from the date of grant and any unexercised incentive stock options will expire ten years after date of grant or 90 days after employment or service ends.

During the quarters and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, the Company did not grant any stock options.  Additionally, there were no significant modifications made to any stock option grants during the period.  The fair values of stock options granted are amortized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the grant.  Stock-based compensation costs related to the SOPs were $3,000 and $10,000 for the quarters ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  For the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, stock-based compensation costs related to the SOPs were $6,000 and $18,000, respectively.  The SOPs’ stock option grant compensation costs are generally based on the fair value calculated from the Black-Scholes option pricing on the date of the grant award.  The Black-Scholes model assumes an expected stock price volatility based on the historical volatility at the date of the grant and an expected term based on the remaining contractual life of the vesting period.  The Company bases the estimate of risk-free interest rate on the U.S. Treasury Constant Maturities Indices in effect at the time of the grant.  The dividend yield is based on the current quarterly dividend in effect at the time of the grant.
 
 
 
41

 
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, there were no exercises of stock options.  Cash was not used to settle any equity instruments previously granted.  The Company issues shares from authorized but unissued shares upon the exercise of stock options.  The Company does not currently expect to repurchase shares from any source to satisfy such obligations under the SOPs.

Banner Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan:  In June 2006, the Board of Directors adopted the Banner Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan (the Plan) effective July 1, 2006.  The Plan is an account-based type of benefit, the value of which is directly related to changes in the value of Company stock, dividends declared on the Company stock and changes in Banner Bank’s average earnings rate, and is considered a stock appreciation right (SAR).  Each SAR entitles the holder to receive cash, upon vesting, equal to the excess of the fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock on the date of exercise over the fair market value of such share on the date granted plus for some grants the dividends declared on the stock from the date of grant to the date of vesting.  On April 27, 2008, the Board of Directors amended the Plan and also authorized the repricing of certain awards to non-executive officers based upon the price of Banner Corporation’s common stock three business days following the public announcement of the Company’s earnings for the quarter ended March 31, 2008.  The primary objective of the Plan is to create a retention incentive by allowing officers who remain with the Company or the Banks for a sufficient period of time to share in the increases in the value of Company stock.  Detailed information with respect to the Plan and the amendments to the Plan were disclosed on Forms 8-K filed with SEC on July 19, 2006 and May 6, 2008.  The Company re-measures the fair value of SARs each reporting period until the award is settled and compensation expense is recognized each reporting period for changes in fair value and vesting.  To adjust for a change in its estimated liability pursuant to the Plan, the Company recognized a compensation benefit of $60,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2012 and a total compensation expense of $76,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2012.  During 2011, the Company recognized compensation expense of $66,000 and $88,000 for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2011, respectively.  At June 30, 2012, the aggregate liability related to SARs was $411,000 and is included in deferred compensation.

Note 15:  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk

We have financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk generated in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers.  These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, commitments related to standby letters of credit, commitments to originate loans held for sale and commitments to sell loans secured by one- to four residential properties.  These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk similar to the risk involved in on-balance sheet items recognized in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Our exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument from commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual notional amount of those instruments.  We use the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as for on-balance-sheet instruments.

As of June 30, 2012, outstanding commitments for which no liability has been recorded consisted of the following (in thousands):

   
Contract or
Notional
Amount
 
       
Commitments to extend credit
  $ 847,593  
Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees
    6,021  
Commitments to originate loans held for sale
    83,778  
Commitments to sell loans secured by one- to four residential properties
    83,598  
         


Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer, as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee.  Many of the commitments may expire without being drawn upon; therefore, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.  Each customer’s creditworthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis.  Any collateral obtained, if deemed necessary upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee a customer’s performance or payment to a third party.  The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.

Interest rates on residential one- to four-family mortgage loan applications are typically rate locked (committed) to customers during the application stage for periods ranging from 30 to 60 days, the most typical period being 45 days. Traditionally these loan applications with rate lock commitments had the pricing for the sale of these loans locked with various qualified investors under a best-efforts delivery program at or near the time the interest rate is locked with the customer. The Banks then attempted to deliver these loans before their rate locks expired. This arrangement generally required delivery of the loans prior to the expiration of the rate lock. Delays in funding the loans required a lock extension. The cost of a lock extension at times was borne by the customer and at times by the Banks. These lock extension costs have not had a material impact to our operations. In the second quarter, the Company also began entering into forward commitments at specific prices and settlement dates to deliver either: 1) residential mortgage loans for purchase by secondary market investors (i.e., Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae), or 2) mortgage-backed securities to broker/dealers. The purpose of these forward commitments is to offset the movement in  interest rates between the execution of its residential mortgage rate lock commitments with borrowers and the sale of those loans to the secondary market investor. There were no counterparty default losses on forward contracts in the three months ended June 30, 2012. Market risk with respect to forward contracts arises principally from changes in the value of contractual positions due to changes in interest rates. We limit our exposure to market risk by monitoring differences between commitments to customers and forward contracts with market investors and securities broker/dealers. In 
 
 
42

 
the event we have forward delivery contract commitments in excess of available mortgage loans, the transaction is completed by either paying or receiving a fee to or from the investor or broker/dealer equal to the increase or decrease in the market value of the forward contract.

The Company has stand-alone derivative instruments in the form of interest rate swap agreements, which derive their value from underlying interest rates.  These transactions involve both credit and market risk.  The notional amount is the amount on which calculations, payments, and the value of the derivative are based.  The notional amount does not represent direct credit exposure.  Direct credit exposure is limited to the net difference between the calculated amount to be received and paid.  This difference represents the fair value of the derivative instrument.
 
The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty to these agreements.  Credit risk of the financial contract is controlled through the credit approval, limits, and monitoring procedures and management does not expect the counterparty to fail its obligations.

Information pertaining to outstanding interest rate swaps at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 follows (dollars in thousands):

   
June 30
   
December 31
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
             
Notional amount
  $ 162,925     $ 117,110  
Weighted average pay rate
    4.64 %     4.66 %
Weighted average receive rate
    4.05 %     3.85 %
Weighted average maturity in years
    7.7       7.7  
Unrealized gain included in total loans
  $ 3,569     $ 3,559  
Unrealized gain included in other assets
  $ 4,165     $ 2,108  
Unrealized loss included in other liabilities
  $ 7,732     $ 5,666  

At June 30, 2012, the Company’s interest rate swap agreements are with the Pacific Coast Bankers Bank, Wells Fargo, N.A., Credit Suisse, and various loan customers.





 
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ITEM 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Executive Overview

We are a bank holding company incorporated in the State of Washington and own two subsidiary banks, Banner Bank and Islanders Bank. Banner Bank is a Washington-chartered commercial bank that conducts business from its main office in Walla Walla, Washington and, as of June 30, 2012, its 86 branch offices and seven loan production offices located in Washington, Oregon and Idaho.  Islanders Bank is also a Washington-chartered commercial bank and conducts its business from three locations in San Juan County, Washington.  Banner Corporation is subject to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the Federal Reserve Board).  Banner Bank and Islanders Bank (the Banks) are subject to regulation by the Washington State Department of Financial Institutions, Division of Banks and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the FDIC).  As of June 30, 2012, we had total consolidated assets of $4.2 billion, total loans of $3.2 billion, total deposits of $3.4 billion and total stockholders’ equity of $587 million.

Banner Bank is a regional bank which offers a wide variety of commercial banking services and financial products to individuals, businesses and public sector entities in its primary market areas.  Islanders Bank is a community bank which offers similar banking services to individuals, businesses and public entities located in the San Juan Islands.  The Banks’ primary business is that of traditional banking institutions, accepting deposits and originating loans in locations surrounding their offices in portions of Washington, Oregon and Idaho.  Banner Bank is also an active participant in the secondary market, engaging in mortgage banking operations largely through the origination and sale of one- to four-family residential loans.  Lending activities include commercial business and commercial real estate loans, agriculture business loans, construction and land development loans, one- to four-family residential loans and consumer loans.

Banner Corporation’s continued successful execution of its strategic turnaround plan and return to profitability was punctuated in the second quarter of 2012 by management’s decision to reverse nearly all of the valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets, resulting in a $31.8 million tax benefit.  This decision reflects our confidence in the sustainability of our future profitability.  Further, as a result of our return to profitability, including the substantial recovery of our deferred tax asset, our improved asset quality and operating trends, strong capital position and our expectation for sustainable profitability for the foreseeable future, we also significantly reduced the credit portion of the discount rate utilized to estimate the fair value of the junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company.  As a result, the estimated fair value of our junior subordinated debentures increased by $21.2 million, accounting for most of the $19.1 million net charge before taxes for fair value adjustments for the current quarter.  Changes in these two significant accounting estimates, while substantial, represent non-cash valuation adjustments that have no effect on our liquidity or our ability to fund our operations.

Despite weak economic conditions and ongoing strains in the financial and housing markets which have created an unusually challenging banking environment for an extended period, the Company experienced marked improvement in 2011 which continued in the first half of 2012.  Reflecting substantially reduced credit costs and significant improvement in our net interest margin, we returned to profitability in 2011 and demonstrated further progress and increased profitability in the first two quarters of 2012.  For the quarter ended June 30, 2012, we had net income of $25.4 million which, after providing for the preferred stock dividend and related discount accretion, resulted in a net income available to common shareholders of $23.4 million, or $1.27 per diluted share, compared to a net income to common shareholders of $224,000, or $0.01 per diluted share, for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.  For the six months ended June 30, 2012, our net income to common shareholders was $30.6 million, or $1.69 per common share, compared to a net loss of $9.6 million, or $(0.58) per common share for the same period a year earlier.  Although economic conditions have improved in recent periods resulting in a material decrease in credit costs, the pace of recovery has been modest and uneven and ongoing stress in the economy, reflected in high unemployment, tepid consumer spending, modest loan demand and very low interest rates, will likely continue to be challenging going forward.  As a result, our future operating results and financial performance will be significantly affected by the course of recovery from the recessionary downturn.  Nonetheless, over the past two years we have significantly improved our risk profile by aggressively managing and reducing our problem assets, which has resulted in lower credit costs and stronger revenues, allowing us to substantially eliminate the valuation allowance for our deferred tax assets, and which we believe will lead to further improved operating results in future periods.

Our provision for loan losses was $4.0 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $5.0 million in the prior quarter, still above our historical levels but substantially less than the $8.0 million recorded in the second quarter of the prior year.  The decrease from a year earlier reflects significant progress in reducing the levels of delinquencies, non-performing loans and net charge-offs, particularly for loans for the construction of one- to four-family homes and for acquisition and development of land for residential properties.  From 2008 through 2011, higher than historical provision for loan losses was the most significant factor adversely affecting our operating results; however, the significant decrease in non-performing assets has resulted in much lower provisioning in 2012.  Looking forward, we believe additional reductions in credit costs will contribute to further improved operating results.  (See Note 7, Loans Receivable and the Allowance for Loan Losses, as well as “Asset Quality” below in this Form 10-Q.)

Aside from the level of loan loss provision, our operating results depend primarily on our net interest income, which is the difference between interest income on interest-earning assets, consisting of loans and investment securities, and interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities, composed primarily of customer deposits and borrowings.  Net interest income is primarily a function of our interest rate spread, which is the difference between the yield earned on interest-earning assets and the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities, as well as a function of the average balances of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.  As more fully explained below, our net interest income before provision for loan losses increased to $42.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $41.2 million for the same quarter one year earlier, primarily as a result of expansion of our net interest spread and net interest margin due to a lower cost of funds and a reduction in the adverse impact of non-performing assets.  For the six months ended June 30, 2012, net interest income before provision for loan losses was $83.4 million, an increase of $2.2 million, or 3%, compared to the same period in 2011.  The continuing trend to lower funding costs reflects a further decline in interest expense on deposits driven by significant changes in our deposit mix and pricing.  This decrease in deposit costs and the reduction in the adverse impact of non-performing assets represent important improvements in our core operating fundamentals.  The increase in net interest income occurred despite a modest decline in average earning assets, as we continued to focus on reducing our non-performing loans and make changes in our mix of assets and liabilities designed to reduce our risk profile and produce more sustainable earnings.
 
 
 
44

 
Our net income also is affected by the level of our other operating income, including deposit fees and service charges, loan origination and servicing fees, and gains and losses on the sale of loans and securities, as well as our non-interest operating expenses and income tax provisions.  In addition, our net income is affected by the net change in the value of certain financial instruments carried at fair value and in certain periods by other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) charges or recoveries.  (See Note 11 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.) Primarily as a result of the substantial adjustment to the estimated fair value of our junior subordinated debentures, for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, we recorded a net loss of $19.1 million in fair value adjustments compared to a net gain of $1.9 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.  We did not record any OTTI charges or recoveries in either period.

As a result of the fair value adjustments, our other operating income (loss) for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 reflected a net loss of $9.1 million, compared to a net income of $9.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.  However, other operating income, excluding fair value adjustments, was $10.0 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $7.3 million in the second quarter a year earlier.  Including the fair value adjustments, our total revenues (net interest income before the provision for loan losses plus other operating income) for the second quarter of 2012 were $33.2 million, compared to $50.5 million for the second quarter of 2011.  Revenues, excluding fair value adjustments, increased $3.8 million, or 8%, to $52.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $48.5 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.  This growth in core revenues was the result of meaningful increases in our net interest income and deposit fees and a substantial increase in revenues from mortgage banking activities.  For the six months ended June 30, 2012, revenues, excluding fair value adjustments and OTTI losses, increased $7.1 million to $102.7 million compared to $95.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, also primarily as a result of increased net interest income.

Our other operating expenses decreased to $35.7 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $40.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2011, largely as a result of decreased costs related to real estate owned and FDIC deposit insurance which were partially offset by increased compensation expenses.  While significantly lower in 2012 than in 2011, both quarters’ expenses reflect significant costs associated with problem loan collection activities including professional services and valuation charges related to real estate owned, which should decline in future periods as a result of the continuing reduction in non-performing assets.  For the six months ended June 30, 2012, other operating expenses totaled $73.6 million, compared to $78.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, with the decrease also primarily reflecting decreased REO valuation adjustments and deposit insurance costs.  See “Comparison of Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011” for more detailed information about our financial performance.

As a result of substantially reducing the valuation allowance for our net deferred tax asset, we recognized $31.8 million of tax benefit in the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2012.  For the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2011, our tax expense and benefit were offset by adjustments to the valuation allowance.  Reflecting the fair value adjustments described above for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, we had a pre-tax net loss of $6.4 million. Excluding the fair value adjustments, our pre-tax net income for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 would have been $12.6 million. By contrast, for the quarter ended June 30, 2011, we had pre-tax net income of $2.2 million ($260,000 excluding fair value adjustments). For the six months ended June 30, 2012, we had pre-tax net income of $2.7 million ($20.1 million excluding fair value adjustments) compared to a pre-tax net loss of $5.6 million (a net loss of $7.8 million excluding fair value adjustments) for the six months ended June 30, 2011.

Other operating income, revenues and other earnings information excluding fair value adjustments and OTTI losses are non-GAAP financial measures.  Management has presented these and other non-GAAP financial measures in this discussion and analysis because it believes that they provide useful and comparative information to assess trends in our core operations.  Where applicable, we have also presented comparable earnings information using GAAP financial measures.  Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures are contained in the tables below.  See “Comparison of Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011” for more detailed information about our financial performance.

The following tables set forth reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures discussed in this report (dollars in thousands):

   
For the Three Months Ended
June 30
   
For the Six Months Ended
 June 30
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
                         
Total other operating income (loss)
  $ (9,064 )   $ 9,253     $ 1,907     $ 16,499  
Exclude change in valuation of financial instruments carried
at fair value
    19,059       (1,939 )     17,374       (2,195 )
                                 
Total other operating income, excluding fair value adjustments
  $ 9,995     $ 7,314     $ 19,281     $ 14,304  
                                 
Net interest income before provision for loan losses
  $ 42,290     $ 41,201     $ 83,416     $ 81,257  
Total other operating income (loss)
    (9,064 )     9,253       1,907       16,499  
Change in valuation of financial instruments carried at fair value
    19,059       (1,939 )     17,374       (2,195 )
                                 
Total revenues, excluding fair value adjustments
  $ 52,285     $ 48,515     $ 102,697     $ 95,561  
                                 
Net income (loss)
  $ 25,390     $ 2,199     $ 34,574     $ (5,643 )
Income tax expense (benefit)
    (31,830 )     --       (31,830 )     --  
Income (loss) before income taxes
    (6,440 )     2,199       2,744       (5,643 )
Net change in valuation of financial instruments carried at
fair value
    19,059       (1,939 )     17,374       (2,195 )
                                 
Pre-tax net earnings (loss), excluding fair value adjustments
  $ 12,619     $ 260     $ 20,118     $ (7,838 )

 
 
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The ratio of tangible common stockholders’ equity to tangible assets is also a non-GAAP financial measure.  We calculate tangible common equity by excluding other intangible assets and preferred equity from stockholders’ equity.  We calculate tangible assets by excluding the balance of other intangible assets from total assets.  We believe that this is consistent with the treatment by our bank regulatory agencies, which exclude goodwill and other intangible assets from the calculation of risk-based capital ratios.  In addition, excluding preferred equity, the level of which may vary from company to company, allows investors to more easily compare our capital adequacy to other companies in the industry that also use this measure.  Management believes that this non-GAAP financial measure provides information to investors that is useful in understanding the basis of our capital position.  However, this non-GAAP financial measure is supplemental and is not a substitute for any analysis based on GAAP.  Because not all companies use the same calculation of tangible common equity and tangible assets, this presentation may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures as calculated by other companies (dollars in thousands).

   
June 30
2012
   
December 31
2011
   
June 30
2011
 
                   
Stockholders’ equity
  $ 587,192     $ 532,450     $ 511,026  
Other intangible assets, net
    5,252       6,331       7,442  
Tangible equity
    581,940       526,119       503,584  
                         
Preferred equity
    121,610       120,702       119,851  
                         
Tangible common stockholders’ equity
  $ 460,330     $ 405,417     $ 383,733  
                         
Total assets
  $ 4,221,427     $ 4,257,312     $ 4,206,067  
Other intangible assets, net
    5,252       6,331       7,442  
                         
Tangible assets
  $ 4,216,175     $ 4,250,981     $ 4,198,625  
                         
Tangible common stockholders’ equity to tangible assets
    10.92 %     9.54 %     9.14 %

We offer a wide range of loan products to meet the demands of our customers. Historically, our lending activities have been primarily directed toward the origination of real estate and commercial loans.  Until recent periods, real estate lending activities were significantly focused on residential construction and first mortgages on owner-occupied, one- to four-family residential properties; however, over the past four years our origination of construction and land development loans declined materially and the proportion of the portfolio invested in these types of loans has declined substantially.  Our residential mortgage loan originations also decreased during most of this cycle, although less significantly than the decline in construction and land development lending as exceptionally low interest rates supported demand for loans to refinance existing debt as well as loans to finance home purchases.  Refinancing activity has been particularly significant for the first six months of 2012, leading to a meaningful increase in residential mortgage originations compared to the same period a year earlier.  Our real estate lending activities also include the origination of multifamily and commercial real estate loans.  While reduced from periods prior to the economic slowdown, our level of activity and investment in these types of loans has been relatively stable in recent periods.  Our commercial business lending is directed toward meeting the credit and related deposit needs of various small- to medium-sized business and agri-business borrowers operating in our primary market areas.  Reflecting the weak economy, in recent periods demand for these types of commercial business loans has been modest and total outstanding balances have declined.  Our consumer loan activity is primarily directed at meeting demand from our existing deposit customers and, while we have increased our emphasis on consumer lending in recent years, demand for consumer loans also has been modest during this period of economic weakness as we believe many consumers have been focused on reducing their personal debt.  At June 30, 2012, our net loan portfolio totaled $3.132 billion compared to $3.213 billion at December 31, 2011.

Deposits, customer retail repurchase agreements and loan repayments are the major sources of our funds for lending and other investment purposes.  We generally attract deposits from within our primary market areas by offering a broad selection of deposit instruments, including demand checking accounts, negotiable order of withdrawal (NOW) accounts, money market deposit accounts, regular savings accounts, certificates of deposit, cash management services and retirement savings plans.  Deposit account terms vary according to the minimum balance required, the time periods the funds must remain on deposit and the interest rate, among other factors.  In determining the terms of deposit accounts, we consider current market interest rates, profitability, matching deposit and loan products, and customer preferences and concerns.  We compete with other financial institutions and financial intermediaries in attracting deposits and we generally attract deposits within our primary market areas.

Much of the focus of our strategic initiatives in recent periods has been directed toward attracting additional deposit customer relationships and balances.  The long-term success of our deposit gathering activities is reflected not only in the growth of transaction and savings accounts (checking, savings and money market accounts), but also in the interest cost of our deposits and increases in the level of deposit fees, service charges and other payment processing revenues compared to prior periods.  During the last two years, our total deposit balances decreased largely as a result of our decision to significantly reduce our exposure to brokered deposits and high cost certificates of deposit.  However, over the same period we have had a meaningful increase in transaction and savings accounts as we have remained focused on growing these core deposits.  As a result, our cost of deposits has declined significantly and fees and service charges have increased compared to earlier periods.  Total deposits at June 30, 2012 were $3.426 billion, compared to $3.476 billion at December 31, 2011 and $3.466 billion at June 30, 2011.  While certificates of deposit decreased $227 million compared to a year earlier, including a decrease of $50 million in brokered deposits, transaction and savings account deposits increased by $186 million over the same one-year period and represented 66% of total deposits at June 30, 2012 compared to 60% at June 30, 2011.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations is intended to assist in understanding our financial condition and results of operations.  The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
 
 
 
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Summary of Critical Accounting Policies

Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 included in the 2011 Form 10-K.  Various elements of our accounting policies, by their nature, are inherently subject to estimation techniques, valuation assumptions and other subjective assessments.  In particular, management has identified several accounting policies that, due to the judgments, estimates and assumptions inherent in those policies, are critical to an understanding of our financial statements.  These policies relate to (i) the methodology for the recognition of interest income, (ii) determination of the provision and allowance for loan and lease losses, (iii) the valuation of financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value, including other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses, (iv) the valuation of intangibles, such as core deposit intangibles and mortgage servicing rights, (v) the valuation of real estate held for sale and (vi) the valuation of or recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities.  These policies and judgments, estimates and assumptions are described in greater detail below.  Management believes that the judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the financial statements are appropriate based on the factual circumstances at the time.  However, given the sensitivity of the financial statements to these critical accounting policies, the use of other judgments, estimates and assumptions could result in material differences in our results of operations or financial condition.  Further, subsequent changes in economic or market conditions could have a material impact on these estimates and our financial condition and operating results in future periods.  There have been no significant changes in our application of accounting policies during the first six months of 2012; however, in the quarter ended June 30, 2012 we did recognize significant changes in the estimated fair value of certain financial assets and liabilities and substantially reduced the valuation allowance for our deferred tax assets.

Interest Income:  (Note 1) Interest on loans and securities is accrued as earned unless management doubts the collectability of the asset or the unpaid interest.  Interest accruals on loans are generally discontinued when loans become 90 days past due for payment of interest and the loans are then placed on nonaccrual status.  All previously accrued but uncollected interest is deducted from interest income upon transfer to nonaccrual status.  For any future payments collected, interest income is recognized only upon management’s assessment that there is a strong likelihood that the full amount of a loan will be repaid or recovered.  A loan may be put on nonaccrual status sooner than this policy would dictate if, in management’s judgment, the interest may be uncollectable.  While less common, similar interest reversal and nonaccrual treatment is applied to investment securities if their ultimate collectability becomes questionable.

Provision and Allowance for Loan Losses:  (Note 7)  The provision for loan losses reflects the amount required to maintain the allowance for losses at an appropriate level based upon management’s evaluation of the adequacy of general and specific loss reserves.  The Company maintains an allowance for loan losses consistent in all material respects with the GAAP guidelines outlined in ASC 450, Contingencies.  The Company has established systematic methodologies for the determination of the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses.  The methodologies are set forth in a formal policy and take into consideration the need for an overall general valuation allowance as well as specific allowances that are tied to individual problem loans.  We increase our allowance for loan losses by charging provisions for probable loan losses against our income and value impaired loans consistent with the accounting guidelines outlined in ASC 310, Receivables.

The allowance for losses on loans is maintained at a level sufficient to provide for probable losses based on evaluating known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio and upon our continuing analysis of the factors underlying the quality of the loan portfolio.  These factors include, among others, changes in the size and composition of the loan portfolio, delinquency rates, actual loan loss experience, current and anticipated economic conditions, detailed analysis of individual loans for which full collectability may not be assured, and determination of the existence and realizable value of the collateral and guarantees securing the loans.  Realized losses related to specific assets are applied as a reduction of the carrying value of the assets and charged immediately against the allowance for loan loss reserve.  Recoveries on previously charged off loans are credited to the allowance.  The reserve is based upon factors and trends identified by us at the time financial statements are prepared.  Although we use the best information available, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary due to economic, operating, regulatory and other conditions beyond our control.  The adequacy of general and specific reserves is based on our continuing evaluation of the pertinent factors underlying the quality of the loan portfolio, including changes in the size and composition of the loan portfolio, delinquency rates, actual loan loss experience and current economic conditions, as well as individual review of certain large balance loans.  Large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment.  Loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment include residential real estate and consumer loans and, as appropriate, smaller balance non-homogeneous loans.  Larger balance non-homogeneous residential construction and land, commercial real estate, commercial business loans and unsecured loans are individually evaluated for impairment.  Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, we determine that it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Factors involved in determining impairment include, but are not limited to, the financial condition of the borrower, the value of the underlying collateral and the current status of the economy.  Impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or, as a practical expedient, at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.  Subsequent changes in the value of impaired loans are included within the provision for loan losses in the same manner in which impairment initially was recognized or as a reduction in the provision that would otherwise be reported.

Our methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance consists of several key elements, which include specific allowances, an allocated formula allowance and an unallocated allowance.  Losses on specific loans are provided for when the losses are probable and estimable.  General loan loss reserves are established to provide for inherent loan portfolio risks not specifically provided for.  The level of general reserves is based on analysis of potential exposures existing in our loan portfolio including evaluation of historical trends, current market conditions and other relevant factors identified by us at the time the financial statements are prepared.  The formula allowance is calculated by applying loss factors to outstanding loans, excluding those loans that are subject to individual analysis for specific allowances.  Loss factors are based on our historical loss experience adjusted for significant environmental considerations, including the experience of other banking organizations, which in our judgment affect the collectability of the portfolio as of the evaluation date.  In the quarter ended June 30, 2012, we refined our formula for environmental considerations to allow for a broader range of adjustments to the historical loss factors, resulting in a modest shift in the allowance from the unallocated portion to amounts allocated to various loan types.  The unallocated allowance is based upon our evaluation of various factors that are not directly measured in the determination of the formula and specific allowances.  This methodology may result in losses or recoveries differing significantly from those provided in the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
47

 
While we believe the estimates and assumptions used in our determination of the adequacy of the allowance are reasonable, there can be no assurance that such estimates and assumptions will not be proven incorrect in the future, or that the actual amount of future provisions will not exceed the amount of past provisions or that any increased provisions that may be required will not adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.  In addition, the determination of the amount of the Banks’ allowance for loan losses is subject to review by bank regulators as part of the routine examination process, which may result in the adjustment of reserves based upon their judgment of information available to them at the time of their examination.

Fair Value Accounting and Measurement: (Note 11) We use fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain financial assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures.  We include in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements information about the extent to which fair value is used to measure financial assets and liabilities, the valuation methodologies used and the impact on our results of operations and financial condition.  Additionally, for financial instruments not recorded at fair value we disclose, where appropriate, our estimate of their fair value.  For the quarter ended June 30, 2012, we recognized a significant adjustment for the estimated fair value of certain trust preferred securities owned by the Company and a much larger adjustment to the estimated fair value of the junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company.  Primarily as a result of these changes, we recognized a $19.1 million net charge before taxes for the fair value adjustments in the current quarter.  For more information regarding fair value accounting, please refer to Note 11 in the Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report on Form 10-Q.

Intangible Assets:  (Note 9) Intangible assets consist primarily of core deposit intangibles, which is the value ascribed to the long-term deposit relationships arising from acquisitions.  Core deposit intangibles are being amortized on an accelerated basis over a weighted average estimated useful life of eight years.  These assets are reviewed at least annually for events or circumstances that could impact their recoverability.  These events could include loss of the underlying core deposits, increased competition or adverse changes in the economy.  To the extent other identifiable intangible assets are deemed unrecoverable, impairment losses are recorded in other non-interest expense to reduce the carrying amount of the assets.

Real Estate Held for Sale:  (Note 8) Property acquired by foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure is recorded at fair value, less cost to sell.  Development and improvement costs relating to the property are capitalized.  The carrying value of the property is periodically evaluated by management and, if necessary, allowances are established to reduce the carrying value to net realizable value.  Gains or losses at the time the property is sold are charged or credited to operations in the period in which they are realized.  The amounts the Banks will ultimately recover from real estate held for sale may differ substantially from the carrying value of the assets because of market factors beyond the Banks’ control or because of changes in the Banks’ strategies for recovering the investment.

Income Taxes and Deferred Taxes:  (Note 12) The Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries file consolidated U.S. federal income tax returns, as well as state income tax returns in Oregon and Idaho.  Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method.  Under this method a deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the enacted tax rates which are expected to be in effect when the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax basis of existing assets and liabilities are expected to be reported in the Company’s income tax returns.  The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.  Under GAAP (ASC 740), a valuation allowance is required to be recognized if it is “more likely than not” that all or a portion of our deferred tax assets will not be realized.  During the quarter ended September 30, 2010, the Company evaluated its net deferred tax asset and determined it was necessary to establish a full valuation allowance against the net asset.  At each subsequent quarter-end, the Company has re-analyzed that decision.  During the quarter-ended June 30, 2012, management analyzed the Company’s performance and trends over the past five quarters, focusing strongly on trends in asset quality, loan loss provisioning, capital position, net interest margin, core operating income and net income.  Based on this analysis, management determined that a full valuation allowance was no longer appropriate and reversed nearly all of the amount that had been recorded.  The Company anticipates utilizing the remaining $7.0 million in valuation allowance to offset its projected tax expense in the third and fourth quarters of 2012.  The ultimate utilization of the remaining valuation allowance and realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the existence, or generation, of taxable income in the periods when those temporary differences and net operating loss and credit carryforwards are deductible.  Management considered the scheduled reversal of deferred tax assets, taxes paid in carryback years, projected future taxable income, available tax planning strategies, and other factors in making its assessment to reverse the deferred tax valuation allowance.  As a result, the valuation allowance decreased to $7.0 million at June 30, 2012 from $38.2 million at December 31, 2011  See Note 12 of the Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information

Comparison of Financial Condition at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011

General.  Total assets decreased $36 million, or 1%, to $4.221 billion at June 30, 2012, from $4.257 billion at December 31, 2011.  Net loans receivable (gross loans less loans in process, deferred fees and discounts, and allowance for loan losses) decreased $81 million, or 3%, to $3.132 billion at June 30, 2012, from $3.213 billion at December 31, 2011.  The contraction in net loans was largely due to decreases of $35 million in one- to four-family residential loans, $18 million in land and land development loans, $9 million in multifamily real estate loans and $6 million in agricultural business loans.  Partially offsetting these decreases was an $13 million increase in one- to four-family construction loans.  The decrease in agricultural business loans primarily reflects a normal seasonal pattern of first quarter paydowns of operating lines, which significantly reversed in the current quarter, while the decrease in real estate loans is largely the result of accelerated prepayments in the current low interest rate environment.  Consistent with recent periods, demand for consumer loans remained modest and utilization of existing credit lines for commercial borrowers continued to be low.  In addition, the decrease in aggregate loan balances reflects further planned reductions in land and land development loans, as well as our continued efforts to reduce our exposure to certain weaker credits as we aggressively manage problem assets.  Importantly, the decrease in total assets also reflects a $17 million decrease in real estate owned.  The $33 million increase in other assets primarily reflects the reduction in the valuation allowance for our deferred tax assets.  As a result of incurring an extended period of operating losses, we established a valuation allowance for all of our net deferred tax assets in September 2010.  As a result of our return to profitability for the last five quarters and our expectation for sustainable profitability for the foreseeable future, we reversed most of the valuation allowance in the current quarter.  We expect to utilize the remaining $7.0 million balance of the valuation allowance to offset tax expense in the third and fourth quarters of 2012.
 
 
 
48

 
We continue to maintain a significant, although meaningfully decreased, investment in construction and land loans; however, new originations of these types of loans during the past four years has been restrained by unfavorable market conditions.  As a result of the much slower pace of new originations and continuing payoffs on existing loans, transfers to REO and charge-offs, loans to finance the construction of one- to four-family residential real estate, which totaled $157 million at June 30, 2012, have decreased by $498 million, or 76%, since their peak quarter-end balance of $655 million at June 30, 2007.  In addition, land and land development loans (both residential and commercial) have decreased by $407 million, or 81%, compared to their peak quarter-end balances at March 31, 2008.  Given the current housing and economic environment, we anticipate that the aggregate total of construction and land loan balances will remain low for the foreseeable future, although the pace of decline has moderated as our origination of new construction loans has increased somewhat since inventories of completed homes have been reduced and the build out of existing development projects has been cautiously continued in selected markets.

The aggregate balance of interest-earning deposits and securities increased $38 million from December 31, 2011 to $759 million at June 30, 2012.  Interest-earning deposits increased by $77 million during the first six months of the year to $133 million while total securities decreased $25 million, to $597 million at June 30, 2012 compared to $622 million at December 31, 2011.  The decrease in securities was principally a result of calls of U.S. Government and agency securities, which were partially offset by an increase in mortgage-related securities and asset-backed securities collateralized by student loans and guaranteed by SLMA.  Securities acquired during this period generally have expected maturities ranging from six months to six years and were purchased to generate a modest increase in yield compared to interest-bearing cash balances.  With the exception of certain trust preferred securities, aggregate fair value adjustments to the securities portfolio were modest during the first six months of 2012 and we did not recognize any OTTI charges during the first six months of 2012 or 2011. (See Note 11 of the Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, Fair Value Accounting and Measurement, in this Form 10-Q.)

REO acquired through foreclosures or other means decreased $17 million, to $26 million at June 30, 2012, from $43 million at December 31, 2011.  The total balance of REO included $15 million in construction, land or land development projects (both residential and commercial), $3 million in commercial real estate and $8 million in single-family homes at June 30, 2012.  During the six months ended June 30, 2012, we transferred $8 million of loans into REO, disposed of $23 million of properties and recognized $3 million in charges against earnings for net losses on sales and valuation adjustments (see “Asset Quality” discussion below).

Deposits decreased $50 million, to $3.426 billion at June 30, 2012 from $3.476 billion at December 31, 2011.  The decrease in deposits during this period continued to be primarily the result of our pricing decisions designed to shift our deposit portfolio into lower cost checking, savings and money market accounts, and allow higher rate certificates of deposit to run-off.  Non-interest-bearing deposit balances recovered in the second quarter from a normal seasonal decline in the first quarter and, as a result, non-interest-bearing deposits increased by $27 million during the first six months to $805 million at June 30, 2012, from $778 million at December 31, 2011.  At June 30, 2012, non-interest-bearing deposits had increased by $159 million, or 25%, compared to June 30, 2011.  Interest-bearing deposits decreased by $77 million during the first six months of 2012, to $2.621 billion at June 30, 2012 from $2.698 billion at December 31, 2011 and were $199 million less than a year earlier.  Certificates of deposit decreased by $79 million during the first six months of 2012, while interest-bearing transaction and savings accounts increased by $2 million during the same period.  Total transaction and savings accounts, often referred to as core deposits, represented 66% of total deposits at June 30, 2012 as compared to 64% of total deposits at December 31, 2011.

Borrowings, including customer sweep accounts (retail repurchase agreements), FHLB advances and junior subordinated debentures, decreased $42 million, or 20%, to $171 million at June 30, 2012, compared to $213 million at December 31, 2011.  The decrease in borrowings primarily reflects the maturity and repayment at March 31, 2012 of $50 million of three-year notes guaranteed by the FDIC under the Temporary Liquidity Guaranty Program (TLGP).  While these notes provided valuable funding during an earlier period of liquidity uncertainty, the interest rates were significantly above current rates and repaying these notes had a positive effect on our cost of funds in the current quarter.

Reflecting our return to profitability, including the reversal of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance, our further improved asset quality and our expectation for sustainable profitability for the foreseeable future, we significantly reduced the credit portion of the discount rate utilized to estimate the fair value of our junior subordinated debentures.  As a result, the estimated value of our junior subordinated debentures increased by $20.6 million during the first six months of 2012.  Changes in the fair value of the junior subordinated debentures, while substantial during the first six months of 2012, represent non-cash valuation adjustments that have no effect on our liquidity or ability to fund our operations.  (See Note 11 of the Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, Fair Value Accounting and Measurement, in this Form 10-Q.)

Total equity at June 30, 2012 increased $55 million, or 10%, to $587 million from $532 million at December 31, 2011.  The increase in equity reflects the impact of the net income available to common shareholders of $30.6 million as well as the receipt of $23.7 million in new capital related to the issuance of 1,236,812 new shares of common stock through our Dividend Reinvestment and Direct Stock Purchase and Sale Plan.

Comparison of Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011

Following three difficult years and despite a still challenging economy, Banner Corporation returned to profitability in 2011, and that progress and profitability continued in the first six months of 2012.  For the quarter ended June 30, 2012, we had net income of $25.4 million which, after providing for the preferred stock dividend of $1.6 million and related discount accretion of $454,000, resulted in net income available to common shareholders of $23.4 million, or $1.27 per diluted share.  This compares to a net income to common shareholders of $224,000, or $0.01 per diluted share, for the quarter ended June 30, 2011. For the six months ended June 30, 2012, our net income was $34.6 million which, after providing for the preferred stock dividend of $3.1 million and related discount accretion of $908,000, resulted in net income to common shareholders of $30.6 million, or $1.69 per diluted share.  This income compares to a net loss to common shareholders of $9.6 million, or ($0.58) per diluted share, during the same six-month period a year earlier.  While this return to profitability largely resulted from a material decrease in credit costs, particularly our provision for loan losses, it also reflected continued strong revenue generation from our core operations.  The current quarter and six month results also include a significant tax benefit from reversing most of the valuation allowance for our net deferred tax assets, as well as a substantial net charge for fair value adjustments primarily related to the valuation of our junior subordinated debentures.  The decrease in credit costs reflects a substantially reduced level of non-performing assets while the increase in net revenues was driven by significant improvement in our net interest income as well as increased deposit fees and other service charges fueled by growth in core deposits.  The current year’s results also reflect a significant increase in revenues from our mortgage banking operations.
 
 
 
49

 
Net Interest Income.  Aside from credit costs, our operating results depend largely on our net interest income before provision for loan losses which increased by $1.1 million, or 3% for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to the same quarter in the prior year, primarily because of substantial reductions in deposit costs and in the adverse effect of non-performing assets, both of which significantly contributed to an increase in the net interest margin.  Net interest income before provision for loan losses was $42.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $41.2 million for the same quarter one year earlier, as a result of the increase in the net interest margin and despite a decrease in average interest-earning assets.  The net interest margin of 4.26% for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 was 17 basis points higher than for the same quarter in the prior year, largely as a result of the effect of a much lower cost of deposits which more than offset a decrease in asset yields.  Nonaccruing loans reduced the margin by eight basis points during the quarter ended June 30, 2012, a meaningful improvement compared to a 23 basis point reduction for the same period in the prior year.  In addition, the collection of some previously unrecognized interest on certain nonaccrual loans added five basis points to the margin in the quarter ended June 30, 2012, while the repayment of the $50 million of TLGP notes on March 31, 2012 significantly lowered the cost of borrowings in the current quarter.  Improvement in our net interest margin generally has been the most important factor driving the year-over-year increases in net interest income and operating revenues in recent periods.

The positive impact to our net interest margin from lower funding costs and the reduced drag from non-performing assets was partially offset by the decrease in the average balance of interest-earning assets.  In addition, the mix of earning assets changed to include fewer loans and more securities over the past twelve months.  This change in the mix in the current very low interest rate environment has had an adverse effect on earning asset yields.  Reflecting the low interest rate environment and the changes in the asset mix, the yield on earning assets for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 decreased by 19 basis points compared to the same quarter in prior year.  Importantly, however, funding costs for the same period decreased by 37 basis points compared to a year earlier and more than offset the adverse effect of this lower asset yield.  As a result, the net interest spread expanded to 4.21% for the second quarter of 2012 compared to 4.03% for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.

Net interest income before provision for loan losses increased by $2.2 million, or 3%, to $83.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2012 compared to $81.3 million for the same period one year earlier, as a result of an 18 basis point increase in the net interest margin and despite a modest decrease in average interest-earning assets.  The net interest margin increased to 4.19% for the six months ended June 30, 2012 compared to 4.01% for the same period in the prior year and, similar to the results for the current quarter, this increase was largely as a result of the effect of much lower funding costs and fewer non-performing assets.  Nonaccruing loans reduced the margin by 11 basis points during the six months ended June 30, 2012,  compared to a 26 basis point reduction for the same period in the prior year.  These positive impacts on our net interest margin were only partially offset by the adverse effect of lower market rates on asset yields and the mix of changes noted above and below.

Interest Income.  Interest income for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 was $47.3 million, compared to $49.9 million for the same quarter in the prior year, a decrease of $2.6 million, or 5%.  The decrease in interest income occurred as a result of the decline in both the yield and average balance of interest-earnings assets.  The average balance of interest-earning assets was $3.991 billion for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, a decrease of $50 million, or 1%, compared to $4.041 billion one year earlier.  The yield on average interest-earning assets decreased to 4.76% for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to 4.95% for the same quarter one year earlier.  The decrease in the yield on earning assets reflects changes in the mix of assets and the continuing erosion of yields as loans and investments mature or prepay and are replaced by lower yielding assets in the current low interest rate environment.  Average loans receivable for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 decreased $101 million, or 3%, to $3.232 billion, compared to $3.333 billion for the same quarter in the prior year.  Interest income on loans decreased by $2.8 million, or 6%, to $44.0 million for the current quarter from $46.8 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2011, reflecting the impact of a 16 basis point decrease in the average yield on loans, along with the $101 million decrease in average loan balances.  The average yield on loans was 5.48% for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to 5.64% for the same quarter one year earlier.

Interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2012 was $94.5 million, compared to $99.6 million for the same period in the prior year, a decrease of $5.1 million, or 5%.  As with quarterly results, the year-to-date results reflect both a $75 million decrease in the average balance of interest-earning assets and an 18 basis point reduction in the related yield.

The combined average balance of mortgage-backed securities, investment securities, and daily interest-bearing deposits increased to $759 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 (excluding the effect of fair value adjustments), compared to $707 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2011, and the interest and dividend income from those investments increased by $183,000 compared to the same quarter in the prior year.  The average yield on the combined portfolio decreased to 1.71% for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, from 1.72% for the same quarter one year earlier.  The modest decrease in the combined yield on these investments, despite declining market interest rates, reflects a change in the mix to include lower balances of daily interest-bearing deposits and more investment securities, which helped to offset the adverse impact of lower market rates.

Interest Expense.  Interest expense for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 was $5.0 million, compared to $8.7 million for the same quarter in the prior year, a decrease of $3.7 million, or 43%.  The decrease in interest expense occurred as a result of a 37 basis point decrease in the average cost of all interest-bearing liabilities to 0.55% for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, from 0.92% for the same quarter one year earlier, and a $147 million decrease in average interest-bearing liabilities.  This decrease in average interest-bearing liabilities reflects a managed decline in certificates of deposit, including brokered deposits, and our borrowings, which was only partially offset by increases in transaction and savings accounts.  Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 was $11.0 million and $18.3 million, respectively, and similar to quarterly results, the reduction is reflective of both a decrease in the average balance and average rate paid for most interest-bearing liabilities over that time period.

Deposit interest expense decreased $3.0 million, or 43%, to $4.0 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $7.0 million for the same quarter in the prior year, as a result of a 32 basis point decrease in the cost of deposits and a $95 million decrease in the average balance of deposits.  Average deposit balances decreased to $3.410 billion for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, from $3.505 billion for the quarter ended June 30, 2011, while the average rate paid on deposit balances decreased to 0.48% in the second quarter of 2012 from 0.80% for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.  While we do not anticipate further reductions in market interest rates, we do expect additional modest declines in deposit costs over the near term as maturities of certificates of deposit will present further repricing opportunities and competitive pricing should remain
 
 
 
50

 
restrained in response to modest loan demand in the current economic environment.  Further, continuing changes in our deposit mix, especially growth in lower cost transaction and savings accounts, have meaningfully contributed to the decrease in our funding costs compared to earlier periods, and should also result in lower deposit costs going forward.  For the six months ended June 30, 2012, deposit interest expense decreased $6.3 million to $8.5 million compared to $14.8 million for the same period one year ago.  Similar to the quarter, average deposit costs decreased by 35 basis points and the average balance of deposits decreased $117.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2012 compared to the same period one year ago.

Average FHLB advances (excluding the effect of fair value adjustments) remained unchanged at $10 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $10 million for the same quarter one year earlier, and the average rate paid on FHLB advances for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 was essentially unchanged at 2.52%.  As a result, the interest expense on FHLB advances remained the same at $64,000 for the quarter ended June 30, compared to  the same amount for the second quarter a year earlier.  For the six months ended June 30, 2012, interest expense on FHLB advances decreased by $115,000 to $127,000 compared to $242,000 for the same period in the prior year.  Average FHLB advances excluding the effect of fair value adjustments decreased $9 million to $10 million over that same time period compared to $19 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011.  The average rate paid on FHLB advances decreased four basis points to 2.50% for the six months ended June 30, 2012, compared to 2.54% for the same period a year ago.

Other borrowings consist of retail repurchase agreements with customers secured by certain investment securities and, prior to March 31, 2012, the senior bank notes issued under the TLGP.  Primarily as a result of repaying the TLGP senior bank notes, the average balance for other borrowings decreased $52 million to $97 million during the current quarter from $149 million during the same quarter a year earlier, while the rate on these other borrowings decreased to 0.31% from 1.53% a year earlier.  The $50 million of senior bank notes had a fixed rate of 2.625%, plus a 1.00% guarantee fee, and matured on March 31, 2012.  Repaying these notes resulted in a significant reduction in the cost of borrowings for both the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2012.

Junior subordinated debentures which were issued in connection with trust preferred securities had an average balance of $124 million (excluding the effect of fair value adjustments) and an average cost of 2.61% and 2.95%, respectively, for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2012.  Junior subordinated debentures outstanding in the same periods in the prior year had the same average balance of $124 million (excluding the effect of fair value adjustments) with higher average costs of 3.38% and 3.39%, respectively, for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2011.  Generally, the junior subordinated debentures are adjustable-rate instruments with repricing frequencies of three months based upon the three-month LIBOR index; however, one $25 million issue of junior subordinated debentures had a fixed rate of 6.56% for an initial five-year period which expired on February 29, 2012.  Subsequent to that date, the interest rate on that debenture resets every three months at a rate of three-month LIBOR plus 1.62%.  The change in the rate on that debenture, coupled with a modestly lower level of LIBOR, resulted in the lower cost of the junior subordinated debentures for both the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2012.

Analysis of Net Interest Spread presents, in the following table and for the periods indicated, our condensed average balance sheet information, together with interest income and yields earned on average interest-earning assets and interest expense and rates paid on average interest-bearing liabilities.  Average balances are computed using daily average balances.

 
51

 
The following table provides additional comparative data on our operating performance (dollars in thousands):

 
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
   
 
June 30
   
June 30
   
Average Balances
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
   
                             
Interest-bearing deposits
 
$
122,846
 
$
196,211
 
$
117,191
 
$
252,094
   
Investment securities
   
444,580
   
397,898
   
468,492
   
372,195
   
Mortgage-backed obligations
   
154,146
   
76,004
   
142,505
   
78,667
   
FHLB stock
   
37,371
   
37,371
   
37,371
   
37,371
   
Total average interest-earning securities and cash equivalents
   
758,943
   
707,484
   
765,559
   
 
740,327
   
Loans receivable
   
3,232,204
   
3,333,102
   
3,241,485
   
3,341,487
   
Total average interest-earning assets
   
3,991,147
   
4,040,586
   
4,007,044
   
4,081,814
   
                             
Non-interest-earning assets (including fair value adjustments on interest-earning assets)
   
174,566
   
215,494
   
 
179,613
   
 
224,414
   
Total average assets
 
$
4,165,713
 
$
4,256,080
 
$
4,186,657
 
$
4,306,228
   
                             
Deposits
 
$
3,410,249
 
$
3,504,884
 
$
3,415,661
 
$
3,532,796
   
Advances from FHLB
   
10,214
   
10,220
   
10,215
   
19,228
   
Other borrowings
   
96,587
   
149,242
   
121,547
   
159,668
   
Junior subordinated debentures
   
123,716
   
123,716
   
123,716
   
123,716
   
Total average interest-bearing liabilities
   
3,640,766
   
3,788,062
   
3,671,139
   
3,835,408
   
                             
Non-interest-bearing liabilities (including fair value adjustments on interest-bearing liabilities)
   
(37,694
)
 
(41,253
)
 
 
(37,196
)
 
 
(40,508
 
)
 
Total average liabilities
   
3,603,072
   
3,746,809
   
3,633,943
   
3,794,900
   
                             
Equity
   
562,641
   
509,271
   
552,714
   
511,328
   
Total average liabilities and equity
 
$
4,165,713
 
$
4,256,080
 
$
4,186,657
 
$
4,306,228
   
                             
Interest Rate Yield/Expense (rates are annualized)
                           
Interest Rate Yield:
                           
Interest-bearing deposits
   
0.25
%
 
0.20
%
 
0.24
%
 
0.22
%
Investment securities
   
1.95
   
2.10
   
1.88
   
2.14
   
Mortgage-backed obligations
   
2.60
   
4.53
   
2.71
   
4.44
   
FHLB stock
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
Total interest rate yield on securities and cash equivalents
   
1.71
   
1.72
   
1.69
   
1.62
   
Loans receivable
   
5.48
   
5.64
   
5.46
   
5.65
   
Total interest rate yield on interest-earning assets
   
4.76
   
4.95
   
4.74
   
4.92
   
                             
Interest Rate Expense:
                           
Deposits
   
0.48
   
0.80
   
0.50
   
0.85
   
Advances from FHLB
   
2.52
   
2.51
   
2.50
   
2.54
   
Other borrowings
   
0.31
   
1.53
   
1.03
   
1.45
   
Junior subordinated debentures
   
2.61
   
3.38
   
2.95
   
3.39
   
Total interest rate expense on interest-bearing liabilities
   
0.55
   
0.92
   
0.61
   
0.96
   
                             
Interest spread
   
4.21
%
 
4.03
%
 
4.13
%
 
3.96
%
                             
Net interest margin on interest earning assets
   
4.26
%
 
4.09
%
 
4.19
%
 
4.01
%
                             
Additional Key Financial Ratios (income and expense
ratios are annualized)
                           
Return (loss) on average assets
   
2.45
%
 
0.21
%
 
1.66
%
 
(0.26
)%
Return (loss) on average equity
 
18.15
   
1.73
   
12.58
   
(2.23
)
 
Average equity / average assets
 
13.51
   
11.97
   
13.20
   
11.87
   
Average interest-earning assets /average interest-bearing liabilities
 
109.62
   
106.67
   
109.15
   
106.42
   
Non-interest (other operating) income (loss) / average assets
 
(0.88
)
 
0.87
   
0.09
   
0.77
   
Non-interest (other operating) expenses / average assets
 
3.44
   
3.79
   
3.53
   
3.67
   
Efficiency ratio (1)
 
107.34
   
79.79
   
86.24
   
80.20
   

(1) 
Other operating expense divided by the total of net interest income (before provision for loan losses) and other operating income (non-interest   
income)

 
52

 
Provision and Allowance for Loan Losses.  For the quarter ended June 30, 2012, the provision for loan losses was $4.0 million, compared to $5.0 million in the immediately preceding quarter and $8.0 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.  For the six months ended June 30, 2012, the provision for loan losses was $9.0 million, compared to $25 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011.  As discussed in the Summary of Critical Accounting Policies section above and in Note 1 of the Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q, the provision and allowance for loan losses is one of the most critical accounting estimates included in our Consolidated Financial Statements.  The provision for loan losses reflects the amount required to maintain the allowance for losses at an appropriate level based upon management’s evaluation of the adequacy of general and specific loss reserves, trends in delinquencies and net charge-offs and current economic conditions.

While our provision for loan losses was substantially less in the quarter ended June 30, 2012 than in the same quarter of 2011 and modestly reduced from more recent quarters, it remained elevated in relation to our historical loss rates prior to the economic downturn.  We continued this level of loan loss provisioning in response to still high levels of non-performing loans and net charge-offs as well as diminished property values and weak economic conditions.  However, all of our asset quality indicators improved significantly throughout 2011, allowing us to decrease the level of provisioning as the year progressed, and that improvement continued in the first two quarters of 2012, allowing us to substantially decrease the provision compared to the same periods in the prior year.

Reflecting lingering weakness in the economy and lower property values, during the first half of 2012 we continued to provide for loan losses at a relatively high level and maintained a substantial allowance for loan losses at quarter end even though non-performing loans and total loans outstanding declined.  Although the allowance for loan losses at June 30, 2012 continued to reflect material levels of delinquencies and net charge-offs for construction, land and land development loans, our exposure to these types of loans was further reduced during the quarter as additional problem asset resolutions occurred.  The provision and allowance for loan losses also continue to reflect our concerns that the significant number of distressed sellers in the market and additional expected lender foreclosures may further disrupt certain housing markets and adversely affect home prices and the demand for building lots.  These concerns have remained elevated during the past four years as price declines for housing and related lot and land markets have occurred in most areas of the Puget Sound and Portland regions where a significant portion of our one- to four-family residential and construction and development loans are located.  Aside from housing-related construction and development loans, non-performing loans often reflect unique operating difficulties for the individual borrower; however, the weak pace of general economic activity and declining commercial real estate values have been significant contributing factors to more recent late-cycle defaults in other non-housing-related segments of the portfolio.

We recorded net charge-offs of $5.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $13.6 million for the same quarter in the prior year.  Non-performing loans decreased by $18 million during the quarter ended June 30, 2012 to $47 million, and decreased by $68 million during the twelve months ended June 30, 2012.  A comparison of the allowance for loan losses at June 30, 2012 and 2011 reflects a decrease of $12 million to $80 million at June 30, 2012, from $92 million at June 30, 2011.  Included in our allowance at June 30, 2012 was an unallocated portion of $12 million, which is based upon our evaluation of various factors that are not directly measured in the determination of the formula and specific allowances.  The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans (loans receivable excluding allowance for losses) decreased to 2.50% at June 30, 2012, from 2.78% at June 30, 2011.  However, with the decrease in problem loans, the allowance as a percentage of non-performing loans increased to 169% at June 30, 2012, compared to 110% of non-performing loans at December 31, 2011 and 80% a year earlier.

As of June 30, 2012, we had identified $105 million of impaired loans.  Impaired loans are comprised of loans on nonaccrual, TDRs and loans that are 90 days or more past due, but are still on accrual.  Impaired loans may be evaluated for reserve purposes using either a specific impairment analysis or collectively evaluated as part of homogeneous pools.  For more information on these impaired loans, refer to Note 11 of the Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, Fair Value Accounting and Measurement, in this Form 10-Q.

We believe that the allowance for loan losses as of June 30, 2012 was adequate to absorb the known and inherent risks of loss in the loan portfolio at that date.  While we believe the estimates and assumptions used in our determination of the adequacy of the allowance are reasonable, there can be no assurance that these estimates and assumptions will not be proven incorrect in the future, or that the actual amount of future provisions will not exceed the amount of past provisions or that any increased provisions that may be required will not adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.  In addition, the determination of the amount of the allowance for loan losses is subject to review by bank regulators as part of the routine examination process, which may result in the establishment of additional reserves based upon their judgment of information available to them at the time of their examination.

Other Operating Income.  Other operating income, which includes changes in the valuation of financial instruments carried at fair value as well as non-interest revenues from core operations, was a net loss of $9.1 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to a gain of $9.3 million for the same quarter in the prior year.  However, excluding the fair value adjustments, other operating income from core operations increased by $2.7 million, or 37%, to $10.0 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $7.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2011, largely as a result of significantly increased revenues from mortgage banking.  Mortgage banking revenues increased by $2.0 million as increased production and sales of loans were supported by high levels of refinancing in the very low interest rate environment.  Deposit fees and service charges also increased by $590,000 compared to the second quarter a year ago reflecting growth in the number of deposit accounts and increased transaction activity.  By contrast, loan servicing fees and miscellaneous revenues were nearly unchanged from a year earlier.  For the quarter ended June 30, 2012, we recorded an aggregate net loss of $19.1 million in fair value adjustments, primarily reflecting a substantial adjustment of the fair value estimate for the junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company that was only partially offset by similarly estimated increases in the value of certain trust preferred securities owned by the Company.  The $21.2 million increase in the fair value of the junior subordinated debentures reflects a reduction in the credit portion of the discount rate utilized to estimate the fair value as a result of our improved performance and expectation of sustainable future profitability.  During the quarter ended June 30, 2011, fair value adjustments resulted in a net gain of $1.9 million.  For a more detailed discussion of our fair value adjustments please refer to Note 11 in the Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q.

Other operating income, including changes in the valuation of financial instruments carried at fair value, was $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2012, compared to $16.5 million for the same period in the prior year.  Excluding the fair value adjustments, other operating
 
 
 
53

 
income from core operations increased by $5.0 million, or 35%, to $19.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2012.  Similar to the quarterly discussion above, deposit fees and service charges increased by $1.2 million compared to the first six months of the prior year while mortgage banking operations increased by $3.7 million.  Primarily reflecting the changes in the fair value of junior subordinated debentures and trust preferred securities, for the six months ended June 30, 2012, we recorded a net loss of $17.4 million in fair value adjustments compared to a net gain of $2.2 million for the same period in the prior year.

Other Operating Expenses.  Other operating expenses decreased by $4.6 million, to $35.7 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $40.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2011, largely as a result of decreased costs related to REO and FDIC deposit insurance which were partially offset by increased compensation expenses.  While significantly lower in 2012 than in 2011, both quarters’ expenses reflect significant costs associated with problem loan collection activities including professional services and valuation charges related to real estate owned, which should decline in future periods as a result of the continuing reduction in non-performing assets.  Expenses related to REO decreased by $4.6 million, or 70%, to $2.0 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 from $6.6 million during the same period a year earlier.  In addition to real estate taxes and maintenance costs, expenses related to REO for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 included $1.6 million in valuation adjustments and $566,000 in net gains on sales of properties, compared to $4.8 million in valuation adjustments and net gains of $58,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.  Compensation expense increased $1.1 million, or 6%, to $19.4 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to $18.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2011, primarily reflecting salary and wage adjustments, increased mortgage banking activity and higher health insurance costs.  The increase in compensation expenses was partially offset by an increase in capitalized loan origination costs which also reflected the increase in mortgage banking activity.  The cost of FDIC insurance decreased by $573,000 largely as a result of the decrease in average deposit balances, leading to a decrease in average assets and a reduction in the premium assessment rate.  All other expenses, net, increased $280,000.  Other operating expenses as a percentage of average assets were 3.44% for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, compared to 3.79% for the same quarter one year earlier.

Other operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2012 decreased $4.8 million, or 6%, to $73.6 million compared to $78.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011.  REO expenses decreased $6.6 million, or 59%, to $4.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2012, compared to $11.2 million for the prior year period, and included $3.2 million of valuation adjustments and $666,000 of net gains on the sale of properties.  Compensation expense increased $3.4 million, or 10%, to $38.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2012 compared to $35.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, again reflecting salary and wage adjustments, increased mortgage banking activity and higher health insurance costs.  Partially offsetting the increase in compensation, capitalized loan origination costs increased by $1.3 million compared to the same six-month period a year earlier.  Also contributing to the reduction in operating expenses was a $1.2 million, or 35%, decrease in deposit insurance to $2.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2012 compared to $3.4 million for the same period in the prior year.  Most other operating expenses were little changed from a year earlier.

Income Taxes.  Our normal, expected statutory income tax rate is 35.8%, representing a blend of the statutory federal income tax rate of 35.0% and apportioned effects of the Oregon and Idaho income tax rates of 6.6% and 7.6%, respectively.  However, during the third quarter of 2010, we evaluated our net deferred tax asset and determined it was prudent to establish a valuation allowance against the entire asset.  During the quarter ended June 30, 2012, we determined that maintaining the full valuation allowance was no longer appropriate and reversed nearly all of the valuation allowance.  Reversing the valuation allowance resulted in a tax benefit of $31.8 million for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2012.  While the full valuation allowance remained in effect, we did not recognize any tax expense or benefit in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.  As a result, we did not recognize any tax expense or benefit for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2011.  We expect to recover the remaining $7.0 million of the allowance as an offset to our provision for income tax in the third and fourth quarters of 2012.  Beginning with the first quarter of 2013, we expect to recognize income tax expense based upon the statutory rate noted above, although certain tax-exempt income and tax credits likely will result in a slightly lower effective rate in future periods.  For more discussion on our deferred tax asset and related valuation allowance, please refer to Note 12 in the Selected Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report on Form 10-Q.

Asset Quality

While non-performing assets declined substantially in 2011 and decreased further in the first six months of 2012, improving our risk profile by aggressively managing troubled assets has been and will continue to be a primary focus for us.  Over the past four years, as housing markets deteriorated in many of our primary service areas, we experienced significantly higher levels of delinquencies and non-performing assets, primarily in our construction and land development loan portfolios.  Beginning in the third quarter of 2008 and continuing throughout 2009 and 2010, home and lot sales activity was exceptionally slow, causing stress on builders’ and developers’ cash flows and their ability to service debt, which was reflected in our increased non-performing asset totals.  Further, property values generally declined during this period, reducing the value of the collateral securing loans.  In addition, other non-housing-related segments of the loan portfolio developed signs of stress and increasing levels of non-performing loans as the effects of the recessionary economy became more evident and the pace of the recovery remained slow.  As a result, for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, our provision for loan losses was significantly higher than historical levels and our normal expectations.  This higher than normal level of delinquencies and nonaccruals also had a material adverse effect on operating income as a result of foregone interest revenues, increased loan collection costs and carrying costs and valuation adjustments for real estate acquired through foreclosure.  While our non-performing assets and credit costs have been materially reduced, we continue to be actively engaged with our borrowers in resolving remaining problem assets.  However, although property values continued to decline in most markets in 2011, our reserve levels are substantial and, as a result of our impairment analysis and charge-off actions, reflect current appraisals and valuation estimates as well as recent regulatory examination results.

Non-Performing Assets:  Non-performing assets decreased to $73 million, or 1.73% of total assets, at June 30, 2012, from $119 million, or 2.79% of total assets, at December 31, 2011, and $188 million, or 4.48% of total assets, at June 30, 2011.  Nonaccruing construction and land development loans, including related REO, although significantly reduced, continue to represent a disproportionately high 41% of our non-performing assets at June 30, 2012.  The primary components of the $73 million in non-performing assets are $45 million in nonaccrual loans, including $7 million of construction and land development loans, and $26 million in REO and other repossessed assets.  The geographic distribution of the $18.7 million of non-performing construction, land and land development loans and related REO included approximately $3.8 million, or 20%, in the Puget Sound region, $12.7 million, or 68%, in the greater Portland market area, $0.3 million, or 2%, in the greater Boise
 
 
 
 
54

 
market area, and $1.9 million, or 10%, in other areas of Washington, Oregon and Idaho.  We continue to believe our level of non-performing loans and assets, which has declined substantially, is manageable and we believe that we have sufficient capital and human resources to manage the collection of our non-performing assets in an orderly fashion.  However, our future results will continue to be meaningfully influenced by the course of recovery from the economic recession.

Loans are reported as restructured when we grant concessions to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties that we would not otherwise consider.  As a result of these concessions, TDRs are impaired loans as the Banks will not collect all amounts due, both principal and interest, in accordance with the terms of the original loan agreement.  If any TDR becomes delinquent or other matters call into question the borrower's ability to repay full interest and principal in accordance with the restructured terms, the TDR would be reclassified as nonaccrual.  At June 30, 2012, we had $58 million of TDRs currently performing under their restructured terms.

The following table sets forth information with respect to our non-performing assets and TDRs at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):

   
June 30
2012
   
December 31
2011
   
June 30
2011
 
Nonaccrual Loans: (1)
                 
  Secured by real estate:
                 
  Commercial
  $ 7,580     $ 9,226     $ 22,421  
  Multifamily
    1,778       362       1,560  
  Construction and land
    7,161       27,731       53,529  
  One- to four-family
    16,170       17,408       15,435  
  Commercial business
    8,600       13,460       15,264  
  Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
    1,010       1,896       1,342  
  Consumer
    2,882       2,905       4,400  
      45,181       72,988       113,951  
Loans more than 90 days delinquent, still on accrual:
                       
  Secured by real estate:
                       
  Commercial
    --       --       --  
  Multifamily
    --       --       --  
  Construction and land
    --       --       --  
  One- to four-family
    2,142       2,147       622  
  Commercial business
    --       4       1  
  Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
    --       --       545  
  Consumer
    39       173       126  
      2,181       2,324       1,294  
                         
Total non-performing loans
    47,362       75,312       115,245  
                         
Securities on nonaccrual at fair value
    --       500       1,896  
REO and other repossessed assets held for sale, net
    25,830       43,039       71,265  
                         
Total non-performing assets
  $ 73,192     $ 118,851     $ 188,406  
                         
                         
Total non-performing loans to loans before allowance for loan losses
    1.47 %     2.28 %     3.49 %
Total non-performing loans to total assets
    1.12 %     1.77 %     2.74 %
Total non-performing assets to total assets
    1.73 %     2.79 %     4.48 %
                         
TDRs (2)
  $ 58,010     $ 54,533     $ 55,652  
                         
                         
Loans 30-89 days past due and on accrual
  $ 5,504     $ 9,962     $ 11,560  

(1)  For the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, interest income of $820,000 and $2.1 million, respectively, would have been recorded had nonaccrual loans been current, and no interest income on these loans was included in net income for this period.
 
 (2) These loans are performing under their restructured terms.


 
55

 
The following table sets forth the Company’s non-performing assets by geographic concentration at June 30, 2012 (dollars in thousands):

   
Washington
   
Oregon
   
Idaho
   
Total
 
                         
Secured by real estate:
                       
Commercial
  $ 7,445     $ --     $ 135     $ 7,580  
Multifamily
    --       1,778       --       1,778  
Construction and land
                               
One- to four-family construction
    1,516       268       243       2,027  
Residential land acquisition & development
    244       1,835       --       2,079  
Residential land improved lots
    115       1,764       --       1,879  
Residential land unimproved
    47       666       80       793  
Commercial land improved
    294       --       --       294  
Commercial land unimproved
    89       --       --       89  
Total construction and land
    2,305       4,533       323       7,161  
                                 
One- to four-family
    13,465       3,481       1,366       18,312  
Commercial business
    8,185       146       269       8,600  
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
    875       --       135       1,010  
Consumer
    2,338       11       572       2,921  
                                 
Total non-performing loans
    34,613       9,949       2,800       47,362  
                                 
REO and other repossessed assets held for sale, net
    12,118       10,383       3,329       25,830  
                                 
Total non-performing assets
  $ 46,731     $ 20,332     $ 6,129     $ 73,192  
                                 
Percent of non-performing assets
    64 %     28 %     8 %     100 %

In addition to the non-performing loans as of June 30, 2012, we had other classified loans with an aggregate outstanding balance of $120 million that are not on nonaccrual status, with respect to which known information concerning possible credit problems with the borrowers or the cash flows of the properties securing the respective loans has caused management to be concerned about the ability of the borrowers to comply with present loan repayment terms.  This may result in the future inclusion of such loans in the nonaccrual loan category.

We record REO (acquired through a lending relationship) at fair value on a non-recurring basis.  All REO properties are recorded at amounts which are equal to fair value of the properties based on independent appraisals (reduced by estimated selling costs) upon transfer of the loans to REO.  From time to time, non-recurring fair value adjustments to REO are recorded to reflect partial write-downs based on an observable market price or current appraised value of property.  The individual carrying values of these assets are reviewed for impairment at least annually and any additional impairment charges are expensed to operations.  For the quarters ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, we recognized $1.6 million and $4.8 million, respectively, of impairment charges related to these types of assets.  For the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, we recognized $3.2 million and $7.8 million, respectively, of these impairment charges.


 
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Within our non-performing loans, we have a total of 11 nonaccrual lending relationships, each with aggregate loan exposures in excess of $1.0 million that collectively comprise $15.3 million, or 32.4% of our total non-performing loans and the single largest relationship totaled $2 million at June 30, 2012.  The most significant of our non-performing loan exposures are included in the following table (dollars in thousands):

Amount
 
Percent of Total Non-Performing Loans
 
Collateral Securing the Indebtedness
 
Geographic Location
 
$
1,999
   
4.2
%
 
Accounts receivable and inventory
 
Greater Seattle-Puget Sound area
                   
 
1,962
   
4.1
   
Business assets, accounts receivable and vehicles
 
Greater Spokane, WA area
                   
 
1,778
   
3.8
   
Apartment building and office building
 
Greater Portland, OR area
                   
 
1,378
   
2.9
   
Commercial building
 
Central Washington
                   
 
1,323
   
2.8
   
Seven single family residences
 
Greater Portland, OR area
                   
 
1,301
   
2.8
   
Third party notes secured by six commercial
buildings plus miscellaneous partnership interest
and other collateral
 
Greater Seattle-Puget Sound and Denver, CO
areas
                   
 
1,203
   
2.5
   
Seven single family residences and seven
residential lots
 
Greater Seattle-Puget Sound area
                   
 
1,146
   
2.4
   
Two single family residences
 
Greater Seattle-Puget Sound area
                   
 
1,132
   
2.4
   
61 acre camp and 15 building units
 
Central Washington
                   
 
1,086
   
2.3
   
Four commercial lots and one commercial acreage lot
 
Greater Portland, OR area
                   
 
1,039
   
2.2
   
One two-story mixed use structure and two parcels
 used as parking lots
 
Central Washington
                   
 
32,015
   
67.6
   
Various collateral; relationships under $1.0 million
 
Sum of 183 loans located throughout our market
areas
                   
$
47,362
   
100.0
%
 
Total non-performing loans
   



 
57

 

At June 30, 2012, we had $25.8 million of REO, the most significant component of which is seven acres of land with nine parcels zoned commercial in the greater Seattle area with a book value of $3.2 million.  The second largest REO holding is a subdivision in the greater Portland, Oregon area consisting of 13 residential buildable lots and 33.2 acres of undeveloped land with a book value of $2.3 million.  The third largest holding is 5.9 acres of undeveloped land in the greater Portland, Oregon area with a book value of $1.9 million.  The fourth largest holding is an 84-unit motel in the greater Spokane, Washington area with a book value of $1.9 million. The fifth largest holding is 20.5 acres of undeveloped residential land in the greater Portland, Oregon area with a book value of $1.1 million.   All other REO holdings have individual book values of less than $750,000.

The table below summarizes our REO by geographic location and property type (dollars in thousands):

Amount
 
Percent of Total REO
 
REO Description
 
Geographic Location
 
                 
$
11,559
 
44.8
%
13 single family residences
62 residential lots
One single family residences under construction
49 acres undeveloped buildable land
One commercial office and warehouse building
One completed residential condominium unit
 
Greater Portland, Oregon area
 
               
 
8,089
 
31.3
 
18 single family residences
106 residential lots
One single family residence under construction
Nine parcels of commercial land
Three parcels of undeveloped residential land
Three acres of buildable residential land
 
Greater Seattle-Puget Sound area
 
               
 
3,837
 
14.9
 
Three single family residences
24 residential lots
One parcel of residential land
One 84-unit motel
Two parcels of land for commercial office buildings
 
Greater Spokane, WA area
 
                 
 
1,679
 
6.5
 
Five single family residences
64 residential lots
One residence with 31 acres of agricultural land
One parcel of bare land
One residential duplex
One mini-storage facility
 
Other Washington locations
 
               
 
652
 
2.5
 
Three single family residences
94 residential lots
Four commercial lots
Two acres raw land zoned residential
 
Greater Boise, Idaho area
 
               
               
$
25,816
 
100.0
%
     



 
 
58

 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of funds are deposits, borrowings, proceeds from loan principal and interest payments and sales of loans, and the maturity of and interest income on mortgage-backed and investment securities. While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans and mortgage-backed securities are a predictable source of funds, deposit flows and mortgage prepayments are greatly influenced by market interest rates, economic conditions, competition and our pricing strategies.

Our primary investing activity is the origination and purchase of loans and, in certain periods, the purchase of securities.  During the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, our loan originations were less than loan repayments and we purchased loans of $5 million and $97,000, respectively.  As a result, loan repayments, net of originations, totaled $72 million and $41 million, respectively.  During the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, we sold $243 million and $116 million, respectively, of loans.  Securities purchased during the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 totaled $197 million and $182 million, respectively, and securities repayments and maturities were $205 million and $91 million, respectively.  Our primary financing activity is gathering deposits.  As discussed above, deposits decreased by $50 million during the first six months of 2012, including a $26 million decrease in brokered deposits.  Brokered deposits are generally more price sensitive than retail deposits and our use of those deposits varies significantly based upon our liquidity management strategies at any point in time.  At June 30, 2012, certificates of deposit amounted to $1.171 billion, or 34% of our total deposits, including $904 million which were scheduled to mature within one year.  While no assurance can be given as to future periods, historically, we have been able to retain a significant amount of our deposits as they mature, although beginning in 2010 and continuing through the current quarter, we intentionally allowed certificates of deposit to decline, reflecting our ongoing efforts to shift the portfolio mix into lower cost core deposits.

We must maintain an adequate level of liquidity to ensure the availability of sufficient funds to accommodate deposit withdrawals, to support loan growth, to satisfy financial commitments and to take advantage of investment opportunities.  During the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, we used our sources of funds primarily to fund loan commitments, purchase securities and fund deposit withdrawals.  At June 30, 2012, we had outstanding loan commitments totaling $892 million, including undisbursed loans in process and unused credit lines totaling $860 million.

We generally maintain sufficient cash and readily marketable securities to meet short-term liquidity needs; however, our primary liquidity management practice to supplement deposits is to increase or decrease short-term borrowings, including FHLB advances and Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (FRBSF) borrowings.  We maintain credit facilities with the FHLB-Seattle, which at June 30, 2012 provide for advances that in the aggregate may equal the lesser of 35% of Banner Bank’s assets or adjusted qualifying collateral (subject to a sufficient level of ownership of FHLB stock), up to a total possible credit line of $845 million, and 25% of Islanders Bank’s assets or adjusted qualifying collateral, up to a total possible credit line of $23 million.  Advances under these credit facilities (excluding fair value adjustments) totaled $10 million, or less than 1% of our assets at June 30, 2012.  In addition, Banner Bank has been approved for participation in the FRBSF’s Borrower-In-Custody (BIC) program.  Under this program Banner Bank can borrow from 57% up to 91% of eligible loans, depending on collateral type and risk rating.  We currently estimate the BIC program would provide additional borrowing capacity of $562 million as of June 30, 2012.  We had no funds borrowed from the FRBSF at June 30, 2012 or December 31, 2011.  Management believes it has adequate resources and funding potential to meet our foreseeable liquidity requirements.

As noted below, Banner Corporation and its subsidiary banks continued to maintain capital levels significantly in excess of the requirements to be categorized as “Well-Capitalized” under applicable regulatory standards.  During the six months ended June 30 2012, total equity increased $55 million, or 10%, to $587 million.  Total equity at June 30, 2012 included $122 million attributable to preferred stock and $466 million to common stock.  At June 30, 2012, tangible common stockholders’ equity, which excludes the preferred stock and other intangible assets, was $460 million, or 10.92% of tangible assets.  See the discussion and reconciliation of non-GAAP financial information in the Executive Overview section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation in this Form 10-Q for more detailed information with respect to tangible common stockholders’ equity.  Also, see the capital requirements discussion and table below with respect to our regulatory capital positions.

 
59

 
Capital Requirements

Banner Corporation is a bank holding company registered with the Federal Reserve.  Bank holding companies are subject to capital adequacy requirements of the Federal Reserve under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended and the regulations of the Federal Reserve.  Banner Bank and Islanders Bank, as state-chartered, federally insured commercial banks, are subject to the capital requirements established by the FDIC.

The capital adequacy requirements are quantitative measures established by regulation that require Banner Corporation and the Banks to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of capital.  The Federal Reserve requires Banner Corporation to maintain capital adequacy that generally parallels the FDIC requirements.  The FDIC requires the Banks to maintain minimum ratios of Tier 1 total capital to risk-weighted assets as well as Tier 1 leverage capital to average assets.  At June 30, 2012, Banner Corporation and the Banks each exceeded all current regulatory capital requirements. (See Item 1, “Business–Regulation,” and Note 18 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the 2011 Form 10-K for additional information regarding regulatory capital requirements for Banner and the Banks.)

The actual regulatory capital ratios calculated for Banner Corporation, Banner Bank and Islanders Bank as of June 30, 2012, along with the minimum capital amounts and ratios, were as follows (dollars in thousands):

 
Actual
 
Minimum for Capital
Adequacy Purposes
 
Minimum to be Categorized as
“Well-Capitalized” Under
Prompt Corrective Action
Provisions
 
 
Amount
 
Ratio
 
Amount
 
Ratio
 
Amount
 
Ratio
 
                                     
Banner Corporation—consolidated
                                     
Total capital to risk-weighted assets
$
665,551
   
19.76
%
$
269,458
   
8.00
%
           
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets
 
622,978
   
18.50
   
134,729
   
4.00
             
Tier 1 leverage capital to average assets
 
622,978
   
15.07
   
165,339
   
4.00
             
                                     
Banner Bank
                                     
Total capital to risk-weighted assets
 
542,314
   
16.97
   
204,522
   
8.00
 
$
255,652
   
10.00
%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets
 
501,906
   
15.71
   
85,217
   
4.00
   
127,826
   
6.00
 
Tier 1 leverage capital to average assets
 
501,906
   
12.84
   
125,079
   
4.00
   
156,349
   
5.00
 
                                     
Islanders Bank
                                     
Total capital to risk-weighted assets
 
31,364
   
16.79
   
11,955
   
8.00
   
14,944
   
10.00
 
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets
 
29,023
   
15.54
   
4,981
   
4.00
   
7,472
   
6.00
 
Tier 1 leverage capital to average assets
 
29,023
   
12.70
   
7,314
   
4.00
   
9,143
   
5.00
 


 
60

 
ITEM 3 – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market Risk and Asset/Liability Management

Our financial condition and operations are influenced significantly by general economic conditions, including the absolute level of interest rates as well as changes in interest rates and the slope of the yield curve.  Our profitability is dependent to a large extent on our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest received from our interest-earning assets and the interest expense incurred on our interest-bearing liabilities.

Our activities, like all financial institutions, inherently involve the assumption of interest rate risk.  Interest rate risk is the risk that changes in market interest rates will have an adverse impact on the institution’s earnings and underlying economic value.  Interest rate risk is determined by the maturity and repricing characteristics of an institution’s assets, liabilities and off-balance-sheet contracts.  Interest rate risk is measured by the variability of financial performance and economic value resulting from changes in interest rates.  Interest rate risk is the primary market risk affecting our financial performance.

The greatest source of interest rate risk to us results from the mismatch of maturities or repricing intervals for rate sensitive assets, liabilities and off-balance-sheet contracts.  This mismatch or gap is generally characterized by a substantially shorter maturity structure for interest-bearing liabilities than interest-earning assets, although our floating-rate assets tend to be more immediately responsive to changes in market rates than most funding deposit liabilities.  Additional interest rate risk results from mismatched repricing indices and formulae (basis risk and yield curve risk), and product caps and floors and early repayment or withdrawal provisions (option risk), which may be contractual or market driven, that are generally more favorable to customers than to us.  An exception to this generalization is the beneficial effect of interest rate floors on a portion of our floating-rate loans, which help us maintain higher loan yields in periods when market interest rates decline significantly.  However, in a declining interest rate environment, as loans with floors are repaid they generally are replaced with new loans which have lower interest rate floors.  As of June 30, 2012, our loans with interest rate floors totaled approximately $1.5 billion and had a weighted average floor rate of 5.35%.

The principal objectives of asset/liability management are:  to evaluate the interest rate risk exposure; to determine the level of risk appropriate given our operating environment, business plan strategies, performance objectives, capital and liquidity constraints, and asset and liability allocation alternatives; and to manage our interest rate risk consistent with regulatory guidelines and policies approved by the Board of Directors.  Through such management, we seek to reduce the vulnerability of our earnings and capital position to changes in the level of interest rates.  Our actions in this regard are taken under the guidance of the Asset/Liability Management Committee, which is comprised of members of our senior management.  The Committee closely monitors our interest sensitivity exposure, asset and liability allocation decisions, liquidity and capital positions, and local and national economic conditions and attempts to structure the loan and investment portfolios and funding sources to maximize earnings within acceptable risk tolerances.

Sensitivity Analysis

Our primary monitoring tool for assessing interest rate risk is asset/liability simulation modeling, which is designed to capture the dynamics of balance sheet, interest rate and spread movements and to quantify variations in net interest income resulting from those movements under different rate environments.  The sensitivity of net interest income to changes in the modeled interest rate environments provides a measurement of interest rate risk.  We also utilize economic value analysis, which addresses changes in estimated net economic value of equity arising from changes in the level of interest rates.  The net economic value of equity is estimated by separately valuing our assets and liabilities under varying interest rate environments.  The extent to which assets gain or lose value in relation to the gains or losses of liability values under the various interest rate assumptions determines the sensitivity of net economic value to changes in interest rates and provides an additional measure of interest rate risk.

The interest rate sensitivity analysis performed by us incorporates beginning-of-the-period rate, balance and maturity data, using various levels of aggregation of that data, as well as certain assumptions concerning the maturity, repricing, amortization and prepayment characteristics of loans and other interest-earning assets and the repricing and withdrawal of deposits and other interest-bearing liabilities into an asset/liability computer simulation model.  We update and prepare simulation modeling at least quarterly for review by senior management and the directors. We believe the data and assumptions are realistic representations of our portfolio and possible outcomes under the various interest rate scenarios.  Nonetheless, the interest rate sensitivity of our net interest income and net economic value of equity could vary substantially if different assumptions were used or if actual experience differs from the assumptions used.


 
61

 

The following table sets forth as of June 30, 2012, the estimated changes in our net interest income over a one-year time horizon and the estimated changes in economic value of equity based on the indicated interest rate environments (dollars in thousands):

Interest Rate Risk Indicators

   
Estimated Change in
 
Change (in Basis Points) in Interest Rates (1)
 
Net Interest Income
Next 12 Months
 
Net Economic Value
 
       
+400
 
$
80
   
--
%
$
(146,835
)
 
(21.5
)%
 
+300
   
(186
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(112,135
)
 
(16.4
)
 
+200
   
(377
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(72,980
)
 
(10.7
)
 
+100
   
(1,085
)
 
(0.7
)
 
(32,957
)
 
(4.8
)
 
0
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
-25
   
638
   
0.4
   
9,192
   
1.3
   
-50
   
21
   
--
   
10,557
   
1.5
   
 
(1)Assumes an instantaneous and sustained uniform change in market interest rates at all maturities; however, no rates are allowed to go below zero.  The current federal funds rate is 0.25%.
 
Another (although less reliable) monitoring tool for assessing interest rate risk is gap analysis.  The matching of the repricing characteristics of assets and liabilities may be analyzed by examining the extent to which assets and liabilities are interest sensitive and by monitoring an institution’s interest sensitivity gap.  An asset or liability is said to be interest sensitive within a specific time period if it will mature or reprice within that time period.  The interest rate sensitivity gap is defined as the difference between the amount of interest-earning assets anticipated, based upon certain assumptions, to mature or reprice within a specific time period and the amount of interest-bearing liabilities anticipated to mature or reprice, based upon certain assumptions, within that same time period.  A gap is considered positive when the amount of interest-sensitive assets exceeds the amount of interest-sensitive liabilities.  A gap is considered negative when the amount of interest-sensitive liabilities exceeds the amount of interest-sensitive assets.  Generally, during a period of rising rates, a negative gap would tend to adversely affect net interest income while a positive gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income.  During a period of falling interest rates, a negative gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income while a positive gap would tend to adversely affect net interest income.

Certain shortcomings are inherent in gap analysis.  For example, although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or periods of repricing, they may react in different degrees to changes in market rates.  Also, the interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of changes in market rates, while interest rates on other types may lag behind changes in market rates.  Additionally, certain assets, such as ARM loans, have features that restrict changes in interest rates on a short-term basis and over the life of the asset.  Further, in the event of a change in interest rates, prepayment and early withdrawal levels would likely deviate significantly from those assumed in calculating the table.  Finally, the ability of some borrowers to service their debt may decrease in the event of a severe change in market rates.

The following table presents our interest sensitivity gap between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities at June 30, 2012 (dollars in thousands).  The table sets forth the amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities which are anticipated by us, based upon certain assumptions, to reprice or mature in each of the future periods shown.  At June 30, 2012, total interest-earning assets maturing or repricing within one year exceeded total interest-bearing liabilities maturing or repricing in the same time period by $435.5 million, representing a one-year cumulative gap to total assets ratio of 10.44%.  Management is aware of the sources of interest rate risk and in its opinion actively monitors and manages it to the extent possible.  The interest rate risk indicators and interest sensitivity gaps as of June 30, 2012 are within our internal policy guidelines and management considers that our current level of interest rate risk is reasonable.



 
62

 

 
Within
6 Months
 
After 6
Months
Within 1 Year
 
After 1 Year
Within 3
Years
 
After 3 Years
Within 5 Years
 
After 5 Years
Within 10
Years
 
Over
10 Years
 
Total
 
Interest-earning assets: (1)
                                         
Construction loans
$
153,441
 
$
11,449
 
$
23,074
 
$
2,803
 
$
1,485
 
$
40
 
$
192,292
 
Fixed-rate mortgage loans
 
149,106
   
107,945
   
271,909
   
148,789
   
161,725
   
62,529
   
902,003
 
Adjustable-rate mortgage loans
 
407,435
   
153,584
   
357,170
   
211,960
   
3,024
   
--
   
1,133,173
 
Fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities
 
20,618
   
17,414
   
49,372
   
26,386
   
21,144
   
5,366
   
140,300
 
Adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities
 
1,284
   
999
   
3,460
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
5,743
 
Fixed-rate commercial/agricultural loans
 
93,985
   
36,416
   
77,139
   
31,449
   
7,432
   
1,813
   
248,234
 
Adjustable-rate commercial/agricultural loans
 
439,795
   
13,209
   
36,922
   
13,564
   
1,032
   
--
   
504,522
 
Consumer and other loans
 
164,351
   
17,375
   
33,863
   
19,222
   
18,344
   
1,125
   
254,280
 
Investment securities and interest-earning deposits
 
367,477
   
61,780
   
51,793
   
26,348
   
45,059
   
64,523
   
616,980
 
                                           
Total rate sensitive assets
 
1,797,492
   
420,171
   
904,702
   
480,521
   
259,245
   
135,396
   
3,997,527
 
                                           
Interest-bearing liabilities: (2)
                                         
Regular savings and NOW accounts
 
172,649
   
152,865
   
356,684
   
356,684
   
--
   
--
   
1,038,882
 
Money market deposit accounts
 
202,769
   
121,661
   
81,108
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
405,538
 
Certificates of deposit
 
563,411
   
341,069
   
215,253
   
66,537
   
3,038
   
18
   
1,189,326
 
FHLB advances
 
--
   
10,000
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
10,000
 
Other borrowings
 
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
 
Junior subordinated debentures
 
123,716
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
123,716
 
Retail repurchase agreements
 
94,010
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
94,010
 
                                           
Total rate sensitive liabilities
 
1,156,555
   
625,595
   
653,045
   
423,221
   
3,038
   
18
   
2,861,472
 
                                           
Excess (deficiency) of interest-sensitive assets over interest-sensitive liabilities
$
640,937
 
$
(205,424
)
$
251,657
 
$
57,300
 
$
256,207
 
$
135,378
 
$
1,136,055
 
                                           
Cumulative excess (deficiency) of interest-sensitive assets
$
640,937
 
$
435,513
 
$
687,170
 
$
744,470
 
$
1,000,677
 
$
1,136,055
 
$
1,136,055
 
                                           
Cumulative ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities
 
155.42
%
 
124.44
%
 
128.22
%
 
126.04
%
 
134.97
%
 
139.70
%
 
139.70
%
                                           
Interest sensitivity gap to total assets
 
15.36
%
 
(4.92
)%
 
6.03
%
 
1.37
%
 
6.14
%
 
3.24
%
 
27.23
%
                                           
Ratio of cumulative gap to total assets
 
15.36
%
 
10.44
%
 
16.47
%
 
17.84
%
 
23.98
%
 
27.23
%
 
27.23
%
 
(Footnotes on following page)

 
63

 

Footnotes for Table of Interest Sensitivity Gap

(1)  
Adjustable-rate assets are included in the period in which interest rates are next scheduled to adjust rather than in the period in which they are due to mature, and fixed-rate assets are included in the period in which they are scheduled to be repaid based upon scheduled amortization, in each case adjusted to take into account estimated prepayments.  Mortgage loans and other loans are not reduced for allowances for loan losses and non-performing loans.  Mortgage loans, mortgage-backed securities, other loans and investment securities are not adjusted for deferred fees, unamortized acquisition premiums and discounts.
 

(2)  
Adjustable-rate liabilities are included in the period in which interest rates are next scheduled to adjust rather than in the period they are due to mature.  Although regular savings, demand, NOW, and money market deposit accounts are subject to immediate withdrawal, based on historical experience management considers a substantial amount of such accounts to be core deposits having significantly longer maturities.  For the purpose of the gap analysis, these accounts have been assigned decay rates to reflect their longer effective maturities.  If all of these accounts had been assumed to be short-term, the one-year cumulative gap of interest-sensitive assets would have been $(359) million, or (8.60%) of total assets at June 30, 2012.  Interest-bearing liabilities for this table exclude certain non-interest-bearing deposits which are included in the average balance calculations in the table contained in Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Comparison of Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011” of this report on Form 10-Q.
 



 
64

 

ITEM 4 – Controls and Procedures

The management of Banner Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act).  A control procedure, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that its objectives are met.  Also, because of the inherent limitations in all control procedures, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.  Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures.  The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.  As a result of these inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Further, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

(a)
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures:  An evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and several other members of our senior management as of the end of the period covered by this report.  Based on their evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of June 30, 2012, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) accumulated and communicated to our management (including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer) in a timely manner, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
 

  (b)
Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting:  In the quarter ended June 30, 2012, there was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.




 
65

 

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.                      Legal Proceedings

In the normal course of business, we have various legal proceedings and other contingent matters outstanding.  These proceedings and the associated legal claims are often contested and the outcome of individual matters is not always predictable.  These claims and counter claims typically arise during the course of collection efforts on problem loans or with respect to actions to enforce liens on properties in which we hold a security interest.  We are not a party to any pending legal proceedings that management believes would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or operations.

Item 1A.                   Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in the risk factors previously disclosed in Part 1, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 (File No. 0-26584) or otherwise previously disclosed in our Form 10-Q reports filed subsequently.

Item 2.                      Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

During the quarter ended June 30, 2012, we did not sell any securities that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933.

We did not have any repurchases of our common stock from January 1, 2012 through June 30, 2012.

Item 3.                      Defaults upon Senior Securities

Not Applicable.

Item 4.                      Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable

Item 5.                      Other Information

Not Applicable.

 
66

 

Item 6.                      Exhibits

Exhibit
Index of Exhibits
   
3{a}
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Registrant [incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 28, 2010 (File No. 000-26584)].
     
3{b}
Certificate of designation relating to the Company’s Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock Series A [incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 24, 2008 (File No. 000-26584)].
   
3{c}
Bylaws of Registrant [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 1, 2011 (File No. 0-26584)].
   
4{a}
Warrant to purchase shares of Company’s common stock dated November 21, 2008 [incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 24, 2008 (File No. 000-26584)].
   
4{b}
Letter Agreement (including Securities Purchase Agreement Standard Terms attached as Exhibit A) dated November 21, 2008 between the Company and the United States Department of the Treasury [incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 24, 2008 (File No. 000-26584)].
   
10{a}
Executive Salary Continuation Agreement with Gary L. Sirmon [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1996 (File No. 0-26584)].
   
10{b}
Employment Agreement with Michael K. Larsen [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1996 (File No. 0-26584)].
   
10{c}
Amended Employment Agreement with Mark J. Grescovich [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 28, 2012 (File No. 000-265840].
   
10{d}
Executive Salary Continuation Agreement with Michael K. Larsen [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1996 (File No. 0-26584)].
   
10{e}
1996 Stock Option Plan [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-8 dated August 26, 1996 (File No. 333-10819)].
   
10{f}
1996 Management Recognition and Development Plan [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Registration Statement on Form S-8 dated August 26, 1996 (File No. 333-10819)].
   
10{g}
Consultant Agreement with Jesse G. Foster, dated as of December 19, 2003. [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 (File No. 0-23584)].
   
10{h}
Supplemental Retirement Plan as Amended with Jesse G. Foster [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1997 (File No. 0-26584)].
   
10{i}
Employment Agreement with Lloyd W. Baker [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001 (File No. 0-26584)].
   
10{j}
Employment Agreement with D. Michael Jones [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001 (File No. 0-26584)].
   
10{k}
Supplemental Executive Retirement Program Agreement with D. Michael Jones [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 (File No. 0-26584)].
   
10{l}
Form of Supplemental Executive Retirement Program Agreement with Gary Sirmon, Michael K. Larsen, Lloyd W. Baker, Cynthia D. Purcell, Richard B. Barton and Paul E. Folz [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001 and the exhibits filed with the Form 8-K on May 6, 2008].
   
10{m}
1998 Stock Option Plan [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Registration Statement on Form S-8 dated February 2, 1999 (File No. 333-71625)].
   
10{n}
2001 Stock Option Plan [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-8 dated August 8, 2001 (File No. 333-67168)].
   
10{o}
Form of Employment Contract entered into with Cynthia D. Purcell, Richard B. Barton, Paul E. Folz and Douglas M. Bennett [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 (File No. 0-26584)].
   
10{p}
2004 Executive Officer and Director Stock Account Deferred Compensation Plan [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 (File No. 0-26584)].
   
10{q}
2004 Executive Officer and Director Investment Account Deferred Compensation Plan [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005 (File No. 0-26584)].
   
10{r}
Long-Term Incentive Plan [incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with the Form 8-K on May 6, 2008].
   
10{s}
Form of Compensation Modification Agreement [incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 24, 2008 (File No. 000-26584)].
   
10{t}
2005 Executive Officer and Director Stock Account Deferred Compensation Plan.
   
10{u}
Entry into an Indemnification Agreement with each of the Company’s Directors [incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Form 8-K on January 29, 2010].
 
 
 
 
67

 
 
 
   
10(v)
2012 Restricted Stock Plan [incorporated by reference as Appendix B to the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on March 21, 2012].
 
     
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
     
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
     
32
Certificate of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
     
101
The following materials from Banner Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (a) Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition; (b) Consolidated Statements of Operations; (c) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss); (d) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity; (e) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (f) Selected Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. *
 
     
 
*Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulations S-T, these interactive data files are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 or Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections.
 


 
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SIGNATURES



Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
  Banner Corporation 
   
   
   
August 9, 2012
/s/Mark J. Grescovich                                            
  Mark J. Grescovich 
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
   
   
August 9, 2012
/s/Lloyd W. Baker                                                  
  Lloyd W. Baker 
 
Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
 
 
69