e497
Filed
Pursuant to Rule 497
Registration
No. 333-146943
Prospectus Supplement
(To Prospectus dated March 11, 2008)
Calamos Strategic Total Return
Fund
Up to 8,000,000 Common
Shares
Calamos Strategic Total Return Fund (the Fund,
we, or our) has entered into a sales
agreement (the sales agreement) with JonesTrading
Institutional Services LLC (JonesTrading) relating
to the common shares of beneficial interest, no par value per
share, (common shares) offered by this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus. In accordance with
the terms of the sales agreement, we may offer and sell up to
8,000,000 of our common shares from time to time through
JonesTrading as our agent for the offer and sale of the common
shares. Under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
(the 1940 Act), the Fund may not sell any common
shares at a price below the current net asset value of such
common shares, exclusive of any distributing commission or
discount. The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management
investment company which commenced investment operations in
March 2004. Our investment objective is to provide total
return through a combination of capital appreciation and current
income.
Our common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange
under the symbol CSQ. As of August 22, 2008,
the last reported sale price for our common shares on the New
York Stock Exchange was $10.96 per share.
Sales of our common shares, if any, under this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus may be made in
negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be
at the market as defined in Rule 415 under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act),
including sales made directly on the New York Stock Exchange or
sales made to or through a market maker other than on an
exchange.
JonesTrading will be entitled to compensation of 100 to
250 basis points of the gross sales price per share for any
common shares sold under the sales agreement, with the exact
amount of such compensation to be mutually agreed upon by the
Fund and JonesTrading from time to time. In connection with the
sale of the common shares on our behalf, JonesTrading may be
deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of
the 1933 Act and the compensation of JonesTrading may be
deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts.
Investing in our securities involves certain risks. You could
lose some or all of your investment. See Risk
Factors beginning on
page S-10
of this prospectus supplement and page 26 of the
accompanying prospectus. You should consider carefully these
risks together with all of the other information contained in
this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus
before making a decision to purchase our securities.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or the
accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any
representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Prospectus Supplement dated September 3, 2008
This prospectus supplement, together with the accompanying
prospectus, sets forth concisely the information that you should
know before investing. You should read the prospectus and
prospectus supplement, which contain important information,
before deciding whether to invest in our securities. You should
retain the prospectus and prospectus supplement for future
reference. A statement of additional information, dated
March 11, 2008, as supplemented from time to time,
containing additional information, has been filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (Commission) and
is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. This
prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the
statement of additional information are part of a
shelf registration statement that we filed with the
Commission. This prospectus supplement describes the specific
details regarding this offering, including the method of
distribution. If information in this prospectus supplement is
inconsistent with the accompanying prospectus or the statement
of additional information, you should rely on this prospectus
supplement. You may request a free copy of the statement of
additional information, the table of contents of which is on
page 57 of the accompanying prospectus, request a free copy
of our annual and semi-annual reports, request other information
or make shareholder inquiries, by calling toll-free
1-800-582-6959
or by writing to the Fund at 2020 Calamos Court, Naperville,
Illinois 60563. The Funds annual and semi-annual reports
also are available on our website at www.calamos.com, which also
provides a link to the Commissions website, as described
below, where the Funds statement of additional information
can be obtained. Information included on our website does not
form part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying
prospectus. You can review and copy documents we have filed at
the Commissions Public Reference Room in
Washington, D.C. Call 1-202-551-8090 for information. The
Commission charges a fee for copies. You can get the same
information free from the Commissions website
(http://www.sec.gov).
You may also
e-mail
requests for these documents to publicinfo@sec.gov or make a
request in writing to the Commissions Public Reference
Section, Washington, D.C.
20549-0102.
Our securities do not represent a deposit or obligation of, and
are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured
depository institution and are not federally insured by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board
or any other government agency.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Prospectus
Supplement
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Page
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S-1
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S-3
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S-4
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S-6
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S-7
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S-9
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S-10
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S-10
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S-11
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S-11
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S-11
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Prospectus
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1
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11
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13
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14
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15
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15
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16
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21
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23
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26
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33
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36
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36
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41
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42
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46
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50
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52
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53
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55
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55
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56
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57
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You should rely only on the information contained or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus in making your investment decisions. We
have not authorized any other person to provide you with
different or inconsistent information. If anyone provides you
with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely
on it. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus do not constitute an offer to sell or solicitation of
an offer to buy any securities in any jurisdiction where the
offer or sale is not permitted. The information appearing in
this prospectus supplement and in the accompanying prospectus is
accurate only as of the dates on their covers. Our business,
financial condition and prospects may have changed since such
dates. We will advise investors of any material changes to the
extent required by applicable law.
i
CAUTIONARY
NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the
statement of additional information contain
forward-looking statements. Forward-looking
statements can be identified by the words may,
will, intend, expect,
estimate, continue, plan,
anticipate, and similar terms and the negative of
such terms. Such forward-looking statements may be contained in
this prospectus supplement as well as in the accompanying
prospectus. By their nature, all forward-looking statements
involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results could differ
materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking
statements. Several factors that could materially affect our
actual results are the performance of the portfolio of
securities we hold, the price at which our shares will trade in
the public markets and other factors discussed in our periodic
filings with the Commission.
Although we believe that the expectations expressed in our
forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could
differ materially from those projected or assumed in our
forward-looking statements. Our future financial condition and
results of operations, as well as any forward-looking
statements, are subject to change and are subject to inherent
risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed in the
Risk Factors sections of this prospectus supplement
and the accompanying prospectus. All forward-looking statements
contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus
supplement or the accompanying prospectus are made as of the
date of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying
prospectus, as the case may be. Except for our ongoing
obligations under the federal securities laws, we do not intend,
and we undertake no obligation, to update any forward-looking
statement. The forward-looking statements contained in this
prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the
statement of additional information are excluded from the safe
harbor protection provided by section 27A of the
1933 Act.
Currently known risk factors that could cause actual results to
differ materially from our expectations include, but are not
limited to, the factors described in the Risk
Factors sections of this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus. We urge you to review carefully those
sections for a more detailed discussion of the risks of an
investment in our securities.
ii
PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
The following summary contains basic information about us and
our securities. It is not complete and may not contain all of
the information you may want to consider. You should review the
more detailed information contained in this prospectus
supplement and in the accompanying prospectus and in the
statement of additional information, especially the information
set forth under the heading Risk Factors beginning
on
page S-10
of this prospectus supplement and page 26 of the
accompanying prospectus.
The
Fund
The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment
company, with total managed assets (as such term is defined
below) of approximately $2.983 billion as of July 31,
2008. We commenced operations in March 2004 following our
initial public offering. Our investment objective is to provide
total return through a combination of capital appreciation and
current income.
Investment
Adviser
Calamos Advisors LLC (the Adviser or
Calamos) serves as our investment adviser. Calamos
is responsible on a day-to-day basis for investment of the
Funds portfolio in accordance with its investment
objective and policies. Calamos makes all investment decisions
for the Fund and places purchase and sale orders for the
Funds portfolio securities. As of July 31, 2008,
Calamos managed approximately $39.8 billion in assets of
individuals and institutions. Calamos is a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Calamos Holdings, LLC and an indirect subsidiary
of Calamos Asset Management, Inc., a publicly traded holding
company.
The Fund pays Calamos an annual fee, payable monthly, for its
investment management services equal to 1.00% of the Funds
average weekly managed assets. Managed assets means
the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable
to any leverage that may be outstanding) minus the sum of
accrued liabilities (other than debt representing financial
leverage). See Management of the Fund on
page 33 of the accompanying prospectus.
The principal business address of the Adviser is 2020 Calamos
Court, Naperville, Illinois 60563.
The
Offering
The Fund and Calamos entered into a sales agreement with
JonesTrading Institutional Services LLC
(JonesTrading) relating to the common shares offered
by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
In accordance with the terms of the sales agreement, we may
offer and sell up to 8,000,000 of our common shares from time to
time through JonesTrading as our agent for the offer and sale of
the common shares.
Our common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange
under the symbol CSQ. As of August 22, 2008,
the last reported sale price for our common shares was $10.96.
Sales of our common shares, if any, under this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus may be made in
negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be
at the market as defined in Rule 415 under the
1933 Act, including sales made directly on the New York
Stock Exchange or sales made to or through a market maker other
than on an exchange. See Plan of Distribution in
this prospectus supplement. Our common shares may not be sold
through agents, underwriters or dealers without delivery or
deemed delivery of a prospectus and a prospectus supplement
describing the method and terms of the offering of our
securities. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund may not sell any common
shares at a price below the current net asset value of such
common shares, exclusive of any distributing commission or
discount.
Recent
Developments
On April 23, 2008, we announced that we had secured an
alternative form of borrowing that enabled us to redeem
approximately 81.5%, or $880,000,000, of our outstanding Auction
Rate Preferred Shares (Preferred Shares or
ARPS) at par. These redemptions were completed in
May 2008, on a pro rata basis, across all series of ARPS
outstanding.
S-1
The borrowing is in the form of a margin loan. The interest rate
on the committed facility will vary, based on LIBOR plus 0.70%.
The borrowing facility has a 180 day rolling margin
commitment. We may terminate the borrowing on thirty days prior
written notice to the lender. The loan is collateralized with
certain securities of the Funds portfolio, which may be
substituted from time to time. At present, we do not believe the
margin requirements, lending parameters or the collateral and
asset tests associated with the loan will affect our investment
activities in any material way.
Upon completion of the refinancing described above, which the
board of trustees of the Fund approved, our leverage ratio did
not change materially. The Fund is expected to continue to
satisfy the asset coverage requirements imposed by the 1940 Act.
On August 21, 2008 the Fund paid down $125,000,000 of its
margin loan. As of August 22, 2008 the Fund had borrowings
of $755,000,000 in the form of a margin loan.
The following table illustrates the hypothetical effect on the
return to a holder of the Funds common shares of the
leverage obtained by borrowing under the margin loan program
described above. The purpose of this table is to assist you in
understanding the effects of leverage. As the table shows,
leverage generally increases the return to shareholders when
portfolio return is positive and greater than the cost of
leverage and decreases the return when the portfolio return is
negative or less than the cost of leverage. The figures
appearing in the table are hypothetical and actual returns may
be greater or less than those appearing in the table.
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Assumed Portfolio Return (Net of Expenses)
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(10)
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%
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(5)
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%
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0
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%
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5
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%
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10
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%
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Corresponding Common Share Return
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(16.62)
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%
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(9.14)
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%
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(1.66
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)%
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5.82
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%
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13.30
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%
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In July 2008, the Fund filed an exemptive application with the
SEC seeking an order under the 1940 Act that would permit the
Fund to exceed certain asset coverage requirements imposed by
the 1940 Act with respect to debt. The order, if granted, would
permit the Fund to increase its debt borrowings for a two-year
period in order to raise sufficient capital to redeem any
outstanding ARPS that have not been redeemed with the proceeds
of this offering. During this two-year period, such borrowings
would be subject to the 200% asset coverage requirement that
applies to equity, rather than the 300% asset coverage
requirement that normally applies to debt borrowings under the
1940 Act. If the Fund is unable to refinance such borrowings
with an alternate form of equity-based senior security within
two years of borrowing in reliance upon the order, the Fund
would be forced to reduce its leverage until its borrowings have
an asset coverage of no less than 300%. There can be no
assurance that the Fund will receive the requested relief. The
Board of Trustees reserves the right to issue preferred or debt
securities or borrow to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act or
under any exemptive order issued by the SEC in response to the
Funds exemptive application.
For further information about leveraging, see Risk
Factors Additional Risks to Common
Shareholders Leverage Risk on page 30 of
the accompanying prospectus.
Use of
Proceeds
Unless otherwise specified in this prospectus supplement, we
currently intend to use net proceeds from the sale of our common
shares in this offering primarily to redeem ARPS, to the extent
that there are outstanding ARPS. Such anticipated primary use
of the net proceeds, however, is dependent on
then-current
market conditions and portfolio assessment by management, among
other factors. We may also use proceeds from the sale of our
common shares to invest in accordance with our investment
objective and policies within approximately three months of
receipt of such proceeds. In addition, we may use sale proceeds
to retire all or a portion of any
short-term
debt, and for working capital purposes, including the payment of
interest and operating expenses, although there is currently no
intent to issue common shares for this purpose. See
Recent Developments above. Reduction of the leverage
employed by the Fund, including, for example, by redemption of
ARPS, will reduce our assets available for investment, and may
have a negative impact on the Fund. See Risk
Factors Reduction of Leverage Risk in this
prospectus supplement.
S-2
CAPITALIZATION
We may offer and sell up to 8,000,000 of our common shares from
time to time through JonesTrading as our agent for the offer and
sale of the common shares under this prospectus supplement and
the accompanying prospectus. There is no guaranty that there
will be any sales of our common shares pursuant to this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. The table
below assumes that we will sell 8,000,000 common shares, at a
price of $10.96 per share (the last reported sale price per
share of our common shares on the New York Stock Exchange on
August 22, 2008). Actual sales, if any, of our common
shares under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus may be less than as set forth in the table below. In
addition, the price per share of any such sale may be greater or
less than $10.96, depending on the market price of our common
shares at the time of any such sale. To the extent that the
market price per share of our common shares on any given day is
less than the net asset value per share on such day, we will
instruct JonesTrading not to make any sales on such day.
The following table sets forth our capitalization at
April 30, 2008:
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on a historical basis;
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on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect (1) the assumed
sale of 8,000,000 of our common shares at $10.96 per share
(the last reported sale price for our common shares on the New
York Stock Exchange on August 22, 2008), in an offering
under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus, (2) the application of net proceeds assumed
from such offering to redeem outstanding ARPS, after deducting
the assumed commission of $876,800 (representing an estimated
commission paid to JonesTrading of 1% of the gross sales price
per share in connection with sales of common shares effected by
JonesTrading in this offering) and offering expenses payable by
us of $200,000, and (3) the margin loan of $880,000,000,
the proceeds of which were used to redeem an equal aggregate
liquidation amount of ARPS, less the $125,000,000 that was paid
down on August 21, 2008. See Prospectus Supplement
Summary Recent Developments.
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Actual
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As Adjusted
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Loan
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$
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$
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755,000,000
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Shareholders equity
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Preferred shares, no par value per share, $25,000 stated
value per share, at liquidation value; unlimited shares
authorized, 43,200 shares outstanding (actual) and
4,528 shares outstanding (as adjusted)
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1,080,000,000
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113,200,000
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Common shares, no par value per share, unlimited shares
authorized, 154,514,000 shares outstanding (actual) and
162,514,000 shares outstanding (as adjusted)
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2,200,733,859
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2,287,337,059
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Undistributed net investment income (loss)
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(35,919,436
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)
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(35,919,436
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)
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Accumulated net realized gain (loss) on investments, written
options, interest rate swaps and foreign currency transactions
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103,425,893
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103,425,893
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Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments,
written options, interest rate swaps and foreign currency
transactions
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(88,379,759
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)
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(88,379,759
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)
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Net assets applicable to common shareholders
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2,179,860,557
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2,266,463,757
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Total Capitalization
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$
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3,259,860,557
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$
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3,134,663,757
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S-3
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
The information in the following table shows selected data for a
common share outstanding throughout each period listed below.
Except as otherwise noted, the information in this table is
derived from our financial statements audited by
Deloitte & Touche LLP, whose report on such financial
statements is contained in our 2007 Annual Report and is
included in the statement of additional information, both of
which are available from us. The information as of and for the
six months ended April 30, 2008 appears in our unaudited
interim financial statements for such period, as filed with the
Commission in our most recent shareholder report. See
Available Information in this prospectus supplement.
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Six Months
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March 26,
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Ended
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2004*
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April 30,
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through
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(unaudited)
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For the Year Ended October 31,
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October 31,
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2008
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2007
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2006
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2005
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|
2004
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|
|
Net asset value, beginning of period
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|
$
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16.92
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|
$
|
15.71
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|
$
|
14.44
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$
|
14.23
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$
|
14.32
|
(a)
|
Income from investment operations:
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|
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|
Net investment income (loss)
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|
0.41
|
**
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|
|
0.86
|
**
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|
|
0.89
|
|
|
|
0.93
|
|
|
|
0.51
|
|
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) from investments,
written options, foreign currency and interest rate swaps
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|
|
(2.40
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)
|
|
|
1.89
|
|
|
|
1.86
|
|
|
|
0.48
|
|
|
|
(0.09
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)
|
Distributions to preferred shareholders from:
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|
|
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Net investment income (common share equivalent basis)
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|
|
(0.09
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)
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|
|
(0.32
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)
|
|
|
(0.33
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)
|
|
|
(0.21
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)
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
Capital gains (common share equivalent basis)
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|
|
(0.08
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)
|
|
|
(0.05
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)
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
Total from investment operations
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|
|
(2.16
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)
|
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|
2.38
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|
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|
2.42
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|
|
|
1.20
|
|
|
|
0.36
|
|
Less distributions to common shareholders from:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
|
(0.51
|
)
|
|
|
(1.01
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)
|
|
|
(0.77
|
)
|
|
|
(0.71
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)
|
|
|
(0.37
|
)
|
Capital gains
|
|
|
(0.14
|
)
|
|
|
(0.16
|
)
|
|
|
(0.38
|
)
|
|
|
(0.28
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Capital charge resulting from issuance of common and preferred
shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.08
|
)
|
Net asset value, end of period
|
|
$
|
14.11
|
|
|
$
|
16.92
|
|
|
$
|
15.71
|
|
|
$
|
14.44
|
|
|
$
|
14.23
|
|
Market value, end of period
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|
$
|
12.73
|
|
|
$
|
14.70
|
|
|
$
|
14.91
|
|
|
$
|
13.71
|
|
|
$
|
13.34
|
|
Total investment return based on(b):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net asset value
|
|
|
(12.37
|
)%
|
|
|
16.33
|
%
|
|
|
18.03
|
%
|
|
|
8.95
|
%
|
|
|
2.10
|
%
|
Market value
|
|
|
(9.00
|
)%
|
|
|
6.49
|
%
|
|
|
17.99
|
%
|
|
|
10.35
|
%
|
|
|
(8.59
|
)%
|
Ratios and supplemental data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets applicable to common shareholders, end of period
(000s omitted)
|
|
$
|
2,179,861
|
|
|
$
|
2,615,012
|
|
|
$
|
2,427,632
|
|
|
$
|
2,231,348
|
|
|
$
|
2,199,229
|
|
Preferred shares, at redemption value ($25,000 per share
liquidation preference) (000s omitted)
|
|
$
|
1,080,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,080,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,080,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,080,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,080,000
|
|
Ratios to average net assets applicable to common shareholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net expenses(c)(d)
|
|
|
1.67
|
%
|
|
|
1.61
|
%
|
|
|
1.66
|
%
|
|
|
1.67
|
%
|
|
|
1.61
|
%
|
Gross expenses(c)(d)
|
|
|
1.68
|
%
|
|
|
1.62
|
%
|
|
|
1.66
|
%
|
|
|
0.00
|
%
|
|
|
0.00
|
%
|
Net investment income (loss)(c)(d)
|
|
|
5.58
|
%
|
|
|
5.30
|
%
|
|
|
5.92
|
%
|
|
|
6.25
|
%
|
|
|
6.27
|
%
|
Preferred share distributions(c)
|
|
|
1.27
|
%
|
|
|
1.95
|
%
|
|
|
2.18
|
%
|
|
|
1.40
|
%
|
|
|
0.67
|
%
|
Net investment income (loss), net of preferred share
distributions(c)
|
|
|
4.31
|
%
|
|
|
3.35
|
%
|
|
|
3.74
|
%
|
|
|
4.85
|
%
|
|
|
5.60
|
%
|
Portfolio turnover rate
|
|
|
33
|
%
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
71
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
Average commission rate paid
|
|
$
|
0.0502
|
|
|
$
|
0.0283
|
|
|
$
|
0.0342
|
|
|
$
|
0.0381
|
|
|
$
|
0.0197
|
|
Asset coverage per preferred share, at end of period(e)
|
|
$
|
75,483
|
|
|
$
|
85,552
|
|
|
$
|
81,216
|
|
|
$
|
76,667
|
|
|
$
|
75,916
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Commencement of operations. |
|
** |
|
Net investment income allocated based on average shares method. |
S-4
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Net of sales load of $0.675 on initial shares issued and
beginning net asset value of $14.325. |
|
(b) |
|
Total investment return is calculated assuming a purchase of
common shares on the opening of the first day and a sale on the
closing of the last day of the period reported. Dividends and
distributions are assumed, for purposes of this calculation, to
be reinvested at prices obtained under the Funds dividend
reinvestment plan. Total return is not annualized for periods
less than one year. Brokerage commissions are not reflected. NAV
per share is determined by dividing the value of the Funds
portfolio securities, cash and other assets, less all
liabilities, by the total number of common shares outstanding.
The common share market price is the price the market is willing
to pay for shares of the Fund at a given time. Common share
market price is influenced by a range of factors, including
supply and demand and market conditions. |
|
(c) |
|
Annualized for periods less than one year. |
|
(d) |
|
Does not reflect the effect of dividend payments to the holders
of Preferred Shares. |
|
(e) |
|
Calculated by subtracting the Funds total liabilities (not
including Preferred Shares) from the Funds total assets
and dividing this by the number of Preferred Shares outstanding. |
S-5
SUMMARY
OF FUND EXPENSES
The following table and example contain information about the
costs and expenses that an investor in this offering will bear
directly or indirectly. In accordance with Commission
requirements, the table below shows our expenses, including
leverage costs, as a percentage of our average net assets as of
the six month period ended April 30, 2008, and not as a
percentage of gross assets or managed assets. By showing
expenses as a percentage of average net assets, expenses are not
expressed as a percentage of all of the assets we invest. The
table and example are based on our capital structure as of
April 30, 2008, except that such expenses include
anticipated expenses to be incurred in connection with the
borrowing under the recently completed margin loan program
described herein. See Prospectus Supplement
Summary Recent Developments. The table and
example reflect interest expense associated with such borrowing,
such borrowing being in the aggregate principal amount of
$880,000,000 utilized entirely to redeem an equal aggregate
liquidation amount of ARPS, less $125,000,000 that was paid down
on August 21, 2008.
As of April 30, 2008, we had $1,080,000,000 in liquidation
amount of ARPS outstanding, representing 33.1% of managed assets
as of that date. The table and example assume we had
$200,000,000 in liquidation amount of ARPS outstanding,
representing 6.1% of managed assets, as of April 30, 2008.
Shareholder
Transaction Expense
|
|
|
|
|
Sales Load (as a percentage of offering price)
|
|
|
1.00
|
%(1)
|
Offering Expenses Borne by the Fund (as a percentage of offering
price)
|
|
|
.23
|
%
|
Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan Fees(2)
|
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage of Net
|
|
|
|
Assets Attributable to
|
|
Annual Expenses
|
|
Common Shareholders
|
|
|
Management Fee(3)
|
|
|
1.48
|
|
Leverage Costs(4)
|
|
|
1.60
|
|
Other Expenses
|
|
|
0.07
|
|
Total Annual Expenses
|
|
|
3.15
|
|
Less Fee Reductions(5)
|
|
|
0.00
|
|
Net Annual Expenses
|
|
|
3.15
|
|
Example:
The following example illustrates the expenses that common
shareholders would pay on a $1,000 investment in common shares,
assuming (1) net annual expenses of 3.15% of net assets
attributable to common shares in years 1 through 10; (2) a
5% annual return; and (3) all distributions are reinvested
at net asset value:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year
|
|
|
3 Years
|
|
|
5 Years
|
|
|
10 Years
|
|
|
Total Expenses Paid by Common Shareholders(6)
|
|
$
|
32
|
|
|
$
|
97
|
|
|
$
|
165
|
|
|
$
|
346
|
|
The example should not be considered a representation of
future expenses. Actual expenses may be greater or less than
those assumed. Moreover, our actual rate of return may be
greater or less than the hypothetical 5% return shown in the
example.
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Represents the estimated commission with respect to our common
shares being sold in this offering, which we will pay to
JonesTrading in connection with sales of common shares effected
by JonesTrading in this offering. While JonesTrading is entitled
to a commission of 1% to 2.5% of the gross sales price for
common shares sold, with the exact amount to be agreed upon by
the parties, we have assumed, for purposes of this offering,
that JonesTrading will receive a commission of 1% of such gross
sales price. This is the only sales load to be paid in
connection with this offering. There is no guaranty that there
will be any sales of our common shares pursuant to this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Actual
sales of our common shares under this prospectus supplement and
the accompanying prospectus, if any, may be less than as set
forth in the table. In addition, the price per share of any such
sale may be greater or less than the price set forth in the
table, depending on the market price of our common shares at the
time of any such sale. |
S-6
|
|
|
(2) |
|
Shareholders will pay a transaction fee plus brokerage charges
if they direct the Plan Agent to sell common shares held in a
Plan account. See Automatic Dividend Reinvestment
Plan on page 44 of the accompanying prospectus. |
|
(3) |
|
The Fund pays Calamos an annual management fee, payable monthly,
for its investment management services equal to 1.00% of the
Funds average weekly managed assets. In accordance with
the requirements of the Commission, the table above shows the
Funds management fee as a percentage of average net
assets. By showing the management fee as a percentage of net
assets, the management fee is not expressed as a percentage of
all of the assets the Fund intends to invest. For purposes of
the table, the management fee has been converted to 1.48% of the
Funds average daily net assets as of the six month period
ended April 30, 2008 by dividing the total dollar amount of
the annualized management fee by the Funds average daily
net assets (managed assets less outstanding leverage). |
|
(4) |
|
Leverage Costs in the table reflect (a) the cost of auction
agent and rating agency fees on preferred shares, expressed as a
percentage of net assets applicable to common shareholders,
(b) the cost of dividends on preferred shares and
(c) interest expense on $755,000,000 in borrowings under
our margin loan and an arrangement fee of .25% of the margin
loan. The table assumes outstanding Preferred Shares of
$200,000,000, which reflects leverage in an amount representing
6.1% of managed assets. |
|
(5) |
|
The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in Calamos
Government Money Market Fund, a series of Calamos Investment
Trust (GMMF). Calamos has contractually agreed to
waive, through February 29, 2009, a portion of its advisory
fee charged to the Fund, in an amount equal to the advisory fee
payable by GMMF to Calamos that is attributable to the
Funds investment in GMMF, based on daily net assets. The
amount equated to less than 0.005% of net assets attributable to
common shareholders. |
|
(6) |
|
The example does not include sales load or estimated offering
costs. |
The purpose of the table and the example above is to help
investors understand the fees and expenses that they, as common
shareholders, would bear directly or indirectly. For additional
information with respect to our expenses, see Management
of the Fund on page 33 of the accompanying prospectus.
MARKET
AND NET ASSET VALUE INFORMATION
Our common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange
(NYSE) under the symbol CSQ. Our common
shares commenced trading on the NYSE in March 2004.
Our common shares have traded both at a premium and at a
discount in relation to net asset value or NAV. We cannot
predict whether our shares will trade in the future at a premium
or discount to NAV. The provisions of the 1940 Act generally
require that the public offering price of common shares (less
any underwriting commissions and discounts) must equal or exceed
the NAV per share of a companys common stock (calculated
within 48 hours of pricing). Our issuance of common shares
may have an adverse effect on prices in the secondary market for
our common shares by increasing the number of common shares
available, which may put downward pressure on the market price
for our common shares. Shares of common stock of closed-end
investment companies frequently trade at a discount from NAV.
See Risk Factors Additional Risks to Common
Shareholders Market Discount Risk on
page 32 of the accompanying prospectus.
The following table sets forth for each of the periods indicated
the high and low closing market prices for our common shares on
the NYSE, the NAV per share and the premium or discount to NAV
per share at which our common shares were trading. NAV is
determined on the last business day of each month. See Net
Asset Value on page 41 of the accompanying prospectus
for information as to the determination of our NAV.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium/ (Discount)
|
|
|
|
Market Price(1)
|
|
|
Net Asset
|
|
|
to Net Asset Value(3)
|
|
Quarter Ended
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
|
Value(2)
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
|
January 31, 2008
|
|
$
|
14.54
|
|
|
$
|
13.09
|
|
|
$
|
14.38
|
|
|
|
1.11
|
%
|
|
|
(8.97
|
)%
|
April 30, 2008
|
|
|
13.96
|
|
|
|
11.23
|
|
|
|
14.11
|
|
|
|
(1.06
|
)%
|
|
|
(20.41
|
)%
|
July 31, 2008
|
|
|
13.15
|
|
|
|
10.05
|
|
|
|
12.31
|
|
|
|
6.82
|
%
|
|
|
(18.36
|
)%
|
Source: Bloomberg Financial and Fund Accounting Records.
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Based on high and low closing market price during the respective
quarter. |
S-7
|
|
|
(2) |
|
Based on the NAV calculated on the close of business on the last
business day of each calendar quarter. |
|
(3) |
|
Based on the Funds computations. |
The last reported sale price, NAV per common share and
percentage premium (discount) to NAV per common share on
August 22, 2008 were $10.96, $12.30 and (10.89)%,
respectively. As of August 22, 2008, we had
154,514,000 common shares outstanding and net assets of
approximately $1,900,696,389.
The following table provides information about our outstanding
securities as of August 22, 2008:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Held by the
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Fund or for
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
Title of Class
|
|
Authorized
|
|
|
its Account
|
|
|
Outstanding(1)
|
|
|
Common Shares
|
|
|
Unlimited
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
154,514,000
|
|
Preferred Shares
|
|
|
Unlimited
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
8,000
|
|
Series M
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
1,304
|
|
Series TU
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
1,304
|
|
Series W
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
1,304
|
|
Series TH
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
1,304
|
|
Series F
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
1,304
|
|
Series A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
740
|
|
Series B
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
740
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
As described in Prospectus Supplement Summary
Recent Developments, we redeemed approximately 81.5%,
or $880,000,000, in aggregate liquidation amount of our
outstanding ARPS with the proceeds of a margin loan. |
S-8
USE OF
PROCEEDS
Sales of our common shares, if any, under this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus may be made in
negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be
at the market as defined in Rule 415 under the
1933 Act, including sales made directly on the New York Stock
Exchange or sales made to or through a market maker other than
on an exchange. There is no guaranty that there will be any
sales of our common shares pursuant to this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Actual sales, if
any, of our common shares under this prospectus supplement and
the accompanying prospectus may be less than as set forth in
this paragraph. In addition, the price per share of any such
sale may be greater or less than the price set forth in this
paragraph, depending on the market price of our common shares at
the time of any such sale. As a result, the actual net proceeds
we receive may be more or less than the amount of net proceeds
estimated in this prospectus supplement. Assuming the sale of
all of our common shares offered under this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus, at the last reported
sale price of $10.96 per share for our common shares on the
New York Stock Exchange as of August 22, 2008, we estimate
that the net proceeds of this offering will be approximately
$86,603,200 after deducting the estimated underwriting discount
and our estimated offering expenses. We currently expect to use
proceeds of this offering primarily to redeem ARPS, to the
extent that there are outstanding ARPS. Such anticipated
primary use of the net proceeds, however, is dependent on
then-current market conditions and portfolio assessment by
management, among other factors. We may also use proceeds from
the sale of our common shares to invest in accordance with our
investment objective and policies within approximately three
months of receipt of such proceeds. In addition, we may use sale
proceeds to retire all or a portion of any short-term debt, and
for working capital purposes, including the payment of interest
and operating expenses, although there is currently no intent to
issue common shares for this purpose. See
Recent Developments above. Pending such
use of proceeds, we anticipate that we will invest the proceeds
in securities issued by the U.S. government or its agencies
or instrumentalities or in high quality, short-term or long-term
debt obligations.
S-9
RISK
FACTORS
Investing in our common shares involves risk, including the
risk that you may receive little or no return on your investment
or even that you may lose part or all of your investment.
Therefore, before investing in our common shares you should
consider carefully the following risk, as well as the risk
factors described in the accompanying prospectus.
Reduction
of Leverage Risk
We may take action to reduce the amount of leverage employed by
the Fund. For example, subject to then current market conditions
and portfolio management assessment, we expect to use the
proceeds of this offering primarily to redeem ARPS, to the
extent that there are outstanding ARPS. Reduction of the amount
of leverage employed by the Fund, including by redemption of
ARPS, will in turn reduce the amount of assets available for
investment in portfolio securities. This reduction in leverage
may negatively impact our financial performance, including our
ability to sustain current levels of distributions on common
shares.
PLAN OF
DISTRIBUTION
Under the sales agreement among the Fund, Calamos and
JonesTrading, upon written instructions from the Fund,
JonesTrading will use its commercially reasonable efforts
consistent with its sales and trading practices, to solicit
offers to purchase the common shares under the terms and subject
to the conditions set forth in the sales agreement.
JonesTradings solicitation will continue until we instruct
JonesTrading to suspend the solicitations and offers. We will
instruct JonesTrading as to the amount of common shares to be
sold by JonesTrading. We may instruct JonesTrading not to sell
common shares if the sales cannot be effected at or above the
price designated by the Fund in any instruction. We or
JonesTrading may suspend the offering of common shares upon
proper notice and subject to other conditions.
JonesTrading will provide written confirmation to the Fund not
later than the opening of the trading day on the New York Stock
Exchange following the trading day on which common shares are
sold under the sales agreement. Each confirmation will include
the number of shares sold on the preceding day, the net proceeds
to us and the compensation payable by the Fund to JonesTrading
in connection with the sales.
We will pay JonesTrading commissions for its services in acting
as agent in the sale of common shares. JonesTrading will be
entitled to compensation of 100 to 250 basis points of the
gross sales price per share of any common shares sold under the
sales agreement, with the exact amount of such compensation to
be mutually agreed upon by the Fund and JonesTrading from time
to time. There is no guaranty that there will be any sales of
our common shares pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus. Actual sales, if any, of our common
shares under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus may be less than as set forth in this paragraph. In
addition, the price per share of any such sale may be greater or
less than the price set forth in this paragraph, depending on
the market price of our common shares at the time of any such
sale. Assuming 8,000,000 of our common shares offered hereby are
sold at a market price of $10.96 per share (the last
reported sale price for our common shares on the New York Stock
Exchange on August 22, 2008), we estimate that the total
expenses for the offering, excluding compensation payable to
JonesTrading under the terms of the sales agreement, would be
approximately $200,000.
Settlement for sales of common shares will occur on the third
trading day following the date on which such sales are made, or
on some other date that is agreed upon by the Fund and
JonesTrading in connection with a particular transaction, in
return for payment of the net proceeds to the Fund. There is no
arrangement for funds to be received in an escrow, trust or
similar arrangement.
In connection with the sale of the common shares on our behalf,
JonesTrading may, and will with respect to sales effected in an
at the market offering, be deemed to be an
underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act,
and the compensation of JonesTrading may be deemed to be
underwriting commissions or discounts. We have agreed to provide
indemnification and contribution to JonesTrading against certain
civil liabilities, including liabilities under the 1933 Act.
The offering of our common shares pursuant to the sales
agreement will terminate upon the earlier of (1) the sale
of all common shares subject the sales agreement or
(2) termination of the sales agreement. The sales agreement
may be terminated by us in our sole discretion at any time by
giving notice to JonesTrading. In addition, JonesTrading may
terminate the sales agreement under the circumstances specified
in the sales agreement and in its sole discretion at any time
following a period of 12 months from the date of the sales
agreement by giving notice to us.
The principal business address of JonesTrading is 780
Third Avenue,
3rd Floor,
New York, New York 10017.
S-10
LEGAL
MATTERS
Bell, Boyd & Lloyd LLP (Bell Boyd),
Chicago, Illinois, which is serving as counsel to the Fund in
connection with the offering, will pass on the legality of the
issuance of the common shares offered hereby.
Kirkland & Ellis LLP is serving as counsel to Calamos.
Bell Boyd may rely on the opinion of Morris, Nichols,
Arsht & Tunnell LLP, Wilmington, Delaware, with
respect to certain matters of Delaware law.
EXPERTS
The financial statements and financial highlights in the
accompanying statement of additional information have been
audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent
registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report
appearing herein and elsewhere in the Registration Statement.
Such financial statements and financial highlights are included
in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their
authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
We are subject to the informational requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange
Act) and the 1940 Act and are required to file reports,
including annual and semi-annual reports, proxy statements and
other information with the Commission. Our most recent
shareholder report and most recent quarterly schedule of
portfolio holdings filed with the Commission are for the period
ended April 30, 2008. These documents are available on the
Commissions EDGAR system and can be inspected and copied
for a fee at the Commissions public reference room,
100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580,
Washington, D.C. 20549. Additional information about the
operation of the public reference room facilities may be
obtained by calling the Commission at
(202) 551-5850.
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do
not contain all of the information in our registration
statement, including amendments, exhibits, and schedules.
Statements in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus about the contents of any contract or other document
are not necessarily complete and in each instance reference is
made to the copy of the contract or other document filed as an
exhibit to the registration statement, each such statement being
qualified in all respects by this reference.
Additional information about us can be found in our registration
statement (including amendments, exhibits, and schedules) on
Form N-2
filed with the Commission. The Commission maintains a web site
(http://www.sec.gov)
that contains our registration statement, other documents
incorporated by reference, and other information we have filed
electronically with the Commission, including proxy statements
and reports filed under the Exchange Act.
S-11
Base
Prospectus
$350,000,000
Calamos
Strategic Total Return Fund
Common
Shares
Preferred Shares
Debt Securities
Calamos Strategic Total Return Fund (the Fund,
we or our) is a diversified, closed-end
management investment company which commenced investment
operations in March 2004. Our investment objective is to provide
total return through a combination of capital appreciation and
current income.
We may offer, on an immediate, continuous or delayed basis, up
to $350,000,000 aggregate initial offering price of our common
shares (no par value per share), preferred shares (liquidation
preference of $25,000 per share) or debt securities, which we
refer to in this prospectus collectively as our securities, in
one or more offerings. We may offer our common shares, preferred
shares and debt securities separately or together, in amounts,
at prices and on terms set forth in a prospectus supplement to
this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the related
prospectus supplement carefully before you decide to invest in
any of our securities.
We may offer our securities directly to one or more purchasers,
through agents that we or they designate from time to time, or
to or through underwriters or dealers. The prospectus supplement
relating to the particular offering will identify any agents or
underwriters involved in the sale of our securities, and will
set forth any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or
discount arrangement between us and such agents or underwriters
or among the underwriters or the basis upon which such amount
may be calculated. For more information about the manner in
which we may offer our securities, see Plan of
Distribution. Our securities may not be sold through
agents, underwriters or dealers without delivery of a prospectus
supplement.
Our common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange
under the symbol CSQ. As of March 6, 2008, the
last reported sale price for our common shares was $11.91.
Investing in our securities involves certain risks. You could
lose some or all of your investment. See Risk
Factors beginning on page 26 of this prospectus. You
should consider carefully these risks together with all of the
other information contained in this prospectus and any
prospectus supplement before making a decision to purchase our
securities.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
Prospectus dated March 11, 2008
This prospectus, together with any prospectus supplement, sets
forth concisely the information that you should know before
investing. You should read the prospectus and prospectus
supplement, which contain important information, before deciding
whether to invest in our securities. You should retain the
prospectus and prospectus supplement for future reference. A
statement of additional information, dated March 11, 2008,
as supplemented from time to time, containing additional
information, has been filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (Commission) and is incorporated by
reference in its entirety into this prospectus. You may request
a free copy of the statement of additional information, the
table of contents of which is on page 66 of this
prospectus, request a free copy of our annual and semi-annual
reports, request other information or make shareholder
inquiries, by calling toll-free
1-800-582-6959
or by writing to the Fund at 2020 Calamos Court, Naperville,
Illinois 60563. The Funds annual and semi-annual reports
also are available on our website at www.calamos.com, which also
provides a link to the Commissions website, as described
below, where the Funds statement of additional information
can be obtained. Information included on our website does not
form part of this prospectus. You can review and copy documents
we have filed at the Commissions Public Reference Room in
Washington, D.C. Call 1-202-551-8090 for information. The
Commission charges a fee for copies. You can get the same
information free from the Commissions website
(http://www.sec.gov).
You may also
e-mail
requests for these documents to
publicinfo@sec.gov
or make a request in writing to the Commissions Public
Reference Section, Room 1580, Washington, D.C.
20549-0102.
Our securities do not represent a deposit or obligation of, and
are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured
depository institution and is not federally insured by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board
or any other government agency.
Table of
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You should rely only on the information contained or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any related
prospectus supplement in making your investment decisions. We
have not authorized any other person to provide you with
different or inconsistent information. If anyone provides you
with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely
on it. This prospectus and any prospectus supplement do not
constitute an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy
any securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is
not permitted. The information appearing in this prospectus and
in any prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the dates on
their covers. Our business, financial condition and prospects
may have changed since such dates. We will advise investors of
any material changes to the extent required by applicable
law.
i
CAUTIONARY
NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and the
statement of additional information contain
forward-looking statements. Forward-looking
statements can be identified by the words may,
will, intend, expect,
estimate, continue, plan,
anticipate, and similar terms and the negative of
such terms. Such forward-looking statements may be contained in
this prospectus as well as in any accompanying prospectus
supplement. By their nature, all forward-looking statements
involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results could differ
materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking
statements. Several factors that could materially affect our
actual results are the performance of the portfolio of
securities we hold, the price at which our shares will trade in
the public markets and other factors discussed in our periodic
filings with the Commission.
Although we believe that the expectations expressed in our
forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could
differ materially from those projected or assumed in our
forward-looking statements. Our future financial condition and
results of operations, as well as any forward-looking
statements, are subject to change and are subject to inherent
risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed in the
Risk Factors section of this prospectus. All
forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by
reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus
supplement are made as of the date of this prospectus or the
accompanying prospectus supplement, as the case may be. Except
for our ongoing obligations under the federal securities laws,
we do not intend, and we undertake no obligation, to update any
forward-looking statement. The forward-looking statements
contained in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus
supplement and the statement of additional information are
excluded from the safe harbor protection provided by
section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
1933 Act).
Currently known risk factors that could cause actual results to
differ materially from our expectations include, but are not
limited to, the factors described in the Risk
Factors section of this prospectus. We urge you to review
carefully that section for a more detailed discussion of the
risks of an investment in our securities.
ii
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
The following summary contains basic information about us and
our securities. It is not complete and may not contain all of
the information you may want to consider. You should review the
more detailed information contained in this prospectus and in
any related prospectus supplement and in the statement of
additional information, especially the information set forth
under the heading Risk Factors beginning on
page 30 of this prospectus.
The
Fund
The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment
company. We commenced operations in March 2004 following our
initial public offering. As of the date of this prospectus, we
have $1,080,000,000 of auction rate preferred shares
(Preferred Shares) outstanding. Our fiscal year ends
on October 31. Our investment objective is to provide total
return through a combination of capital appreciation and current
income.
Investment
Adviser
Calamos Advisors LLC (the Adviser or
Calamos) serves as our investment adviser. Calamos
is responsible on a day-to-day basis for investment of the
Funds portfolio in accordance with its investment
objective and policies. Calamos makes all investment decisions
for the Fund and places purchase and sale orders for the
Funds portfolio securities. As of December 31, 2007,
Calamos managed approximately $46.2 billion in assets of
individuals and institutions. Calamos is a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Calamos Holdings, LLC (Holdings) and
an indirect subsidiary of Calamos Asset Management, Inc., a
publicly traded holding company.
The Fund pays Calamos an annual fee, payable monthly, for its
investment management services equal to 1.00% of the Funds
average weekly managed assets. Managed Assets means
the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable
to any leverage that may be outstanding) minus the sum of
accrued liabilities (other than debt representing financial
leverage). See Management of the Fund.
The principal business address of the Adviser is 2020 Calamos
Court, Naperville, Illinois 60563.
The
Offering
We may offer, on an immediate, continuous or delayed basis, up
to $350,000,000 of our securities on terms to be determined at
the time of the offering. Our securities will be offered at
prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more prospectus
supplements to this prospectus. Preferred shares and debt
securities (collectively, senior securities) may be
auction rate securities, in which case the senior securities
will not be listed on any exchange or automated quotation
system. Rather, investors generally may only buy and sell senior
securities through an auction conducted by an auction agent and
participating broker-dealers.
We may offer our securities directly to one or more purchasers,
through agents that we or they designate from time to time, or
to or through underwriters or dealers. The prospectus supplement
relating to the offering will identify any agents or
underwriters involved in the sale of our securities, and will
set forth any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or
discount arrangement between us and such agents or underwriters
or among underwriters or the basis upon which such amount may be
calculated. See Plan of Distribution. Our securities
may not be sold through agents, underwriters or dealers without
delivery of a prospectus supplement describing the method and
terms of the offering of our securities.
Use of
Proceeds
Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement, we intend
to use the net proceeds from the sale of our securities
primarily to invest in accordance with our investment objective
and policies within approximately three months of receipt of
such proceeds. We also may use sale proceeds to retire all or a
portion of any short-term debt, and for working capital
purposes, including the payment of interest and operating
expenses, although there is currently no intent to issue
securities primarily for this purpose.
1
Dividends
and Distributions on Common Shares
The Fund has made regular monthly distributions to its common
shareholders in amounts ranging from $0.0750 to $0.1025 per
share since June 2004. Additionally, the Fund made a
distribution of $0.0398 in January 2008. The Fund intends to
distribute to common shareholders all or a portion of its net
investment income monthly and net realized capital gains, if
any, at least annually.
The Fund currently intends to make monthly distributions to
common shareholders at a level rate established by the Board of
Trustees. The rate may be modified by the Board of Trustees from
time to time. Monthly distributions may include net investment
income, net realized short-term capital gains and, if necessary
to maintain a level distribution, return of capital. The Fund
may at times in its discretion pay out less than the entire
amount of net investment income earned in any particular period
and may at times pay out such accumulated undistributed income
in addition to net investment income earned in other periods in
order to permit the Fund to maintain a more stable level of
distributions. As a result, the dividends paid by the Fund to
holders of common shares for any particular period may be more
or less than the amount of net investment income earned by the
Fund during such period. Net realized short-term capital gain
distributed to shareholders will be taxed as ordinary income for
federal income tax purposes. In addition, one distribution per
calendar year may include net realized long-term capital gain
(if any), which will be taxed for federal income tax purposes at
long-term capital gain rates. To the extent the Fund distributes
an amount in excess of the Funds current and accumulated
earnings and profits, such excess, if any, will be treated by a
shareholder for federal income tax purposes as a tax-free return
of capital to the extent of the shareholders adjusted tax
basis in his, her or its shares and thereafter as a gain from
the sale or exchange of such shares. Any such distributions made
by the Fund will reduce the shareholders adjusted tax
basis in his, her or its shares to the extent that the
distribution constitutes a return of capital. To date, however,
none of the Funds distributions have included a return of
capital as determined on a tax basis during any calendar year.
To the extent that the Funds distributions exceed the
Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits, the
distribution payout rate will exceed the yield generated from
the Funds investments. There is no guarantee that the Fund
will realize capital gain in any given year. Pursuant to the
requirements of the 1940 Act and other applicable laws, a notice
would accompany each monthly distribution with respect to the
estimated source of the distribution made. Distributions are
subject to re-characterization for federal income tax purposes
after the end of the fiscal year.
In January 2004, Calamos, on behalf of itself and certain funds
that it manages, filed an exemptive application with the
Commission seeking an order under the 1940 Act facilitating the
implementation of a dividend policy calling for monthly
distributions of a fixed percentage of its net asset value
(Managed Dividend Policy). In March 2007, an amended
and restated exemptive application was filed with the
Commission. If, and when, Calamos, on behalf of itself and other
parties, receives the requested relief, the Fund may, subject to
the determination of its Board of Trustees, implement a Managed
Dividend Policy. Under a Managed Dividend Policy, if, for any
distribution, net investment income and net realized capital
gains were less than the amount of the distribution, the
differences would be distributed from the Funds other
assets. There can be no assurance that the Fund will receive the
requested relief.
Pursuant to the Funds Automatic Dividend Reinvestment
Plan, unless a shareholder is ineligible or elects otherwise,
all dividends and capital gain distributions on common shares
are automatically reinvested in additional common shares of the
Fund. However, an investor can choose to receive dividends and
distributions in cash. Since investors can participate in the
automatic dividend reinvestment plan only if their broker or
nominee participates in our plan, you should contact your broker
or nominee to confirm that you are eligible to participate in
the plan. See Dividends and Distributions; Automatic
Dividend Reinvestment Plan.
Investment
Policies
Primary Investments. Under normal
circumstances, the Fund will invest primarily in common and
preferred stocks, convertible securities and income producing
securities such as investment grade and below investment grade
(high yield/high risk) debt securities. The Fund, under normal
circumstances, will invest at least 50% of its managed assets in
equity securities (including securities that are convertible
into equity securities). The Fund may invest up to 35% of its
managed assets in securities of foreign issuers, including debt
and equity securities of corporate issuers and debt securities
of government issuers, in developed and emerging markets. The
Fund may invest up to 15% of its
2
managed assets in securities of foreign issuers in emerging
markets. Managed assets means the total assets of
the Fund (including any assets attributable to any leverage that
may be outstanding) minus the sum of accrued liabilities (other
than debt representing financial leverage). For this purpose the
liquidation preference on any preferred shares will not
constitute a liability.
Calamos will dynamically allocate the Funds investments
among multiple asset classes, seeking to obtain an appropriate
balance of risk and reward through all market cycles using
multiple strategies and combining them to seek to achieve
favorable risk adjusted returns. See Investment Objective
and Principal Investment Strategies Principal
Investment Strategies.
Equity Securities. Equity securities include
common and preferred stocks, warrants, rights, and depository
receipts. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at
least 50% of its managed assets in equity securities (including
securities that are convertible into equity securities). An
investment in the equity securities of a company represents a
proportionate ownership interest in that company. Therefore, the
Fund participates in the financial success or failure of any
company in which it has an equity interest.
High Yield Securities. The Fund may invest in
high yield securities for either current income or capital
appreciation or both. These securities are rated Ba or lower by
Moodys or BB or lower by Standard & Poors
or are unrated securities of comparable quality as determined by
Calamos, the Funds investment adviser. The Fund may invest
in high yield securities of any rating. Non-convertible debt
securities rated below investment grade are commonly referred to
as junk bonds and are considered speculative with
respect to the issuers capacity to pay interest and repay
principal. They involve greater risk of loss, are subject to
greater price volatility and are less liquid, especially during
periods of economic uncertainty or change, than higher rated
securities. See Investment Objective and Principal
Investment Strategies Principal Investment
Strategies High Yield Securities.
Foreign Issuers. Although the Fund primarily
invests in securities of U.S. issuers, the Fund may invest
up to 35% of its managed assets in securities of foreign issuers
in developed and emerging markets, including debt and equity
securities of corporate issuers and debt securities of
government issuers. The Fund may invest up to 15% of its managed
assets in securities of foreign issuers in emerging markets. A
foreign issuer is a foreign government or a company organized
under the laws of a foreign country. For purposes of these
percentage limitations, foreign securities do not include
securities represented by American Depository Receipts
(ADRs) or securities guaranteed by a
U.S. person. See Investment Objective and Principal
Investment Strategies Principal Investment
Strategies Foreign Securities.
Convertible Securities. The Fund may invest in
convertible securities. A convertible security is a debt
security or preferred stock that is exchangeable for an equity
security (typically of the same issuer) at a predetermined price
(the conversion price). Depending upon the
relationship of the conversion price to the market value of the
underlying security, a convertible security may trade more like
an equity security than a debt instrument. The Fund may invest
in convertible securities of any rating. Securities that are
convertible into equity securities are considered equity
securities for purposes of the Funds policy to invest at
least 50% of its managed assets in equity securities. See
Investment Objective and Principal Investment
Strategies Principal Investment
Strategies Convertible Securities.
Synthetic Convertible Securities. The Fund may
invest in synthetic convertible securities. A
synthetic convertible security is a financial instrument that is
designed to simulate the characteristics of another instrument
(i.e., a convertible security) through the combined features of
a collection of other securities or assets. Calamos may create a
synthetic convertible security by combining separate securities
that possess the two principal characteristics of a true
convertible security, i.e., a fixed-income security
(fixed-income component, which may be a convertible
or non-convertible security) and the right to acquire an equity
security (convertible component). The fixed-income
component is achieved by investing in non-convertible,
fixed-income securities such as bonds, preferred stocks and
money market instruments. The convertible component is achieved
by investing in warrants or options to buy common stock at a
certain exercise price, or options on a stock index.
The Fund may also invest in synthetic convertible securities
created by third parties, typically investment banks. Synthetic
convertible securities created by such parties may be designed
to simulate the characteristics of traditional convertible
securities or may be designed to alter or emphasize a particular
feature. Traditional
3
convertible securities typically offer stable cash flows with
the ability to participate in capital appreciation of the
underlying common stock. Because traditional convertible
securities are exercisable at the option of the holder, the
holder is protected against downside risk. Synthetic convertible
securities may alter these characteristics by offering enhanced
yields in exchange for reduced capital appreciation or less
downside protection, or any combination of these features.
Synthetic convertible instruments may include structured notes,
equity-linked notes, mandatory convertibles and combinations of
securities and instruments, such as a debt instrument combined
with a forward contract. The Funds holdings of synthetic
convertible securities are considered equity securities for
purposes of the Funds policy to invest at least 50% of its
managed assets in equity securities. See Investment
Objective and Principal Investment Strategies
Principal Investment Strategies Synthetic
Convertible Securities.
Rule 144A Securities. The Fund may invest
without limit in certain securities (Rule 144A
Securities), such as convertible and debt securities, that
are typically purchased in transactions exempt from the
registration requirements of the 1933 Act pursuant to
Rule 144A under that act. Rule 144A Securities may
only be sold to qualified institutional buyers, such as the
Fund. Any resale of these securities must generally be effected
through a sale that is registered under the 1933 Act or
otherwise exempted or excepted from such registration
requirements. Under the supervision of the Funds Board of
Trustees, Calamos will determine whether Rule 144A
Securities are illiquid. Typically, the Fund purchases
Rule 144A Securities only if Calamos has determined them to
be liquid. If any Rule 144A Security held by the Fund
should become illiquid, the value of the security may be reduced
and a sale of the security may be more difficult. See
Investment Objective and Principal Investment
Strategies Principal Investment
Strategies Rule 144A Securities.
Zero Coupon Securities. The securities in
which the Fund invests may include zero coupon securities, which
are debt obligations that are issued or purchased at a
significant discount from face value. The discount approximates
the total amount of interest the security will accrue and
compound over the period until maturity or the particular
interest payment date at a rate of interest reflecting the
market rate of the security at the time of issuance. Zero coupon
securities do not require the periodic payment of interest.
These investments benefit the issuer by mitigating its need for
cash to meet debt service, but generally require a higher rate
of return to attract investors who are willing to defer receipt
of cash. These investments may experience greater volatility in
market value than U.S. government or other securities that
make regular payments of interest. The Fund accrues income on
these investments for tax and accounting purposes, which is
distributable to shareholders and which, because no cash is
received at the time of accrual, may require the liquidation of
other portfolio securities to satisfy the Funds
distribution obligations, in which case the Fund will forgo the
opportunity to purchase additional income producing assets with
the liquidation proceeds. Zero coupon U.S. government
securities include STRIPS and CUBES, which are issued by the
U.S. Treasury as component parts of U.S. Treasury
bonds and represent scheduled interest and principal payments on
the bonds. See Investment Objective and Principal
Investment Strategies Principal Investment
Strategies Zero Coupon Securities.
Options Writing. The Fund may seek to generate
income from option premiums by writing (selling) options. The
Fund may write call options (i) on a portion of the equity
securities (including securities that are convertible into
equity securities) in the Funds portfolio and (ii) on
broad-based securities indexes (such as the S&P
500) or certain ETFs (exchange traded funds) that trade
like common stocks but seek to replicate such market indexes.
In addition, to seek to offset some of the risk of a potential
decline in value of certain long positions, the Fund may also
purchase put options on individual securities, broad-based
securities indexes (such as the S&P 500), or certain ETFs
that trade like common stocks but seek to replicate such market
indexes.
Other Securities. The Fund may invest in other
securities of various types to the extent consistent with its
investment objective. Normally, the Fund invests substantially
all of its assets to meet its investment objective. For
temporary defensive purposes, the Fund may depart from its
principal investment strategies and invest part or all of its
assets in securities with remaining maturities of less than one
year, cash equivalents, or may hold cash. During such periods,
the Fund may not be able to achieve its investment objective.
There are no restrictions as to the ratings of debt securities
acquired by the Fund or the portion of the Funds assets
that may be invested in debt securities in a particular ratings
category. See Investment Objective and Principal
Investment Strategies Principal Investment
Strategies.
4
Use of
Leverage by the Fund
The Fund currently uses, and may in the future use, financial
leverage. On May 4, 2004, the Fund issued preferred shares
with an aggregate liquidation preference of $1,080,000,000. As
of December 31, 2007, the aggregate liquidation preference
of outstanding preferred shares represented approximately 31.18%
of the Funds total assets. The Fund may make further use
of financial leverage through the issuance of additional
preferred shares or may borrow money or issue debt securities.
As a non-fundamental policy, the aggregate liquidation
preference of preferred shares and the aggregate principal
amount of debt securities or borrowings may not exceed 38% of
the Funds total assets. However, the Board of Trustees
reserves the right to issue preferred shares or debt securities
or borrow to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. See
Leverage.
The Fund may not be leveraged at all times and the amount of
leverage, if any, may vary depending upon a variety of factors,
including Calamos outlook for the market and the costs
that the Fund would incur as a result of such leverage. Leverage
involves greater risks to common shareholders. The Funds
leveraging strategy may not be successful. By leveraging its
investment portfolio, the Fund creates an opportunity for
increased net income or capital appreciation. However, the use
of leverage also involves risks, which can be significant. These
risks include the possibility that the value of the assets
acquired with the proceeds of leverage decreases although the
Funds liability to holders of preferred shares or other
types of leverage is fixed, greater volatility in the
Funds net asset value and the market price of the
Funds common shares, and higher expenses. In addition, the
rights of lenders, the holders of preferred shares and the
holders of debt securities issued by the Fund will be senior to
the rights of the holders of common shares with respect to the
payment of dividends or upon liquidation. Holders of preferred
shares have voting rights in addition to, and separate from, the
voting rights of common shareholders. See Description of
Securities Preferred Shares and Certain
Provisions of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and
Bylaws. The holders of preferred shares, on the one hand,
and the holders of the common shares, on the other, may have
interests that conflict in certain situations.
Because Calamos management fee is based upon a percentage
of the Funds managed assets, which include assets
attributable to any outstanding leverage, Calamos fee is
higher when the Fund is leveraged and Calamos will have an
incentive to leverage the Fund. The Fund pays and common
shareholders effectively bear any costs and expenses relating to
any borrowings and to the issuance and ongoing maintenance of
preferred shares or debt securities. See Leverage
and Risk Factors Leverage.
Interest
Rate Transactions
In order to seek to reduce the interest rate risk inherent in
the Funds underlying investments and capital structure,
the Fund, if market conditions are deemed favorable, may enter
into interest rate swap or cap transactions to attempt to
protect itself from increasing dividend or interest expenses on
its leverage. The use of interest rate swaps and caps is a
highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques
and risks different from those associated with ordinary
portfolio security transactions.
In an interest rate swap, the Fund would agree to pay to the
other party to the interest rate swap (which is known as the
counterparty) a fixed rate payment in exchange for
the counterparty agreeing to pay to the Fund a payment at a
variable rate that is expected to approximate the rate on any
variable rate payment obligation on the Funds leverage.
The payment obligations would be based on the notional amount of
the swap.
In an interest rate cap, the Fund would pay a premium to the
counterparty to the interest rate cap and, to the extent that a
specified variable rate index exceeds a predetermined fixed
rate, would receive from the counterparty payments of the
difference based on the notional amount of such cap. Depending
on the state of interest rates in general, the Funds use
of interest rate swap or cap transactions could enhance or harm
the overall performance of the common shares. See Interest
Rate Transactions.
Conflicts
of Interest
Conflicts of interest may arise from the fact that Calamos and
its affiliates carry on substantial investment activities for
other clients, in which we have no interest. Calamos or its
affiliates may have financial incentives to favor certain of
these accounts over us. Any of their proprietary accounts or
other customer accounts may compete
5
with us for specific trades. Calamos or its affiliates may give
advice and recommend securities to, or buy or sell securities
for, other accounts and customers, which advice or securities
recommended may differ from advice given to, or securities
recommended or bought or sold for, us, even though their
investment objectives may be the same as, or similar to, our
objective.
Situations may occur when we could be disadvantaged because of
the investment activities conducted by Calamos and its
affiliates for their other accounts. Such situations may be
based on, among other things, the following: (1) legal or
internal restrictions on the combined size of positions that may
be taken for us or the other accounts, thereby limiting the size
of our position; or (2) the difficulty of liquidating an
investment for us or the other accounts where the market cannot
absorb the sale of the combined position. See Investment
Objective and Principal Investment Strategies
Conflicts of Interest.
Fund Risks
Equity Securities Risk. Equity investments are
subject to greater fluctuations in market value than other asset
classes as a result of such factors as the issuers
business performance, investor perceptions, stock market trends
and general economic conditions. Equity securities are
subordinated to bonds and other debt instruments in a
companys capital structure in terms of priority to
corporate income and liquidation payments. See Risk
Factors Fund Risks Equity
Securities Risk.
High Yield Securities Risk. The Fund may
invest in high yield securities of any rating. Investment in
high yield securities involves substantial risk of loss. Below
investment grade non-convertible debt securities or comparable
unrated securities are commonly referred to as junk
bonds and are considered predominantly speculative with
respect to the issuers ability to pay interest and
principal and are susceptible to default or decline in market
value due to adverse economic and business developments. The
market values for high yield securities tend to be very
volatile, and these securities are less liquid than investment
grade debt securities. For these reasons, your investment in the
Fund is subject to the following specific risks:
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increased price sensitivity to changing interest rates and to a
deteriorating economic environment;
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greater risk of loss due to default or declining credit quality;
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greater sensitivity to adverse company specific events, which
are more likely to render the issuer unable to make interest
and/or
principal payments; and
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if a negative perception of the high yield market develops, the
price and liquidity of high yield securities may be depressed.
This negative perception could last for a significant period of
time.
|
Adverse changes in economic conditions are more likely to lead
to a weakened capacity of a high yield issuer to make principal
payments and interest payments than an investment grade issuer.
The principal amount of high yield securities outstanding has
proliferated in the past decade as an increasing number of
issuers have used high yield securities for corporate financing.
An economic downturn could severely affect the ability of highly
leveraged issuers to service their debt obligations or to repay
their obligations upon maturity.
The secondary market for high yield securities may not be as
liquid as the secondary market for more highly rated securities,
a factor which may have an adverse effect on the Funds
ability to dispose of a particular security. There are fewer
dealers in the market for high yield securities than for
investment grade obligations. The prices quoted by different
dealers may vary significantly and the spread between the bid
and asked price is generally much larger than for higher quality
instruments. Under adverse market or economic conditions, the
secondary market for high yield securities could contract
further, independent of any specific adverse changes in the
condition of a particular issuer, and these instruments may
become illiquid. As a result, the Fund could find it more
difficult to sell these securities or may be able to sell the
securities only at prices lower than if such securities were
widely traded. Prices realized upon the sale of such lower rated
or unrated securities, under these circumstances, may be less
than the prices used in calculating the Funds net asset
value. See Risk Factors
Fund Risks High Yield Securities Risk.
6
Interest Rate Risk. In addition to the risks
discussed above, debt securities, including high yield
securities, are subject to certain risks, including:
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if interest rates go up, the value of debt securities in the
Funds portfolio generally will decline;
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during periods of declining interest rates, the issuer of a
security may exercise its option to prepay principal earlier
than scheduled, forcing the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding
securities. This is known as call or prepayment risk. Debt
securities frequently have call features that allow the issuer
to repurchase the security prior to its stated maturity. An
issuer may redeem an obligation if the issuer can refinance the
debt at a lower cost due to declining interest rates or an
improvement in the credit standing of the issuer;
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during periods of rising interest rates, the average life of
certain types of securities may be extended because of slower
than expected principal payments. This may lock in a below
market interest rate, increase the securitys duration (the
estimated period until the security is paid in full) and reduce
the value of the security. This is known as extension
risk; and
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market interest rates currently are near historically low
levels. See Risk Factors Fund Risks
Interest Rate Risk.
|
Default Risk. Default risk refers to the risk
that a company who issues a debt security will be unable to
fulfill its obligations to repay principal and interest. The
lower a debt security is rated, the greater the default risk.
See Risk Factors Fund Risks
Default Risk.
Liquidity Risk. The Fund may invest up to 15%
of its managed assets in securities that, at the time of
investment, are illiquid (determined using the Commissions
standard applicable to investment companies, i.e., securities
that cannot be disposed of within 7 days in the ordinary
course of business at approximately the value at which the Fund
has valued the securities). The Fund may also invest without
limit in securities that have not been registered for public
sale, but that are eligible for purchase and sale by certain
qualified institutional buyers. Calamos, under the supervision
of the Board of Trustees, will determine whether securities
purchased under Rule 144A are illiquid (that is, not
readily marketable) and thus subject to the Funds limit of
investing no more than 15% of its managed assets in illiquid
securities. Investments in Rule 144A Securities could have
the effect of increasing the amount of the Funds assets
invested in illiquid securities if qualified institutional
buyers are unwilling to purchase these Rule 144A
Securities. Illiquid securities may be difficult to dispose of
at a fair price at the times when the Fund believes it is
desirable to do so. Investment of the Funds assets in
illiquid securities may restrict the Funds ability to take
advantage of other market opportunities. The market price of
illiquid securities generally is more volatile than that of more
liquid securities, which may adversely affect the price that the
Fund pays for or recovers upon the sale of illiquid securities.
Illiquid securities are also more difficult to value and
Calamos judgment may play a greater role in the valuation
process. The risks associated with illiquid securities may be
particularly acute in situations in which the Funds
operations require cash and could result in the Fund borrowing
to meet its short-term needs or incurring losses on the sale of
illiquid securities. See Risk Factors
Liquidity Risk.
Foreign Securities Risk. Investments in
non-U.S. issuers
may involve unique risks compared to investing in securities of
U.S. issuers. These risks are more pronounced to the extent
that the Fund invests a significant portion of its
non-U.S. investments
in one region or in the securities of emerging market issuers.
These risks may include:
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less information about
non-U.S. issuers
or markets may be available due to less rigorous disclosure or
accounting standards or regulatory practices;
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many
non-U.S. markets
are smaller, less liquid and more volatile. In a changing
market, Calamos may not be able to sell the Funds
portfolio securities at times, in amounts and at prices it
considers reasonable;
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an adverse effect of currency exchange rates or controls on the
value of the Funds investments;
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the economies of
non-U.S. countries
may grow at slower rates than expected or may experience a
downturn or recession;
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economic, political and social developments may adversely affect
the securities markets, including expropriation and
nationalization;
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7
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the difficulty in obtaining or enforcing a court judgment in
non-U.S. countries;
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restrictions on foreign investments in
non-U.S. jurisdictions;
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difficulties in effecting the repatriation of capital invested
in
non-U.S. countries; and
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withholding and other
non-U.S. taxes
may decrease the Funds return.
|
See Risk Factors Fund Risks
Foreign Securities Risk.
Convertible Securities Risk. The value of a
convertible security is influenced by both the yield of
non-convertible securities of comparable issuers and by the
value of the underlying common stock. The value of a convertible
security viewed without regard to its conversion feature (i.e.,
strictly on the basis of its yield) is sometimes referred to as
its investment value. A convertible securitys
investment value tends to decline as prevailing interest rate
levels increase. Conversely, a convertible securitys
investment value increases as prevailing interest rate levels
decline.
However, the convertibles market value tends to reflect
the market price of the common stock of the issuing company when
that stock price is greater than the convertibles
conversion price. The conversion price is defined as
the predetermined price at which the convertible could be
exchanged for the associated stock. As the market price of the
underlying common stock declines, the price of the convertible
security tends to be influenced more by the yield of the
convertible security. Thus, the convertible security may not
decline in price to the same extent as the underlying common
stock. In the event of a liquidation of the issuing company,
holders of convertible securities would be paid before the
companys common stockholders. Consequently, the
issuers convertible securities generally entail less risk
than its common stock. See Risk Factors
Fund Risks Convertible Securities Risk.
Synthetic Convertible Securities Risk. The
value of a synthetic convertible security may respond
differently to market fluctuations than a convertible security
because a synthetic convertible is composed of two or more
separate securities, each with its own market value. In
addition, if the value of the underlying common stock or the
level of the index involved in the convertible component falls
below the exercise price of the warrant or option, the warrant
or option may lose all value. See Risk Factors
Fund Risks Synthetic Convertible Securities
Risk.
Risks Associated with Options. There are
several risks associated with transactions in options. For
example, there are significant differences between the
securities markets and options markets that could result in an
imperfect correlation among these markets, causing a given
transaction not to achieve its objectives. A decision as to
whether, when and how to use options involves the exercise of
skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived transaction may be
unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or
unexpected events. The Funds ability to utilize options
successfully will depend on Calamos ability to predict
pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured.
The Fund may sell call options on individual securities and
securities indices. All calls sold by the Fund must be
covered. Even though the Fund will receive the
option premium to help protect it against loss, a call option
sold by the Fund exposes the Fund during the term of the option
to possible loss of opportunity to realize appreciation in the
market price of the underlying security or instrument and may
require the Fund to hold a security or instrument that it might
otherwise have sold. The Fund may purchase and sell put options
on individual securities and securities indices. In selling put
options, there is a risk that the Fund may be required to buy
the underlying security at a disadvantageous price above the
market price. See Risk Factors
Fund Risks Risks Associated with Options.
Tax Risk. The Fund may invest in certain
securities, such as certain convertible securities, for which
the federal income tax treatment may not be clear or may be
subject to re-characterization by the Internal Revenue Service.
It could be more difficult for the Fund to comply with the tax
requirements applicable to regulated investment companies if the
tax characterization of the Funds investments or the tax
treatment of the income from such investments were successfully
challenged by the Internal Revenue Service. See Certain
Federal Income Tax Matters.
Management Risk. Calamos judgment about
the attractiveness, relative value or potential appreciation of
a particular sector, security or investment strategy may prove
to be incorrect. See Risk Factors
Fund Risks Management Risk.
8
Antitakeover Provisions. The Funds
Agreement and Declaration of Trust and Bylaws include provisions
that could limit the ability of other entities or persons to
acquire control of the Fund or to change the composition of its
Board of Trustees. Such provisions could limit the ability of
shareholders to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing
market prices by discouraging a third party from seeking to
obtain control of the Fund. These provisions include staggered
terms of office for the Trustees, advance notice requirements
for shareholder proposals, and super-majority voting
requirements for certain transactions with affiliates,
converting the Fund to an open-end investment company or a
merger, asset sale or similar transaction. Holders of preferred
shares will have voting rights in addition to and separate from
the voting rights of common shareholders with respect to certain
of these matters. See Description of Shares
Preferred Shares and Certain Provisions of the
Agreement and Declaration of Trust and Bylaws. The holders
of preferred shares, on the one hand, and the holders of the
common shares, on the other, may have interests that conflict in
these situations. See Risk Factors
Fund Risks Antitakeover Provisions.
Market Disruption Risk. Certain events have a
disruptive effect on the securities markets, such as terrorist
attacks, war and other geopolitical events, earthquakes, storms
and other disasters. The Fund cannot predict the effects of
similar events in the future on the U.S. economy or any
foreign economy.
Additional
Risks to Common Shareholders
Leverage Risk. The Fund has issued Preferred
Shares and may issue additional preferred shares or borrow money
or issue debt securities. The borrowing of money or issuance of
debt securities and preferred shares, including the outstanding
Preferred Shares, represents the leveraging of the Funds
common shares. As a non-fundamental policy, the aggregate
liquidation preference of preferred shares and the aggregate
principal amount of debt securities or borrowings may not exceed
38% of the Funds total assets. Leverage creates risks
which may adversely affect the return for the holders of common
shares, including:
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the likelihood of greater volatility of net asset value and
market price of the Funds common shares;
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fluctuations in the dividend rates on any preferred shares or in
interest rates on borrowings and short-term debt;
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increased operating costs, which are effectively borne by common
shareholders, may reduce the Funds total return; and
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the potential for a decline in the value of an investment
acquired with borrowed funds, while the Funds obligations
under such borrowing or preferred shares remain fixed.
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Leverage is a speculative technique that could adversely affect
the returns to common shareholders. Leverage can cause the Fund
to lose money and can magnify the effect of any losses. To the
extent the income or capital appreciation derived from
securities purchased with funds received from leverage exceeds
the cost of leverage, the Funds return will be greater
than if leverage had not been used. Conversely, if the income or
capital appreciation from the securities purchased with such
funds is not sufficient to cover the cost of leverage or if the
Fund incurs capital losses, the return of the Fund will be less
than if leverage had not been used, and therefore the amount
available for distribution to common shareholders as dividends
and other distributions will be reduced or potentially
eliminated.
The Fund will pay, and common shareholders will effectively
bear, any costs and expenses relating to any borrowings and to
the issuance and ongoing maintenance of preferred shares or debt
securities. Such costs and expenses include the higher
management fee resulting from the use of any such leverage,
offering
and/or
issuance costs, and interest
and/or
dividend expense and ongoing maintenance. The markets for
auction rate securities have continued to face widening spreads,
reduced demand and, more recently, an increased number of failed
auctions. These conditions may result in higher leverage costs
to common stockholders.
Certain types of borrowings may result in the Fund being subject
to covenants in credit agreements, including those relating to
asset coverage, borrowing base and portfolio composition
requirements and additional covenants that may affect the
Funds ability to pay dividends and distributions on common
shares in certain instances. The Fund may also be required to
pledge its assets to the lenders in connection with certain
types of borrowings. The
9
Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on investments
imposed by guidelines of one or more nationally recognized
statistical rating organizations (NRSROs) which may
issue ratings for the preferred shares or short-term debt
instruments issued by the Fund. These guidelines may impose
asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are
more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. See
Risk Factors Leverage.
Interest Rate Transactions Risk. The Fund may
enter into an interest rate swap or cap transaction to attempt
to protect itself from increasing dividend or interest expense
on its leverage resulting from increasing short-term interest
rates. A decline in interest rates may result in a decline in
the value of the swap or cap, which may result in a decline in
the net asset value of the Fund. See Risk
Factors Interest Rate Transactions Risk.
Market Impact Risk. The sale of our common
shares (or the perception that such sales may occur) may have an
adverse effect on prices in the secondary market for our common
shares by increasing the number of shares available, which may
put downward pressure on the market price for our common shares.
These sales also might make it more difficult for us to sell
additional equity securities in the future at a time and price
we deem appropriate.
Dilution Risk. The voting power of current
shareholders will be diluted to the extent that such
shareholders do not purchase shares in any future common share
offerings or do not purchase sufficient shares to maintain their
percentage interest. In addition, if we are unable to invest the
proceeds of such offering as intended, our per share
distribution may decrease (or may consist of return of capital)
and we may not participate in market advances to the same extent
as if such proceeds were fully invested as planned.
Market Discount Risk. The Funds common
shares have traded both at a premium and at a discount relative
to net asset value. Common shares of closed-end investment
companies frequently trade at prices lower than their net asset
value. Depending on the premium of the Funds common
shares, the Funds net asset value may be reduced
immediately following an offering of the Funds common
shares by the offering expenses paid by the Fund, including the
sales load. See Use of Proceeds.
In addition to net asset value, the market price of the
Funds common shares may be affected by such factors as the
Funds use of leverage, dividend stability, portfolio
credit quality, liquidity, market supply and demand of the
common shares and the Funds dividends paid (which are, in
turn, affected by expenses), call protection for portfolio
securities and interest rate movements. See
Leverage, Risk Factors and
Description of Securities. The Funds common
shares are designed primarily for long-term investors, and you
should not purchase common shares if you intend to sell them
shortly after purchase.
See Risk Factors Additional Risks to Common
Shareholders for a more detailed discussion of these risks.
Additional
Risks to Senior Security Holders
Additional risks of investing in senior securities include
the following:
Interest Rate Risk. To the extent that senior
securities trade through an auction, such securities pay
dividends or interest based on short-term interest rates. If
short-term interest rates rise, dividends or interest on the
auction rate senior securities may rise so that the amount of
dividends or interest due to holders of auction rate senior
securities would exceed the cash flow generated by our portfolio
securities. This might require that we sell portfolio securities
at a time when we would otherwise not do so, which may affect
adversely our future ability to generate cash flow. In addition,
rising market interest rates could impact negatively the value
of our investment portfolio, reducing the amount of assets
serving as asset coverage for the senior securities.
Senior Leverage Risk. Our preferred shares
will be junior in liquidation and with respect to distribution
rights to our debt securities and any other borrowings. Senior
securities representing indebtedness may constitute a
substantial lien and burden on preferred shares by reason of
their prior claim against our income and against our net assets
in liquidation. We may not be permitted to declare dividends or
other distributions with respect to any series of our preferred
shares unless at such time we meet applicable asset coverage
requirements and the payment of principal or interest is not in
default with respect to any borrowings.
Ratings and Asset Coverage Risk. To the extent
that senior securities are rated, a rating does not eliminate or
necessarily mitigate the risks of investing in our senior
securities, and a rating may not fully or accurately reflect all
of the credit and market risks associated with that senior
security. A rating agency could downgrade the rating of our
10
preferred shares or debt securities, which may make such
securities less liquid at an auction or in the secondary market,
though probably with higher resulting interest rates. If a
rating agency downgrades the rating assigned to a senior
security, we may alter our portfolio or redeem the senior
security. We may voluntarily redeem senior securities under
certain circumstances.
Inflation Risk. Inflation is the reduction in
the purchasing power of money resulting from an increase in the
price of goods and services. Inflation risk is the risk that the
inflation adjusted or real value of an investment in
preferred shares or debt securities or the income from that
investment will be worth less in the future. As inflation
occurs, the real value of the preferred shares or debt
securities and the dividend payable to holders of preferred
shares or interest payable on debt securities declines.
Auction Risk. To the extent that senior
securities trade through an auction, there are certain risks
associated with participating in an auction and certain risks if
you try to sell senior securities outside of an auction in the
secondary market. The markets for auction rate securities have
continued to face widening spreads, reduced demand and, more
recently, an increased number of failed auctions. A failed
auction results when there are not enough bidders in the auction
at rates below the maximum rate as prescribed by the terms of
the security. When an auction fails, all holders receive the
maximum rate and may be unable to sell their shares until the
next auction, which may be for an indefinite period of time.
Auction risk will be described in an applicable prospectus
supplement if we issue senior securities pursuant to this
registration statement.
Decline in Net Asset Value Risk. A material
decline in our net asset value (NAV) may impair our
ability to maintain required levels of asset coverage for our
preferred shares or debt securities.
See Risk Factors Additional Risks to Senior
Security Holders for a more detailed discussion of these
risks.
SUMMARY
OF FUND EXPENSES
The following table and example contain information about the
costs and expenses that common shareholders will bear directly
or indirectly. In accordance with Commission requirements, the
table below shows our expenses, including leverage costs, as a
percentage of our average net assets as of October 31,
2007, and not as a percentage of gross assets or managed assets.
By showing expenses as a percentage of average net assets,
expenses are not expressed as a percentage of all of the assets
we invest. The table and example are based on our capital
structure as of October 31, 2007. As of that date, we had
$1,080,000,000 in senior securities outstanding. Such senior
securities represent 29.23% of total assets as of
October 31, 2007.
Shareholder
Transaction Expense
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Sales Load (as a percentage of offering price)
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4.5
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(1)
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Offering Expenses Borne by the Fund (as a percentage of offering
price)
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(1)
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Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan Fees(2)
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None
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Percentage of Net
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Assets Attributable to
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Annual Expenses
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Common Shareholders
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Management Fee(3)
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1.43
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Leverage Costs(4)
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.11
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Other Expenses
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.08
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Total Annual Expenses
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1.62
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Less Expense Reductions
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(.01
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)
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Net Annual Expenses
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1.61
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11
Example:
The following example illustrates the expenses that common
shareholders would pay on a $1,000 investment in common shares,
assuming (1) net annual expenses of 1.62% of net assets
attributable to common shares; (2) a 5% annual return; and
(3) all distributions are reinvested at net asset value:
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1 Year
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3 Years
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5 Years
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10 Years
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Total Expenses Paid by Common Shareholders(5)
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$
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16
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$
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51
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$
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88
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$
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192
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The example should not be considered a representation of
future expenses. Actual expenses may be greater or less than
those assumed. Moreover, our actual rate of return may be
greater or less than the hypothetical 5% return shown in the
example.
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(1) |
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If the securities to which this prospectus relates are sold to
or through underwriters, the prospectus supplement will set
forth any applicable sales load and the estimated offering
expenses borne by us. |
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(2) |
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Shareholders will pay a transaction fee plus brokerage charges
if they direct the Plan Agent to sell common stock held in a
Plan account. See Automatic Dividend Reinvestment
Plan. |
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(3) |
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The Fund pays Calamos an annual management fee, payable monthly,
for its investment management services equal to 1.00% of the
Funds average weekly managed assets. In accordance with
the requirements of the Commission, the table above shows the
Funds management fee as a percentage of average net
assets. By showing the management fee as a percentage of net
assets, the management fee is not expressed as a percentage of
all of the assets the Fund intends to invest. For purposes of
the table, the management fee has been converted to 1.43% of the
Funds average daily net assets as of October 31, 2007
by dividing the total dollar amount of the management fee by the
Funds average daily net assets (managed assets less
outstanding leverage). |
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(4) |
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Leverage Costs in the table reflect the cost of auction and
rating agency fees on preferred shares, expressed as a
percentage of net assets. The table assumes outstanding
Preferred Shares of $1.08 billion, which reflects leverage
in an amount representing approximately 29.23% of total assets. |
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(5) |
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The example does not include sales load or estimated offering
costs. |
The purpose of the table and the example above is to help
investors understand the fees and expenses that they, as common
shareholders, would bear directly or indirectly. For additional
information with respect to our expenses, see Management
of the Fund.
12
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
The information in this table is derived from our financial
statements audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, whose
report on such financial statements is contained in our 2007
Annual Report and included in the statement of additional
information, both of which are available from us.
Financial
Highlights
Selected data for a common share outstanding throughout each
period were as follows:
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March 26,
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2004*
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through
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For the Year Ended October 31,
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October 31,
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2007
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2006
|
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2005
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2004
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Net asset value, beginning of period
|
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$
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15.71
|
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$
|
14.44
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$
|
14.23
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$
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14.32
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(a)
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Income from investment operations:
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Net investment income (loss)
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0.86
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**
|
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0.89
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0.93
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0.51
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) from investments,
written options, foreign currency and interest rate swaps
|
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1.89
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1.86
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0.48
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(0.09
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)
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Distributions to preferred shareholders from:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (common share equivalent basis)
|
|
|
(0.32
|
)
|
|
|
(0.33
|
)
|
|
|
(0.21
|
)
|
|
|
(0.06
|
)
|
Capital gains (common share equivalent basis)
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total from investment operations
|
|
|
2.38
|
|
|
|
2.42
|
|
|
|
1.20
|
|
|
|
0.36
|
|
Less distributions to common shareholders from:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
|
(1.01
|
)
|
|
|
(0.77
|
)
|
|
|
(0.71
|
)
|
|
|
(0.37
|
)
|
Capital gains
|
|
|
(0.16
|
)
|
|
|
(0.38
|
)
|
|
|
(0.28
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Capital charge resulting from issuance of common and preferred
shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.08
|
)
|
Net asset value, end of period
|
|
$
|
16.92
|
|
|
$
|
15.71
|
|
|
$
|
14.44
|
|
|
$
|
14.23
|
|
Market value, end of period
|
|
$
|
14.70
|
|
|
$
|
14.91
|
|
|
$
|
13.71
|
|
|
$
|
13.34
|
|
Total investment return based on(b):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net asset value
|
|
|
16.33
|
%
|
|
|
18.03
|
%
|
|
|
8.95
|
%
|
|
|
2.10
|
%
|
Market value
|
|
|
6.49
|
%
|
|
|
17.99
|
%
|
|
|
10.35
|
%
|
|
|
(8.59
|
)%
|
Ratios and supplemental data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets applicable to common shareholders, end of period
(000s omitted)
|
|
$
|
2,615,012
|
|
|
$
|
2,427,632
|
|
|
$
|
2,231,348
|
|
|
$
|
2,199,229
|
|
Preferred shares, at redemption value ($25,000 per share
liquidation preference) (000s omitted)
|
|
$
|
1,080,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,080,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,080,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,080,000
|
|
Ratios to average net assets applicable to common shareholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net expenses(c)(d)
|
|
|
1.61
|
%
|
|
|
1.66
|
%
|
|
|
1.67
|
%
|
|
|
1.61
|
%
|
Gross expenses
|
|
|
1.62
|
%
|
|
|
1.66
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss)(c)(d)
|
|
|
5.30
|
%
|
|
|
5.92
|
%
|
|
|
6.25
|
%
|
|
|
6.27
|
%
|
Preferred share distributions from net investment income(c)
|
|
|
1.95
|
%
|
|
|
2.18
|
%
|
|
|
1.40
|
%
|
|
|
0.67
|
%
|
Net investment income (loss), net of preferred share
distributions from net investment income(c)
|
|
|
3.35
|
%
|
|
|
3.74
|
%
|
|
|
4.85
|
%
|
|
|
5.60
|
%
|
Portfolio turnover rate
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
48
|
%
|
|
|
71
|
%
|
|
|
11
|
%
|
Average commission rate paid
|
|
$
|
0.0283
|
|
|
$
|
0.0342
|
|
|
$
|
0.0381
|
|
|
$
|
0.0197
|
|
Asset coverage per preferred share, at end of period(e)
|
|
$
|
85,552
|
|
|
$
|
81,216
|
|
|
$
|
76,667
|
|
|
$
|
75,916
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Commencement of operations. |
|
** |
|
Net investment income allocated based on average shares method. |
|
(a) |
|
Net of sales load of $0.675 on initial shares issued and
beginning net asset value of $14.325. |
13
|
|
|
(b) |
|
Total investment return is calculated assuming a purchase of
common shares on the opening of the first day and a sale on the
closing of the last day of the period reported. Dividends and
distributions are assumed, for purposes of this calculation, to
be reinvested at prices obtained under the Funds dividend
reinvestment plan. Total return is not annualized for periods
less than one year. Brokerage commissions are not reflected. NAV
per share is determined by dividing the value of the Funds
portfolio securities, cash and other assets, less all
liabilities, by the total number of common shares outstanding.
The common share market price is the price the market is willing
to pay for shares of the Fund at a given time. Common share
market price is influenced by a range of factors, including
supply and demand and market conditions. |
|
(c) |
|
Annualized for periods less than one year. |
|
(d) |
|
Does not reflect the effect of dividend payments to the
shareholders of Preferred Shares. |
|
(e) |
|
Calculated by subtracting the Funds total liabilities (not
including Preferred Shares) from the Funds total assets
and dividing this by the number of Preferred Shares outstanding. |
MARKET
AND NET ASSET VALUE INFORMATION
Our common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange
(NYSE) under the symbol CSQ. Our common
shares commenced trading on the NYSE on March 25, 2004.
Our common shares have traded both at a premium and at a
discount in relation to NAV. We cannot predict whether our
shares will trade in the future at a premium or discount to NAV.
The provisions of the 1940 Act generally require that the public
offering price of common shares (less any underwriting
commissions and discounts) must equal or exceed the NAV per
share of a companys common stock (calculated within
48 hours of pricing). Our issuance of common shares may
have an adverse effect on prices in the secondary market for our
common shares by increasing the number of common shares
available, which may put downward pressure on the market price
for our common shares. Shares of common stock of closed-end
investment companies frequently trade at a discount from NAV.
See Risk Factors Additional Risks to Common
Shareholders Market Discount Risk.
The following table sets forth for each of the periods indicated
the high and low closing market prices for our common shares on
the NYSE, the NAV per share and the premium or discount to NAV
per share at which our common shares were trading. NAV is
determined on the last business day of each month. See
Determination of Net Asset Value for information as
to the determination of our NAV.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Discount) To
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset
|
|
|
|
Market Price(1)
|
|
|
Net Asset
|
|
|
Value(3)
|
|
Quarter Ended
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
|
Value(2)
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
|
April 30, 2004
|
|
|
15.20
|
|
|
|
14.55
|
|
|
|
14.05
|
|
|
|
8.19
|
%
|
|
|
3.56
|
%
|
July 31, 2004
|
|
|
14.55
|
|
|
|
12.59
|
|
|
|
13.83
|
|
|
|
5.21
|
%
|
|
|
(8.97
|
)%
|
October 31, 2004
|
|
|
13.93
|
|
|
|
12.79
|
|
|
|
14.23
|
|
|
|
(2.11
|
)%
|
|
|
(10.12
|
)%
|
January 31, 2005
|
|
|
14.16
|
|
|
|
13.39
|
|
|
|
14.84
|
|
|
|
(4.58
|
)%
|
|
|
(9.77
|
)%
|
April 30, 2005
|
|
|
14.24
|
|
|
|
12.65
|
|
|
|
14.42
|
|
|
|
(1.25
|
)%
|
|
|
(12.27
|
)%
|
July 31, 2005
|
|
|
14.50
|
|
|
|
13.26
|
|
|
|
15.34
|
|
|
|
(5.48
|
)%
|
|
|
(13.56
|
)%
|
October 31, 2005
|
|
|
14.49
|
|
|
|
13.18
|
|
|
|
14.44
|
|
|
|
0.35
|
%
|
|
|
(8.73
|
)%
|
January 31, 2006
|
|
|
14.14
|
|
|
|
12.88
|
|
|
|
15.31
|
|
|
|
(7.64
|
)%
|
|
|
(15.87
|
)%
|
April 30, 2006
|
|
|
14.30
|
|
|
|
13.77
|
|
|
|
15.51
|
|
|
|
(7.80
|
)%
|
|
|
(11.22
|
)%
|
July 31, 2006
|
|
|
14.20
|
|
|
|
13.60
|
|
|
|
15.00
|
|
|
|
(5.33
|
)%
|
|
|
(9.33
|
)%
|
October 31, 2006
|
|
|
15.00
|
|
|
|
14.12
|
|
|
|
15.71
|
|
|
|
(4.52
|
)%
|
|
|
(10.12
|
)%
|
January 31, 2007
|
|
|
15.74
|
|
|
|
14.79
|
|
|
|
16.29
|
|
|
|
(3.38
|
)%
|
|
|
(9.21
|
)%
|
April 30, 2007
|
|
|
15.71
|
|
|
|
14.64
|
|
|
|
16.58
|
|
|
|
(5.25
|
)%
|
|
|
(11.70
|
)%
|
July 31, 2007
|
|
|
15.74
|
|
|
|
14.03
|
|
|
|
15.67
|
|
|
|
0.45
|
%
|
|
|
(10.47
|
)%
|
October 31, 2007
|
|
|
14.90
|
|
|
|
13.00
|
|
|
|
16.92
|
|
|
|
(11.94
|
)%
|
|
|
(23.17
|
)%
|
14
|
|
|
Source: |
|
Bloomberg Financial and Fund Accounting Records. |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Based on high and low closing market price during the respective
quarter. |
|
(2) |
|
Based on the NAV calculated on the close of business on the last
business day of each calendar quarter. |
|
(3) |
|
Based on the Funds computations. |
The last reported sale price, NAV per common share and
percentage discount to NAV per common share on December 31,
2007 were $14.00, $15.43 and -9.27%, respectively. As of
December 31, 2007, we had 154,514,000 common shares
outstanding and net assets of approximately $3,463,870,143.
USE OF
PROCEEDS
Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement, we will
invest the net proceeds of any sales of securities in accordance
with our investment objective and policies as described under
Investment Objective and Principal Investment
Strategies within approximately three months of receipt of
such proceeds. We may also use proceeds from the sale of our
securities to retire all or a portion of any short-term debt we
incur in pursuit of our investment objective and policies, and
for working capital purposes, including the payment of interest
and operating expenses, although there is currently no intent to
issue securities primarily for this purpose. Such investments
may be delayed if suitable investments are unavailable at the
time or for other reasons. Pending such investment, we
anticipate that we will invest the proceeds in securities issued
by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities
or in high quality, short-term or long-term debt obligations. A
delay in the anticipated use of proceeds could lower returns,
reduce our distribution to common shareholders and reduce the
amount of cash available to make dividend and interest payments
on preferred shares and debt securities, respectively.
THE
FUND
Calamos Strategic Total Return Fund is a diversified, closed-end
management investment company which commenced investment
operations in March 2004. The Fund was organized under the laws
of the State of Delaware on December 31, 2003, and has
registered under the 1940 Act. On May 30, 2004, the Fund
issued an aggregate of 140,500,000 common shares, no par value,
in an initial public offering and commenced its operations. On
April 20, 2004, the Fund issued an additional 14,000,000
common shares, in connection with exercise by the underwriters
of their over-allotment option. The net proceeds of the initial
public offering and subsequent exercise of the over-allotment
option were approximately $2,213,413,000 million after the
payment of offering expenses. On May 5, 2004, the Fund
issued Preferred Shares, liquidation preference $25,000 per
share ($1,080,000,000 in the aggregate). The Funds common
shares are listed on the NYSE under the symbol CSQ.
The Funds principal office is located at 2020 Calamos
Court, Naperville, Illinois 60563, and its telephone number is
1-800-582-6959.
The following table provides information about our outstanding
securities as of December 31, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Held by the
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
Fund or for
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
Title of Class
|
|
Authorized
|
|
its Account
|
|
|
Outstanding
|
|
|
Common Shares
|
|
Unlimited
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
154,514,000
|
|
Preferred Shares
|
|
Unlimited
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
43,200
|
|
Series M
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
7,040
|
|
Series TU
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
7,040
|
|
Series W
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
7,040
|
|
Series TH
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
7,040
|
|
Series F
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
7,040
|
|
Series A
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
4,000
|
|
Series B
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
4,000
|
|
15
The following sets forth information about the Funds
outstanding Preferred Shares as of the dates indicated below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset Coverage Per
|
|
|
Average Fair Value Per
|
|
|
|
Total Liquidation
|
|
|
Share ($25,000
|
|
|
$25,000 Denomination or
|
|
Fiscal Year Ended
|
|
Preference Outstanding
|
|
|
Liquidation Preference)
|
|
|
Per Share Amount(a)
|
|
|
October 31, 2007
|
|
$
|
1,080,000,000
|
|
|
$
|
85,552
|
|
|
$
|
25,000
|
|
October 31, 2006
|
|
$
|
1,080,000,000
|
|
|
$
|
81,216
|
|
|
$
|
25,000
|
|
October 31, 2005
|
|
$
|
1,080,000,000
|
|
|
$
|
76,667
|
|
|
$
|
25,000
|
|
October 31, 2004
|
|
$
|
1,080,000,000
|
|
|
$
|
75,916
|
|
|
$
|
25,000
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Fair value of the Preferred Shares approximates the liquidation
preference because dividend rates payable on the Preferred
Shares are determined at auctions and fluctuate with changes in
current market interest rates. |
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE AND PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Investment
Objective
The Funds investment objective is to provide total return
through a combination of capital appreciation and current
income. The Funds investment objective may be changed by
the Board of Trustees without a shareholder vote. The Fund makes
no assurance that it will realize its objective. An investment
in the Fund may be speculative in that it involves a high degree
of risk and should not constitute a complete investment program.
See Risk Factors.
Principal
Investment Strategies
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest primarily in
common and preferred stocks, convertible securities and
income-producing securities such as investment grade and below
investment grade (high yield/high risk) debt securities. The
Fund, under normal circumstances, will invest at least 50% of
its managed assets in equity securities (including securities
that are convertible into equity securities). The Fund may
invest up to 35% of its managed assets in securities of foreign
issuers, including debt and equity securities of corporate
issuers and debt securities of government issuers in developed
and emerging markets. The Fund may invest up to 15% of its
managed assets in securities of foreign issuers in emerging
markets.
Calamos will dynamically allocate the Funds investments
among multiple asset classes (rather than maintaining a fixed or
static allocation), seeking to obtain an appropriate balance of
risk and reward on a long-term basis through all market cycles
using multiple strategies and combining them to seek to achieve
favorable risk adjusted returns.
Calamos analyzes securities for the Funds portfolio using
an approach that focuses on assessing a total enterprise value
before assessing the value of the securities issued by a
company. Calamos seeks to assess the value of an issuers
total enterprise by studying its financial statements, including
its balance sheet. Once enterprise value is determined, Calamos
seeks to assess the value of the issuers different types
of securities, taking into account the business risk of the
issuer, its competitive position and the seniority of each type
of security relative to the rest of the issuers capital
structure. This approach serves as the basis for the Calamos
research teams design and use of proprietary models which,
along with risk management and portfolio construction
techniques, assist in determining whether a given security
presents an investment opportunity for the Fund.
Equity Securities. Equity securities include
common and preferred stocks, warrants, rights, and depository
receipts. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at
least 50% of its managed assets in equity securities (including
securities that are convertible into equity securities). An
investment in the equity securities of a company represents a
proportionate ownership interest in that company. Therefore, the
Fund participates in the financial success or failure of any
company in which it has a equity interest.
High Yield Securities. The Fund may invest in
high yield securities for either current income or capital
appreciation or both. The high yield securities in which the
Fund invests are rated Ba or lower by Moodys or BB or
lower by Standard & Poors or are unrated but
determined by Calamos to be of comparable quality. The Fund may
16
invest in high yield securities of any rating. Non-convertible
debt securities rated below investment grade are commonly
referred to as junk bonds and are considered
speculative with respect to the issuers capacity to pay
interest and repay principal. Below investment grade
non-convertible debt securities involve greater risk of loss,
are subject to greater price volatility and are less liquid,
especially during periods of economic uncertainty or change,
than higher rated debt securities.
Other Income Securities. The Fund may also
invest in investment grade debt securities. The Funds
investments in investment grade debt securities may have fixed
or variable principal payments and all types of interest rate
and dividend payment and reset terms, including fixed rate,
adjustable rate, zero coupon, contingent, deferred, payment in
kind and auction rate features.
Foreign Securities. Although the Fund
primarily invests in securities of U.S. issuers, the Fund
may invest up to 35% of its managed assets in securities of
foreign issuers in developed and emerging markets, including
debt and equity securities of corporate issuers and debt
securities of government issuers. The Fund may invest up to 15%
of its managed assets in securities of foreign issuers in
emerging markets. A foreign issuer is a foreign government or a
company organized under the laws of a foreign country. For
purposes of these percentage limitations, foreign securities do
not include securities represented by American Depository
Receipts (ADRs) or securities guaranteed by a
U.S. person.
Convertible Securities. A convertible security
is a debt security or preferred stock that is exchangeable for
an equity security (typically of the same issuer) at a
predetermined price. Depending upon the relationship of the
conversion price to the market value of the underlying security,
a convertible security may trade more like an equity security
than a debt instrument. The Fund may invest in convertible
securities of any rating. Securities that are convertible into
equity securities are considered equity securities for purposes
of the Funds policy to invest at least 50% of its managed
assets in equity securities.
Synthetic Convertible Securities. The Fund may
invest in synthetic convertible securities. A
synthetic convertible security is a financial instrument that is
designed to simulate the characteristics of another instrument
(i.e., a convertible security) through the combined features of
a collection of other securities or assets. Calamos may create a
synthetic convertible security by combining separate securities
that possess the two principal characteristics of a true
convertible security, i.e., a fixed-income security
(fixed-income component, which may be a convertible
or non-convertible security) and the right to acquire an equity
security (convertible component). The fixed-income
component is achieved by investing in non-convertible,
fixed-income securities such as bonds, preferred stocks and
money market instruments. The convertible component is achieved
by investing in warrants or options to buy common stock at a
certain exercise price, or options on a stock index. The Fund
may also purchase synthetic convertible securities created by
other parties, typically investment banks, including convertible
structured notes. Convertible structured notes are fixed income
debentures linked to equity. Convertible structured notes have
the attributes of a convertible security; however, the
investment bank that issued the convertible note assumes the
credit risk associated with the investment, rather than the
issuer of the underlying common stock into which the note is
convertible. Different companies may issue the fixed-income and
convertible components, which may be purchased separately and at
different times.
The Fund may also invest in synthetic convertible securities
created by third parties, typically investment banks. Synthetic
convertible securities created by such parties may be designed
to simulate the characteristics of traditional convertible
securities or may be designed to alter or emphasize a particular
feature. Traditional convertible securities typically offer
stable cash flows with the ability to participate in capital
appreciation of the underlying common stock. Because traditional
convertible securities are exercisable at the option of the
holder, the holder is protected against downside risk. Synthetic
convertible securities may alter these characteristics by
offering enhanced yields in exchange for reduced capital
appreciation or less downside protection, or any combination of
these features. Synthetic convertible instruments may include
structured notes, equity-linked notes, mandatory convertibles
and combinations of securities and instruments, such as a debt
instrument combined with a forward contract.
17
Some examples of these securities include:
Preferred equity redeemable cumulative stock (PERCS)
are shares that automatically convert into one ordinary share
upon maturity. They are usually issued at the prevailing share
price, convertible into one ordinary share, with an enhanced
dividend yield. PERCS pay a higher dividend than common shares,
but the equity upside is capped. Above a certain share price,
the conversion ratio will fall as the stock rises, capping the
upside at that level. Below this level, the conversion ratio
remains one-for-one, giving the same downside exposure as the
ordinary shares, excluding the income difference.
Dividend enhanced convertible stock (DECS) are
either preference shares or subordinated bonds. These, like
PERCS, mandatorily convert into ordinary shares at maturity, if
not already converted. DECS give no significant downside
protection and are very equity sensitive with minimal direct
bond characteristics and interest rate exposure. As with PERCS,
some of the upside performance is given away and in return, the
investor receives an enhanced yield over the ordinary shares.
Unlike PERCS, however, the investors upside is not capped.
Instead, the investor trades a zone of flat exposure to the
share price for the enhanced income.
Preferred Redeemable Increased Dividend Equity Security
(PRIDES) are synthetic securities consisting of a
forward contract to purchase the issuers underlying
security and an interest bearing deposit. Interest payments are
made at regular intervals, and conversion into the underlying
security is mandatory at maturity. Similar to convertible
securities, PRIDES allow investors to earn stable cash flows
while still participating in the capital gains of an underlying
stock. This is possible because these products are valued along
the same lines as the underlying security. The Funds
holdings of synthetic convertible securities are considered
equity securities for purposes of the Funds policy to
invest at least 50% of its managed assets in equity securities.
Options Writing. The Fund may seek to generate
income from option premiums by writing (selling) options. The
Fund may write call options (i) on a portion of the equity
securities (including securities that are convertible into
equity securities) in the Funds portfolio and (ii) on
broad-based securities indexes (such as the S&P
500) or certain ETFs (exchange traded funds) that trade
like common stocks but seek to replicate such market indexes.
In addition, to seek to offset some of the risk of a potential
decline in value of certain long positions, the Fund may also
purchase put options on individual securities, broad-based
securities indexes (such as the S&P 500), or certain ETFs
that trade like common stocks but seek to replicate such market
indexes.
Rule 144A Securities. The Fund may invest
without limit in Rule 144A Securities. Calamos, under the
supervision of the Board of Trustees, will consider whether
securities purchased under Rule 144A are illiquid and thus
subject to the Funds limit of investing no more than 15%
of its managed assets in illiquid securities. A determination of
whether a Rule 144A security is liquid or not is a question
of fact. In making this determination, Calamos will consider the
trading markets for the specific security, taking into account
the unregistered nature of a Rule 144A security. In
addition, Calamos could consider the (1) frequency of
trades and quotes, (2) number of dealers and potential
purchasers, (3) dealer undertakings to make a market and
(4) nature of a security and of marketplace trades (e.g.,
the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of
soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer). The liquidity
of Rule 144A Securities will be monitored and, if as a
result of changed conditions, it is determined that a
Rule 144A Security is no longer liquid, the Funds
holdings of illiquid securities would be reviewed to determine
what, if any, steps are required to assure that the Fund does
not invest more than 15% of its assets in illiquid securities.
Investing in Rule 144A Securities could have the effect of
increasing the amount of the portfolios assets invested in
illiquid securities if qualified institutional buyers are
unwilling to purchase such securities.
U.S. Government
Securities. U.S. government securities in
which the Fund invests include debt obligations of varying
maturities issued by the U.S. Treasury or issued or
guaranteed by an agency or instrumentality of the
U.S. government, including the Federal Housing
Administration, Federal Financing Bank, Farmers Home
Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Small
Business Administration, Government National Mortgage
Association, General Services Administration, Central Bank for
Cooperatives, Federal Farm Credit Banks, Federal Home Loan
Banks, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal National
Mortgage Association (FNMA), Maritime
Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority, District of Columbia
Armory
18
Board, Student Loan Marketing Association, Resolution
Fund Corporation and various institutions that previously
were or currently are part of the Farm Credit System (which has
been undergoing reorganization since 1987). Some
U.S. government securities, such as U.S. Treasury
bills, Treasury notes and Treasury bonds, which differ only in
their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance, are
supported by the full faith and credit of the United States.
Others are supported by: (i) the right of the issuer to
borrow from the U.S. Treasury, such as securities of the
Federal Home Loan Banks; (ii) the discretionary authority
of the U.S. government to purchase the agencys
obligations, such as securities of the FNMA; or (iii) only
the credit of the issuer. No assurance can be given that the
U.S. government will provide financial support in the
future to U.S. government agencies, authorities or
instrumentalities that are not supported by the full faith and
credit of the United States. Securities guaranteed as to
principal and interest by the U.S. government, its
agencies, authorities or instrumentalities include:
(i) securities for which the payment of principal and
interest is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit issued by
the U.S. government or any of its agencies, authorities or
instrumentalities; and (ii) participations in loans made to
non-U.S. governments
or other entities that are so guaranteed. The secondary market
for certain of these participations is limited and, therefore,
may be regarded as illiquid. U.S. government securities
include STRIPS and CUBES, which are issued by the
U.S. Treasury as component parts of U.S. Treasury
bonds and represent scheduled interest and principal payments on
the bonds.
Zero Coupon Securities. The securities in
which the Fund invests may include zero coupon securities, which
are debt obligations that are issued or purchased at a
significant discount from face value. The discount approximates
the total amount of interest the security will accrue and
compound over the period until maturity or the particular
interest payment date at a rate of interest reflecting the
market rate of the security at the time of issuance. Zero coupon
securities do not require the periodic payment of interest.
These investments benefit the issuer by mitigating its need for
cash to meet debt service, but generally require a higher rate
of return to attract investors who are willing to defer receipt
of cash. These investments may experience greater volatility in
market value than U.S. government or other securities that
make regular payments of interest. The Fund accrues income on
these investments for tax and accounting purposes, which is
distributable to shareholders and which, because no cash is
received at the time of accrual, may require the liquidation of
other portfolio securities to satisfy the Funds
distribution obligations, in which case the Fund will forgo the
opportunity to purchase additional income producing assets with
the liquidation proceeds. Zero coupon U.S. government
securities include STRIPS and CUBES, which are issued by the
U.S. Treasury as component parts of U.S. Treasury
bonds and represent scheduled interest and principal payments on
the bonds.
Other Investment Companies. The Fund may
invest in the securities of other investment companies to the
extent that such investments are consistent with the Funds
investment objective and policies and are permissible under the
1940 Act. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund may not acquire the
securities of other domestic or
non-U.S. investment
companies if, as a result, (1) more than 10% of the
Funds total assets would be invested in securities of
other investment companies, (2) such purchase would result
in more than 3% of the total outstanding voting securities of
any one investment company being held by the Fund, or
(3) more than 5% of the Funds total assets would be
invested in any one investment company. These limitations do not
apply to the purchase of shares of money market funds or of any
investment company in connection with a merger, consolidation,
reorganization or acquisition of substantially all the assets of
another investment company.
The Fund, as a holder of the securities of other investment
companies, will bear its pro rata portion of the other
investment companies expenses, including advisory fees.
These expenses are in addition to the direct expenses of the
Funds own operations.
Temporary Defensive Investments. Under unusual
market or economic conditions or for temporary defensive
purposes, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in
securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or
its instrumentalities or agencies, certificates of deposit,
bankers acceptances and other bank obligations, commercial
paper rated in the highest category by a NRSRO or other fixed
income securities deemed by Calamos to be consistent with a
defensive posture, or may hold cash. The yield on such
securities may be lower than the yield on lower rated fixed
income securities. During such periods, the Fund may not be able
to achieve its investment objective.
19
Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may enter into
repurchase agreements with broker-dealers, member banks of the
Federal Reserve System and other financial institutions.
Repurchase agreements are arrangements under which the Fund
purchases securities and the seller agrees to repurchase the
securities within a specific time and at a specific price. The
repurchase price is generally higher than the Funds
purchase price, with the difference being income to the Fund.
The counterpartys obligations under the repurchase
agreement are collateralized with U.S. Treasury
and/or
agency obligations with a market value of not less than 100% of
the obligations, valued daily. Collateral is held by the
Funds custodian in a segregated, safekeeping account for
the benefit of the Fund. Repurchase agreements afford the Fund
an opportunity to earn income on temporarily available cash at
low risk. In the event of commencement of bankruptcy or
insolvency proceedings with respect to the seller of the
security before repurchase of the security under a repurchase
agreement, the Fund may encounter delay and incur costs before
being able to sell the security. Such a delay may involve loss
of interest or a decline in price of the security. If the court
characterizes the transaction as a loan and the Fund has not
perfected a security interest in the security, the Fund may be
required to return the security to the sellers estate and
be treated as an unsecured creditor of the seller. As an
unsecured creditor, the Fund would be at risk of losing some or
all of the principal and interest involved in the transaction.
Lending of Portfolio Securities. The Fund may
lend portfolio securities to registered broker-dealers or other
institutional investors deemed by Calamos to be of good standing
under agreements which require that the loans be secured
continuously by collateral in cash, cash equivalents or
U.S. Treasury bills maintained on a current basis at an
amount at least equal to the market value of the securities
loaned. The Fund continues to receive the equivalent of the
interest or dividends paid by the issuer on the securities
loaned as well as the benefit of an increase and the detriment
of any decrease in the market value of the securities loaned and
would also receive compensation based on investment of the
collateral. The Fund would not, however, have the right to vote
any securities having voting rights during the existence of the
loan, but could call the loan in anticipation of an important
vote to be taken among holders of the securities or of the
giving or withholding of consent on a material matter affecting
the investment.
As with other extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in
recovery or even loss of rights in the collateral should the
borrower of the securities fail financially. At no time would
the value of the securities loaned exceed
331/3%
of the value of the Funds total assets.
Portfolio Turnover. Although the Fund does not
purchase securities with a view to rapid turnover, there are no
limitations on the length of time that portfolio securities must
be held. Portfolio turnover can occur for a number of reasons,
including calls for redemption, general conditions in the
securities markets, more favorable investment opportunities in
other securities, or other factors relating to the desirability
of holding or changing a portfolio investment. The portfolio
turnover rates may vary greatly from year to year. A high rate
of portfolio turnover in the Fund would result in increased
transaction expense, which must be borne by the Fund. High
portfolio turnover may also result in the realization of capital
gains or losses and, to the extent net short-term capital gains
are realized, any distributions resulting from such gains will
be considered ordinary income for federal income tax purposes.
Conflicts
of Interest
Conflicts of interest may arise from the fact that Calamos and
its affiliates carry on substantial investment activities for
other clients, in which we have no interest, some of which may
have similar investment strategies as us. Calamos or its
affiliates may have financial incentives to favor certain of
such accounts over us. Any of their proprietary accounts and
other customer accounts may compete with us for specific trades.
Calamos or its affiliates may give advice and recommend
securities to, or buy or sell securities for, us which advice or
securities may differ from advice given to, or securities
recommended or bought or sold for, other accounts and customers,
even though their investment objectives may be the same as, or
similar to, our objectives. When two or more clients advised by
Calamos or its affiliates seek to purchase or sell the same
publicly traded securities, the securities actually purchased or
sold will be allocated among the clients on a good faith
equitable basis by Calamos in its discretion and in accordance
with the clients various investment objectives and the
Calamos procedures. In some cases, this system may
adversely affect the price or size of the position we may obtain
or sell. In other cases, our ability to participate in volume
transactions may produce better execution for us.
20
Calamos will evaluate a variety of factors in determining
whether a particular investment opportunity or strategy is
appropriate and feasible for the relevant account at a
particular time, including, but not limited to, the following:
(1) the nature of the investment opportunity taken in the
context of the other investments at the time; (2) the
liquidity of the investment relative to the needs of the
particular entity or account; (3) the availability of the
opportunity (i.e., size of obtainable position); (4) the
transaction costs involved; and (5) the investment or
regulatory limitations applicable to the particular entity or
account. Because these considerations may differ when applied to
us and relevant accounts under management in the context of any
particular investment opportunity, our investment activities, on
the one hand, and other managed accounts, on the other hand, may
differ considerably from time to time. In addition, our fees and
expenses will differ from those of the other managed accounts.
Accordingly, investors should be aware that our future
performance and future performance of other accounts of Calamos
may vary.
Situations may occur when we could be disadvantaged because of
the investment activities conducted by Calamos and its
affiliates for its other funds or accounts. Such situations may
be based on, among other things, the following: (1) legal
or internal restrictions on the combined size of positions that
may be taken for us or the other accounts, thereby limiting the
size of our position; (2) the difficulty of liquidating an
investment for us or the other accounts where the market cannot
absorb the sale of the combined position; or (3) limits on
co-investing in negotiated transactions under the 1940 Act, as
discussed further below.
Calamos and its principals, officers, employees, and affiliates
may buy and sell securities or other investments for their own
accounts and may have actual or potential conflicts of interest
with respect to investments made on our behalf. As a result of
differing trading and investment strategies or constraints,
positions may be taken by principals, officers, employees, and
affiliates of Calamos that are the same as, different from, or
made at a different time than positions taken for us.
LEVERAGE
The Fund may issue preferred shares or debt securities or borrow
to increase its assets available for investment. The Fund has
Preferred Shares outstanding with an aggregate liquidation
preference representing approximately 31.18% of the Funds
total assets as of December 31, 2007. As a non-fundamental
policy, the aggregate liquidation of preferred shares and the
aggregate principal amount of debt securities or borrowings may
not exceed 38% of the Funds total assets. However, the
Board of Trustees reserves the right to issue preferred shares
or debt securities or borrow to the extent permitted by the 1940
Act. The Fund generally will not issue preferred shares or debt
securities or borrow unless Calamos expects that the Fund will
achieve a greater return on such leverage than the additional
costs the Fund incurs as a result of such leverage. The Fund
also may borrow money as a temporary measure for extraordinary
or emergency purposes, including the payment of dividends and
the settlement of securities transactions, which otherwise might
require untimely dispositions of the Funds holdings. When
the Fund leverages its assets, the fees paid to Calamos for
investment management services will be higher than if the Fund
did not leverage because Calamos fees are calculated based
on the Funds managed assets, which include the proceeds of
the issuance of preferred shares or debt securities or any
outstanding borrowings. Consequently, the Fund and Calamos may
have differing interests in determining whether to leverage the
Funds assets. The Funds Board of Trustees monitors
any potential conflicts of interest on an ongoing basis.
The Funds use of leverage is premised upon the expectation
that the Funds leverage costs will be lower than the
return the Fund achieves on its investments with the leverage
proceeds. Such difference in return may result from the
Funds higher credit rating or the short-term nature of its
borrowing compared to the long-term nature of its investments.
Because Calamos seeks to invest the Funds total assets
(including the assets obtained from leverage) in the higher
yielding portfolio investments or portfolio investments with the
potential for capital appreciation, the holders of common shares
will be the beneficiaries of any incremental return. Should the
differential between the underlying assets and cost of leverage
narrow, the incremental return pick up will be
reduced. Furthermore, if long-term interest rates rise without a
corresponding increase in the yield on the Funds portfolio
investments or the Fund otherwise incurs losses on its
investments, the Funds net asset value attributable to its
common shares will reflect the decline in the value of portfolio
holdings resulting therefrom.
21
Leverage creates risks which may adversely affect the return for
the holders of common shares, including:
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the likelihood of greater volatility of net asset value and
market price of common shares;
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fluctuations in the dividend rates on any preferred shares or in
interest rates on borrowings and short-term debt;
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increased operating costs, which are effectively borne by common
shareholders, may reduce the Funds total return; and
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the potential for a decline in the value of an investment
acquired with borrowed funds, while the Funds obligations
under such borrowing remains fixed.
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Leverage is a speculative technique that could adversely affect
the returns to common shareholders. Leverage can cause the Fund
to lose money and can magnify the effect of any losses. To the
extent the income or capital appreciation derived from
securities purchased with funds received from leverage exceeds
the cost of leverage, the Funds return will be greater
than if leverage had not been used. Conversely, if the income or
capital appreciation from the securities purchased with such
funds is not sufficient to cover the cost of leverage or if the
Fund incurs capital losses, the return of the Fund will be less
than if leverage had not been used, and therefore the amount
available for distribution to common shareholders as dividends
and other distributions will be reduced or potentially
eliminated (or will consist of return of capital).
Calamos may determine to maintain the Funds leveraged
position if it expects that the long-term benefits to the
Funds common shareholders of maintaining the leveraged
position will outweigh the current reduced return. Capital
raised through the issuance of preferred shares or debt
securities or borrowing will be subject to dividend payments or
interest costs that may or may not exceed the income and
appreciation on the assets purchased. The issuance of additional
classes of preferred shares involves offering expenses and other
costs and may limit the Funds freedom to pay dividends on
common shares or to engage in other activities. The Fund also
may be required to maintain minimum average balances in
connection with borrowings or to pay a commitment or other fee
to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would
increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.
The Fund will pay (and common shareholders will bear) any costs
and expenses relating to any borrowings and to the issuance and
ongoing maintenance of preferred shares or debt securities (for
example, distribution related expenses such as a participation
fee paid at an annual rate of 0.25% of preferred share
liquidation preference to broker-dealers successfully
participating in preferred share auctions, the higher management
fee resulting from the use of any such leverage, and interest
and/or
dividend expense and ongoing maintenance). Net asset value will
be reduced immediately following any additional offering of
preferred shares or debt securities by the costs of that
offering paid by the Fund.
Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted to issue preferred
shares unless immediately after such issuance the Fund has an
asset coverage of at least 200% of the liquidation value of the
aggregate amount of outstanding preferred shares (i.e., such
liquidation value may not exceed 50% of the value of the
Funds total assets). Under the 1940 Act, the Fund may only
issue one class of senior securities representing equity. So
long as preferred shares are outstanding, additional senior
equity securities must rank on a parity with the preferred
shares. In addition, the Fund is not permitted to declare any
cash dividend or other distribution on its common shares unless,
at the time of such declaration, the net asset value of the
Funds portfolio (determined after deducting the amount of
such dividend or distribution) is at least 200% of such
liquidation value. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted
to incur indebtedness unless immediately after such borrowing
the Fund has an asset coverage of at least 300% of the aggregate
outstanding principal balance of indebtedness (i.e., such
indebtedness may not exceed
331/3%
of the value of the Funds total assets). Under the 1940
Act, the Fund may only issue one class of senior securities
representing indebtedness. Additionally, under the 1940 Act, the
Fund may not declare any dividend or other distribution upon any
class of its shares, or purchase any such shares, unless the
aggregate indebtedness of the Fund has, at the time of the
declaration of any such dividend or distribution or at the time
of any such purchase, an asset coverage of at least 300% after
deducting the amount of such dividend, distribution, or purchase
price, as the case may be.
The Fund is subject to certain restrictions on investments
imposed by guidelines of Moodys Investor Services, Inc.
(Moodys) and Standard & Poors
Corporation (S&P), which have issued ratings
for the Preferred Shares and may do so for any debt securities
or preferred shares issued by the Fund in the future. These
guidelines impose
22
asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements that are
more stringent than those imposed by the 1940 Act. Certain types
of borrowings may result in the Fund being subject to covenants
in credit agreements, including those relating to asset
coverage, borrowing base and portfolio composition requirements
and additional covenants that may affect the Funds ability
to pay dividends and distributions on common shares in certain
instances. The Fund also may be required to pledge its assets to
the lenders in connection with certain types of borrowings.
Calamos does not anticipate that these covenants or restrictions
will adversely affect its ability to manage the Funds
portfolio in accordance with the Funds investment
objective and policies. Due to these covenants or restrictions,
the Fund may be forced to liquidate investments at times and at
prices that are not favorable to the Fund, or the Fund may be
forced to forgo investments that Calamos otherwise views as
favorable.
The extent to which the Fund employs leverage will depend on
many factors, the most important of which are investment
outlook, market conditions and interest rates. Successful use of
a leveraging strategy depends on Calamos ability to
predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There is
no assurance that a leveraging strategy will be successful
during any period in which it is employed.
Effects
of Leverage
On May 4, 2004, the Fund issued Preferred Shares with an
aggregate liquidation preference of $1,080,000,000. The
aggregate liquidation preference of Preferred Shares represented
approximately 31.18% of the Funds total assets as of
December 31, 2007. Asset coverage with respect to Preferred
Shares was 320.73% as of that date. The dividend rate payable by
the Fund on the Preferred Shares varies based on auctions
normally held every 7 or 28 days. As of December 31,
2007, a dividend rate of 5.91%, 6.01%, 5.50%, 5.96%, 5.94%,
5.89%, and 6.20% per year was in effect for Series M, TU,
W, TH, F, A and B preferred shares, respectively.
The following table illustrates the hypothetical effect on the
return to a holder of the Funds common shares of the
leverage obtained by issuing preferred shares with a liquidation
value equal to 33% of the Funds total assets, assuming
hypothetical annual returns of the Funds portfolio of
minus 10% to plus 10% and dividends on preferred shares at an
annual dividend rate of 5.92%. The purpose of the table is to
assist you in understanding the effects of leverage. As the
table shows, leverage generally increases the return to
shareholders when portfolio return is positive and greater than
the cost of leverage and decreases the return when the portfolio
return is negative or less than the cost of leverage. The
figures appearing in the table are hypothetical and actual
returns may be greater or less than those appearing in the table.
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Assumed Portfolio Return (Net of Expenses)
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(10
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)%
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(5
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)%
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0
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%
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5
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%
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10
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%
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Corresponding Common Share Return
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(17.96
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)%
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(10.46
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)%
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(2.96
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)%
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4.54
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%
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12.04
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%
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For further information about leveraging, see Risk
Factors Additional Risks to Common
Shareholders Leverage.
INTEREST
RATE TRANSACTIONS
In order to reduce the interest rate risk inherent in the
Funds underlying investments and capital structure, the
Fund, if market conditions are deemed favorable, may enter into
interest rate swap or cap transactions to attempt to protect
itself from increasing dividend or interest expenses on its
leverage and to hedge portfolio securities from interest rate
changes. Interest rate swaps involve the Funds agreement
with the swap counterparty to pay a fixed rate payment in
exchange for the counterparty agreeing to pay the Fund a payment
at a variable rate that is expected to approximate the rate of
any variable rate payment obligation on the Funds
leverage. The payment obligations would be based on the notional
amount of the swap.
The Fund may use an interest rate cap, which would require it to
pay a premium to the counterparty and would entitle it, to the
extent that a specified variable rate index exceeds a
predetermined fixed rate, to receive from the counterparty
payment of the difference based on the notional amount of such
cap. The Fund would use interest rate swaps or caps only with
the intent to reduce or eliminate the risk that an increase in
short-term interest rates could have on common share net
earnings as a result of leverage.
23
The Fund will usually enter into swaps or caps on a net basis;
that is, the two payment streams will be netted out in a cash
settlement on the payment date or dates specified in the
instrument, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may
be, only the net amount of the two payments. The Fund intends to
segregate with its custodian cash or liquid securities having a
value at least equal to the Funds net payment obligations
under any swap transaction, marked-to-market daily.
The use of interest rate swaps and caps is a highly specialized
activity that involves investment techniques and risks different
from those associated with ordinary portfolio security
transactions. Depending on the state of interest rates in
general, the Funds use of interest rate swaps or caps
could enhance or harm the overall performance of the Funds
common shares. To the extent that there is a decline in interest
rates for maturities equal to the remaining maturity on the
Funds fixed rate payment obligation under the interest
rate swap or equal to the remaining term of the interest rate
cap, the value of the swap or cap (which initially has a value
of zero) could decline, and could result in a decline in the net
asset value of the common shares. If, on the other hand, such
rates were to increase, the value of the swap or cap could
increase, and thereby increase the net asset value of the common
shares. As interest rate swaps or caps approach their maturity,
their positive or negative value due to interest rate changes
will approach zero.
In addition, if the short-term interest rates effectively
received by the Fund during the term of an interest rate swap
are lower than the Funds fixed rate of payment on the
swap, the swap will increase the Funds operating expenses
and reduce common share net earnings. For example, if the Fund
were to (A) issue Preferred Shares representing 33% of the
Funds total assets and (B) enter into one or more
interest rate swaps in a notional amount equal to 75% of its
outstanding Preferred Shares under which the Fund would receive
a short-term swap rate of 5.12% and pay a fixed swap rate of
5.35% over the term of the swap, the swap would effectively
increase Fund expenses and reduce Fund common share net earnings
by approximately 0.09% as a percentage of net assets
attributable to common shares and approximately 0.06% as a
percentage of managed assets. If, on the other hand, the
short-term interest rates effectively received by the Fund are
higher than the Funds fixed rate of payment on the
interest rate swap, the swap would enhance common share net
earnings. In either case, the swap would have the effect of
reducing fluctuations in the Funds cost of leverage due to
changes in short-term interest rates during the term of the
swap. The example above is purely for illustrative purposes and
is not predictive of the actual percentage of the Funds
leverage that will be hedged by a swap, the actual fixed rates
that the Fund will pay under the swap (which will depend on
market interest rates for the applicable maturities at the time
the Fund enters into swaps) or the actual short-term rates that
the Fund will receive on any swaps (which fluctuate frequently
during the term of the swap, and may change significantly from
initial levels), or the actual impact such swaps will have on
the Funds expenses and common share net earnings.
Buying interest rate caps could enhance the performance of the
Funds common shares by providing a maximum leverage
expense. Buying interest rate caps could also increase the
operating expenses of the Fund and decrease the net earnings of
the common shares in the event that the premium paid by the Fund
to the counterparty exceeds the additional amount the Fund would
have been required to pay on its preferred shares due to
increases in short-term interest rates during the term of the
cap had it not entered into the cap agreement. The Fund has no
current intention of selling an interest rate swap or cap. The
Fund will monitor any interest rate swaps or caps with a view to
ensuring that it remains in compliance with the federal income
tax requirements for qualification as a regulated investment
company.
Interest rate swaps and caps do not involve the delivery of
securities or other underlying assets or principal. Accordingly,
the risk of loss with respect to interest rate swaps and caps is
limited to the net amount of interest payments that the Fund is
contractually obligated to make. If the counterparty defaults,
the Fund would not be able to use the anticipated net receipts
under the swap or cap to offset the dividend or interest
payments on the Funds leverage. Depending on whether the
Fund would be entitled to receive net payments from the
counterparty on the swap or cap, which in turn would depend on
the general state of short-term interest rates at that point in
time, such a default could negatively impact the performance of
the common shares.
The Fund will not enter into an interest rate swap or cap
transaction with any counterparty that Calamos believes does not
have the financial resources to honor its obligation under the
interest rate swap or cap transaction.
24
Further, Calamos will continually monitor the financial
stability of a counterparty to an interest rate swap or cap
transaction in an effort to proactively protect the Funds
investments.
In addition, at the time the interest rate swap or cap
transaction reaches its scheduled termination date, there is a
risk that the Fund will not be able to obtain a replacement
transaction or that the terms of the replacement will not be as
favorable as on the expiring transaction. If this occurs, it
could have a negative impact on the performance of the
Funds common shares.
The Fund may choose or be required to redeem some or all
preferred shares or prepay any borrowings. This redemption or
prepayment would likely result in the Fund seeking to terminate
early all or a portion of any swap or cap transaction. Such
early termination of a swap could result in a termination
payment by or to the Fund. An early termination of a cap could
result in a termination payment to the Fund.
25
RISK
FACTORS
Investing in any of our securities involves risk, including
the risk that you may receive little or no return on your
investment or even that you may lose part or all of your
investment. Therefore, before investing in any of our securities
you should consider carefully the following risks, as well as
any risk factors included in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
Fund Risks
General. The Fund is a diversified, closed-end
management investment company designed primarily as a long-term
investment and not as a trading tool. The Fund invests in a
diversified portfolio of common and preferred stocks and income
producing securities such as investment grade and below
investment grade debt securities. An investment in the
Funds common shares may be speculative and it involves a
high degree of risk. The Fund should not constitute a complete
investment program. Due to the uncertainty in all investments,
there can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its
investment objective.
Equity Securities Risk. Equity investments are
subject to greater fluctuations in market value than other asset
classes as a result of such factors as the issuers
business performance, investor perceptions, stock market trends
and general economic conditions. Equity securities are
subordinated to bonds and other debt instruments in a
companys capital structure in terms of priority to
corporate income and liquidation payments.
High Yield Securities Risk. The Fund may
invest in high yield securities of any rating. Investment in
high yield securities involves substantial risk of loss. Below
investment grade non-convertible debt securities or comparable
unrated securities are commonly referred to as junk
bonds and are considered predominantly speculative with
respect to the issuers ability to pay interest and
principal and are susceptible to default or decline in market
value due to adverse economic and business developments. The
market values for high yield securities tend to be very
volatile, and these securities are less liquid than investment
grade debt securities. For these reasons, your investment in the
Fund is subject to the following specific risks:
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increased price sensitivity to changing interest rates and to a
deteriorating economic environment;
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greater risk of loss due to default or declining credit quality;
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adverse company specific events are more likely to render the
issuer unable to make interest
and/or
principal payments; and
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if a negative perception of the high yield market develops, the
price and liquidity of high yield securities may be depressed.
This negative perception could last for a significant period of
time.
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Securities rated below investment grade are speculative with
respect to the capacity to pay interest and repay principal in
accordance with the terms of such securities. A rating of C from
Moodys means that the issue so rated can be regarded as
having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real
investment standing. Standard & Poors assigns a
rating of C to issues that are currently highly vulnerable to
nonpayment, and the C rating may be used to cover a situation
where a bankruptcy petition has been filed or similar action
taken, but payments on the obligation are being continued (a C
rating is also assigned to a preferred stock issue in arrears on
dividends or sinking fund payments, but that is currently
paying). See the statement of additional information for a
description of Moodys and Standard & Poors
ratings.
Adverse changes in economic conditions are more likely to lead
to a weakened capacity of a high yield issuer to make principal
payments and interest payments than an investment grade issuer.
The principal amount of high yield securities outstanding has
proliferated in the past decade as an increasing number of
issuers have used high yield securities for corporate financing.
An economic downturn could severely affect the ability of highly
leveraged issuers to service their debt obligations or to repay
their obligations upon maturity. Similarly, downturns in
profitability in specific industries could adversely affect the
ability of high yield issuers in those industries to meet their
obligations. The market values of lower quality debt securities
tend to reflect individual developments of the issuer to a
greater extent than do higher quality securities, which react
primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest
rates. Factors having an adverse impact on the market value of
lower quality securities may have an adverse effect on the
Funds net asset value and the market value of its common
shares. In addition, the Fund may
26
incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek
recovery upon a default in payment of principal or interest on
its portfolio holdings. In certain circumstances, the Fund may
be required to foreclose on an issuers assets and take
possession of its property or operations. In such circumstances,
the Fund would incur additional costs in disposing of such
assets and potential liabilities from operating any business
acquired.
The secondary market for high yield securities may not be as
liquid as the secondary market for more highly rated securities,
a factor which may have an adverse effect on the Funds
ability to dispose of a particular security. There are fewer
dealers in the market for high yield securities than for
investment grade obligations. The prices quoted by different
dealers may vary significantly and the spread between the bid
and asked price is generally much larger than for higher quality
instruments. Under adverse market or economic conditions, the
secondary market for high yield securities could contract
further, independent of any specific adverse changes in the
condition of a particular issuer, and these instruments may
become illiquid. As a result, the Fund could find it more
difficult to sell these securities or may be able to sell the
securities only at prices lower than if such securities were
widely traded. Prices realized upon the sale of such lower rated
or unrated securities, under these circumstances, may be less
than the prices used in calculating the Funds net asset
value.
Because investors generally perceive that there are greater
risks associated with lower quality debt securities of the type
in which the Fund may invest a portion of its assets, the yields
and prices of such securities may tend to fluctuate more than
those for higher rated securities. In the lower quality segments
of the debt securities market, changes in perceptions of
issuers creditworthiness tend to occur more frequently and
in a more pronounced manner than do changes in higher quality
segments of the debt securities market, resulting in greater
yield and price volatility.
If the Fund invests in high yield securities that are rated C or
below, the Fund will incur significant risk in addition to the
risks associated with investments in high yield securities and
corporate loans. Distressed securities frequently do not produce
income while they are outstanding. The Fund may purchase
distressed securities that are in default or the issuers of
which are in bankruptcy. The Fund may be required to bear
certain extraordinary expenses in order to protect and recover
its investment.
Interest Rate Risk. Fixed income securities,
including high yield securities, are subject to certain common
risks, including:
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if interest rates go up, the value of debt securities in the
Funds portfolio generally will decline;
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during periods of declining interest rates, the issuer of a
security may exercise its option to prepay principal earlier
than scheduled, forcing the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding
securities. This is known as call or prepayment risk. Debt
securities frequently have call features that allow the issuer
to repurchase the security prior to its stated maturity. An
issuer may redeem an obligation if the issuer can refinance the
debt at a lower cost due to declining interest rates or an
improvement in the credit standing of the issuer;
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during periods of rising interest rates, the average life of
certain types of securities may be extended because of slower
than expected principal payments. This may lock in a below
market interest rate, increase the securitys duration (the
estimated period until the security is paid in full) and reduce
the value of the security. This is known as extension
risk; and
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market interest rates currently are near historically low levels.
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Default Risk. Default risk refers to the risk
that a company who issues a debt security will be unable to
fulfill its obligations to repay principal and interest. The
lower a debt security is rated, the greater its default risk.
Liquidity Risk. The Fund may invest up to 15%
of its managed assets in securities that, at the time of
investment, are illiquid (determined using the Commissions
standard applicable to investment companies, i.e., securities
that cannot be disposed of within 7 days in the ordinary
course of business at approximately the value at which the Fund
has valued the securities). The Fund may also invest without
limit in securities that have not been registered for public
sale, but that are eligible for purchase and sale by certain
qualified institutional buyers. Calamos, under the supervision
of the Board of Trustees, will determine whether securities
purchased under Rule 144A are illiquid (that is, not
readily marketable) and thus subject to the Funds limit of
investing no more than 15% of its managed assets in illiquid
securities. Investments in Rule 144A Securities could have
the effect of
27
increasing the amount of the Funds assets invested in
illiquid securities if qualified institutional buyers are
unwilling to purchase these Rule 144A Securities. Illiquid
securities may be difficult to dispose of at a fair price at the
times when the Fund believes it is desirable to do so.
Investment of the Funds assets in illiquid securities may
restrict the Funds ability to take advantage of market
opportunities. The market price of illiquid securities generally
is more volatile than that of more liquid securities, which may
adversely affect the price that the Fund pays for or recovers
upon the sale of illiquid securities. Illiquid securities are
also more difficult to value and Calamos judgment may play
a greater role in the valuation process. The risks associated
with illiquid securities may be particularly acute in situations
in which the Funds operations require cash and could
result in the Fund borrowing to meet its short-term needs or
incurring losses on the sale of illiquid securities.
Foreign Securities Risk. Investments in
non-U.S. issuers
may involve unique risks compared to investing in securities of
U.S. issuers. These risks are more pronounced to the extent
that the Fund invests a significant portion of its
non-U.S. investments
in one region or in the securities of emerging market issuers.
These risks may include:
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less information about
non-U.S. issuers
or markets may be available due to less rigorous disclosure or
accounting standards or regulatory practices;
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many
non-U.S. markets
are smaller, less liquid and more volatile. In a changing
market, Calamos may not be able to sell the Funds
portfolio securities at times, in amounts and at prices it
considers reasonable;
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the adverse effect of currency exchange rates or controls on the
value of the Funds investments;
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the economies of
non-U.S. countries
may grow at slower rates than expected or may experience a
downturn or recession;
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economic, political and social developments may adversely affect
the securities markets, including expropriation and
nationalization;
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the difficulty in obtaining or enforcing a court judgment in
non-U.S. countries;
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restrictions on foreign investments in
non-U.S. jurisdictions;
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difficulties in effecting the repatriation of capital invested
in
non-U.S. countries; and
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withholding and other
non-U.S. taxes
may decrease the Funds return.
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There may be less publicly available information about
non-U.S. markets
and issuers than is available with respect to
U.S. securities and issuers.
Non-U.S. companies
generally are not subject to accounting, auditing and financial
reporting standards, practices and requirements comparable to
those applicable to U.S. companies. The trading markets for
most
non-U.S. securities
are generally less liquid and subject to greater price
volatility than the markets for comparable securities in the
United States. The markets for securities in certain emerging
markets are in the earliest stages of their development. Even
the markets for relatively widely traded securities in certain
non-U.S. markets,
including emerging market countries, may not be able to absorb,
without price disruptions, a significant increase in trading
volume or trades of a size customarily undertaken by
institutional investors in the United States.
Additionally, market making and arbitrage activities are
generally less extensive in such markets, which may contribute
to increased volatility and reduced liquidity.
Economies and social and political conditions in individual
countries may differ unfavorably from the United States.
Non-U.S. economies
may have less favorable rates of growth of gross domestic
product, rates of inflation, currency valuation, capital
reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments
positions. Many countries have experienced substantial, and in
some cases extremely high, rates of inflation for many years.
Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had,
and may continue to have, very negative effects on the economies
and securities markets of certain emerging market countries.
Unanticipated political or social developments may also affect
the values of the Funds investments and the availability
to the Fund of additional investments in such countries.
Convertible Securities Risk. The value of a
convertible security is influenced by both the yield of
non-convertible securities of comparable issuers and by the
value of the underlying common stocks. The value of a
28
convertible security viewed without regard to its conversion
feature (i.e., strictly on the basis of its yield) is sometimes
referred to as its investment value. A convertible
securitys investment value tends to decline as prevailing
interest rate levels increase. Conversely, a convertible
securitys investment value increases as prevailing
interest rate levels decline.
However, a convertible securitys market value will also be
influenced by its conversion price, which is the
market value of the underlying common stock that would be
obtained if the convertible security were converted. A
convertible securitys conversion price tends to increase
as the price of the underlying common stock increases, and
decrease as the price of the underlying common stock decreases.
As the market price of the underlying common stock declines such
that the conversion price is substantially below the investment
value of the convertible security, the price of the convertible
security tends to be influenced more by the yield of the
convertible security. Thus, the convertible security may not
decline in price to the same extent as the underlying common
stock. If the market price of the underlying common stock
increases to a point where the conversion value approximates or
exceeds the investment value, the price of the convertible
security tends to be influenced more by the market price of the
underlying common stock. In the event of a liquidation of the
issuing company, holders of convertible securities would be paid
before the companys common stockholders. Consequently, an
issuers convertible securities generally entail less risk
than its common stock.
Synthetic Convertible Securities Risk. The
value of a synthetic convertible security may respond
differently to market fluctuations than a convertible security
because a synthetic convertible is composed of two or more
separate securities, each with its own market value. In
addition, if the value of the underlying common stock or the
level of the index involved in the convertible component falls
below the exercise price of the warrant or option, the warrant
or option may lose all value.
Risks Associated with Options. There are
several risks associated with transactions in options. For
example, there are significant differences between the
securities markets and options markets that could result in an
imperfect correlation among these markets, causing a given
transaction not to achieve its objectives. A decision as to
whether, when and how to use options involves the exercise of
skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived transaction may be
unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or
unexpected events. The ability of the Fund to utilize options
successfully will depend on Calamos ability to predict
pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured.
The Fund may sell options on individual securities and
securities indices. All calls sold by the Fund must be
covered. Even though the Fund will receive the
option premium to help protect it against loss, a call option
sold by the Fund exposes the Fund during the term of the option
to possible loss of opportunity to realize appreciation in the
market price of the underlying security or instrument and may
require the Fund to hold a security or instrument that it might
otherwise have sold. The Fund may purchase and sell put options
on individual securities and securities indices. In selling put
options, there is a risk that the Fund may be required to buy
the underlying security at a disadvantageous price above the
market price.
Tax Risk. The Fund may invest in certain
securities, such as certain convertible securities, for which
the federal income tax treatment may not be clear or may be
subject to recharacterization by the Internal Revenue Service.
It could be more difficult for the Fund to comply with the
federal income tax requirements applicable to regulated
investment companies if the tax characterization of the
Funds investments or the tax treatment of the income from
such investments were successfully challenged by the Internal
Revenue Service. See Certain Federal Income Tax
Matters.
Management Risk. Calamos judgment about
the attractiveness, relative value or potential appreciation of
a particular sector, security or investment strategy may prove
to be incorrect.
Antitakeover Provisions. The Funds
Agreement and Declaration of Trust and Bylaws include provisions
that could limit the ability of other entities or persons to
acquire control of the Fund or to change the composition of its
Board of Trustees. Such provisions could limit the ability of
shareholders to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing
market prices by discouraging a third party from seeking to
obtain control of the Fund. These provisions include staggered
terms of office for the Trustees, advance notice requirements
for shareholder proposals, and super-majority voting
requirements for certain transactions with affiliates,
converting the Fund to an open-end
29
investment company or a merger, asset sale or similar
transaction. Holders of preferred shares will have voting rights
in addition to and separate from the voting rights of common
shareholders with respect to certain of these matters. See
Description of Shares Preferred Shares
and Certain Provisions of the Agreement and Declaration of
Trust and Bylaws. The holders of preferred shares, on the
one hand, and the holders of the common shares, on the other,
may have interests that conflict in these situations.
Market Disruption Risk. Certain events have a
disruptive effect on the securities markets, such as terrorist
attacks, war and other geopolitical events, earthquakes, storms
and other disasters. The Fund cannot predict the effects of
similar events in the future on the U.S. economy or any
foreign economy.
Additional
Risks to Common Shareholders
Leverage Risk. The Fund has issued Preferred
Shares and may issue additional preferred shares or borrow money
or issue debt securities. The Funds use of leverage
creates risk. As a non-fundamental policy, such preferred
shares, borrowing or debt securities may not exceed 38% of the
Funds total assets. However, the Board of Trustees
reserves the right to issue preferred shares or borrow to the
extent permitted by the 1940 Act.
Leverage creates risks which may adversely affect the return for
the holders of common shares, including:
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the likelihood of greater volatility of net asset value and
market price of common shares;
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fluctuations in the dividend rates on any preferred shares or in
interest rates on borrowings and short-term debt;
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increased operating costs, which are effectively borne by common
shareholders, may reduce the Funds total return; and
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the potential for a decline in the value of an investment
acquired with borrowed funds, while the Funds obligations
under such borrowing remain fixed.
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The Funds use of leverage is premised upon the expectation
that the Funds preferred share dividends or borrowing cost
will be lower than the return the Fund achieves on its
investments with the proceeds of the issuance of preferred
shares or debt securities or borrowing. Such difference in
return may result from the Funds higher credit rating or
the short-term nature of its borrowing compared to the long-term
nature of its investments. Because Calamos seeks to invest the
Funds total assets (including the assets obtained from
leverage) in the higher yielding portfolio investments or
portfolio investments with the potential for capital
appreciation, the holders of common shares will be the
beneficiaries of the incremental return. Should the differential
between the underlying assets and cost of leverage narrow, the
incremental return pick up will be reduced.
Furthermore, if long-term interest rates rise without a
corresponding increase in the yield on the Funds portfolio
investments or the Fund otherwise incurs losses on its
investments, the Funds net asset value attributable to its
common shares will reflect the decline in the value of portfolio
holdings resulting therefrom.
Leverage is a speculative technique that could adversely affect
the returns to common shareholders. Leverage can cause the Fund
to lose money and can magnify the effect of any losses. To the
extent the income or capital appreciation derived from
securities purchased with funds received from leverage exceeds
the cost of leverage, the Funds return will be greater
than if leverage had not been used. Conversely, if the income or
capital appreciation from the securities purchased with such
funds is not sufficient to cover the cost of leverage or if the
Fund incurs capital losses, the return of the Fund will be less
than if leverage had not been used, and therefore the amount
available for distribution to common shareholders as dividends
and other distributions will be reduced or potentially
eliminated.
The Fund will pay, and common shareholders will effectively
bear, any costs and expenses relating to any borrowings and to
the issuance and ongoing maintenance of preferred shares or debt
securities. Such costs and expenses include the higher
management fee resulting from the use of any such leverage,
offering
and/or
issuance costs, and interest
and/or
dividend expense and ongoing maintenance. The markets for
auction rate securities have continued to face widening spreads,
reduced demand and, more recently, an increased number of failed
auctions. When a failed auction occurs, the dividend rate for
the Funds auction rate preferred shares is set at the
maximum rate as determined by the terms of such securities. In
summary, the maximum rate that goes into effect in the event of
30
a failed auction is determined by a formula equal to the
applicable percentage of a reference rate, which percentage
ranges from 150% to 275%, depending upon the rating then
assigned to the preferred shares. The reference rate is LIBOR
for dividend periods of less than 365 days, and a
U.S. Treasury average index rate for dividend periods of
more than 365 days. These reference rates, and thus the
maximum rate, can fluctuate over time. The formula for
determining the maximum rate will be described in more detail in
an applicable prospectus supplement if the Fund issues senior
securities pursuant to this registration statement. These
conditions may result in higher leverage costs to common
stockholders.
Certain types of borrowings may result in the Fund being subject
to covenants in credit agreements, including those relating to
asset coverage, borrowing base and portfolio composition
requirements and additional covenants that may affect the
Funds ability to pay dividends and distributions on common
shares in certain instances. The Fund may also be required to
pledge its assets to the lenders in connection with certain
types of borrowings. The Fund is subject to certain restrictions
on investments imposed by guidelines of Moodys and
S&P, which have issued ratings for the Preferred Shares and
may do so for short-term debt instruments issued by the Fund.
These guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio
composition requirements that are more stringent than those
imposed by the 1940 Act.
If the Funds ability to make dividends and distributions
on its common shares is limited, such limitation could, under
certain circumstances, impair the ability of the Fund to
maintain its qualification for taxation as a regulated
investment company, which would have adverse tax consequences
for common shareholders. To the extent that the Fund is
required, in connection with maintaining 1940 Act asset coverage
requirements or otherwise, or elects to redeem any preferred
shares or debt securities or prepay any borrowings, the Fund may
need to liquidate investments to fund such redemptions or
prepayments. Liquidation at times of adverse economic conditions
may result in capital loss and reduce returns to common
shareholders.
Because Calamos investment management fee is a percentage
of the Funds managed assets, Calamos fee will be
higher if the Fund is leveraged and Calamos will have an
incentive to be more aggressive and leverage the Fund.
Consequently, the Fund and Calamos may have differing interests
in determining whether to leverage the Funds assets. Any
additional use of leverage by the Fund would require approval by
the Board of Trustees of the Fund. In considering whether to
approve the use of additional leverage, the Board would be
presented with all relevant information necessary to make a
determination whether or not additional leverage would be in the
best interests of the Fund, including information regarding any
potential conflicts of interest.
Interest Rate Transactions Risk. The Fund may
enter into an interest rate swap or cap transaction to attempt
to protect itself from increasing dividend or interest expenses
on its leverage resulting from increasing short-term interest
rates. A decline in interest rates may result in a decline in
the value of the swap or cap, which may result in a decline in
the net asset value of the Fund.
Depending on the state of interest rates in general, the
Funds use of interest rate swap or cap transactions could
enhance or harm the overall performance of the common shares. To
the extent there is a decline in interest rates, the value of
the interest rate swap or cap could decline, and could result in
a decline in the net asset value of the common shares. In
addition, if the counterparty to an interest rate swap or cap
defaults, the Fund would not be able to use the anticipated net
receipts under the swap or cap to offset the dividend or
interest payments on the Funds leverage.
Depending on whether the Fund would be entitled to receive net
payments from the counterparty on the swap or cap, which in turn
would depend on the general state of short-term interest rates
at that point in time, such a default could negatively impact
the performance of the common shares. In addition, at the time
an interest rate swap or cap transaction reaches its scheduled
termination date, there is a risk that the Fund would not be
able to obtain a replacement transaction or that the terms of
the replacement would not be as favorable as on the expiring
transaction. If either of these events occurs, it could have a
negative impact on the performance of the common shares.
If the Fund fails to maintain a required 200% asset coverage of
the liquidation value of the outstanding preferred shares or if
the Fund loses its rating on its preferred shares or fails to
maintain other covenants with respect to the preferred shares,
the Fund may be required to redeem some or all of the preferred
shares. Similarly, the Fund could be required to prepay the
principal amount of any debt securities or other borrowings.
Such redemption or
31
prepayment would likely result in the Fund seeking to terminate
early all or a portion of any swap or cap transaction. Early
termination of a swap could result in a termination payment by
or to the Fund. Early termination of a cap could result in a
termination payment to the Fund. The Fund intends to segregate
with its custodian cash or liquid securities having a value at
least equal to the Funds net payment obligations under any
swap transaction, marked-to-market daily.
Market Impact Risk. The sale of our common
shares (or the perception that such sales may occur) may have an
adverse effect on prices in the secondary market for our common
shares. An increase in the number of common shares available may
put downward pressure on the market price for our common shares.
These sales also might make it more difficult for us to sell
additional equity securities in the future at a time and price
we deem appropriate.
Dilution Risk. The voting power of current
shareholders will be diluted to the extent that current
shareholders do not purchase shares in any future common share
offerings or do not purchase sufficient shares to maintain their
percentage interest. In addition, if we are unable to invest the
proceeds of such offering as intended, our per share
distribution may decrease and we may not participate in market
advances to the same extent as if such proceeds were fully
invested as planned.
Market Discount Risk. The Funds common
shares have traded both at a premium and at a discount in
relation to net asset value. Shares of closed-end investment
companies frequently trade at a discount from net asset value,
but in some cases trade above net asset value. The risk of the
common shares trading at a discount is a risk separate from the
risk of a decline in the Funds net asset value as a result
of investment activities. The Funds net asset value may be
reduced immediately following this offering by the offering
costs for common shares, including the sales load, which will be
borne entirely by all common shareholders.
Whether shareholders will realize a gain or loss upon the sale
of the Funds common shares depends upon whether the market
value of the shares at the time of sale is above or below the
price the shareholder paid, taking into account transaction
costs for the shares, and is not directly dependent upon the
Funds net asset value. Because the market value of the
Funds common shares will be determined by factors such as
the relative demand for and supply of the shares in the market,
general market conditions and other factors beyond the control
of the Fund, the Fund cannot predict whether its common shares
will trade at, below or above net asset value, or below or above
the public offering price for the common shares.
Additional
Risks to Senior Security Holders
Generally, an investment in preferred shares or debt securities
(collectively, senior securities) is subject to the
following risks:
Interest Rate Risk. Auction rate senior
securities pay dividends or interest based on short-term
interest rates. If short-term interest rates rise, dividends or
interest on the auction rate senior securities may rise so that
the amount of dividends or interest due to holders of auction
rate senior securities would exceed the cash flow generated by
our portfolio securities. This might require us to sell
portfolio securities at a time when we would otherwise not do
so, which may affect adversely our future ability to generate
cash flow. In addition, rising market interest rates could
impact negatively the value of our investment portfolio,
reducing the amount of assets serving as asset coverage for the
senior securities.
Senior Leverage Risk. Preferred shares will be
junior in liquidation and with respect to distribution rights to
debt securities and any other borrowings. Senior securities
representing indebtedness may constitute a substantial lien and
burden on preferred shares by reason of their prior claim
against our income and against our net assets in liquidation. We
may not be permitted to declare dividends or other distributions
with respect to any series of preferred shares unless at such
time we meet applicable asset coverage requirements and the
payment of principal or interest is not in default with respect
to any borrowings.
Ratings and Asset Coverage Risk. To the extent
that senior securities are rated, a rating does not eliminate or
necessarily mitigate the risks of investing in our senior
securities, and a rating may not fully or accurately reflect all
of the credit and market risks associated with a security. A
rating agency could downgrade the rating of our shares of
preferred stock or debt securities, which may make such
securities less liquid at an auction or in the secondary market,
though probably with higher resulting interest rates. If a
rating agency
32
downgrades the rating assigned to a senior security, we may
alter our portfolio or redeem the senior security. We may
voluntarily redeem a senior security under certain circumstances.
Inflation Risk. Inflation is the reduction in
the purchasing power of money resulting from an increase in the
price of goods and services. Inflation risk is the risk that the
inflation adjusted or real value of an investment in
preferred stock or debt securities or the income from that
investment will be worth less in the future. As inflation
occurs, the real value of the preferred stock or debt securities
and the dividend payable to holders of preferred stock or
interest payable to holders of debt securities declines. In an
inflationary period, however, it is expected that, through the
auction process, dividend or interest rates would increase,
tending to offset this risk.
Auction Risk. To the extent that senior
securities trade through an auction, there are certain risks
associated with participating in an auction and certain risks if
you try to sell senior securities outside of an auction in the
secondary market. The markets for auction rate securities have
continued to face widening spreads, reduced demand and, more
recently, an increased number of failed auctions. A failed
auction results when there are not enough bidders in the auction
at rates below the maximum rate as prescribed by the terms of
the security. When an auction fails, all holders receive the
maximum rate and may be unable to sell their shares until the
next auction, which may be for an indefinite period of time.
Auction risk will be described in an applicable prospectus
supplement if we issue senior securities pursuant to this
registration statement.
Decline in Net Asset Value Risk. A material
decline in our NAV may impair our ability to maintain required
levels of asset coverage for our preferred shares or debt
securities.
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
Trustees
and Officers
The Funds Board of Trustees provides broad supervision
over the affairs of the Fund. The officers of the Fund are
responsible for the Funds operations. There are seven
Trustees of the Fund, one of whom is an interested
person of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act) and six of
whom are not interested persons. The names and
business addresses of the trustees and officers of the Fund and
their principal occupations and other affiliations during the
past five years are set forth under Management of the
Fund in the statement of additional information.
Investment
Adviser
The Funds investments are managed by Calamos, 2020 Calamos
Court, Naperville, IL. On December 31, 2007, Calamos
managed approximately $46.2 billion in assets of
individuals and institutions. Calamos is a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Holdings and indirect subsidiary of Calamos Asset
Management, Inc., a publicly traded holding company whose shares
are listed on the NASDAQ exchange under the ticker symbol
CLMS.
Investment
Management Agreement
Subject to the overall authority of the Board of Trustees,
Calamos regularly provides the Fund with investment research,
advice and supervision and furnishes continuously an investment
program for the Fund. In addition, Calamos furnishes for use of
the Fund such office space and facilities as the Fund may
require for its reasonable needs, supervises the business and
affairs of the Fund and provides the following other services on
behalf of the Fund and not provided by persons not a party to
the investment management agreement: (a) preparing or
assisting in the preparation of reports to and meeting materials
for the Trustees; (b) supervising, negotiating contractual
arrangements with, to the extent appropriate, and monitoring the
performance of, accounting agents, custodians, depositories,
transfer agents and pricing agents, accountants, attorneys,
printers, underwriters, brokers and dealers, insurers and other
persons in any capacity deemed to be necessary or desirable to
Fund operations; (c) assisting in the preparation and
making of filings with the Commission and other regulatory and
self-regulatory organizations, including, but not limited to,
preliminary and definitive proxy materials, amendments to the
Funds registration statement on
Form N-2
and semi-annual reports on
Form N-SAR;
(d) overseeing the tabulation of proxies by the Funds
transfer agent; (e) assisting in the preparation and filing
of the Funds federal, state and local tax returns;
33
(f) assisting in the preparation and filing of the
Funds federal excise tax return pursuant to
Section 4982 of the Code; (g) providing assistance
with investor and public relations matters; (h) monitoring
the valuation of portfolio securities and the calculation of net
asset value; (i) monitoring the registration of shares of
beneficial interest of the Fund under applicable federal and
state securities laws; (j) maintaining or causing to be
maintained for the Fund all books, records and reports and any
other information required under the 1940 Act, to the extent
that such books, records and reports and other information are
not maintained by the Funds custodian or other agents of
the Fund; (k) assisting in establishing the accounting
policies of the Fund; (l) assisting in the resolution of
accounting issues that may arise with respect to the Funds
operations and consulting with the Funds independent
accountants, legal counsel and the Funds other agents as
necessary in connection therewith; (m) reviewing the
Funds bills; (n) assisting the Fund in determining
the amount of dividends and distributions available to be paid
by the Fund to its shareholders, preparing and arranging for the
printing of dividend notices to shareholders, and providing the
transfer and dividend paying agent, the custodian, and the
accounting agent with such information as is required for such
parties to effect the payment of dividends and distributions;
and (o) otherwise assisting the Fund as it may reasonably
request in the conduct of the Funds business, subject to
the direction and control of the Trustees.
Under the investment management agreement, the Fund pays to
Calamos a fee based on the average weekly managed assets that is
computed weekly and paid on a monthly basis. The fee paid by the
Fund is at the annual rate of 1.00% of managed assets. Because
the fees paid to Calamos are determined on the basis of the
Funds managed assets, Calamos interest in
determining whether to leverage the Fund may differ from the
interests of the Fund and its common shareholders.
Under the terms of its investment management agreement, except
for the services and facilities provided by Calamos as set forth
therein, the Fund shall assume and pay all expenses for all
other Fund operations and activities and shall reimburse Calamos
for any such expenses incurred by Calamos. The expenses borne by
the Fund shall include, without limitation:
(a) organization expenses of the Fund (including
out-of-pocket expenses, but not including Calamos overhead
or employee costs); (b) fees payable to Calamos;
(c) legal expenses; (d) auditing and accounting
expenses; (e) maintenance of books and records that are
required to be maintained by the Funds custodian or other
agents of the Fund; (f) telephone, telex, facsimile,
postage and other communications expenses; (g) taxes and
governmental fees; (h) fees, dues and expenses incurred by
the Fund in connection with membership in investment company
trade organizations and the expense of attendance at
professional meetings of such organizations; (i) fees and
expenses of accounting agents, custodians, subcustodians,
transfer agents, dividend disbursing agents and registrars;
(j) payment for portfolio pricing or valuation services to
pricing agents, accountants, bankers and other specialists, if
any; (k) expenses of preparing share certificates;
(l) expenses in connection with the issuance, offering,
distribution, sale, redemption or repurchase of securities
issued by the Fund; (m) expenses relating to investor and
public relations provided by parties other than Calamos;
(n) expenses and fees of registering or qualifying shares
of beneficial interest of the Fund for sale; (o) interest
charges, bond premiums and other insurance expenses;
(p) freight, insurance and other charges in connection with
the shipment of the Funds portfolio securities;
(q) the compensation and all expenses (specifically
including travel expenses relating to Fund business) of
Trustees, officers and employees of the Fund who are not
affiliated persons of Calamos; (r) brokerage commissions or
other costs of acquiring or disposing of any portfolio
securities of the Fund; (s) expenses of printing and
distributing reports, notices and dividends to shareholders;
(t) expenses of preparing and setting in type, printing and
mailing prospectuses and statements of additional information of
the Fund and supplements thereto; (u) costs of stationery;
(v) any litigation expenses; (w) indemnification of
Trustees and officers of the Fund; (x) costs of
shareholders and other meetings; (y) interest on
borrowed money, if any; and (z) the fees and other expenses
of listing the Funds shares on the NYSE or any other
national stock exchange.
Portfolio
Managers
Calamos employs a team approach to portfolio management, with
teams led by the Co-Chief Investment Officers (the
Co-CIOs) and comprised generally of the Co-CIOs,
senior strategy analysts, intermediate analysts and junior
analysts. The Co-CIOs and senior strategy analysts are supported
by and lead a team of investment professionals whose valuable
contributions create a synergy of expertise that can be applied
across many different investment strategies.
34
Portfolio holdings are reviewed and trading activity is
discussed on a regular basis by team members. Team members
generally may make trading decisions guided by the Funds
investment objective and strategy.
While day-to-day management of each portfolio is a team effort,
the Co-CIOs, along with the Director of Fixed Income and certain
of the senior strategy analysts, have joint primary and
supervisory responsibility for the Fund and work with all team
members in developing and executing each respective
portfolios investment program. The Funds portfolio
investment program includes implementation of distinct
strategies, including a fixed income approach which is lead by
the Director of Fixed Income of Calamos. All team leaders are
further identified below.
John P. Calamos, Sr., Co-CIO of Calamos, generally focuses
on the top-down approach of diversification by industry sector
and macro-level investment themes. Nick P. Calamos, Co-CIO of
Calamos, also focuses on the top-down approach of
diversification by industry sector and macro-level investment
themes and, in addition, focuses on the
bottom-up
approach and corresponding research and analysis. Matthew Toms
is Director of Fixed Income. John P. Calamos, Jr., John
Hillenbrand, Steve Klouda, Jeff Scudieri and Jon Vacko are each
senior strategy analysts.
During the past five years, John P. Calamos, Sr. has been
President and Trustee of the Fund and chairman, CEO and Co-CIO
of Calamos and its predecessor company. Nick P. Calamos has been
Vice President of the Fund and Senior Executive Vice President
and Co-CIO of Calamos and its predecessor company. Matthew Toms
joined Calamos in March 2007 as Director of Fixed Income. John
P. Calamos, Jr., Executive Vice President of Calamos,
joined the firm in 1985 and has held various senior investment
positions since that time. John Hillenbrand joined Calamos in
2002 and has been a senior strategy analyst since August 2002.
Steve Klouda joined Calamos in 1994 and has been a senior
strategy analyst since July 2002. Jeff Scudieri joined Calamos
in 1997 and has been a senior strategy analyst since September
2002. Jon Vacko joined Calamos in 2000 and has been a senior
strategy analyst since July 2002.
For over 20 years, the Calamos portfolio management team
has managed money for its clients in convertible, high yield and
global strategies. Furthermore, Calamos has extensive experience
investing in foreign markets through its convertible securities
and high yield securities strategies. Such experience has
included investments in established as well as emerging foreign
markets. The Funds statement of additional information
provides additional information about the team leaders,
including other accounts they manage, their ownership in the
Calamos Family of Funds and their compensation.
Fund Accounting
Under the arrangements with State Street to provide fund
accounting services, State Street provides certain
administrative and accounting services to the Fund and such
other funds advised by Calamos that may be part of those
arrangements (the Fund and such other fund are collectively
referred to as the Calamos Funds) as described more
fully in the statement of additional information. For the
services rendered to the Calamos Funds, State Street receives
fees based on the combined managed assets of the Calamos Funds
(Combined Assets). Each fund of the Calamos Funds
pays its pro-rata share of the fees payable to State Street
described below based on relative managed assets of each fund.
State Street receives a fee at the annual rate of .009% for the
first $5.0 billion of Combined Assets, .0075% for the next
$5.0 billion of Combined Assets, .005% for the next
$5.0 billion of Combined Assets and .0035% for the Combined
Assets in excess of $15.0 billion. Because the fees payable
to State Street are based on the managed assets of the Calamos
Funds, the fees increase as the Calamos Funds increase their
leverage.
In addition, Calamos also provides certain other financial
accounting services to the Calamos Funds described more fully in
the statement of additional information. For providing those
services, Calamos receives a fee at the annual rate of .0175% on
the first $1 billion of the daily average net assets of the
Calamos Funds; .0150% on the next $1 billion of the daily
average net assets of the Calamos Funds; and .0110% on the daily
average net assets of the Calamos Funds above $2 billion
(financial accounting service fee). Each fund of the
Calamos Funds will pay its pro-rata share of the financial
accounting service fee to Calamos based on relative net assets
of each fund.
35
CLOSED-END
FUND STRUCTURE
The Fund is a diversified, closed-end management investment
company (commonly referred to as a closed-end fund) which
commenced investment operations in March 2004. Closed-end funds
differ from open-end management investment companies (which are
generally referred to as mutual funds) in that closed-end funds
generally list their shares for trading on a stock exchange and
do not redeem their shares at the request of the shareholder.
This means that if you wish to sell your shares of a closed-end
fund you must trade them on the market like any other stock at
the prevailing market price at that time. In a mutual fund, if
the shareholder wishes to sell shares of the fund, the mutual
fund will redeem or buy back the shares at net asset
value. Also, mutual funds generally offer new shares on a
continuous basis to new investors, and closed-end funds
generally do not. The continuous inflows and outflows of assets
in a mutual fund can make it difficult to manage the funds
investments. By comparison, closed-end funds are generally able
to stay more fully invested in securities that are consistent
with their investment objectives and also have greater
flexibility to make certain types of investments and to use
certain investment strategies, such as financial leverage and
investments in illiquid securities.
Shares of closed-end funds frequently trade at a discount to
their net asset value. To the extent the common shares do trade
at a discount, the Funds Board of Trustees may from time
to time engage in open-market repurchases or tender offers for
shares after balancing the benefit to shareholders of the
increase in the net asset value per share resulting from such
purchases against the decrease in the assets of the Fund and
potential increase in the expense ratio of expenses to assets of
the Fund. The Board of Trustees believes that in addition to the
beneficial effects described above, any such purchases or tender
offers may result in the temporary narrowing of any discount but
will not have any long-term effect on the level of any discount.
We cannot guarantee or assure, however, that the Funds
Board of Trustees will decide to engage in any of these actions.
Nor is there any guarantee or assurance that such actions, if
undertaken, would result in the shares trading at a price equal
or close to net asset value per share. The Board of Trustees
might also consider converting the Fund to an open-end mutual
fund, which would also require a vote of the shareholders of the
Fund. Conversion of the Fund to an open-end mutual fund would
require an amendment to the Funds Declaration of Trust.
Such an amendment would require the favorable vote of the
holders of at least 75% of the Funds outstanding shares
(including any preferred shares) entitled to be voted on the
matter, voting as a single class (or a majority of such shares
if the amendment were previously approved, adopted or authorized
by 75% of the total number of Trustees fixed in accordance with
the Bylaws), and, assuming preferred shares are issued, the
affirmative vote of a majority of outstanding preferred shares,
voting as a separate class.
CERTAIN
FEDERAL INCOME TAX MATTERS
The following is a general summary of certain federal income tax
considerations affecting us and our security holders. This
discussion does not purport to be complete or to deal with all
aspects of federal income taxation that may be relevant to
shareholders in light of their particular circumstances or who
are subject to special rules, such as banks, thrift institutions
and certain other financial institutions, REITs, regulated
investment companies, insurance companies, brokers and dealers
in securities or currencies, certain securities traders,
tax-exempt investors, individual retirement accounts, certain
tax-deferred accounts, and foreign investors. Tax matters are
very complicated, and the tax consequences of an investment in
and holding of our securities will depend on the particular
facts of each investors situation. Investors are advised
to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the
application to their own circumstances of the general federal
income taxation rules described below and with respect to other
federal, state, local or foreign tax consequences to them before
making an investment in our securities. Unless otherwise noted,
this discussion assumes that investors are U.S. persons and
hold our securities as capital assets. More detailed information
regarding the federal income tax consequences of investing in
our securities is in the statement of additional information.
Pursuant to U.S. Treasury Department Circular 230, we are
informing you that (1) this discussion is not intended to
be used, was not written to be used, and cannot be used, by any
taxpayer for the purpose of avoiding penalties under the
U.S. federal tax laws, (2) this discussion was written
by us in connection with the registration of our securities and
our promotion or marketing, and (3) each taxpayer should
seek advice based on his, her or its particular circumstances
from an independent tax advisor.
36
Federal
Income Taxation of the Fund
The Fund has elected to be treated, and intends to qualify each
year, as a regulated investment company under
Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
(the Code), so that it will not pay
U.S. federal income tax on income and capital gains timely
distributed to shareholders. If the Fund qualifies as a
regulated investment company and distributes to its shareholders
at least 90% of the sum of (i) its investment company
taxable income as that term is defined in the Code (which
includes, among other things, dividends, taxable interest, the
excess of any net short-term capital gains over net long-term
capital losses and certain net foreign exchange gains, less
certain deductible expenses) without regard to the deduction for
dividends paid, and (ii) the excess of its gross tax-exempt
interest, if any, over certain disallowed deductions, the Fund
will be relieved of U.S. federal income tax on any income
of the Fund, including long-term capital gains, distributed to
shareholders. However, if the Fund retains any investment
company taxable income or net capital gain (i.e., the excess of
net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), it
will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular
corporate federal income tax rates (currently at a maximum rate
of 35%) on the amount retained. The Fund intends to distribute
at least annually all or substantially all of its investment
company taxable income, net tax-exempt interest, and net capital
gain. Under the Code, the Fund will generally be subject to a
nondeductible 4% federal excise tax on its undistributed
ordinary income and capital gains if it fails to meet certain
distribution requirements with respect to each calendar year.
The Fund intends to make distributions in a timely manner in
amounts necessary to avoid the excise tax and accordingly does
not expect to be subject to this tax.
If, for any taxable year, the Fund does not qualify as a
regulated investment company for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, it would be treated in the same manner as a regular
corporation subject to U.S. federal income tax and
distributions to its shareholders would not be deducted by the
Fund in computing its taxable income. In such event, the
Funds distributions, to the extent derived from the
Funds current or accumulated earnings and profits, would
generally constitute ordinary dividends, which would generally
be eligible for the dividends received deduction available to
corporate shareholders, and non-corporate shareholders would
generally be able to treat such distributions as qualified
dividend income eligible for reduced rates of
U.S. federal income taxation in taxable years beginning on
or before December 31, 2010.
Certain of the Funds investment practices are subject to
special and complex federal income tax provisions that may,
among other things, (i) disallow, suspend or otherwise
limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions,
(ii) convert tax-advantaged, long-term capital gains and
qualified dividend income into higher taxed short-term capital
gain or ordinary income, (iii) convert an ordinary loss or
a deduction into a capital loss (the deductibility of which is
more limited), (iv) cause the Fund to recognize income or
gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (v) adversely
affect the timing as to when a purchase or sale of stock or
securities is deemed to occur, and (vi) adversely alter the
characterization of certain complex financial transactions. The
Fund will monitor its transactions and may make certain tax
elections where applicable in order to mitigate the effect of
these provisions, if possible.
Dividends, interest and some capital gains received by the Fund
on foreign securities may be subject to foreign tax withholdings
or other foreign taxes. If it meets certain requirements, the
Fund may make an election under the Code to pass through such
taxes to shareholders of the Fund. If such an election is not
made, any foreign taxes paid or accrued by the Fund will
represent an expense of the Fund. If an election is made,
shareholders will generally be able to claim a credit or
deduction on their federal income tax return for, and will be
required to treat as part of the amounts distributed to them,
their pro rata portion of the income taxes paid by the Fund to
foreign countries (which taxes relate primarily to investment
income). The Fund does not currently anticipate that it will
qualify to make such an election.
Federal
Income Taxation of Common and Preferred Shares
Federal Income Tax Treatment of Common Share
Distributions. Unless a shareholder is ineligible
to participate or elects otherwise, all distributions will be
automatically reinvested in additional shares of common stock of
the Fund pursuant to the Funds Automatic Dividend
Reinvestment Plan (the Plan). For taxpayers subject
to U.S. federal income tax, all dividends will generally be
taxable regardless of whether a shareholder takes them in cash
or they are reinvested pursuant to the Plan in additional shares
of the Fund. Distributions of the Funds
37
investment company taxable income (determined without regard to
the deduction for dividends paid) will generally be taxable at
ordinary federal income tax rates to the extent of the
Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits.
However, a portion of such distributions derived from certain
corporate dividends, if any, may qualify for either the
dividends received deduction available to corporate shareholders
under Section 243 of the Code or the reduced rates of
U.S. federal income taxation for qualified dividend
income currently available to noncorporate shareholders
under Section 1(h)(11) of the Code, provided certain
holding period and other requirements are met at both the Fund
and shareholder levels. The provisions of the Code applicable to
qualified dividend income are currently effective
for taxable years beginning on or before December 31, 2010.
Distributions of net capital gain, if any, are generally taxable
as long-term capital gains for U.S. federal income tax
purposes without regard to the length of time a shareholder has
held shares of the Fund. A distribution of an amount in excess
of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits,
if any, will be treated by a shareholder as a tax-free return of
capital, which is applied against and reduces the
shareholders basis in his, her or its shares. To the
extent that the amount of any such distribution exceeds the
shareholders basis in his, her or its shares, the excess
will be treated by the shareholder as gain from the sale or
exchange of shares. The U.S. federal income tax status of
all dividends and distributions will be designated by the Fund
and reported to the shareholders annually.
If the Fund retains any net capital gain, the Fund may designate
the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice
to shareholders who, if subject to U.S. federal income tax
on long-term capital gains, (i) will be required to include
in income as long-term capital gain their proportionate share of
such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to
credit their proportionate share of the federal income tax paid
by the Fund on the undistributed amount against their
U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim
refunds to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. If
such an event occurs, the tax basis of shares owned by a
shareholder of the Fund will, for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, generally be increased by the difference between the
amount of undistributed net capital gain included in the
shareholders gross income and the federal income tax
deemed paid by the shareholders.
If a shareholders distributions are automatically
reinvested pursuant to the Plan and the plan agent invests the
distribution in shares acquired on behalf of the shareholder in
open-market purchases, for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, the shareholder will be treated as having received a
taxable distribution in the amount of the cash dividend that the
shareholder would have received if the shareholder had elected
to receive cash. If a shareholders distributions are
automatically reinvested pursuant to the Plan and the plan agent
invests the distribution in newly issued shares of the Fund, the
shareholder will be treated as receiving a taxable distribution
equal to the fair market value of the stock the shareholder
receives.
Dividends declared by the Fund in October, November or December
with a record date in such month that are paid during the
following January will be treated for federal income tax
purposes as paid by the Fund and received by the shareholders on
December 31 of the calendar year in which they were declared.
Federal Income Tax Treatment of Preferred Share
Distributions. Under present law, we are of the
opinion that our preferred shares will constitute equity, and
thus distributions with respect to preferred shares (other than
distributions in redemption of preferred shares subject to
Section 302(b) of the Code) will generally constitute
dividends to the extent of the Funds current or
accumulated earnings and profits, as calculated for federal
income tax purposes. Except in the case of distributions of net
capital gain, such dividends generally will be taxable to
holders at ordinary federal income tax rates but may qualify for
the dividends received deduction available to corporate
shareholders under Section 243 of the Code or the reduced
rates of U.S. federal income taxation under
Section 1(h)(11) of the Code that apply to qualified
dividend income received by noncorporate shareholders.
Distributions designated by the Fund as net capital gain
distributions will be taxable as long-term capital gain
regardless of the length of time a shareholder has held shares
of the Fund. Please see the discussion above on qualified
dividend income, dividends received deductions and net capital
gain.
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) currently
requires that a regulated investment company that has two or
more classes of stock allocate to each such class proportionate
amounts of each type of its income (such as ordinary income and
capital gains). Accordingly, the Fund intends to designate
distributions made with respect to preferred shares as ordinary
income, capital gain distributions, dividends qualifying for the
dividends received deduction, if any, and qualified dividend
income, if any, in proportion to the preferred shares
share of total dividends paid during the year. See Federal
Income Tax Matters in the statement of additional
information.
38
Earnings and profits are generally treated, for federal income
tax purposes, as first being used to pay distributions on the
preferred shares, and then to the extent remaining, if any, to
pay distributions on the common shares. Distributions in excess
of the Funds earnings and profits, if any, will first
reduce a shareholders adjusted tax basis in his or her
preferred shares and, after the adjusted tax basis is reduced to
zero, will constitute capital gains to a shareholder who holds
such shares as a capital asset.
Dividends declared by the Fund in October, November or December
with a record date in such month that are paid during the
following January will be treated for federal income tax
purposes as paid by the Fund and received by the shareholders on
December 31 of the calendar year in which they were declared.
Sale of Shares. Sales and other dispositions
of the Funds shares generally are taxable events for
shareholders that are subject to U.S. federal income tax.
Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors with
reference to their individual circumstances to determine whether
any particular transaction in the Funds shares is properly
treated as a sale or exchange for federal income tax purposes,
as the following discussion assumes, and the tax treatment of
any gains or losses recognized in such transactions. Gain or
loss will generally be equal to the difference between the
amount of cash and the fair market value of other property
received and the shareholders adjusted tax basis in the
shares sold or exchanged. Such gain or loss will generally be
characterized as capital gain or loss and will be long-term or
short-term depending on the shareholders holding period in
the shares disposed. However, any loss realized by a shareholder
upon the sale or other disposition of shares with a federal
income tax holding period of six months or less will be treated
as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated
as distributions of long-term capital gain with respect to such
shares. The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited. In
addition, losses on sales or other dispositions of shares may be
disallowed under the wash sale rules in the event
that substantially identical stock or securities are acquired
(including those made pursuant to reinvestment of dividends)
within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before
and ending 30 days after a sale or other disposition of
shares. In such a case, the disallowed portion of any loss
generally would be included in the U.S. federal tax basis
of the shares acquired.
Backup Withholding. The Fund is required in
certain circumstances to withhold federal income tax
(backup withholding) at a current rate of 28% on
reportable payments including dividends, capital gain
distributions, and proceeds of sales or other dispositions of
the Funds shares paid to certain holders of the
Funds shares who do not furnish the Fund with their
correct social security number or other taxpayer identification
number and certain other certifications, or who are otherwise
subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an
additional tax. Any amounts withheld from payments made to a
shareholder may be refunded or credited against such
shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability, if
any, provided that the required information is furnished to the
IRS.
Federal
Income Taxation of Debt Securities
Federal Income Tax Treatment of Holders of Debt
Securities. Under present law, we are of the
opinion that the debt securities will constitute indebtedness of
the Fund for federal income tax purposes, which the discussion
below assumes. We intend to treat all payments made with respect
to the debt securities consistent with this characterization.
Taxation of Interest. Payments or accruals of
interest on debt securities generally will be taxable to you as
ordinary interest income at the time such interest is received
(actually or constructively) or accrued, in accordance with your
regular method of accounting for federal income tax purposes.
Purchase, Sale and Redemption of Debt
Securities. Initially, your tax basis in debt
securities acquired generally will be equal to your cost to
acquire such debt securities. This basis will increase by the
amounts, if any, that you include in income under the rules
governing market discount, and will decrease by the amount of
any amortized premium on such debt securities, as discussed
below. When you sell or exchange any of your debt securities, or
if any of your debt securities are redeemed, you generally will
recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the
amount you realize on the transaction (less any accrued and
unpaid interest, which will be subject to federal income tax as
interest in the manner described above) and your tax basis in
the debt securities relinquished.
39
Except as discussed below with respect to market discount, the
gain or loss that you recognize on the sale, exchange or
redemption of any of your debt securities generally will be
capital gain or loss. Such gain or loss will generally be
long-term capital gain or loss if the disposed debt securities
were held for more than one year and will be short-term capital
gain or loss if the disposed debt securities were held for one
year or less. Net long-term capital gain recognized by a
noncorporate U.S. holder generally will be subject to
federal income tax at a lower rate (currently a maximum rate of
15%, although this rate will increase to 20% for taxable years
beginning after December 31, 2010) than net short-term
capital gain or ordinary income (currently a maximum rate of
35%). For corporate holders, capital gain is generally taxed for
federal income tax purposes at the same rate as ordinary income,
that is, currently at a maximum rate of 35%. A holders
ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
Amortizable Premium. If you purchase debt
securities at a cost greater than their stated principal amount,
plus accrued interest, you will be considered to have purchased
the debt securities at a premium, and you generally may elect to
amortize this premium as an offset to interest income, using a
constant yield method, over the remaining term of the debt
securities. If you make the election to amortize the premium, it
generally will apply to all debt instruments that you hold at
the beginning of the first taxable year to which the election
applies, as well as any debt instruments that you subsequently
acquire. In addition, you may not revoke the election without
the consent of the IRS. If you elect to amortize the premium,
you will be required to reduce your tax basis in the debt
securities by the amount of the premium amortized during your
holding period. If you do not elect to amortize premium, the
amount of premium will be included in your tax basis in the debt
securities. Therefore, if you do not elect to amortize the
premium and you hold the debt securities to maturity, you
generally will be required to treat the premium as a capital
loss when the debt securities are redeemed.
Market Discount. If you purchase debt
securities at a price that reflects a market
discount, any principal payments on, or any gain that you
realize on the disposition of the debt securities generally will
be treated as ordinary interest income to the extent of the
market discount that accrued on the debt securities during the
time you held such debt securities. Market discount
is defined under the Code as, in general, the excess of the
stated redemption price at maturity over the purchase price of
the debt security, except that if the market discount is less
than 0.25% of the stated redemption price at maturity multiplied
by the number of complete years to maturity, the market discount
is considered to be zero. In addition, you may be required to
defer the deduction of all or a portion of any interest paid on
any indebtedness that you incurred or continued to purchase or
carry the debt securities that were acquired at a market
discount. In general, market discount will be treated as
accruing ratably over the term of the debt securities, or, at
your election, under a constant yield method.
You may elect to include market discount in gross income
currently as it accrues (on either a ratable or constant yield
basis), in lieu of treating a portion of any gain realized on a
sale of the debt securities as ordinary income. If you elect to
include market discount on a current basis, the interest
deduction deferral rule described above will not apply and you
will increase your basis in the debt security by the amount of
market discount you include in gross income. If you do make such
an election, it will apply to all market discount debt
instruments that you acquire on or after the first day of the
first taxable year to which the election applies. This election
may not be revoked without the consent of the IRS.
Information Reporting and Backup
Withholding. In general, information reporting
requirements will apply to payments of principal, interest, and
premium, if any, paid on debt securities and to the proceeds of
the sale of debt securities paid to U.S. holders other than
certain exempt recipients (such as certain corporations).
Information reporting generally will apply to payments of
interest on the debt securities to
non-U.S. Holders
(as defined below) and the amount of tax, if any, withheld with
respect to such payments. Copies of the information returns
reporting such interest payments and any withholding may also be
made available to the tax authorities in the country in which
the
non-U.S. Holder
resides under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty.
In addition, for
non-U.S. Holders,
information reporting will apply to the proceeds of the sale of
debt securities within the United States or conducted through
United States-related financial intermediaries unless the
certification requirements described below have been complied
with and the statement described below in Taxation of
Non-U.S. Holders
has been received (and the payor does not have actual knowledge
or reason to know that the holder is a United States person) or
the holder otherwise establishes an exemption.
40
We may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, a portion of all payments (including redemption
proceeds) payable to holders of debt securities who fail to
provide us with their correct taxpayer identification number,
who fail to make required certifications or who have been
notified by the IRS that they are subject to backup withholding
(or if we have been so notified). Certain corporate and other
shareholders specified in the Code and the regulations
thereunder are exempt from backup withholding. Backup
withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may
be credited against the holders U.S. federal income
tax liability provided the appropriate information is furnished
to the IRS. If you are a
non-U.S. Holder,
you may have to comply with certification procedures to
establish your
non-U.S. status
in order to avoid backup withholding tax requirements. The
certification procedures required to claim the exemption from
withholding tax on interest income described below will satisfy
these requirements.
Taxation of
Non-U.S. Holders. If
you are a non-resident alien individual or a foreign corporation
(a
non-U.S. Holder),
the payment of interest on the debt securities generally will be
considered portfolio interest and thus generally
will be exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax. This
exemption will apply to you provided that (1) interest paid
on the debt securities is not effectively connected with your
conduct of a trade or business in the United States,
(2) you are not a bank whose receipt of interest on the
debt securities is described in Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the
Code, (3) you do not actually or constructively own
10 percent or more of the combined voting power of all
classes of the Funds stock entitled to vote, (4) you
are not a controlled foreign corporation that is related,
directly or indirectly, to the Fund through stock ownership, and
(5) you satisfy the certification requirements described
below.
To satisfy the certification requirements, either (1) the
holder of any debt securities must certify, under penalties of
perjury, that such holder is a
non-U.S. person
and must provide such owners name, address and taxpayer
identification number, if any, on IRS
Form W-8BEN,
or (2) a securities clearing organization, bank or other
financial institution that holds customer securities in the
ordinary course of its trade or business and holds the debt
securities on behalf of the holder thereof must certify, under
penalties of perjury, that it has received a valid and properly
executed IRS
Form W-8BEN
from the beneficial holder and comply with certain other
requirements. Special certification rules apply for debt
securities held by a foreign partnership and other
intermediaries.
Interest on debt securities received by a
non-U.S. Holder
that is not excluded from U.S. federal withholding tax
under the portfolio interest exemption as described above
generally will be subject to withholding at a 30% rate, except
where (1) the interest is effectively connected with the
conduct of a U.S. trade or business, in which case the
interest will generally be subject to U.S. income tax on a
net basis as applicable to U.S. holders generally or
(2) a
non-U.S. Holder
can claim the benefits of an applicable income tax treaty to
reduce or eliminate such withholding tax. To claim the benefit
of an income tax treaty or to claim an exemption from
withholding because the interest is effectively connected with a
U.S. trade or business, a
non-U.S. Holder
must timely provide the appropriate, properly executed IRS
forms. These forms may be required to be periodically updated.
Also, a
non-U.S. Holder
who is claiming the benefits of an income tax treaty may be
required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number
and to provide certain documentary evidence issued by foreign
governmental authorities to prove residence in the foreign
country.
Any capital gain that a
non-U.S. Holder
realizes on a sale, exchange or other disposition of debt
securities generally will be exempt from United States federal
income tax, including withholding tax. This exemption will not
apply to you if your gain is effectively connected with your
conduct of a trade or business in the U.S. or you are an
individual holder and are present in the U.S. for a period
or periods aggregating 183 days or more in the taxable year
of the disposition and either your gain is attributable to an
office or other fixed place of business that you maintain in the
U.S. or you have a tax home in the United States.
NET ASSET
VALUE
Net asset value per share is determined no less frequently than
the close of regular session trading on the New York Stock
Exchange (usually 4:00 p.m., Eastern time), on the last
business day in each week, or such other time as the Fund may
determine. Net asset value is calculated by dividing the value
of all of the securities and other assets of the Fund, less its
liabilities (including accrued expenses and indebtedness) and
the aggregate liquidation value of any outstanding preferred
shares, by the total number of common shares outstanding.
Currently, the net asset values
41
of shares of publicly traded closed-end investment companies
investing in debt securities are published in Barrons, the
Monday edition of The Wall Street Journal and the Monday and
Saturday editions of The New York Times.
The values of the securities in the Fund are based on market
prices from the primary market in which they are traded. As a
general rule, equity securities listed on a U.S. securities
exchange are valued at the last current reported sale price as
of the time of valuation. Securities quoted on the NASDAQ
National Market System are valued at the Nasdaq Official Closing
Price (NOCP), as determined by Nasdaq, or lacking an
NOCP, at the last current reported sale price as of the time of
valuation. Bonds and other fixed-income securities that are
traded over the counter and on an exchange will be valued
according to the broadest and most representative market, and it
is expected this will ordinarily be the over-the-counter market.
The foreign securities held by the Fund are traded on exchanges
throughout the world. Trading on these foreign securities
exchanges is completed at various times throughout the day and
often does not coincide with the close of trading on the NYSE.
The value of foreign securities is generally determined at the
close of trading of the exchange on which the securities are
traded or at the close of trading on the NYSE, whichever is
earlier.
If market prices are not readily available or the Funds
valuation methods do not produce a value reflective of the fair
value of the security, securities and other assets are priced at
a fair value determined in accordance with procedures adopted by
the Board of Trustees, which may include a systematic fair
valuation model provided by an independent service provider.
The Fund also may use fair value pricing if the value of a
security it holds has been affected by events occurring before
the Funds pricing time, but after the close of the primary
markets or exchanges on which the security is traded. When fair
value pricing is employed, the prices of portfolio securities
used to calculate the Funds net asset value may differ
from market quotations or official closing prices for the same
securities. This means that the Fund may value those securities
higher or lower than another fund that uses market quotations or
official closing prices.
The fair value pricing procedures recognize that volatility in
the U.S. markets may cause prices of foreign securities
determined at the close of the foreign market or exchange on
which the securities are traded to no longer be reliable when
the Funds net asset value is determined. As a result, at
least some of the Funds foreign securities may be valued
at their fair value in accordance with the fair value pricing
procedures on any day the Fund calculates its net asset value.
Values of foreign securities are translated from local
currencies into U.S. dollars using current exchange rates.
Trading in securities in foreign markets takes place on some
days (including some weekend days and U.S. holidays) when
the NYSE is not open, and does not take place on some days when
the NYSE is open. So, the value of the Funds portfolio may
be affected on days when the Fund does not calculate its net
asset value.
DIVIDENDS
AND DISTRIBUTIONS ON COMMON SHARES;
AUTOMATIC DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN
Dividends
and Distributions on Common Shares
The Fund has made regular monthly distributions to its common
shareholders in amounts ranging from $0.0750 to $0.1025 per
share since June 2004. Additionally, the Fund made a
distribution of $0.0398 in January 2008.
The Fund currently intends to make monthly distributions to
common shareholders at a level rate established by the Board of
Trustees. The rate may be modified by the Board of Trustees from
time to time. Monthly distributions may include net investment
income, net realized short-term capital gain and, if necessary,
return of capital. Net realized short-term capital gains
distributed to common shareholders will be taxed as ordinary
income. In addition, one distribution per calendar year may
include net realized long-term capital gains. There is no
guarantee that the Fund will realize capital gains in any given
year. Pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act and other
applicable laws, a notice would accompany each monthly
distribution with respect to the estimated source of the
distribution made. Distributions are subject to
re-characterization for federal income tax purposes after the
end of the fiscal year. The Fund may at times in its discretion
pay out less than the entire amount of net investment income
earned in any particular period and may at times pay out such
accumulated undistributed income in addition
42
to net investment income earned in other periods in order to
permit the Fund to maintain its level distribution policy. As a
result, the dividend paid by the Fund to holders of common
shares for any particular period may be more or less than the
amount of net investment income earned by the Fund during such
period. In addition, in order to make such distributions, the
Fund might have to sell a portion of its investment portfolio at
a time when independent investment judgment might not dictate
such action.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund is required
to distribute substantially all of its net investment income and
net realized capital gains each year to both reduce its federal
income tax liability and to avoid a potential excise tax.
Accordingly, the Fund intends to distribute all or substantially
all of its net investment income and all net realized capital
gains, if any. Therefore, the Funds final distribution
with respect to each calendar year would include any remaining
net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any,
undistributed during the year.
If, for any calendar year, the Funds total distributions
exceeded net investment income and net realized capital gains
(the Excess), the Excess, distributed from the
Funds assets, would generally be treated as dividend
income to the extent of the Funds current and accumulated
earnings and profits. Thereafter, such Excess would be treated
as a tax-free return of capital up to the amount of the common
shareholders tax basis in his, her or its common shares,
with any amounts exceeding such basis treated as gain from the
sale of common shares. See Certain Federal Income Tax
Matters.
In the event the Fund distributed the Excess, such distribution
would decrease the Funds total assets and, therefore, have
the likely effect of increasing the Funds expense ratio.
There is a risk that the Fund would not eventually realize
capital gains in an amount corresponding to a distribution of
the Excess.
In January 2004, Calamos, on behalf of itself and certain funds,
filed an exemptive application with the Commission seeking an
order under the 1940 Act facilitating the implementation of the
Managed Dividend Policy. In March 2007, an amended and restated
exemptive application was filed with the Commission. If, and
when, Calamos, on behalf of itself and other parties, receives
the requested relief, the Fund may, subject to the determination
of its Board of Trustees, implement a Managed Dividend Policy.
Under a Managed Dividend Policy, the Fund would seek to
distribute a monthly fixed percentage of net asset value to
common shareholders. If, for any distribution, net investment
income and net realized capital gains were less than the amount
of the distribution, the differences would be distributed from
the Funds assets. In addition, in order to make such
distributions, the Fund might have to sell a portion of its
investment portfolio at a time when independent investment
judgment might not dictate such action.
Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted to incur
indebtedness unless immediately after such incurrence the Fund
has an asset coverage of at least 300% of the aggregate
outstanding principal balance of indebtedness. Additionally,
under the 1940 Act, the Fund may not declare any dividend or
other distribution upon any class of its capital shares, or
purchase any such capital shares, unless the aggregate
indebtedness of the Fund has, at the time of the declaration of
any such dividend or distribution or at the time of any such
purchase, an asset coverage of at least 300% after deducting the
amount of such dividend, distribution, or purchase price, as the
case may be.
While any preferred shares are outstanding, the Fund may not
declare any dividend or other distribution on its common shares,
unless at the time of such declaration, (1) all accumulated
preferred dividends have been paid and (2) the net asset
value of the Funds portfolio (determined after deducting
the amount of such dividend or other distribution) is at least
200% of the liquidation value of the outstanding preferred
shares (expected to be equal to the original purchase price per
share plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon).
In addition to the limitations imposed by the 1940 Act described
above, certain lenders may impose additional restrictions on the
payment of dividends or distributions on common shares in the
event of a default on the Funds borrowings. If the
Funds ability to make distributions on its common shares
is limited, such limitation could, under certain circumstances,
impair the ability of the Fund to maintain its qualification for
federal income taxation as a regulated investment company, which
would have adverse tax consequences for shareholders. See
Leverage and Certain Federal Income Tax
Matters.
See Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan
for information concerning the manner in which dividends and
distributions to common shareholders may be automatically
reinvested in common shares. Dividends and
43
distributions are taxable to shareholders for federal income tax
purposes whether they are reinvested in shares of the Fund or
received in cash.
The yield on the Funds common shares will vary from period
to period depending on factors including, but not limited to,
market conditions, the timing of the Funds investment in
portfolio securities, the securities comprising the Funds
portfolio, changes in interest rates including changes in the
relationship between short-term rates and long-term rates, the
amount and timing of the use of borrowings and other leverage by
the Fund, the effects of leverage on the common shares discussed
above under Leverage, the timing of the investment
of leverage proceeds in portfolio securities, the Funds
net assets and its operating expenses. Consequently, the Fund
cannot guarantee any particular yield on its common shares and
the yield for any given period is not an indication or
representation of future yields on the Funds common shares.
Automatic
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
Pursuant to the Plan, unless a shareholder is ineligible or
elects otherwise, all dividend and capital gains on common
shares distributions are automatically reinvested by The Bank of
New York, as agent for shareholders in administering the Plan
(Plan Agent), in additional common shares of the
Fund. Shareholders who elect not to participate in the Plan will
receive all dividends and distributions payable in cash paid by
check mailed directly to the shareholder of record (or, if the
shares are held in street or other nominee name, then to such
nominee) by Plan Agent, as dividend paying agent. Such
shareholders may elect not to participate in the Plan and to
receive all dividends and distributions in cash by sending
written instructions to Plan Agent, as dividend paying agent, at
the address set forth below. Participation in the Plan is
completely voluntary and may be terminated or resumed at any
time without penalty by giving notice in writing to the Plan
Agent; such termination will be effective with respect to a
particular dividend or distribution if notice is received prior
to the record date for the applicable distribution.
Whenever the Fund declares a dividend or distribution payable
either in shares or in cash, non-participants in the Plan will
receive cash, and participants in the Plan will receive the
equivalent in shares of common shares. The shares are acquired
by the Plan Agent for the participants account, depending
upon the circumstances described below, either (i) through
receipt of additional common shares from the Fund (newly
issued shares) or (ii) by purchase of outstanding
common shares on the open market (open-market
purchases) on the NYSE or elsewhere. If, on the payment
date, the net asset value per share of the common shares is
equal to or less than the market price per common share plus
estimated brokerage commissions (such condition being referred
to herein as market premium), the Plan Agent will
receive newly issued shares from the Fund for each
participants account. The number of newly issued common
shares to be credited to the participants account will be
determined by dividing the dollar amount of the dividend or
distribution by the greater of (i) the net asset value per
common share on the payment date, or (ii) 95% of the market
price per common share on the payment date.
If, on the payment date, the net asset value per common share
exceeds the market price plus estimated brokerage commissions
(such condition being referred to herein as market
discount), the Plan Agent has until the last business day
before the next date on which the shares trade on an
ex-dividend basis or in no event more than
30 days after the payment date (last purchase
date) to invest the dividend or distribution amount in
shares acquired in open-market purchases. It is contemplated
that the Fund will pay monthly income dividends. Therefore, the
period during which open-market purchases can be made will exist
only from the payment date on the dividend through the date
before the next ex-dividend date, which typically will be
approximately ten days. The weighted average price (including
brokerage commissions) of all common shares purchased by the
Plan Agent as Plan Agent will be the price per common share
allocable to each participant. If, before the Plan Agent has
completed its open-market purchases, the market price of a
common share exceeds the net asset value per share, the average
per share purchase price paid by the Plan Agent may exceed the
net asset value of the Funds shares, resulting in the
acquisition of fewer shares than if the dividend had been paid
in newly issued shares on the payment date. Because of the
foregoing difficulty with respect to open-market purchases, the
Plan provides that if the Plan Agent is unable to invest the
full dividend amount in open-market purchases during the
purchase period or if the market discount shifts to a market
premium during the purchase period, the Plan Agent will cease
making open-market purchases and will invest the uninvested
portion of the dividend or distribution amount in newly issued
shares at the close of business on the last purchase date.
44
The Plan Agent maintains all shareholders accounts in the
Plan and furnishes written confirmation of each acquisition made
for the participants account as soon as practicable, but
in no event later than 60 days after the date thereof.
Shares in the account of each Plan participant will be held by
the Plan Agent in non-certificated form in the Plan Agents
name or that of its nominee, and each shareholders proxy
will include those shares purchased or received pursuant to the
Plan. The Plan Agent will forward all proxy solicitation
materials to participants and vote proxies for shares held
pursuant to the Plan first in accordance with the instructions
of the participants then with respect to any proxies not
returned by such participant, in the same proportion as the Plan
Agent votes the proxies returned by the participants.
There will be no brokerage charges with respect to shares issued
directly by the Fund as a result of dividends or distributions
payable either in shares or in cash. However, each participant
will pay a pro rata share of brokerage commissions incurred with
respect to the Plan Agents open-market purchases in
connection with the reinvestment of dividends or distributions.
If a participant elects to have the Plan Agent sell part or all
of his or her common shares and remit the proceeds, such
participant will be charged his or her pro rata share of
brokerage commissions on the shares sold, plus a $15 transaction
fee.
The automatic reinvestment of dividends and distributions will
not relieve participants of any federal, state or local income
tax that may be payable (or required to be withheld) on such
dividends. See Certain Federal Income Tax Matters.
Shareholders participating in the Plan may receive benefits not
available to shareholders not participating in the Plan. If the
market price plus commissions of the Funds shares is
higher than the net asset value, participants in the Plan will
receive shares of the Fund at less than they could otherwise
purchase them and will have shares with a cash value greater
than the value of any cash distribution they would have received
on their shares. If the market price plus commissions is below
the net asset value, participants receive distributions of
shares with a net asset value greater than the value of any cash
distribution they would have received on their shares. However,
there may be insufficient shares available in the market to make
distributions in shares at prices below the net asset value.
Also, since the Fund does not redeem its shares, the price on
resale may be more or less than the net asset value. See
Certain Federal Income Tax Matters for a discussion
of federal income tax consequences of the Plan.
Experience under the Plan may indicate that changes are
desirable. Accordingly, the Fund reserves the right to amend or
terminate the Plan if in the judgment of the Board of Trustees
such a change is warranted. The Plan may be terminated by the
Plan Agent or the Fund upon notice in writing mailed to each
participant at least 60 days prior to the effective date of
the termination. Upon any termination, the Plan Agent will cause
a certificate or certificates to be issued for the full shares
held by each participant under the Plan and cash adjustment for
any fraction of a common share at the then current market value
of the common shares to be delivered to him or her. If
preferred, a participant may request the sale of all of the
common shares held by the Plan Agent in his or her Plan account
in order to terminate participation in the Plan. If such
participant elects in advance of such termination to have the
Plan Agent sell part or all of his shares, the Plan Agent is
authorized to deduct from the proceeds a $15.00 fee plus the
brokerage commissions incurred for the transaction. If a
participant has terminated his or her participation in the Plan
but continues to have common shares registered in his or her
name, he or she may re-enroll in the Plan at any time by
notifying the Plan Agent in writing at the address above. The
terms and conditions of the Plan may be amended by the Plan
Agent or the Fund at any time but, except when necessary or
appropriate to comply with applicable law or the rules or
policies of the Commission or any other regulatory authority,
only by mailing to each participant appropriate written notice
at least 30 days prior to the effective date thereof. The
amendment shall be deemed to be accepted by each participant
unless, prior to the effective date thereof, the Plan Agent
receives notice of the termination of the participants
account under the Plan. Any such amendment may include an
appointment by the Plan Agent of a successor Plan Agent, subject
to the prior written approval of the successor Plan Agent by the
Fund. There is no direct service charge to participants in the
Plan; however, the Fund reserves the right to amend the Plan to
include a service charge payable by the participants.
All correspondence concerning the Plan should be directed to the
Plan Agent at Dividend Reinvestment Department,
P.O. Box 1958, Newark, NJ
07101-9774.
45
DESCRIPTION
OF SECURITIES
The Fund is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common
shares, without par value. The Fund is also authorized to issue
preferred shares. The Board of Trustees is authorized to
classify and reclassify any unissued shares into one or more
additional classes or series of shares. As of December 31,
2007, the Fund had 154,514,000 common shares outstanding and
43,200 Preferred Shares outstanding. The Board of Trustees may
establish such series or class from time to time by setting or
changing in any one or more respects the designations,
preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications or
terms or conditions of redemption of such shares and pursuant to
such classification or reclassification to increase or decrease
the number of authorized shares of any existing class or series.
The Board of Trustees, without shareholder approval, is
authorized to amend the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and
Bylaws to reflect the terms of any such class or series. The
Fund is also authorized to issue other securities, including
debt securities.
Common
Shares
Common shares, when issued and outstanding, will be legally
issued, fully paid and non-assessable. Shareholders are entitled
to share pro rata in the net assets of the Fund available for
distribution to common shareholders upon liquidation of the
Fund. Common shareholders are entitled to one vote for each
share held.
So long as any shares of the Funds preferred shares are
outstanding, holders of common shares will not be entitled to
receive any net income of or other distributions from the Fund
unless all accumulated dividends on preferred shares have been
paid, and unless asset coverage (as defined in the 1940 Act)
with respect to preferred shares would be at least 200% after
giving effect to such distributions. See Leverage.
The Fund will send unaudited reports at least semiannually and
audited annual financial statements to all of its shareholders.
Other offerings of common shares, if made, will require approval
of the Board of Trustees and will be subject to the requirement
of the 1940 Act that common shares may not be sold at a price
below the then-current net asset value, exclusive of
underwriting discounts and commissions, except in limited
circumstances including in connection with an offering to
existing shareholders.
Preferred
Shares
On May 5, 2004, the Fund issued Preferred Shares,
liquidation preference of $25,000 per share ($430,000,000 in the
aggregate). As a non-fundamental policy, the Fund may not issue
preferred shares or borrow money and issue debt securities with
an aggregate liquidation preference and aggregate principal
amount exceeding 38% of the Funds total assets. However,
the Board of Trustees reserves the right to issue preferred
shares to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, which currently
limits the aggregate liquidation preference of all outstanding
preferred shares to 50% of the value of the Funds total
assets less the Funds liabilities and indebtedness. The
preferred shares pay dividends at dividend rates based on
auctions normally held every 7 or 28 days. Under the 1940
Act, the Fund may only issue one class of preferred shares. So
long as any preferred shares are outstanding, additional
issuances of preferred shares may not have preference or
priority over the outstanding preferred shares. It is expected
that any additional issuance of preferred shares would be
additional shares of an existing series of preferred shares or
shares of an additional series of preferred shares.
In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation,
dissolution or winding up of the Fund, the holders of preferred
shares will be entitled to receive a preferential liquidating
distribution, which is expected to equal the original purchase
price per preferred share plus accumulated and unpaid dividends,
whether or not declared, before any distribution of assets is
made to holders of common shares. After payment of the full
amount of the liquidating distribution to which they are
entitled, the holders of preferred shares will not be entitled
to any further participation in any distribution of assets by
the Fund.
The 1940 Act requires that the holders of any preferred shares,
voting separately as a single class, have the right to elect at
least two Trustees at all times. The remaining Trustees will be
elected by holders of common shares and preferred shares, voting
together as a single class. In addition, subject to the prior
rights, if any, of the holders of any other class of senior
securities outstanding, the holders of any preferred shares have
the right to elect a majority of
46
the Trustees at any time two years accumulated dividends
on any preferred shares are unpaid. The 1940 Act also requires
that, in addition to any approval by shareholders that might
otherwise be required, the approval of the holders of a majority
of any outstanding preferred shares, voting separately as a
class, would be required to (1) adopt any plan of
reorganization that would adversely affect the preferred shares,
and (2) take any action requiring a vote of security
holders under Section 13(a) of the 1940 Act, including,
among other things, changes in the Funds subclassification
as a closed-end investment company or changes in its fundamental
investment restrictions. See Certain Provisions of the
Agreement and Declaration of Trust and Bylaws. As a result
of these voting rights, the Funds ability to take any such
actions may be impeded to the extent that there are any
preferred shares outstanding. Except as otherwise indicated in
this prospectus and except as otherwise required by applicable
law, holders of preferred shares have equal voting rights with
holders of common shares (one vote per share, unless otherwise
required by the 1940 Act) and will vote together with holders of
common shares as a single class.
The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding preferred shares, voting as a separate class, will
be required to amend, alter or repeal any of the preferences,
rights or powers of holders of preferred shares so as to affect
materially and adversely such preferences, rights or powers, or
to increase or decrease the authorized number of preferred
shares. The class vote of holders of preferred shares described
above will in each case be in addition to any other vote
required to authorize the action in question.
The terms of the outstanding preferred shares provide that
(i) they are redeemable by the Fund in whole or in part at
the original purchase price per share plus accrued dividends per
share, (ii) the Fund may tender for or purchase preferred
shares and (iii) the Fund may subsequently resell any
shares so tendered for or purchased. Any redemption or purchase
of preferred shares by the Fund will reduce the leverage
applicable to the common shares, while any resale of shares by
the Fund will increase that leverage.
Debt
Securities
General. Under Delaware law and our Agreement
and Declaration of Trust, we may borrow money, without prior
approval of holders of common and preferred shares. We may issue
debt securities, or other evidence of indebtedness (including
bank borrowings or commercial paper) and may secure any such
notes or borrowings by mortgaging, pledging or otherwise
subjecting as security our assets to the extent permitted by the
1940 Act or rating agency guidelines. Any borrowings will rank
senior to preferred shares and common shares.
Under the 1940 Act, we may only issue one class of senior
securities representing indebtedness, which in the aggregate,
may represent no more than
331/3%
of our total assets. A prospectus supplement and indenture (a
summary of the expected terms of which is attached as
Appendix A to the statement of additional information)
relating to any debt securities will include specific terms
relating to the offering. These terms will include the following:
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the form and title of the security;
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the aggregate principal amount of the securities;
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the interest rate of the securities;
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the maturity dates on which the principal of the securities will
be payable;
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the frequency with which auctions will be held;
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any changes to or additional events of default or covenants;
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any optional or mandatory redemption provisions;
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any changes in trustees, auction agents, paying agents or
security registrar; and
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any other terms of the securities.
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Interest. Unless otherwise stated in a
prospectus supplement, debt securities will bear interest as
generally determined by the results of an auction for such
securities
and/or by
the Board of Trustees, as more fully described in the related
prospectus supplement. Interest on debt securities shall be
payable when due as described in the related prospectus
supplement. If we do not pay interest when due, it will trigger
an event of default and we will be
47
restricted from declaring dividends and making other
distributions with respect to our common shares and preferred
shares.
Limitations. Under the requirements of the
1940 Act, immediately after issuing any senior securities
representing indebtedness, we must have an asset coverage of at
least 300%. Asset coverage means the ratio which the value of
our total assets, less all liabilities and indebtedness not
represented by senior securities, bears to the aggregate amount
of senior securities representing indebtedness. Other types of
borrowings also may result in our being subject to similar
covenants in credit agreements.
Events of Default and Acceleration of Maturity of Debt
Securities; Remedies. Unless stated otherwise in
the related prospectus supplement, any one of the following
events are expected to constitute an event of
default for that series under the indenture:
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default in the payment of any interest upon a series of debt
securities when it becomes due and payable and the continuance
of such default for 30 days;
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default in the payment of the principal of, or premium on, a
series of debt securities at its stated maturity;
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default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or
warranty of ours in the indenture, and continuance of such
default or breach for a period of 90 days after written
notice has been given to us by the trustee;
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certain voluntary or involuntary proceedings involving us and
relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar laws;
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if, on the last business day of each of twenty-four consecutive
calendar months, the debt securities have a 1940 Act asset
coverage of less than 100%; or
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any other event of default provided with respect to
a series, including a default in the payment of any redemption
price payable on the redemption date.
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Upon the occurrence and continuance of an event of default, the
holders of a majority in principal amount of a series of
outstanding debt securities or the trustee may declare the
principal amount of that series of debt securities immediately
due and payable upon written notice to us. A default that
relates only to one series of debt securities does not affect
any other series and the holders of such other series of debt
securities are not entitled to receive notice of such a default
under the indenture. Upon an event of default relating to
bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar laws, acceleration of
maturity occurs automatically with respect to all series. At any
time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to a
series of debt securities has been made, and before a judgment
or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained, the
holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding
debt securities of that series, by written notice to us and the
trustee, may rescind and annul the declaration of acceleration
and its consequences if all events of default with respect to
that series of debt securities, other than the non-payment of
the principal of that series of debt securities which has become
due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured
or waived and other conditions have been met.
Liquidation Rights. In the event of
(a) any insolvency or bankruptcy case or proceeding, or any
receivership, liquidation, reorganization or other similar case
or proceeding in connection therewith, relative to us or to our
creditors, as such, or to our assets, or (b) any
liquidation, dissolution or other winding up of the Fund,
whether voluntary or involuntary and whether or not involving
insolvency or bankruptcy, or (c) any assignment for the
benefit of creditors or any other marshalling of assets and
liabilities of ours, then (after any payments with respect to
any secured creditor of ours outstanding at such time) and in
any such event the holders of debt securities shall be entitled
to receive payment in full of all amounts due or to become due
on or in respect of all debt securities (including any interest
accruing thereon after the commencement of any such case or
proceeding), or provision shall be made for such payment in cash
or cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the
holders of the debt securities, before the holders of any common
or preferred stock of the Fund are entitled to receive any
payment on account of any redemption proceeds, liquidation
preference or dividends from such shares. The holders of debt
securities shall be entitled to receive, for application to the
payment thereof, any payment or distribution of any kind or
character, whether in cash, property or securities, including
any such payment or distribution which may be payable or
deliverable by reason of the payment of any other indebtedness
of ours being subordinated to the
48
payment of the debt securities, which may be payable or
deliverable in respect of the debt securities in any such case,
proceeding, dissolution, liquidation or other winding up event.
Unsecured creditors of ours may include, without limitation,
service providers including Calamos, custodian, administrator,
auction agent, broker-dealers and the trustee, pursuant to the
terms of various contracts with us. Secured creditors of ours
may include without limitation parties entering into any
interest rate swap, floor or cap transactions, or other similar
transactions with us that create liens, pledges, charges,
security interests, security agreements or other encumbrances on
our assets.
A consolidation, reorganization or merger of the Fund with or
into any other company, or a sale, lease or exchange of all or
substantially all of our assets in consideration for the
issuance of equity securities of another company shall not be
deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the
Fund.
Voting Rights. Debt securities have no voting
rights, except to the extent required by law or as otherwise
provided in the Indenture relating to the acceleration of
maturity upon the occurrence and continuance of an event of
default. In connection with any other borrowings (if any), the
1940 Act does in certain circumstances grant to the lenders
certain voting rights in the event of default in the payment of
interest on or repayment of principal.
Market. Unless otherwise stated in a
prospectus supplement, our debt securities may be bought or sold
at an auction held periodically by submitting orders through a
broker-dealer who has entered into an agreement with us (a
broker-dealer). Our debt securities are not listed
on an exchange or automated quotation system. Debt securities
may be transferred outside of an auction through a
broker-dealer, but we cannot assure you that any such secondary
market will exist or whether it will provide holders of debt
securities with liquidity. The details of the auction process
are further described in the related prospectus supplement.
Book-Entry, Delivery and Form. Unless
otherwise stated in the related prospectus supplement, the debt
securities will be issued in book-entry form and will be
represented by one or more notes in registered global form. The
global notes will be deposited with the trustee as custodian for
The Depository Trust Company (DTC) and
registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of
DTC. DTC will maintain the notes in designated denominations
through its book-entry facilities.
Under the expected terms of the indenture, we and the trustee
may treat the persons in whose names any notes, including the
global notes, are registered as the owners thereof for the
purpose of receiving payments and for any and all other purposes
whatsoever. Therefore, so long as DTC or its nominee is the
registered owner of the global notes, DTC or such nominee will
be considered the sole holder of outstanding notes under the
indenture. We or the trustee may give effect to any written
certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by DTC or
its nominee.
A global note may not be transferred except as a whole by DTC,
its successors or their respective nominees. Interests of
beneficial owners in the global note may be transferred or
exchanged for definitive securities in accordance with the rules
and procedures of DTC. In addition, a global note may be
exchangeable for notes in definitive form if:
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DTC notifies us that it is unwilling or unable to continue as a
depository and we do not appoint a successor within 60 days;
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we, at our option, notify the trustee in writing that we elect
to cause the issuance of notes in definitive form under the
indenture; or
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an event of default has occurred and is continuing.
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In each instance, upon surrender by DTC or its nominee of the
global note, notes in definitive form will be issued to each
person that DTC or its nominee identifies as being the
beneficial owner of the related notes.
Under the expected terms of the indenture, the holder of any
global note may grant proxies and otherwise authorize any
person, including its participants and persons who may hold
interests through DTC participants, to take any action which a
holder is entitled to take under the indenture.
49
RATING
AGENCY GUIDELINES
The Rating Agencies, which assign ratings to our senior
securities, impose asset coverage requirements, which may limit
our ability to engage in certain types of transactions and may
limit our ability to take certain actions without confirming
that such action will not impair the ratings. The outstanding
preferred shares are currently rated AAA and
AAA by Moodys and S&P, respectively.
Moodys and S&P, and any other agency that may rate
our debt securities or preferred shares in the future, are
collectively referred to as the Rating Agencies.
We may, but are not required to, adopt any modification to the
guidelines that may hereafter be established by any Rating
Agency. Failure to adopt any modifications, however, may result
in a change in the ratings described above or a withdrawal of
ratings altogether. In addition, any Rating Agency may, at any
time, change or withdraw any rating. The Board may, without
shareholder approval, modify, alter or repeal certain of the
definitions and related provisions which have been adopted
pursuant to each Rating Agencys guidelines (Rating
Agency Guidelines) only in the event we receive written
confirmation from the Rating Agency or Agencies that any
amendment, alteration or repeal would not impair the ratings
then assigned to the senior securities.
We are required to satisfy two separate asset maintenance
requirements with respect to outstanding debt securities and
with respect to preferred shares: (1) we must maintain
assets in our portfolio that have a value, discounted in
accordance with guidelines set forth by each Rating Agency, at
least equal to 115% of the aggregate principal
amount/liquidation preference of the debt securities/preferred
stock, respectively, plus specified liabilities, payment
obligations and other amounts (the Basic Maintenance
Amount); and (2) we must satisfy the 1940 Act asset
coverage requirements.
Basic Maintenance Amounts. We must maintain,
as of each valuation date on which senior securities are
outstanding, eligible assets having an aggregate discounted
value at least equal to 115% of the applicable basic maintenance
amount (Basic Maintenance Amount), which is
calculated separately for debt securities and preferred shares
for each Rating Agency that is then rating the senior securities
and so requires. If we fail to maintain eligible assets having
an aggregated discounted value at least equal to 115% of the
applicable Basic Maintenance Amount as of any valuation date and
such failure is not cured, we will be required in certain
circumstances to redeem certain of the senior securities.
The applicable Basic Maintenance Amount is defined in the Rating
Agencys Guidelines. Each Rating Agency may amend the
definition of the applicable Basic Maintenance Amount from time
to time.
The market value of our portfolio securities (used in
calculating the discounted value of eligible assets) is
calculated using readily available market quotations when
appropriate, and in any event, consistent with our valuation
procedures. For the purpose of calculating the applicable Basic
Maintenance Amount, portfolio securities are valued in the same
manner as we calculate our NAV. See Determination of Net
Asset Value.
Each Rating Agencys discount factors, the criteria used to
determine whether the assets held in our portfolio are eligible
assets, and the guidelines for determining the discounted value
of our portfolio holdings for purposes of determining compliance
with the applicable Basic Maintenance Amount are based on Rating
Agency Guidelines established in connection with rating the
senior securities. The discount factor relating to any asset,
the applicable basic maintenance amount requirement, the assets
eligible for inclusion in the calculation of the discounted
value of our portfolio and certain definitions and methods of
calculation relating thereto may be changed from time to time by
the applicable Rating Agency, without our approval, or the
approval of our Board of Trustees or shareholders.
A Rating Agencys Guidelines will apply to the senior
securities only so long as that Rating Agency is rating such
securities. We will pay certain fees to Moodys, S&P
and any other Rating Agency that may provide a rating for the
senior securities. The ratings assigned to the senior securities
are not recommendations to buy, sell or hold the senior
securities. Such ratings may be subject to revision or
withdrawal by the assigning Rating Agency at any time.
1940 Act Asset Coverage. We are also required
to maintain, with respect to senior securities, as of the last
business day on any month in which any senior securities are
outstanding, asset coverage of at least 300% for debt securities
and 200% for preferred stock (or such other percentage as may in
the future be specified in or under the 1940 Act as the minimum
asset coverage for senior securities representing shares of a
closed-end investment company as a condition of declaring
dividends on its common stock). If we fail to maintain the
applicable 1940 Act
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asset coverage as of the last business day of any month and such
failure is not cured as of the last business day of the
following month (the Asset Coverage Cure Date), we
will be required to redeem certain senior securities.
Notices. Under the current Rating Agency
Guidelines, in certain circumstances, we are required to deliver
to any Rating Agency which is then rating the senior securities
(1) a certificate with respect to the calculation of the
applicable Basic Maintenance Amount; (2) a certificate with
respect to the calculation of the applicable 1940 Act asset
coverage and the value of our portfolio holdings; and (3) a
letter prepared by our independent accountants regarding the
accuracy of such calculations.
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Rating
Agency Guidelines, as they may be amended from time to time by
each Rating Agency will be reflected in a written document and
may be amended by each Rating Agency without the vote, consent
or approval of the Fund, the Board of Trustees or any
shareholder of the Fund.
A copy of the current Rating Agency Guidelines will be provided
to any holder of senior securities promptly upon request made by
such holder to the Fund by writing the Fund at 2020 Calamos
Court, Naperville, Illinois 60563.
51
CERTAIN
PROVISIONS OF THE AGREEMENT
AND DECLARATION OF TRUST AND BYLAWS
The Funds Agreement and Declaration of Trust includes
provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of
other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund or to
change the composition of its Board of Trustees and could have
the effect of depriving shareholders of an opportunity to sell
their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by
discouraging a third party from seeking to obtain control of the
Fund. These provisions, however, have the advantage of
potentially requiring persons seeking control of the Fund to
negotiate with its management regarding the price to be paid and
facilitating the continuity of the Funds investment
objective and policies. The Board of Trustees of the Fund has
considered these provisions and concluded that they are in the
best interests of the Fund.
The Board of Trustees is divided into three classes. The terms
of the Trustees of the different classes are staggered. A
Trustee may be removed from office with or without cause by a
vote of at least a majority of the then Trustees if such removal
is approved by the holders of at least 75% of the shares
entitled to vote with respect to the election of such Trustee
and present in person or by proxy at a meeting of shareholders
called for such purpose.
In addition, the Agreement and Declaration of Trust requires the
affirmative vote of at least 75% of the outstanding shares
entitled to vote on the matter for the Trust to merge or
consolidate with any other corporation, association, trust or
other organization or to sell, lease or exchange all or
substantially all of the Funds assets; unless such action
has been approved by the affirmative vote of at least 75% of the
Trustees then in office, in which case, the affirmative vote of
a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the
matter is required.
In addition, conversion of the Fund to an open-end investment
company would require an amendment to the Funds Agreement
and Declaration of Trust. Such an amendment would require the
favorable vote of a majority of the then Trustees followed by a
favorable vote of the holders of at least 75% of the shares
entitled to vote on the matter, voting as separate classes or
series (or a majority of such shares if the amendment was
previously approved by 75% of the Trustees). Such a vote also
would satisfy a separate requirement in the 1940 Act that the
change be approved by the shareholders.
Under the 1940 Act, shareholders of an open-end investment
company may require the company to redeem their shares of common
stock at any time (except in certain circumstances as authorized
by or under the 1940 Act) at their net asset value, less such
redemption charge, if any, as might be in effect at the time of
a redemption. If the Fund is converted to an open-end investment
company, it could be required to liquidate portfolio securities
to meet requests for redemption, and the common shares would no
longer be listed on the NYSE. Conversion to an open-end
investment company would also require changes in certain of the
Funds investment policies and restrictions. In addition,
the Fund would be required to redeem all of its outstanding
preferred shares prior to conversion to an open-end investment
company.
In addition, the Agreement and Declaration of Trust requires the
affirmative vote or consent of a majority of the then Trustees
followed by the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of at
least 75% of the shares of each affected class or series of the
Fund outstanding, voting separately as a class or series, to
approve certain transactions with a Principal Shareholder,
unless the transaction has been approved by at least 75% of the
Trustees, in which case a majority of the outstanding shares
entitled to vote shall be required. For purposes of these
provisions, a Principal Shareholder refers to any person who,
whether directly or indirectly and whether alone or together
with its affiliates and associates, beneficially owns 5% or more
of the outstanding shares of any class or series of shares of
beneficial interest of the Fund. The 5% holder transactions
subject to these special approval requirements are:
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the merger or consolidation of the Fund or any subsidiary of the
Fund with or into any Principal Shareholder;
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the issuance of any securities of the Fund to any Principal
Shareholder for cash (other than pursuant to any automatic
dividend reinvestment plan); or
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the sale, lease or exchange to the Fund or any subsidiary of the
Fund in exchange for securities of the Fund, of any assets of
any Principal Shareholder, except assets having an aggregate
fair market value of less than $1,000,000, aggregating for the
purpose of such computation all assets sold, leased or exchanged
in any series of similar transactions within a
12-month
period.
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The Fund may be terminated by the affirmative vote of not less
than 75% of the Trustees then in office by written notice to the
shareholders.
The Agreement and Declaration of Trust and Bylaws provide that
the Board of Trustees has the power, to the exclusion of
shareholders, to make, alter or repeal any of the Bylaws, except
for any Bylaw that requires a vote of the shareholders to be
amended, adopted or repealed by the terms of the Agreement and
Declaration of Trust, Bylaws or applicable law. Neither this
provision of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, nor any of
the foregoing provisions thereof requiring the affirmative vote
of 75% of outstanding shares of the Fund, can be amended or
repealed except by the vote of such required number of shares.
With respect to proposals by shareholders submitted outside the
process of
Rule 14a-8
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
Exchange Act), the Funds Bylaws generally
require that advance notice be given to the Fund in the event a
shareholder desires to nominate a person for election to the
Board of Trustees or to transact any other business at an annual
meeting of shareholders. With respect to an annual meeting
following the first annual meeting of shareholders, notice of
any such nomination or business must be delivered to the
principal executive offices of the Fund not less than 90
calendar days nor more than 120 calendar days prior to the
anniversary date of the mailing of the notice for the prior
years annual meeting (subject to certain exceptions). Any
notice by a shareholder must be accompanied by certain
information as provided in the Bylaws, including information
regarding the shares held by the shareholder and information
regarding the candidates background and qualifications to
serve as trustee.
PLAN OF
DISTRIBUTION
We may sell our common shares, preferred shares and debt
securities, and certain of our shareholders may sell our common
shares, on an immediate, continuous or delayed basis, in one or
more offerings under this prospectus and any related prospectus
supplement. The aggregate amount of securities that may be
offered by us is limited to $350 million. We may offer our
common shares, preferred shares and debt securities:
(1) directly to one or more purchasers; (2) through
agents; (3) through underwriters; or (4) through
dealers. Each prospectus supplement relating to an offering of
securities will state the terms of the offering, including as
applicable:
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the names of any agents, underwriters or dealers;
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any sales loads or other items constituting underwriters
compensation;
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any discounts, commissions, or fees allowed or paid to dealers
or agents;
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the public offering or purchase price of the offered securities
and the net proceeds we will receive from the sale; provided,
however, that we will not receive any of the proceeds from a
sale of our common stock by any selling shareholder; and
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any securities exchange on which the offered securities may be
listed.
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Direct
Sales
We may sell our common shares, preferred shares and debt
securities, or certain of our shareholders may sell our common
shares, directly to, and solicit offers from, institutional
investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters as
defined in the 1933 Act for any resales of the securities.
In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved. We,
or any selling shareholder, may use electronic media, including
the Internet, to sell offered securities directly. The terms of
any of those sales will be described in a prospectus supplement.
By
Agents
We may offer our common shares, preferred shares and debt
securities through agents that we or they designate. Any agent
involved in the offer and sale will be named and any commissions
payable by us will be described in the prospectus supplement.
Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, the
agents will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of
their appointment.
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By
Underwriters
We may offer and sell securities from time to time to one or
more underwriters who would purchase the securities as principal
for resale to the public, either on a firm commitment or best
efforts basis. If we sell securities to underwriters, we will
execute an underwriting agreement with them at the time of the
sale and will name them in the prospectus supplement. In
connection with these sales, the underwriters may be deemed to
have received compensation from us in the form of underwriting
discounts and commissions. The underwriters also may receive
commissions from purchasers of securities for whom they may act
as agent. Unless otherwise stated in the prospectus supplement,
the underwriters will not be obligated to purchase the
securities unless the conditions set forth in the underwriting
agreement are satisfied, and if the underwriters purchase any of
the securities, they will be required to purchase all of the
offered securities. The underwriters may sell the offered
securities to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive
discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters as
well as from the purchasers for whom they may act as agent. Any
public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed
or reallowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.
If a prospectus supplement so indicates, we may grant the
underwriters an option to purchase additional shares of common
stock at the public offering price, less the underwriting
discounts and commissions, within 45 days from the date of
the prospectus supplement, to cover any overallotments.
By
Dealers
We may offer and sell securities from time to time to one or
more dealers who would purchase the securities as principal. The
dealers then may resell the offered securities to the public at
fixed or varying prices to be determined by those dealers at the
time of resale. The names of the dealers and the terms of the
transaction will be set forth in the prospectus supplement.
General
Information
Agents, underwriters, or dealers participating in an offering of
securities may be deemed to be underwriters, and any discounts
and commission received by them and any profit realized by them
on resale of the offered securities for whom they act as agent
may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under
the 1933 Act.
We may offer to sell securities either at a fixed price or at
prices that may vary, at market prices prevailing at the time of
sale, at prices related to prevailing market prices, or at
negotiated prices.
Ordinarily, each series of offered securities will be a new
issue of securities and will have no established trading market.
To facilitate an offering of common stock in an underwritten
transaction and in accordance with industry practice, the
underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize,
maintain, or otherwise affect the market price of the common
stock or any other security. Those transactions may include
overallotment, entering stabilizing bids, effecting syndicate
covering transactions, and reclaiming selling concessions
allowed to an underwriter or a dealer.
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An overallotment in connection with an offering creates a short
position in the common stock for the underwriters own
account.
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An underwriter may place a stabilizing bid to purchase the
common stock for the purpose of pegging, fixing, or maintaining
the price of the common stock.
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Underwriters may engage in syndicate covering transactions to
cover overallotments or to stabilize the price of the common
stock by bidding for, and purchasing, the common stock or any
other securities in the open market in order to reduce a short
position created in connection with the offering.
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The managing underwriter may impose a penalty bid on a syndicate
member to reclaim a selling concession in connection with an
offering when the common stock originally sold by the syndicate
member is purchased in syndicate covering transactions or
otherwise.
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54
Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market
price of the securities above independent market levels. The
underwriters are not required to engage in these activities, and
may end any of these activities at any time.
Any underwriters to whom the offered securities are sold for
offering and sale may make a market in the offered securities,
but the underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may
discontinue any market-making at any time without notice. The
offered securities may or may not be listed on a securities
exchange. We cannot assure you that there will be a liquid
trading market for the offered securities.
Under agreements entered into with us, underwriters and agents
may be entitled to indemnification by us against certain civil
liabilities, including liabilities under the 1933 Act, or
to contribution for payments the underwriters or agents may be
required to make.
The underwriters, agents, and their affiliates may engage in
financial or other business transactions with us and our
subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business.
The maximum commission or discount to be received by any member
of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or
independent broker-dealer will not be greater than eight percent
of the initial gross proceeds from the sale of any security
being sold.
The aggregate offering price specified on the cover of this
prospectus relates to the offering of the securities not yet
issued as of the date of this prospectus.
To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act and the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder, the underwriters may from
time to time act as a broker or dealer and receive fees in
connection with the execution of our portfolio transactions
after the underwriters have ceased to be underwriters and,
subject to certain restrictions, each may act as a broker while
it is an underwriter.
A prospectus and accompanying prospectus supplement in
electronic form may be made available on the websites maintained
by underwriters. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number
of securities for sale to their online brokerage account
holders. Such allocations of securities for internet
distributions will be made on the same basis as other
allocations. In addition, securities may be sold by the
underwriters to securities dealers who resell securities to
online brokerage account holders.
CUSTODIAN,
TRANSFER AGENT, DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT AND
REGISTRAR
The Funds securities and cash are held under a custodian
agreement with The Bank of New York, One Wall Street, New York,
New York 10286. The transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent
and registrar for the Funds shares is also The Bank of New
York.
LEGAL
MATTERS
Vedder Price P.C. (Vedder Price), Chicago, Illinois,
is serving as our special counsel in connection with the
offerings under this prospectus and related prospectus
supplements. Vedder Price is also counsel to Calamos. Morris,
Nichols, Arsht & Tunnell, Wilmington, Delaware
(Morris Nichols) will pass on the legality of the
securities to be offered hereby. If certain legal matters in
connection with an offering of securities are passed upon by
counsel for the underwriters of such offering, such matters will
be passed upon by counsel to be identified in a prospectus
supplement. Vedder Price and counsel to the underwriters may
rely on the opinion of Morris Nichols for certain matters of
Delaware law.
55
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange
Act and the 1940 Act and are required to file reports, including
annual and semi-annual reports, proxy statements and other
information with the Commission. Our most recent shareholder
report filed with the Commission is for the period ended
October 31, 2007. These documents are available on the
Commissions EDGAR system and can be inspected and copied
for a fee at the Commissions public reference room,
Washington, D.C.
20549-0102.
Additional information about the operation of the public
reference room facilities may be obtained by calling the
Commission at
(202) 551-8090.
This prospectus does not contain all of the information in our
registration statement, including amendments, exhibits, and
schedules. Statements in this prospectus about the contents of
any contract or other document are not necessarily complete and
in each instance reference is made to the copy of the contract
or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration
statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects
by this reference.
Additional information about us can be found in our registration
statement (including amendments, exhibits, and schedules) on
Form N-2
filed with the Commission. The Commission maintains a web site
(http://www.sec.gov)
that contains our registration statement, other documents
incorporated by reference, and other information we have filed
electronically with the Commission, including proxy statements
and reports filed under the Exchange Act.
56
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
OF THE STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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Use of Proceeds
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S-2
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Investment Objective and Policies
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Investment Restrictions
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S-22
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Management of the Fund
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Portfolio Transactions
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Net Asset Value
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Repurchase of Common Shares
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Federal Income Tax Matters
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S-39
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Custodian, Transfer Agent, Dividend Disbursing Agent and
Registrar
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Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
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Additional Information
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Additional Information Concerning the Agreement and Declaration
of Trust
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S-50
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Financial Statements and Report of Independent
Auditors/Accountants
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F-1
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Appendix A Form of Calamos Strategic Total Return
Fund Statement of Preferences of Auction Rate Cumulative
Preferred Shares
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A-1
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Appendix B Description of Ratings
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B-1
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57
8,000,000
Common Shares
Calamos Strategic Total Return
Fund
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
September 3, 2008
Until September 28, 2008 (25 days after the date of
this prospectus supplement), all dealers that buy, sell or trade
the common shares, whether or not participating in this
offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in
addition to the dealers obligation to deliver a prospectus
when acting as underwriters.
CALAMOS STRATEGIC TOTAL RETURN FUND
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Calamos Strategic Total Return Fund (the Fund) is a diversified, closed-end management
investment company. This Statement of Additional Information relates to the offering, on an
immediate, continuous or delayed basis, of up to $350,000,000 aggregate initial offering price of
common shares, preferred shares and debt securities in one or more offerings. This Statement of
Additional Information does not constitute a prospectus, but should be read in conjunction with the
prospectus relating thereto dated March 11, 2008 and any related prospectus supplement.
This Statement of Additional Information does not include all information that a prospective
investor should consider before purchasing any of the Funds securities, and investors should
obtain and read the prospectus and any related prospectus supplement prior to purchasing such
securities. A copy of the prospectus and any related prospectus supplement may be obtained without
charge by calling 1-800-582-6959. You may also obtain a copy of the prospectus and any related
prospectus supplement on the Securities and Exchange Commissions web site (http://www.sec.gov).
Capitalized terms used but not defined in this Statement of Additional Information have the same
meanings ascribed to them in the prospectus and any related prospectus supplement.
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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Use of Proceeds |
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S-2 |
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Investment Objective and Policies |
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Investment Restrictions |
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Management of the Fund |
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Portfolio Transactions |
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Net Asset Value |
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Repurchase of Common Shares |
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Federal Income Tax Matters |
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Custodian, Transfer Agent, Dividend Disbursing Agent and Registrar |
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Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
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Additional Information |
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Additional Information Concerning the Agreement and Declaration of Trust |
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Financial Statements and Report of Independent Auditors/Accountants |
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Appendix A Form of Calamos Strategic Total Return Fund Statement of Preferences of Auction Rate Cumulative Preferred Shares |
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Appendix B Description of Ratings |
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This
Statement of Additional Information is dated March 11, 2008.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The Fund will invest the net proceeds of the offering in accordance with the Funds investment
objective and policies as stated below and in the prospectus. It is presently anticipated that the
Fund will invest substantially all of the net proceeds in securities that meet the investment
objective and policies within three months after completion of the offering. Pending such
investment,
we anticipate that we will invest the proceeds in securities issued by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalitics or in high quality,
short-term or long-term debt obligations.
If necessary, the Fund may also purchase, as temporary
investments, securities of other open- or closed-end investment companies that invest primarily in
the types of securities in which the Fund may invest directly.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
The prospectus presents the investment objective and the principal investment strategies and
risks of the Fund. This section supplements the disclosure in the Funds prospectus and provides
additional information on the Funds investment policies or restrictions. Restrictions or policies
stated as a maximum percentage of the Funds assets are only applied immediately after a portfolio
investment to which the policy or restriction is applicable (other than the limitations on
borrowing). Accordingly, any later increase or decrease resulting from a change in values, managed
assets or other circumstances will not be considered in determining whether the investment complies
with the Funds restrictions and policies.
Primary Investments
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest primarily in common and preferred stock,
convertible securities and income producing securities such as investment grade and below
investment grade debt securities. The Fund, under normal circumstances, will invest at least 50%
of its managed assets in equity securities (including securities that are convertible into equity
securities). The Fund may invest up to 35% of its managed assets in securities of foreign issuers,
including debt and equity securities of corporate issuers and debt securities of government issuers
in developed and emerging markets. The Fund may invest up to 15% of its managed assets in
securities of foreign issuers in emerging markets. Managed assets means the total assets of the
Fund (including any assets attributable to any leverage that may be outstanding) minus the sum of
accrued liabilities (other than debt representing financial leverage). For this purpose, the
liquidation preference on the preferred shares will not constitute a liability.
Calamos will dynamically allocate the Funds investments among multiple asset classes, seeking
to obtain an appropriate balance of risk and reward through all market cycles using multiple
strategies and combining them to seek to achieve favorable risk adjusted returns.
Calamos analyzes securities for the Funds portfolio using an approach that focuses on
assessing a total enterprise value before assessing the value of the securities issued by a
company. Calamos seeks to assess the value of an issuers total enterprise by studying its
financial statements, including its balance sheet. Once enterprise value is determined, Calamos
seeks to assess the value of the issuers different types of securities, taking into account the
business risk of the issuer, its competitive position and the seniority of each type of security
relative to the rest of the issuers capital structure. This approach serves as the basis for the
Calamos research teams design and use of proprietary models which, along with risk management and
portfolio construction techniques, assist in determining whether a given security presents an
investment opportunity for the Fund.
S-2
Equity Securities
Equity securities include common and preferred stocks, warrants, rights, and depository
receipts. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 50% of its managed assets in
equity securities (including securities that are convertible into equity securities). An
investment in the equity securities of a company represents a proportionate ownership interest in
that company. Therefore, the Fund participates in the financial success or failure of any company
in which it has a equity interest. Equity investments are subject to greater fluctuations in
market value than other asset classes as a result of such factors as a companys business
performance, investor perceptions, stock market trends and general economic conditions. Equity
securities are subordinated to bonds and other debt instruments in a companys capital structure in
terms of priority to corporate income and liquidation payments.
Preferred stocks involve credit risk, which is the risk that a preferred stock in the Funds
portfolio will decline in price or fail to make dividend payments when due because the issuer of
the security experiences a decline in its financial status. In addition to credit risk,
investments in preferred stocks involve certain other risks. Certain preferred stocks contain
provisions that allow an issuer under certain circumstances to skip distributions (in the case of
non-cumulative preferred stocks) or defer distributions (in the case of cumulative preferred
stocks). If the Fund owns a preferred stock that is deferring its distributions, the Fund may be
required to report income for tax purposes while it is not receiving income from that stock. In
certain varying circumstances, an issuer may redeem its preferred stock prior to a specified date
in the event of certain tax or legal changes or at the issuers call. In the event of a
redemption, the Fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds at comparable rates of return.
Preferred stocks typically do not provide any voting rights, except incases when dividends are in
arrears for a specified number of periods.
Equity securities of small company and mid cap companies historically have been subject to
greater investment risk than those of large companies. The risks generally associated with small
and medium-sized companies include more limited product lines, markets and financial resources,
lack of management depth or experience, dependency on key personnel and vulnerability to adverse
market and economic developments. Accordingly, the prices of small and medium-sized company equity
securities tend to be more volatile than prices of large company stocks. Further, the prices of
small and medium-sized company equity securities are often adversely affected by limited trading
volumes and the lack of publicly available information.
High Yield Securities
The high yield securities in which the Fund invests are rated Ba or lower by Moodys or BB or
lower by Standard & Poors or are unrated but determined by Calamos to be of comparable quality.
Non-convertible debt securities rated below investment grade are commonly referred to as junk
bonds and are considered speculative with respect to the issuers capacity to pay interest and
repay principal.
Below investment grade non-convertible debt securities or comparable unrated securities are
commonly referred to as junk bonds and are considered predominantly speculative with respect to
the issuers ability to pay interest and principal and susceptible to default or decline in market
value due to adverse economic and business developments. The market values for high yield
securities tend to be very volatile, and these securities are less liquid than investment grade
debt securities. For these reasons, your investment in the Fund is subject to the following
specific risks:
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increased price sensitivity to changing interest rates and to a deteriorating
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S-3
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greater risk of loss due to default or declining credit quality; |
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adverse company specific events are more likely to render the issuer unable to make
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if a negative perception of the high yield market develops, the price and liquidity
of high yield securities may be depressed. This negative perception could last for a
significant period of time. |
Securities rated below investment grade are speculative with respect to the capacity to pay
interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of such securities. A rating of C from
Moodys means that the issue so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever
attaining any real investment standing. Standard & Poors assigns a rating of C to issues that are
currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the C rating may be used to cover a situation where
a bankruptcy petition has been filed or similar action taken, but payments on the obligation are
being continued (a C rating is also assigned to a preferred stock issue in arrears on dividends or
sinking fund payments, but that is currently paying). See Appendix C to this Statement of
Additional Information for a description of Moodys and Standard & Poors ratings.
Adverse changes in economic conditions are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of a
high yield issuer to make principal payments and interest payments than an investment grade issuer.
The principal amount of high yield securities outstanding has proliferated in the past decade as
an increasing number of issuers have used high yield securities for corporate financing. An
economic downturn could severely affect the ability of highly leveraged issuers to service their
debt obligations or to repay their obligations upon maturity. Similarly, down-turns in
profitability in specific industries could adversely affect the ability of high yield issuers in
that industry to meet their obligations. The market values of lower quality debt securities tend
to reflect individual developments of the issuer to a greater extent than do higher quality
securities, which react primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. Factors
having an adverse impact on the market value of lower quality securities may have an adverse effect
on the Funds net asset value and the market value of its common shares. In addition, the Fund may
incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in payment
of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. In certain circumstances, the Fund may be
required to foreclose on an issuers assets and take possession of its property or operations. In
such circumstances, the Fund would incur additional costs in disposing of such assets and potential
liabilities from operating any business acquired.
The secondary market for high yield securities may not be as liquid as the secondary market
for more highly rated securities, a factor which may have an adverse effect on the Funds ability
to dispose of a particular security when necessary to meet its liquidity needs. There are fewer
dealers in the market for high yield securities than investment grade obligations. The prices
quoted by different dealers may vary significantly and the spread between the bid and asked price
is generally much larger than higher quality instruments. Under adverse market or economic
conditions, the secondary market for high yield securities could contract further, independent of
any specific adverse changes in the condition of a particular issuer, and these instruments may
become illiquid. As a result, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell these securities or
may be able to sell the securities only at prices lower than if such securities were widely traded.
Prices realized upon the sale of such lower rated or unrated securities, under these
circumstances, may be less than the prices used in calculating the Funds net asset value.
Because investors generally perceive that there are greater risks associated with lower
quality debt securities of the type in which the Fund may invest a portion of its assets, the
yields and prices of
S-4
such securities may tend to fluctuate more than those for higher rated securities. In the
lower quality segments of the debt securities market, changes in perceptions of issuers
creditworthiness tend to occur more frequently and in a more pronounced manner than do changes in
higher quality segments of the debt securities market, resulting in greater yield and price
volatility.
If the Fund invests in high yield securities that are rated C or below, the Fund will incur
significant risk in addition to the risks associated with investments in high yield securities and
corporate loans. Distressed securities frequently do not produce income while they are
outstanding. The Fund may purchase distressed securities that are in default or the issuers of
which are in bankruptcy. The Fund may be required to bear certain extraordinary expenses in order
to protect and recover its investment.
Distressed Securities
The Fund may, but currently does not intend to, invest up to 5% of its total assets in
distressed securities, including corporate loans, which are the subject of bankruptcy proceedings
or otherwise in default as to the repayment of principal and/or payment of interest at the time of
acquisition by the Fund or are rated in the lower rating categories (Ca or lower by Moodys or CC
or lower by Standard & Poors) or which are unrated investments considered by Calamos to be of
comparable quality. Investment in distressed securities is speculative and involves significant
risk. Distressed securities frequently do not produce income while they are outstanding and may
require the Fund to bear certain extraordinary expenses in order to protect and recover its
investment. Therefore, to the extent the Fund seeks capital appreciation through investment in
distressed securities, the Funds ability to achieve current income for its shareholders may be
diminished. The Fund also will be subject to significant uncertainty as to when and in what manner
and for what value the obligations evidenced by the distressed securities will eventually be
satisfied (e.g., through a liquidation of the obligors assets, an exchange offer or plan of
reorganization involving the distressed securities or a payment of some amount in satisfaction of
the obligation). In addition, even if an exchange offer is made or a plan of reorganization is
adopted with respect to distressed securities held by the Fund, there can be no assurance that the
securities or other assets received by the Fund in connection with such exchange offer or plan of
reorganization will not have a lower value or income potential than may have been anticipated when
the investment was made. Moreover, any securities received by the Fund upon completion of an
exchange offer or plan of reorganization may be restricted as to resale. As a result of the Funds
participation in negotiations with respect to any exchange offer or plan of reorganization with
respect to an issuer of distressed securities, the Fund may be restricted from disposing of such
securities.
Loans
The Fund may invest up to 5% of its total assets in loan participations and other direct
claims against a borrower. The corporate loans in which the Fund invests primarily consist of
direct obligations of a borrower and may include debtor in possession financings pursuant to
Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, obligations of a borrower issued in connection with a
restructuring pursuant to Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, leveraged buy-out loans,
leveraged recapitalization loans, receivables purchase facilities, and privately placed notes. The
Fund may invest in a corporate loan at origination as a co-lender or by acquiring in the secondary
market participations in, assignments of or novations of a corporate loan. By purchasing a
participation, the Fund acquires some or all of the interest of a bank or other lending institution
in a loan to a corporate or government borrower. The participations typically will result in the
Fund having a contractual relationship only with the lender not the borrower. The Fund will have
the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from
the lender selling the participation and only upon receipt by the lender of the payments from the
borrower. Many such loans are secured, although some may be unsecured. Such loans may be in
default at the time
S-5
of purchase. Loans that are fully secured offer the Fund more protection than an unsecured
loan in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. However, there is no
assurance that the liquidation of collateral from a secured loan would satisfy the corporate
borrowers obligation, or that the collateral can be liquidated. Direct debt instruments may
involve a risk of loss in case of default or insolvency of the borrower and may offer less legal
protection to the Fund in the event of fraud or misrepresentation. In addition, loan
participations involve a risk of insolvency of the lending bank or other financial intermediary.
The markets in loans are not regulated by federal securities laws or the Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC or the Commission).
As in the case of other high yield investments, such corporate loans may be rated in the lower
rating categories of the established rating services (Ba or lower by Moodys or BB or lower by
Standard & Poors), or may be unrated investments considered by Calamos to be of comparable
quality. As in the case of other high yield investments, such corporate loans can be expected to
provide higher yields than lower yielding, higher rated fixed income securities, but may be subject
to greater risk of loss of principal and income. There are, however, some significant differences
between corporate loans and high yield bonds. Corporate loan obligations are frequently secured by
pledges of liens and security interests in the assets of the borrower, and the holders of corporate
loans are frequently the beneficiaries of debt service subordination provisions imposed on the
borrowers bondholders. These arrangements are designed to give corporate loan investors
preferential treatment over high yield investors in the event of a deterioration in the credit
quality of the issuer. Even when these arrangements exist, however, there can be no assurance that
the borrowers of the corporate loans will repay principal and/or pay interest in full. Corporate
loans generally bear interest at rates set at a margin above a generally recognized base lending
rate that may fluctuate on a day-to-day basis, in the case of the prime rate of a U.S. bank, or
which may be adjusted on set dates, typically 30 days but generally not more than one year, in the
case of the London Interbank Offered Rate. Consequently, the value of corporate loans held by the
Fund may be expected to fluctuate significantly less than the value of other fixed rate high yield
instruments as a result of changes in the interest rate environment. On the other hand, the
secondary dealer market for certain corporate loans may not be as well developed as the secondary
dealer market for high yield bonds, and therefore presents increased market risk relating to
liquidity and pricing concerns.
Foreign Securities
The Fund may invest up to 35% of its managed assets in securities of foreign issuers. The
Fund may invest up to 15% of its managed assets in securities of foreign issuers in emerging
markets. A foreign issuer is a foreign government or corporation organized under the laws of a
foreign country. For these purposes, foreign securities do not include American Depositary
Receipts (ADRs) or securities guaranteed by a United States person, but may include foreign
securities in the form of European Depositary Receipts (EDRs), Global Depositary Receipts
(GDRs) or other securities representing underlying shares of foreign issuers. Positions in those
securities are not necessarily denominated in the same currency as the common stocks into which
they may be converted. ADRs are receipts typically issued by an American bank or trust company
evidencing ownership of the underlying securities. EDRs are European receipts listed on the
Luxembourg Stock Exchange evidencing a similar arrangement. GDRs are U.S. dollar-denominated
receipts evidencing ownership of foreign securities. Generally, ADRs, in registered form, are
designed for the U.S. securities markets and EDRs and GDRs, in bearer form, are designed for use in
foreign securities markets. The Fund may invest in sponsored or unsponsored ADRs. In the case of
an unsponsored ADR, the Fund is likely to bear its proportionate share of the expenses of the
depository and it may have greater difficulty in receiving shareholder communications than it would
have with a sponsored ADR.
S-6
To the extent positions in portfolio securities are denominated in foreign currencies, the
Funds investment performance is affected by the strength or weakness of the U.S. dollar against
those currencies. For example, if the dollar falls in value relative to the Japanese yen, the
dollar value of a Japanese stock held in the portfolio will rise even though the price of the stock
remains unchanged. Conversely, if the dollar rises in value relative to the yen, the dollar value
of the Japanese stock will fall. (See discussion of transaction hedging and portfolio hedging
below under Currency Exchange Transactions.)
Investors should understand and consider carefully the risks involved in foreign investing.
Investing in foreign securities, which are generally denominated in foreign currencies, and
utilization of forward foreign currency exchange contracts involve certain considerations
comprising both risks and opportunities not typically associated with investing in U.S. securities.
These considerations include: fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign currencies; possible
imposition of exchange control regulation or currency restrictions that would prevent cash from
being brought back to the United States less public information with respect to issuers of
securities; less governmental supervision of stock exchanges, securities brokers, and issuers of
securities; lack of uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards; lack of uniform
settlement periods and trading practices; less liquidity and frequently greater price volatility in
foreign markets than in the United States; possible imposition of non - U.S. withholding or other taxes; and sometimes less
advantageous legal, operational and financial protections applicable to foreign sub-custodial
arrangements.
Although the Fund intends to invest primarily in companies and government securities of
countries having stable political environments, there is the possibility of expropriation or
confiscatory taxation, seizure or nationalization of foreign bank deposits or other assets,
establishment of exchange controls, the adoption of foreign government restrictions, or other
adverse political, social or diplomatic developments that could affect investment in these nations.
The Fund may invest in the securities of issuers located in emerging market countries. The
securities markets of emerging countries are substantially smaller, less developed, less liquid and
more volatile than the securities markets of the U.S. and other more developed countries.
Disclosure and regulatory standards in many respects are less stringent than in the U.S. and other
major markets. There also may be a lower level of monitoring and regulation of emerging markets
and the activities of investors in such markets, and enforcement of existing regulations has been
extremely limited. Economies in individual emerging markets may differ favorably or unfavorably
from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rates of inflation,
currency depreciation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments
positions. Many emerging market countries have experienced high rates of inflation for many years,
which has had and may continue to have very negative effects on the economies and securities
markets of those countries.
Currency Exchange Transactions
Currency exchange transactions may be conducted either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the
spot rate for purchasing or selling currency prevailing in the foreign exchange market or through
forward currency exchange contracts (forward contracts). Forward contracts are contractual
agreements to purchase or sell a specified currency at a specified future date (or within a
specified time period) and price set at the time of the contract. Forward contracts are usually
entered into with banks, foreign exchange dealers and broker-dealers, are not exchange traded, and
are usually for less than one year, but may be renewed.
Forward currency exchange transactions may involve currencies of the different countries in
which the Fund may invest and serve as hedges against possible variations in the exchange rate
between
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these currencies and the U.S. dollar. Currency exchange transactions are limited to
transaction hedging and portfolio hedging involving either specific transactions or portfolio
positions, except to the extent described below under Synthetic Foreign Money Market Positions.
Transaction hedging is the purchase or sale of forward contracts with respect to specific
receivables or payables of the Fund accruing in connection with the purchase and sale of its
portfolio securities or the receipt of dividends or interest thereon. Portfolio hedging is the use
of forward contracts with respect to portfolio security positions denominated or quoted in a
particular foreign currency. Portfolio hedging allows the Fund to limit or reduce its exposure in
a foreign currency by entering into a forward contract to sell such foreign currency (or another
foreign currency that acts as a proxy for that currency) at a future date for a price payable in
U.S. dollars so that the value of the foreign denominated portfolio securities can be approximately
matched by a foreign denominated liability. The Fund may not engage in portfolio hedging with
respect to the currency of a particular country to an extent greater than the aggregate market
value (at the time of making such sale) of the securities held in its portfolio denominated or
quoted in that particular currency, except that the Fund may hedge all or part of its foreign
currency exposure through the use of a basket of currencies or a proxy currency where such
currencies or currency act as an effective proxy for other currencies. In such a case, the Fund
may enter into a forward contract where the amount of the foreign currency to be sold exceeds the
value of the securities denominated in such currency. The use of this basket hedging technique may
be more efficient and economical than entering into separate forward contracts for each currency
held in the Fund. The Fund may not engage in speculative currency exchange transactions.
If the Fund enters into a forward contract, the Funds custodian will segregate liquid assets
of the Fund having a value equal to the Funds commitment under such forward contract. At the
maturity of the forward contract to deliver a particular currency, the Fund may either sell the
portfolio security related to the contract and make delivery of the currency, or it may retain the
security and either acquire the currency on the spot market or terminate its contractual obligation
to deliver the currency by purchasing an offsetting contract with the same currency trader
obligating it to purchase on the same maturity date the same amount of the currency. It is
impossible to forecast with absolute precision the market value of portfolio securities at the
expiration of a forward contract. Accordingly, it may be necessary for the Fund to purchase
additional currency on the spot market (and bear the expense of such purchase) if the market value
of the security is less than the amount of currency the Fund is obligated to deliver and if a
decision is made to sell the security and make delivery of the currency. Conversely, it may be
necessary to sell on the spot market some of the currency received upon the sale of the portfolio
security if its market value exceeds the amount of currency the Fund is obligated to deliver.
If the Fund retains the portfolio security and engages in an offsetting transaction, the Fund
will incur a gain or a loss to the extent that there has been movement in forward contract prices.
If the Fund engages in an offsetting transaction, it may subsequently enter into a new forward
contract to sell the currency. Should forward prices decline during the period between the Funds
entering into a forward contract for the sale of a currency and the date it enters into an
offsetting contract for the purchase of the currency, the Fund will realize a gain to the extent
the price of the currency it has agreed to sell exceeds the price of the currency it has agreed to
purchase. Should forward prices increase, the Fund will suffer a loss to the extent the price of
the currency it has agreed to purchase exceeds the price of the currency it has agreed to sell. A
default on the contract would deprive the Fund of unrealized profits or force the Fund to cover its
commitments for purchase or sale of currency, if any, at the current market price.
Hedging against a decline in the value of a currency does not eliminate fluctuations in the
value of a portfolio security traded in that currency or prevent a loss if the value of the
security declines. Hedging transactions also preclude the opportunity for gain if the value of the
hedged currency should rise. Moreover, it may not be possible for the Fund to hedge against a
devaluation that is so generally
S-8
anticipated that the Fund is not able to contract to sell the currency at a price above the
devaluation level it anticipates. The cost to the Fund of engaging in currency exchange
transactions varies with such factors as the currency involved, the length of the contract period,
and prevailing market conditions.
Synthetic Foreign Money Market Positions
The Fund may invest in money market instruments denominated in foreign currencies. In
addition to, or in lieu of, such direct investment, the Fund may construct a synthetic foreign
money market position by (a) purchasing a money market instrument denominated in one currency,
generally U.S. dollars, and (b) concurrently entering into a forward contract to deliver a
corresponding amount of that currency in exchange for a different currency on a future date and at
a specified rate of exchange. For example, a synthetic money market position in Japanese yen could
be constructed by purchasing a U.S. dollar money market instrument, and entering concurrently into
a forward contract to deliver a corresponding amount of U.S. dollars in exchange for Japanese yen
on a specified date and at a specified rate of exchange. Because of the availability of a variety
of highly liquid short-term U.S. dollar money market instruments, a synthetic money market position
utilizing such U.S. dollar instruments may offer greater liquidity than direct investment in
foreign currency and a concurrent construction of a synthetic position in such foreign currency, in
terms of both income yield and gain or loss from changes in currency exchange rates, in general
should be similar, but would not be identical because the components of the alternative investments
would not be identical. The Fund currently does not intend to invest a
significant amount of its assets in synthetic foreign money market
positions.
Debt Obligations of Non-U.S. Governments
An investment in debt obligations of non-U.S. governments and their political subdivisions
(sovereign debt) involves special risks that are not present in corporate debt obligations. The
non-U.S. issuer of the sovereign debt or the non-U.S. governmental authorities that control the
repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, and the
Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default. During periods of economic uncertainty,
the market prices of sovereign debt may be more volatile than prices of debt obligations of U.S.
issuers. In the past, certain non-U.S. countries have encountered difficulties in servicing their
debt obligations, withheld payments of principal and interest and declared moratoria on the payment
of principal and interest on their sovereign debt.
A sovereign debtors willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely
manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign
currency reserves, the availability of sufficient non-U.S. currency, the relative size of the debt
service burden, the sovereign debtors policy toward its principal international lenders and local
political constraints. Sovereign debtors may also be dependent on expected disbursements from
non-U.S. governments, multilateral agencies and other entities to reduce principal and interest
arrearages on their debt. The failure of a sovereign debtor to implement economic reforms, achieve
specified levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the
cancellation of third-party commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further
impair such debtors ability or willingness to service its debts.
Eurodollar Instruments And Samurai And Yankee Bonds
The Fund may invest in Eurodollar instruments and Samurai and Yankee bonds. Eurodollar
instruments are bonds of corporate and government issuers that pay interest and principal in U.S.
dollars but are issued in markets outside the United States, primarily in Europe. Samurai bonds
are yen-denominated bonds sold in Japan by non-Japanese issuers. Yankee bonds are U.S.
dollar-denominated bonds typically issued in the U.S. by non-U.S. governments and their agencies
and non-U.S. banks and corporations. The Fund may also invest in Eurodollar Certificates of
Deposit (ECDs), Eurodollar Time
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Deposits (ETDs) and Yankee Certificates of Deposit (Yankee CDs). ECDs are U.S.
dollar-denominated certificates of deposit issued by non-U.S. branches of domestic banks; ETDs are
U.S. dollar-denominated deposits in a non-U.S. branch of a U.S. bank or in a non-U.S. bank; and
Yankee CDs are U.S. dollar-denominated certificates of deposit issued by a U.S. branch of a
non-U.S. bank and held in the U.S. These investments involve risks that are different from
investments in securities issued by U.S. issuers, including potential unfavorable political and
economic developments, non-U.S. withholding or other taxes, seizure of non-U.S. deposits, currency
controls, interest limitations or other governmental restrictions which might affect payment of
principal or interest.
Convertible Securities
Convertible securities include any corporate debt security or preferred stock that may be
converted into underlying shares of common stock. The common stock underlying convertible
securities may be issued by a different entity than the issuer of the convertible securities.
Convertible securities entitle the holder to receive interest payments paid on corporate debt
securities or the dividend preference on a preferred stock until such time as the convertible
security matures or is redeemed or until the holder elects to exercise the conversion privilege.
As a result of the conversion feature, however, the interest rate or dividend preference on a
convertible security is generally less than would be the case if the securities were issued in
non-convertible form.
The value of convertible securities is influenced by both the yield of non-convertible
securities of comparable issuers and by the value of the underlying common stock. The value of a
convertible security viewed without regard to its conversion feature (i.e., strictly on the basis
of its yield) is sometimes referred to as its investment value. The investment value of the
convertible security typically will fluctuate inversely with changes in prevailing interest rates.
However, at the same time, the convertible security will be influenced by its conversion value,
which is the market value of the underlying common stock that would be obtained if the convertible
security were converted. Conversion value fluctuates directly with the price of the underlying
common stock.
If, because of a low price of the common stock, the conversion value is substantially below
the investment value of the convertible security, the price of the convertible security is governed
principally by its investment value. If the conversion value of a convertible security increases
to a point that approximates or exceeds its investment value, the value of the security will be
principally influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security will sell at a premium over
its conversion value to the extent investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying
common stock while holding a fixed income security. Holders of convertible securities have a claim
on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders, but may be subordinated to holders of
similar non-convertible securities of the same issuer.
Synthetic Convertible Securities
Calamos Advisors, LLC (Calamos) may create a synthetic convertible security by combining
fixed income securities with the right to acquire equity securities. More flexibility is possible
in the assembly of a synthetic convertible security than in the purchase of a convertible security.
Although synthetic convertible securities may be selected where the two components are issued by a
single issuer, thus making the synthetic convertible security similar to the true convertible
security, the character of a synthetic convertible security allows the combination of components
representing distinct issuers, when Calamos believes that such a combination would better promote
the Funds investment objective. A synthetic convertible security also is a more flexible
investment in that its two components may be purchased separately. For example, the Fund may
purchase a warrant for inclusion in a synthetic
S-10
convertible security but temporarily hold short-term investments while postponing the purchase
of a corresponding bond pending development of more favorable market conditions.
A holder of a synthetic convertible security faces the risk of a decline in the price of the
security or the level of the index involved in the convertible component, causing a decline in the
value of the call option or warrant purchased to create the synthetic convertible security. Should
the price of the stock fall below the exercise price and remain there throughout the exercise
period, the entire amount paid for the call option or warrant would be lost. Because a synthetic
convertible security includes the fixed-income component as well, the holder of a synthetic
convertible security also faces the risk that interest rates will rise, causing a decline in the
value of the fixed-income instrument.
The Fund may also purchase synthetic convertible securities manufactured by other parties,
including convertible structured notes. Convertible structured notes are fixed income debentures
linked to equity, and are typically issued by investment banks. Convertible structured notes have
the attributes of a convertible security; however, the investment bank that issued the convertible
note assumes the credit risk associated with the investment, rather than the issuer of the
underlying common stock into which the note is convertible.
Lending of Portfolio Securities
The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to broker-dealers and banks. Any such loan must be
continuously secured by collateral in cash or cash equivalents maintained on a current basis in an
amount at least equal to the market value of the securities loaned by the Fund. The Fund would
continue to receive the equivalent of the interest or dividends paid by the issuer on the
securities loaned, and would also receive an additional return that may be in the form of a fixed
fee or a percentage of the collateral. The Fund may pay reasonable fees to persons unaffiliated
with the Fund for services in arranging these loans. The Fund would have the right to call the
loan and obtain the securities loaned at any time on notice of not more than five business days.
The Fund would not have the right to vote the securities during the existence of the loan but would
call the loan to permit voting of the securities, if, in Calamos judgment, a material event
requiring a shareholder vote would otherwise occur before the loan was repaid. In the event of
bankruptcy or other default of the borrower, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating
the loan collateral or recovering the loaned securities and losses, including (a) possible decline
in the value of the collateral or in the value of the securities loaned during the period while the
Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto, (b) possible subnormal levels of income and lack of
access to income during this period, and (c) expenses of enforcing its rights.
Options on Securities, Indexes and Currencies
The Fund may purchase and sell put options and call options on securities, indexes or foreign
currencies. The Fund may purchase agreements, sometimes called cash puts, that may accompany the
purchase of a new issue of bonds from a dealer.
A put option gives the purchaser of the option, upon payment of a premium, the right to sell,
and the writer the obligation to buy, the underlying security, commodity, index, currency or other
instrument at the exercise price. For instance, the Funds purchase of a put option on a security
might be designed to protect its holdings in the underlying instrument (or, in some cases, a
similar instrument) against a substantial decline in the market value by giving the Fund the right
to sell such instrument at the option exercise price. A call option, upon payment of a premium,
gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and the seller the obligation to sell, the
underlying instrument at the exercise price. The Funds purchase of a call option on a security,
financial future, index, currency or other instrument might be
S-11
intended to protect the Fund against an increase in the price of the underlying instrument
that it intends to purchase in the future by fixing the price at which it may purchase such
instrument.
The Fund is authorized to purchase and sell exchange listed options and over-the-counter
options (OTC options). Exchange listed options are issued by a regulated intermediary such as
the Options Clearing Corporation (OCC), which guarantees the performance of the obligations of
the parties to such options. The discussion below uses the OCC as an example, but is also
applicable to other financial intermediaries.
With certain exceptions, OCC issued and exchange listed options generally settle by physical
delivery of the underlying security or currency, although in the future cash settlement may become
available. Index options and Eurodollar instruments are cash settled for the net amount, if any,
by which the option is in-the-money (i.e., where the value of the underlying instrument exceeds,
in the case of a call option, or is less than, in the case of a put option, the exercise price of
the option) at the time the option is exercised. Frequently, rather than taking or making delivery
of the underlying instrument through the process of exercising the option, listed options are
closed by entering into offsetting purchase or sale transactions that do not result in ownership of
the new option.
OTC options are purchased from or sold to securities dealers, financial institutions or other
parties (Counterparties) through direct bilateral agreement with the Counterparty. In contrast
to exchange listed options, which generally have standardized terms and performance mechanics, all
the terms of an OTC option, including such terms as method of settlement, term, exercise price,
premium, guarantees and security, are set by negotiation of the parties. The Fund may sell OTC
options (other than OTC currency options) that are subject to a buy-back provision permitting the
Fund to require the Counterparty to sell the option back to the Fund at a formula price within
seven days. The Fund expects generally to enter into OTC options that have cash settlement
provisions, although it is not required to do so. The staff of the SEC currently takes the
position that OTC options purchased by a fund, and portfolio securities covering the amount of a
funds obligation pursuant to an OTC option sold by it (or the amount of assets equal to the
formula price for the repurchase of the option, if any, less the amount by which the option is in
the money) are illiquid.
The Fund may also purchase and sell options on securities indices and other financial indices, which
may include purchasing and selling options on stocks, indices, rates, credit spreads or currencies. Options on securities indices and other financial indices are similar to options on a security or
other instrument except that, rather than settling by physical delivery of the underlying
instrument, they settle by cash settlement, i.e., an option or an index gives the holder the right
to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash if the closing level of the index upon
which the option is based exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a put,
the exercise price of the option (except if, in the case of an OTC option, physical delivery is
specified). This amount of cash is equal to the excess of the closing price of the index over the
exercise price of the option, which also may be multiplied by a formula value. The seller of the
option is obligated, in return for the premium received, to make delivery of this amount. The gain
or loss on an option on an index depends on price movements in the instruments making upon the
market, market segment industry or other composite on which the underlying index is based, rather
than price movements in individual securities, as is the case with respect to options on
securities.
The Fund will write call options and put options only if they are covered. For example, a
call option written by the Fund will require the Fund to hold the securities subject to the call
(or securities convertible into the needed securities without additional consideration) or to
segregate cash or liquid assets sufficient to purchase and deliver the securities if the call is
exercised. A call option sold by the Fund on an index will require the Fund to own portfolio
securities which correlate with the index or to segregate cash or liquid assets equal to the excess
of the index value over the exercise price on a current
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basis. A put option written by the Fund requires the Fund to segregate cash or liquid assets
equal to the exercise price.
OTC options entered into by the Fund and OCC issued and exchange listed index options will
generally provide for cash settlement. As a result, when the Fund sells these instruments it will
only segregate an amount of cash or liquid assets equal to its accrued net obligations, as there is
no requirement for payment or delivery of amounts in excess of the net amount. These amounts will
equal 100% of the exercise price in the case of a non cash-settled put, the same as an OCC
guaranteed listed option sold by the Fund, or the in-the-money amount plus any sell-back formula
amount in the case of a cash-settled put or call. In addition, when the Fund sells a call option
on an index at a time when the in-the-money amount exceeds the exercise price, the Fund will
segregate, until the option expires or is closed out, cash or cash equivalents equal in value to
such excess. OCC issued and exchange listed options sold by the Fund other than those above
generally settle with physical delivery, or with an election of either physical delivery or cash
settlement and the Fund will segregate an amount of cash or liquid assets equal to the full value
of the option. OTC options settling with physical delivery, or with an election of either physical
delivery or cash settlement, will be treated the same as other options settling with physical
delivery.
If an option written by the Fund expires, the Fund will generally realize a short-term capital
gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If an option purchased by
the Fund expires, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid, which may be
short-term or long-term depending on the Funds holding period for the option.
Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an option may be closed out by an offsetting
purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, underlying security or index,
exercise price and expiration). There can be no assurance, however, that a closing purchase or
sale transaction can be effected when the Fund desires.
The Fund will realize a short-term capital gain from a closing purchase transaction if the
cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is
more, the Fund will generally realize a short-term capital loss. If the premium received from a
closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will
realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss, which in each case
may be long-term or short-term depending on the Funds holding period for the option. The
principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand,
interest rates, the current market price of the underlying security or index in relation to the
exercise price of the option, the volatility of the underlying security or index, and the time
remaining until the expiration date.
A put or call option purchased by the Fund is an asset of the Fund, valued initially at the
premium paid for the option. The premium received for an option written by the Fund is recorded as
a deferred credit. The value of an option purchased or written is marked-to-market daily and is
valued at the closing price on the exchange on which it is traded or, if not traded on an exchange
or no closing price is available, at the mean between the last bid and asked prices.
Risks Associated with Options
There are several risks associated with transactions in options. For example, there are
significant differences between the securities markets, the currency markets and the options
markets that could result in an imperfect correlation among these markets, causing a given
transaction not to achieve its objectives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use options
involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived transaction may be
unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or
S-13
unexpected events. The ability of the Fund to utilize options successfully will depend on
Calamos ability to predict pertinent market investments, which cannot be assured.
The Funds ability to close out its position as a purchaser or seller of an OCC or exchange
listed put or call option is dependent, in part, upon the liquidity of the option market. Among
the possible reasons for the absence of a liquid option market on an exchange are:
(i) insufficient trading interest in certain options; (ii) restrictions on transactions imposed by
an exchange; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions imposed with respect to
particular classes or series of options or underlying securities including reaching daily price
limits; (iv) interruption of the normal operations of the OCC or an exchange; (v) inadequacy of the
facilities of an exchange or OCC to handle current trading volume; or (vi) a decision by one or
more exchanges to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options),
in which event the relevant market for that option on that exchange would cease to exist, although
outstanding options on that exchange would generally continue to be exercisable in accordance with
their terms. If the Fund were unable to close out an option that it has purchased on a security,
it would have to exercise the option in order to realize any profit or the option would expire and
become worthless. If the Fund were unable to close out a covered call option that it had written
on a security, it would not be able to sell the underlying security until the option expired. As
the writer of a covered call option on a security, the Fund foregoes, during the options life, the
opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the security covering the call option
above the sum of the premium and the exercise price of the call. As the writer of a covered call
option on a foreign currency, the Fund foregoes, during the options life, the opportunity to
profit from currency appreciation.
The hours of trading for listed options may not coincide with the hours during which the
underlying financial instruments are traded. To the extent that the option markets close before
the markets for the underlying financial instruments, significant price and rate movements can take
place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the option markets.
Unless the parties provide for it, there is no central clearing or guaranty function in an OTC
option. As a result, if the Counterparty (as described above under Options on Securities, Indexes
and Currencies) fails to make or take delivery of the security, currency or other instrument
underlying an OTC option it has entered into with the Fund or fails to make a cash settlement
payment due in accordance with the terms of that option, the Fund will lose any premium it paid for
the option as well as any anticipated benefit of the transaction. Accordingly, Calamos must assess
the creditworthiness of each such Counterparty or any guarantor or credit enhancement of the
Counterpartys credit to determine the likelihood that the terms of the OTC option will be
satisfied. The Fund will engage in OTC option transactions only with U.S. government securities
dealers recognized by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as primary dealers or broker/dealers,
domestic or foreign banks or other financial institutions which have received (or the guarantors of
the obligation of which have received) a short-term credit rating of A-1 from S&P or P-1 from
Moodys or an equivalent rating from any nationally recognized statistical rating organization
(NRSRO) or, in the case of OTC currency transactions, are determined to be of equivalent credit
quality by Calamos.
The Fund may purchase and sell call options on securities indices and currencies. All calls
sold by the Fund must be covered. Even though the Fund will receive the option premium to help
protect it against loss, a call sold by the Fund exposes the Fund during the term of the option to
possible loss of opportunity to realize appreciation in the market price of the underlying security
or instrument and may require the Fund to hold a security or instrument which it might otherwise
have sold. As described more fully in the accompanying prospectus, this results in the potential
for net asset value erosion. The Fund may purchase and sell put options on securities indices and
currencies. In selling put options, there is a
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risk that the Fund may be required to buy the underlying security at a disadvantageous price
above the market price.
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts
The Fund may use interest rate futures contracts, index futures contracts and foreign currency
futures contracts. An interest rate, index or foreign currency futures contract provides for the
future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified quantity of a financial
instrument or the cash value of an index1 at a specified price and time. A public
market exists in futures contracts covering a number of indexes (including, but not limited to: the
Standard & Poors 500 Index, the Russell 2000 Index, the Value Line Composite Index, and the New
York Stock Exchange Composite Index) as well as financial instruments (including, but not limited
to: U.S. Treasury bonds, U.S. Treasury notes, Eurodollar certificates of deposit and foreign
currencies). Other index and financial instrument futures contracts are available and it is
expected that additional futures contracts will be developed and traded.
The Fund may purchase and write call and put futures options. Futures options possess many of
the same characteristics as options on securities, indexes and foreign currencies (discussed
above). A futures option gives the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a
long position (call) or short position (put) in a futures contract at a specified exercise price at
any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of a call option, the holder acquires a
long position in the futures contract and the writer is assigned the opposite short position. In
the case of a put option, the opposite is true. The Fund might, for example, use futures contracts
to hedge against or gain exposure to fluctuations in the general level of stock prices, anticipated
changes in interest rates or currency fluctuations that might adversely affect either the value of
the Funds securities or the price of the securities that the Fund intends to purchase. Although
other techniques could be used to reduce or increase the Funds exposure to stock price, interest
rate and currency fluctuations, the Fund may be able to achieve its desired exposure more
effectively and perhaps at a lower cost by using futures contracts and futures options.
The Fund will only enter into futures contracts and futures options that are standardized and
traded on an exchange, board of trade or similar entity, or quoted on an automated quotation
system.
The
success of any futures transaction depends on Calamos correctly predicting
changes in the level and direction of stock prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and
other factors. Should those predictions be incorrect, the Funds return might have been better had
the transaction not been attempted; however, in the absence of the ability to use futures
contracts, Calamos might have taken portfolio actions in anticipation of the same
market movements with similar investment results, but, presumably, at greater transaction costs.
When a purchase or sale of a futures contract is made by the Fund, the Fund is required to deposit
with its custodian (or broker, if legally permitted) a specified amount of cash or U.S. government
securities or other securities acceptable to the broker (initial margin). The margin required
for a futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded and may be modified
during the term of the contract, although the Funds broker may require margin deposits in excess
of the minimum required by the exchange. The initial margin is in the nature of
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A futures contract on an index is an agreement pursuant
to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal
to the difference between the value of the index at the close of the last
trading day of the contract and the price at which the index contract was
originally written. Although the value of a securities index is a function of
the value of certain specified securities, no physical delivery of those
securities is made. |
S-15
a performance bond or good faith deposit on the futures contract, which is returned to the
Fund upon termination of the contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied.
The Fund expects to earn interest income on its initial margin deposits. A futures contract held
by the Fund is valued daily at the official settlement price of the exchange on which it is traded.
Each day the Fund pays or receives cash, called variation margin, equal to the daily change in
value of the futures contract. This process is known as marking-to-market. Variation margin
paid or received by the Fund does not represent a borrowing or loan by the Fund but is instead
settlement between the Fund and the broker of the amount one would owe the other if the futures
contract had expired at the close of the previous day. In computing net asset value, the Fund will
mark-to-market its open futures positions.
The Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options
on futures contracts written by it. Such margin deposits will vary depending on the nature of the
underlying futures contract (and the related initial margin requirements), the current market value
of the option and other futures positions held by the Fund.
Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying
securities, usually these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or
sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery
month). If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund engaging in
the transaction realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss.
Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund engaging
in the transaction realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss.
The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations.
Risks Associated with Futures
There are several risks associated with the use of futures contracts and futures options. A
purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in excess of the amount invested in the
futures contract. In trying to increase or reduce market exposure, there can be no guarantee that
there will be a correlation between price movements in the futures contract and in the portfolio
exposure sought. In addition, there are significant differences between the securities and futures
markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between the markets, causing a given
transaction not to achieve its objectives. The degree of imperfection of correlation depends on
circumstances such as: variations in speculative market demand for futures, futures options and the
related securities, including technical influences in futures and futures options trading and
differences between the securities markets and the securities underlying the standard contracts
available for trading. For example, in the case of index futures contracts, the composition of the
index, including the issuers and the weighing of each issue, may differ from the composition of the
Funds portfolio, and, in the case of interest rate futures contracts, the interest rate levels,
maturities and creditworthiness of the issues underlying the futures contract may differ from the
financial instruments held in the Funds portfolio. A decision as to whether, when and how to use
futures contracts involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived
transaction may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected stock price
or interest rate trends.
Futures exchanges may limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in certain futures contract
prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price
of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous days settlement price at the
end of the current trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a futures contract
subject to the limit, no more trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The
daily limit governs only price movements during a particular trading day and therefore does not
limit potential losses because the limit may work to prevent the liquidation of unfavorable
positions. For example, futures prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several
consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby
S-16
preventing prompt liquidation of positions and subjecting some holders of futures contracts to
substantial losses. Stock index futures contracts are not normally subject to such daily price
change limitations.
There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist at a time when the Fund seeks to
close out a futures or futures option position. The Fund would be exposed to possible loss on the
position during the interval of inability to close, and would continue to be required to meet
margin requirements until the position is closed. In addition, many of the contracts discussed
above are relatively new instruments without a significant trading history. As a result, there can
be no assurance that an active secondary market will develop or continue to exist.
Limitations on Options and Futures
If other options, futures contracts or futures options of types other than those described
herein are traded in the future, the Fund may also use those investment vehicles, provided the
Board of Trustees determines that their use is consistent with the Funds investment objective.
When purchasing a futures contract or writing a put option on a futures contract, the Fund
must maintain with its custodian (or broker, if legally permitted) cash or cash equivalents
(including any margin) equal to the market value of such contract. When writing a call option on a
futures contract, the Fund similarly will maintain with its custodian cash or cash equivalents
(including any margin) equal to the amount by which such option is in-the-money until the option
expires or is closed by the Fund.
The Fund may not maintain open short positions in futures contracts, call options written on
futures contracts or call options written on indexes if, in the aggregate, the market value of all
such open positions exceeds the current value of the securities in its portfolio, plus or minus
unrealized gains and losses on the open positions, adjusted for the historical relative volatility
of the relationship between the portfolio and the positions. For this purpose, to the extent the
Fund has written call options on specific securities in its portfolio, the value of those
securities will be deducted from the current market value of the securities portfolio.
The Fund has claimed an exclusion from registration as a commodity pool under the Commodity
Exchange Act (CEA) and, therefore, the Fund and its officers and trustees are not subject to the
registration requirements of the CEA. The Fund reserves the right to engage in transactions
involving futures and options thereon to the extent allowed by Commodity Futures Trading Commission
regulations in effect from time to time and in accordance with the Funds policies.
Warrants
The Fund may invest in warrants. A warrant is a right to purchase common stock at a specific
price (usually at a premium above the market value of the underlying common stock at time of
issuance) during a specified period of time. A warrant may have a life ranging from less than a
year to twenty years or longer, but a warrant becomes worthless unless it is exercised or sold
before expiration. In addition, if the market price of the common stock does not exceed the
warrants exercise price during the life of the warrant, the warrant will expire worthless.
Warrants have no voting rights, pay no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of
the corporation issuing them. The percentage increase or decrease in the value of a warrant may be
greater than the percentage increase or decrease in the value of the underlying common stock.
S-17
Portfolio Turnover
Although the Fund does not purchase securities with a view to rapid turnover, there are no
limitations on the length of time that portfolio securities must be held. Portfolio turnover can
occur for a number of reasons, including calls for redemption, general conditions in the securities
markets, more favorable investment opportunities in other securities, or other factors relating to
the desirability of holding or changing a portfolio investment. The portfolio turnover rates may
vary greatly from year to year. A high rate of portfolio turnover in the Fund would result in
increased transaction expense. High portfolio turnover may also result in the realization of
capital gains or losses and, to the extent net short-term capital gains are realized, any
distributions resulting from such gains will be taxed at ordinary income tax rates for federal
income tax purposes.
Short Sales
The Fund may attempt to hedge against market risk and to enhance income by selling short
against the box, that is: (1) entering into short sales of securities that it currently has the
right to acquire through the conversion or exchange of other securities that it owns, or to a
lesser extent, entering into short sales of securities that it currently owns; and (2) entering
into arrangements with the broker-dealers through which such securities are sold short to receive
income with respect to the proceeds of short sales during the period the Funds short positions
remain open. The Fund may make short sales of securities only if at all times when a short
position is open the Fund owns an equal amount of such securities or securities convertible into or
exchangeable for, without payment of any further consideration, securities of the same issue as,
and equal in amount to, the securities sold short.
In a short sale against the box, the Fund does not deliver from its portfolio the securities
sold and does not receive immediately the proceeds from the short sale. Instead, the Fund borrows
the securities sold short from a broker-dealer through which the short sale is executed, and the
broker-dealer delivers such securities, on behalf of the Fund, to the purchaser of such securities.
Such broker-dealer is entitled to retain the proceeds from the short sale until the Fund delivers
to such broker-dealer the securities sold short. In addition, the Fund is required to pay to the
broker-dealer the amount of any dividends paid on shares sold short. Finally, to secure its
obligation to deliver to such broker-dealer the securities sold short, the Fund must deposit and
continuously maintain in a separate account with the Funds custodian an equivalent amount of the
securities sold short or securities convertible into or exchangeable for such securities without
the payment of additional consideration. The Fund is said to have a short position in the
securities sold until it delivers to the broker-dealer the securities sold, at which time the Fund
receives the proceeds of the sale. Because the Fund ordinarily will want to continue to hold
securities in its portfolio that are sold short, the Fund will normally close out a short position
by purchasing on the open market and delivering to the broker-dealer an equal amount of the
securities sold short, rather than by delivering portfolio securities.
A short sale works the same way, except that the Fund places in the segregated account cash or
U.S. government securities equal in value to the difference between (i) the market value of the
securities sold short at the time they were sold short and (ii) any cash or U.S. government
securities required to be deposited with the broker as collateral. In addition, so long as the
short position is open, the Fund must adjust daily the value of the segregated account so that the
amount deposited in it, plus any amount deposited with the broker as collateral, will equal the
current market value of the security sold short. However, the value of the segregated account may
not be reduced below the point at which the segregated account, plus any amount deposited with the
broker, is equal to the market value of the securities sold short at the time they were sold short.
S-18
Short sales may protect the Fund against the risk of losses in the value of its portfolio
securities because any unrealized losses with respect to such portfolio securities should be wholly
or partially offset by a corresponding gain in the short position. However, any potential gains in
such portfolio securities should be wholly or partially offset by a corresponding loss in the short
position. The extent to which such gains or losses are offset will depend upon the amount of
securities sold short relative to the amount the Fund owns, either directly or indirectly, and, in
the case where the Fund owns convertible securities, changes in the conversion premium.
Short sale transactions of the Fund involve certain risks. In particular, the imperfect
correlation between the price movements of the convertible securities and the price movements of
the underlying common stock being sold short creates the possibility that losses on the short sale
hedge position may be greater than gains in the value of the portfolio securities being hedged. In
addition, to the extent that the Fund pays a conversion premium for a convertible security, the
Fund is generally unable to protect against a loss of such premium pursuant to a short sale hedge.
In determining the number of shares to be sold short against the Funds position in the convertible
securities, the anticipated fluctuation in the conversion premiums is considered. The Fund will
also incur transaction costs in connection with short sales. Certain provisions of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code) (and related
Treasury Regulations thereunder), may
limit the degree to which the Fund is able to enter into short sales and other transactions with
similar effects without triggering adverse tax consequences, which limitations might impair the
Funds ability to achieve its investment objective. See Federal Income Tax Matters.
In addition to enabling the Fund to hedge against market risk, short sales may afford the Fund
an opportunity to earn additional current income to the extent the Fund is able to enter into
arrangements with broker-dealers through which the short sales are executed to receive income with
respect to the proceeds of the short sales during the period the Funds short positions remain
open.
Interest Rate Transactions
In order to seek to reduce the interest rate risk inherent in the Funds underlying
investments and capital structure, the Fund, if market conditions are deemed favorable, may enter
into interest rate swap or cap transactions to attempt to protect itself from increasing dividend
or interest expenses on its leverage. Interest rate swaps involve the Funds agreement with the
swap counterparty to pay a fixed rate payment in exchange for the counterparty agreeing to pay the
Fund a payment at a variable rate that is expected to approximate the rate on any variable rate
payment obligation on the Funds leverage. The payment obligations would be based on the notional
amount of the swap. The Fund may use an interest rate cap, which would require it to pay a premium
to the cap counterparty and would entitle it, to the extent that a specified variable rate index
exceeds a predetermined fixed rate, to receive from the counterparty payment of the difference
based on the notional amount. The Fund would use interest rate swaps or caps only with the intent
to reduce or eliminate the risk that an increase in short-term interest rates could have on common
share net earnings as a result of leverage.
The Fund will usually enter into swaps or caps on a net basis; that is, the two payment
streams will be netted out in a cash settlement on the payment date or dates specified in the
instrument, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two
payments. The Fund intends to maintain in a segregated account with its custodian cash or liquid
securities having a value at least equal to the Funds net payment obligations under any swap
transaction, marked-to-market daily.
The use of interest rate swaps and caps is a highly specialized activity that involves
investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security
transactions. Depending on the state of interest rates in general, the Funds use of interest rate
swaps or caps could enhance or harm the overall performance on the common shares. To the extent
there is a decline in
S-19
interest rates, the value of the interest rate swap or cap could decline, and could result in
a decline in the net asset value of the common shares. In addition, if short-term interest rates
are lower than the Funds fixed rate of payment on the interest rate swap, the swap will reduce
common share net earnings. If, on the other hand, short-term interest rates are higher than the
fixed rate of payment on the interest rate swap, the swap will enhance common share net earnings.
Buying interest rate caps could enhance the performance of the common shares by providing a maximum
leverage expense. Buying interest rate caps could also decrease the net earnings of the common
shares in the event that the premium paid by the Fund to the counterparty exceeds the additional
amount the Fund would have been required to pay had it not entered into the cap agreement. The
Fund has no current intention of selling an interest rate swap or cap.
Interest rate swaps and caps do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying
assets or principal. Accordingly, the risk of loss with respect to interest rate swaps is limited
to the net amount of interest payments that the Fund is contractually obligated to make. If the
counterparty defaults, the Fund would not be able to use the anticipated net receipts under the
swap or cap to offset the dividend or interest payments on the Funds leverage. Depending on
whether the Fund would be entitled to receive net payments from the counterparty on the swap or
cap, which in turn would depend on the general state of short-term interest rates at that point in
time, such a default could negatively impact the performance of the common shares.
Although this will not guarantee that the counterparty does not default, the Fund will not
enter into an interest rate swap or cap transaction with any counter-party that Calamos believes
does not have the financial resources to honor its obligation under the interest rate swap or cap
transaction. Further, Calamos will continually monitor the financial stability of a counterparty
to an interest rate swap or cap transaction in an effort to proactively protect the Funds
investments.
In addition, at the time the interest rate swap or cap transaction reaches its scheduled
termination date, there is a risk that the Fund would not be able to obtain a replacement
transaction or that the terms of the replacement would not be as favorable as on the expiring
transaction. If this occurs, it could have a negative impact on the performance of the Funds
common shares.
The Fund may choose or be required to redeem some or all of the preferred shares or prepay any
borrowings. Such redemption or prepayment would likely result in the Fund seeking to terminate
early all or a portion of any swap or cap transaction. Such early termination of a swap could
result in termination payment by or to the Fund. An early termination of a cap could result in a
termination payment to the Fund.
When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities and Reverse Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis. Although the
payment and interest terms of these securities are established at the time the Fund enters into the
commitment, the securities may be delivered and paid for a month or more after the date of
purchase, when their value may have changed. The Fund makes such commitments only with the
intention of actually acquiring the securities, but may sell the securities before settlement date
if Calamos deems it advisable for investment reasons. The Fund may utilize spot and forward
foreign currency exchange transactions to reduce the risk inherent in fluctuations in the exchange
rate between one currency and another when securities are purchased or sold on a when-issued or
delayed-delivery basis.
The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements with banks and securities dealers. A
reverse repurchase agreement is a repurchase agreement in which the Fund is the seller of, rather
than the investor in, securities and agrees to repurchase them at an agreed-upon time and price.
Use of a reverse
S-20
repurchase agreement may be preferable to a regular sale and later repurchase of securities
because it avoids certain market risks and transaction costs.
At the time when the Fund enters into a binding obligation to purchase securities on a
when-issued basis or enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, liquid securities (cash, U.S.
Government securities or other high-grade debt obligations) of the Fund having a value at least
as great as the purchase price of the securities to be purchased will be segregated on the books of
the Fund and held by the custodian throughout the period of the obligation. The use of these
investment strategies may increase net asset value fluctuation.
Illiquid Securities
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its managed assets in securities that, at the time of
investment, are illiquid (determined using the Commissions standard applicable to investment
companies, i.e., securities that cannot be disposed of within 7 days in the ordinary course of
business at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the securities). The Fund may
invest without limitation in securities that have not been registered for public sale, but that are
eligible for purchase and sale by certain qualified institutional buyers. Calamos, under the
supervision of the Board of Trustees, will determine whether securities purchased under Rule 144A
are illiquid (that is, not readily marketable) and thus subject to the Funds limit on investing no
more than 15% of its managed assets in illiquid securities. Investments in Rule 144A Securities
could have the effect of increasing the amount of the Funds assets invested in illiquid securities
if qualified institutional buyers are unwilling to purchase these Rule 144A Securities. Illiquid
securities may be difficult to dispose of at a fair price at the times when the Fund believes it is
desirable to do so. The market price of illiquid securities generally is more volatile than that
of more liquid securities, which may adversely affect the price that the Fund pays for or recovers
upon the sale of illiquid securities. Illiquid securities are also more difficult to value and
Calamos judgment may play a greater role in the valuation process. Investment of the Funds
assets in illiquid securities may restrict the Funds ability to take advantage of market
opportunities. The risks associated with illiquid securities may be particularly acute in
situations in which the Funds operations require cash and could result in the Fund borrowing to
meet its short-term needs or incurring losses on the sale of illiquid securities.
The Fund may invest in bonds, corporate loans, convertible securities, preferred stocks and
other securities that lack a secondary trading market or are otherwise considered illiquid.
Liquidity of a security relates to the ability to easily dispose of the security and the price to
be obtained upon disposition of the security, which may be less than would be obtained for a
comparable more liquid security. Such investments may affect the Funds ability to realize the net
asset value in the event of a voluntary or involuntary liquidation of its assets.
Temporary Defensive Investments
The Fund may make temporary investments without limitation when Calamos determines that a
defensive position is warranted in securities with remaining maturities of less than one year, cash equivalents or cash. Such investments may be in money market instruments, consisting
of obligations of, or guaranteed as to principal and interest by, the U.S. Government or its
agencies or instrumentalities; certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and other obligations
of domestic banks having total assets of at least $500 million and that are regulated by the U.S.
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities; commercial paper rated in the highest category by a
recognized rating agency; and repurchase agreements.
S-21
Repurchase Agreements
As part of its strategy for the temporary investment of cash, the Fund may enter into
repurchase agreements with member banks of the Federal Reserve System or primary dealers (as
designated by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York) in such securities. A repurchase agreement
arises when the Fund purchases a security and simultaneously agrees to resell it to the vendor at
an agreed upon future date. The resale price is greater than the purchase price, reflecting an
agreed upon market rate of return that is effective for the period of time the Fund holds the
security and that is not related to the coupon rate on the purchased security. Such agreements
generally have maturities of no more than seven days and could be used to permit the Fund to earn
interest on assets awaiting long-term investment. The Fund requires continuous maintenance by the
custodian for the Funds account in the Federal Reserve/Treasury Book Entry System of collateral in
an amount equal to, or in excess of, the market value of the securities that are the subject of a
repurchase agreement. Repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days are considered
illiquid securities. In the event of a bankruptcy or other default of a seller of a repurchase
agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying security and losses,
including: (a) possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period while the
Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto; (b) possible subnormal levels of income and lack of
access to income during this period; and (c) expenses of enforcing its rights.
Real Estate Investment Funds (REITs) and Associated Risk Factors
REITs are pooled investment vehicles which invest primarily in income producing real estate or
real estate related loans or interests. REITs are generally classified as equity REITs, mortgage
REITs or a combination of equity and mortgage REITs. Equity REITs invest the majority of their
assets directly in real property and derive income primarily from the collection of rents. Equity
REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value.
Mortgage REITs invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive income from
the collection of interest payments. REITs are not subject to federal
income tax on income and gains distributed to shareholders
provided they comply with the applicable requirements of the Code. The Fund will indirectly bear
its proportionate share of any management and other expenses paid by REITs in which it invests in
addition to the expenses paid by the Fund. Debt securities issued by REITs are, for the most part,
general and unsecured obligations and are subject to risks associated with REITs.
Investing in REITs involves certain unique risks in addition to those risks associated with
investing in the real estate industry in general. An equity REIT may be affected by changes in the
value of the underlying properties owned by the REIT. A mortgage REIT may be affected by changes
in interest rates and the ability of the issuers of its portfolio mortgages to repay their
obligations. REITs are dependent upon the skills of their managers and are not diversified. REITs
are generally dependent upon maintaining cash flows to repay borrowings and to make distributions
to shareholders and are subject to the risk of default by lessees or borrowers. REITs whose
underlying assets are concentrated in properties used by a particular industry, such as health
care, are also subject to risks associated with such industry.
REITs (especially mortgage REITs) are also subject to interest rate risks. When interest
rates decline, the value of a REITs investment in fixed rate obligations can be expected to rise.
Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a REITs investment in fixed rate obligations
can be expected to decline. If the REIT invests in adjustable rate mortgage loans the interest
rates on which are reset periodically, yields on a REITs investments in such loans will gradually
align themselves to reflect changes in market interest rates. This causes the value of such
investments to fluctuate less dramatically in response to interest rate fluctuations than would
investments in fixed rate obligations.
S-22
REITs may have limited financial resources, may trade less frequently and in a limited volume
and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than larger company securities.
Historically REITs have been more volatile in price than the larger capitalization stocks included
in Standard & Poors 500 Stock Index.
Other Investment Companies
The Fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies to the extent that such
investments are consistent with the Funds investment objective and policies and permissible under
the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act). Under the 1940 Act, the Fund may
not acquire the securities of other domestic or non-U.S. investment companies if, as a result,
(i) more than 10% of the Funds total assets would be invested in securities of other investment
companies, (ii) such purchase would result in more than 3% of the total outstanding voting
securities of any one investment company being held by the Fund, or (iii) more than 5% of the
Funds total assets would be invested in any one investment company. These limitations do not
apply to the purchase of shares of money market funds or any investment company in connection with
a merger, consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of substantially all the assets of another
investment company.
The Fund, as a holder of the securities of other investment companies, will bear its pro rata
portion of the other investment companies expenses, including advisory fees. These expenses are
in addition to the direct expenses of the Funds own operations.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The following are the Funds fundamental investment restrictions. These restrictions may not
be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Funds outstanding voting
securities (which for this purpose and under the 1940 Act means the lesser of (i) 67% of the common
shares represented at a meeting at which more than 50% of the outstanding common shares are
represented or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding common shares). As long as preferred shares
are outstanding, the investment restrictions can not be changed without the approval of a majority
of the outstanding common and preferred shares, voting together as a class, and the approval of a
majority of the outstanding preferred shares, voting separately by class.
The Fund may not:
|
(1) |
|
Issue senior securities, except as permitted by the 1940 Act
and the rules and interpretive positions of the Commission thereunder. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Borrow money, except as permitted by the 1940 Act and the rules
and interpretive positions of the Commission thereunder. |
|
|
(3) |
|
Invest in real estate, except that the Fund may invest in
securities of issuers that invest in real estate or interests therein,
securities that are secured by real estate or interests therein, securities of
real estate investment funds and mortgage-backed securities. |
|
|
(4) |
|
Make loans, except by the purchase of debt obligations, by
entering into repurchase agreements or through the lending of portfolio
securities and as otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act and the rules and
interpretive positions of the Commission thereunder. |
S-23
|
(5) |
|
Invest in physical commodities or contracts relating to
physical commodities. |
|
|
(6) |
|
Act as an underwriter, except as it may be deemed to be an
underwriter in a sale of securities held in its portfolio. |
|
|
(7) |
|
Make any investment inconsistent with the Funds classification
as a diversified investment company under the 1940 Act and the rules and
interpretive positions of the Commission thereunder. |
|
|
(8) |
|
Concentrate its investments in securities of companies in any
particular industry as defined in the 1940 Act and the rules and interpretive
positions of the Commission thereunder. |
All other investment policies of the Fund are considered non-fundamental and may be changed by
the Board of Trustees without prior approval of the Funds outstanding voting shares.
Currently under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted to issue preferred shares unless
immediately after such issuance the net asset value of the Funds portfolio is at least 200% of the
liquidation value of the outstanding preferred shares (i.e., such liquidation value may not exceed
50% of the value of the Funds total assets). In addition, currently under the 1940 Act, the Fund
is not permitted to declare any cash dividend or other distribution on its common shares unless, at
the time of such declaration, the net asset value of the Funds portfolio (determined after
deducting the amount of such dividend or distribution) is at least 200% of such liquidation value
plus any senior securities representing indebtedness. Currently under the 1940 Act, the Fund is
not permitted to incur indebtedness unless immediately after such borrowing the Fund has asset
coverage of at least 300% of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of indebtedness (i.e.,
such indebtedness may not exceed 33 1/3% of the value of the Funds total assets). Additionally,
currently under the 1940 Act, the Fund may not declare any dividend or other distribution upon any
class of its shares, or purchase any such shares, unless the aggregate indebtedness of the Fund
has, at the time of the declaration of any such dividend or distribution or at the time of any such
purchase, an asset coverage of at least 300% after deducting the amount of such dividend,
distribution, or purchase price, as the case may be.
Currently under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted to lend money or property to any
person, directly or indirectly, if such person controls or is under common control with the Fund,
except for a loan from the Fund to a company which owns all of the outstanding securities of the
Fund, except directors qualifying shares.
Currently, under interpretive positions of the SEC, the Fund may not have on loan at any time
securities representing more than one third of its total assets.
Currently under the 1940 Act, a senior security does not include any promissory note or
evidence of indebtedness where such loan is for temporary purposes only and in an amount not
exceeding 5% of the value of the total assets of the issuer at the time the loan is made. A loan
is presumed to be for temporary purposes if it is repaid within sixty days and is not extended or
renewed.
Currently, the Fund would be deemed to concentrate in a particular industry if it invested
25% or more of its total assets in that industry.
Currently under the 1940 Act, a diversified company means a management company which meets
the following requirements: at least 75% of the value of its total assets is represented by cash
and cash items (including receivables), government securities, securities of other investment
companies, and
S-24
other securities for the purposes of this calculation limited in respect of any one issuer to
an amount not greater in value than 5% of the value of the total assets of such management company
and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.
Under the 1940 Act, the Fund may invest up to 10% of its total assets in the aggregate in
shares of other investment companies and up to 5% of its total assets in any one investment
company, provided the investment does not represent more than 3% of the voting stock of the
acquired investment company at the time such shares are purchased. These limitations, however, do
not apply to the purchase of shares of money market funds. As a shareholder in any investment
company, the Fund will bear its ratable share of that investment companys expenses, and would
remain subject to payment of the Funds advisory fees and other expenses with respect to assets so
invested. Holders of common shares would therefore be subject to duplicative expenses to the
extent the Fund invests in other investment companies. In addition, the securities of other
investment companies may also be leveraged and will therefore be subject to the same leverage risks
described herein and in the prospectus. As described in the prospectus in the section entitled
Risks, the net asset value and market value of leveraged shares will be more volatile and the
yield to shareholders will tend to fluctuate more than the yield generated by unleveraged shares.
In addition, to comply with federal income tax requirements for qualification as a regulated
investment company, the Funds investments will be limited by both an income and an asset test.
See Federal Income Tax Matters.
As a non-fundamental policy, the Fund may not issue preferred shares, borrow money or issue
debt securities in an aggregate amount exceeding 38% of the Funds total assets.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Trustees and Officers
The Funds Board of Trustees provides broad oversight over the Funds affairs. The officers
of the Fund are responsible for the Funds operations. The Funds Trustees and officers are listed
below, together with their age, positions held with the Fund, term of office and length of service
and principal occupations during the past five years. Asterisks indicates those Trustees who are
interested persons of the Fund within the meaning of the 1940 Act, and they are referred to as
Interested Trustees. Trustees who are not interested persons of the Fund are referred to as
Independent Trustees. Each of the Trustees serves as a Trustee of other investment companies
(17 U. S. registered investment portfolios) for which Calamos serves as investment adviser
(collectively, the Calamos Funds). The address for all Independent and Interested Trustees and
all officers of the Fund is 2020 Calamos Court, Naperville, Illinois 60563.
Trustees Who Are Interested Persons of the Fund:
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Position(s) with |
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|
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Principal Occupation(s) and Other |
Name and Age |
|
Fund |
|
Portfolios Overseen |
|
Directorships |
John P. Calamos, Sr., 67* |
|
Trustee and President |
|
|
19 |
|
|
Chairman, CEO, and Co-Chief
Investment Officer, Calamos
Asset Management, Inc. (CAM),
Calamos Holdings LLC (CHLLC)
and Calamos Advisors LLC and its
predecessor (Calamos
Advisors), and President and
Co-Chief Investment Officer,
Calamos Financial Services LLC
and its predecessor (CFS);
Director, CAM |
S-25
Trustees Who Are Not Interested Persons of the Fund:
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|
|
Position(s) with |
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|
|
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) and Other |
Name and Age |
|
Fund |
|
Portfolios Overseen |
|
Directorships |
Joe F. Hanauer, 70 |
|
Trustee (since inception) |
|
|
19 |
|
|
Private investor; Director, MAF
Bancorp (bank holding company);
Chairman and Director, Move,
Inc. (internet provider of real
estate information and
products); Director, Combined
Investments, L.P. (investment
management) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weston W. Marsh, 57 |
|
Trustee (since inception) |
|
|
19 |
|
|
Of Counsel, Partner, Freeborn &
Peters (law firm) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John E. Neal, 57 |
|
Trustee (since inception) |
|
|
19 |
|
|
Private investor; Managing
Director, Banc One Capital
Markets, Inc. (investment
banking) (2000-2004); Director,
Focused Health Services (private
disease management company),
Equity Residential
(publicly-owned REIT), Ranir LLC
(oral products company) and CBA
Commercial (commercial mortgage
securitization company);
Partner, Private Perfumery LLC
(private label perfume company)
and Linden LLC (health care
private equity) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
William R. Rybak, 56 |
|
Trustee (since inception) |
|
|
19 |
|
|
Private investor; formerly
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer, Van
Kampen Investments, Inc. and
subsidiaries (investment
manager); Director, Howe Barnes
Hoefer Arnett, Inc. (investment
services firm) and
PrivateBancorp, Inc. (bank
holding company); Trustee, JNL
Series Trust, JNL Investors
Series Trust, JNL Variable Fund
LLC and JNLNY Variable Fund I
LLC** |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stephen B. Timbers, 63 |
|
Trustee (since inception) |
|
|
19 |
|
|
Private investor; formerly Vice
Chairman, Northern Trust
Corporation (bank holding
company); formerly President and
Chief Executive Officer,
Northern Trust Investments, N.
A. (investment manager);
formerly President, Northern
Trust Global Investments, a
division of Northern Trust
Corporation and Executive Vice
President, The Northern Trust
Corporation; formerly, Director,
Northern Trust Securities, Inc. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
David D. Tripple, 63 |
|
Trustee (since 2006) |
|
|
19 |
|
|
Private investor; Trustee,
Century Shares Trust and Century
Small Cap Select Fund*** |
|
|
|
* |
|
Mr. Calamos is an interested person of the Trust as defined in the 1940 Act because he is
an affiliate of Calamos Advisors and Calamos Financial Services LLC. |
|
** |
|
Overseeing 94 portfolios in fund complex.
|
|
*** |
|
Overseeing two portfolios in fund complex. |
The address of the Trustees is 2020 Calamos Court, Naperville, Illinois 60563.
S-26
Officers. The preceding table gives information about Mr. John Calamos, who is president of
the Fund. The following table sets forth each other officers name and age as of the date of this
statement of additional information, position with the Fund and date first appointed to that
position, and principal occupation(s) during the past five years. Each officer serves until his or
her successor is chosen and qualified or until his or her resignation or removal by the board of
trustees.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) and |
Name and Age |
|
Position(s) with Fund |
|
Other Directorships |
Nimish S. Bhatt, 44
|
|
Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer
(since 2008)
|
|
Senior Vice President and
Director of Operations, CAM,
CHLLC, Calamos Advisors and
CFS (since 2004); Treasurer of the Fund (2004-2008); Senior
Vice President, Alternative
Investments and Tax
Services, The BISYS Group,
Inc., prior thereto |
|
|
|
|
|
Nick P. Calamos, 46
|
|
Vice President (since inception)
|
|
Senior Executive Vice
President and Co-Chief
Investment Officer, CAM,
CHLLC, Calamos Advisors and
CFS |
|
|
|
|
|
Patrick H. Dudasik, 52
|
|
Vice President (since inception)
|
|
Executive Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer,
Chief Operating Officer and
Treasurer, CAM and CHLLC
(since 2004), Calamos
Advisors and CFS (2001-2005) |
|
|
|
|
|
Cheryl
L. Hampton, 38
|
|
Treasurer (since 2007)
|
|
Vice President, Calamos Advisors (since March 2007); Tax Director, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
(1999 2007) |
|
|
|
|
|
Stathy
Darcy, 41
|
|
Secretary (since 2007)
|
|
Vice President and Associate Counsel,
Calamos Advisors (since 2006); prior
thereto, Partner, Chapman and Cutler LLP
(law firm) |
|
|
|
|
|
Mark J. Mickey, 56
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer (since 2005)
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer,
Calamos Funds (since 2005)
and Chief Compliance
Officer, Calamos Advisors
(2005-2006); Director of
Risk Assessment and Internal
Audit, Calamos Advisors
(2003-2005); President, Mark
Mickey Consulting
(2002-2003) |
The address of each officer is 2020 Calamos Court, Naperville, Illinois 60563.
The Funds Board of Trustees consists of seven members. In accordance with the Funds
Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Board of Trustees is divided into three classes of
approximately equal size. The terms of the trustees of the different classes are staggered. The
terms of John P. Calamos, Weston W. Marsh and William R. Rybak will expire at the annual meeting of
shareholders in 2008. The terms of Joe F. Hanauer, John E. Neal and David D. Tripple will expire
at the annual meeting of shareholders in 2009. The term of Stephen B. Timbers will expire at the
annual meeting of shareholders in 2010. Messrs. Rybak and Timbers are the Trustees who represent
the holders of preferred shares. Such classification of the Trustees may prevent the replacement
of a majority of the Trustees for up to a two year period. Each of the Funds officers serves
until his or her successor is chosen and qualified or until his or her resignation or removal by
the Board of Trustees.
Committees of the Board of Trustees. The Funds Board of Trustees currently has four standing
committees:
Executive Committee. Messrs. John Calamos and Stephen B. Timbers are members of the
Executive Committee, which has authority during intervals between meetings of the Board of Trustees
to exercise the powers of the Board, with certain exceptions.
Audit Committee. Stephen B. Timbers, Joe F. Hanauer, John E. Neal, William R. Rybak,
Weston W. Marsh and David D. Tripple, each a non-interested Trustee, serve on the Audit Committee.
S-27
The Audit Committee approves the selection of the independent auditors to the Trustees,
approves services to be rendered by the auditors, monitors the auditors performance, reviews the
results of the Funds audit, determines whether to recommend to the Board that the Funds audited
financial statements be included in the Funds annual report and responds to other matters deemed
appropriate by the Board of Trustees.
Governance Committee. Stephen B. Timbers, Joe F. Hanauer, John E. Neal, William R.
Rybak, Weston W. Marsh and David D. Tripple, each a non-interested Trustee, serve on the Governance
Committee. The Governance Committee oversees the independence and effective functioning of the
Board of Trustees and endeavors to be informed about good practices for fund boards. The members
of the Governance Committee make recommendations to the Board of Trustees regarding candidates for
election as non-interested Trustees. The Governance Committee will consider shareholder
recommendations regarding potential candidates for nomination as Trustees properly submitted to the
Governance Committee for its consideration. A Fund shareholder who wishes to nominate a candidate
to the Funds Board of Trustees must submit any such recommendation in writing via regular mail to
the attention of the Funds Secretary, at the address of the Funds principal executive offices.
The shareholder recommendation must include:
|
|
|
the number and class of all Fund shares owned beneficially and of record by the
nominating shareholder at the time the recommendation is submitted and the dates on
which such shares were acquired, specifying the number of shares owned beneficially; |
|
|
|
|
a full listing of the proposed candidates education, experience (including
knowledge of the investment company industry, experience as a director or senior
officer of public or private companies, and directorships on other boards of other
registered investment companies), current employment, date of birth, business and
residence address, and the names and addresses of at least three professional
references; |
|
|
|
|
information as to whether the candidate is, has been or may be an interested
person (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, Calamos or any of its
affiliates, and, if believed not to be or have been an interested person, information
regarding the candidate that will be sufficient for the Committee to make such
determination; |
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|
|
|
the written and signed consent of the candidate to be named as a nominee and to
serve as a Trustee of the Fund, if elected; |
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|
a description of all arrangements or understandings between the nominating
shareholder, the candidate and/or any other person or persons (including their names)
pursuant to which the shareholder recommendation is being made, and if none, so
specify; |
|
|
|
|
the class or series and number of all shares of the Fund owned of record or
beneficially by the candidate, as reported by the candidate; and |
|
|
|
|
such other information that would be helpful to the Governance Committee in
evaluating the candidate. |
The Governance Committee may require the nominating shareholder to furnish other information
it may reasonably require or deem necessary to verify any information furnished pursuant to the
procedures delineated above or to determine the qualifications and eligibility of the candidate
proposed by the nominating shareholder to serve as a Trustee. If the nominating shareholder fails
to provide such
S-28
additional information in writing within seven days of receipt of a written request from the
Governance Committee, the recommendation of such candidate as a nominee will be deemed not properly
submitted for consideration, and the Governance Committee is not required to consider such
candidate. During periods when the Governance Committee is not actively recruiting new Trustees,
shareholder recommendations will be kept on file until active recruitment is under way. After
consideration of a shareholder recommendation, the Governance Committee may dispose of the
shareholder recommendation.
Dividend Committee. Mr. Calamos serves as the sole member of the dividend committee.
The dividend committee is authorized to declare distributions on the Funds shares including, but
not limited to, regular dividends, special dividends and short- and long-term capital gains
distributions.
Valuation Committee. David D. Tripple, Stephen B. Timbers and Weston W. Marsh, each a
non-interested Trustee, serve on the Valuation Committee. The Valuation Committee oversees the
implementation of the valuation procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees. The members of the
Valuation Committee make recommendations to the Board of Trustees regarding valuation matters
relating to the Fund.
In addition to the above committees, there is a Board of Trustees directed pricing committee
comprised of officers of the Fund and employees of Calamos.
The
following table identifies the number of meetings the Board of
Trustees and each committee held during the fiscal year ended October
31, 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Meetings During
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2007 |
Board of Trustees |
|
|
6 |
Executive Committee |
|
|
0 |
Audit Committee |
|
|
5 |
Governance Committee |
|
|
2 |
Dividend Committee |
|
|
0 |
Valuation Committee |
|
|
3 |
The Funds Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that the Fund will indemnify the
Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with any claim in
which they may be involved because of their offices with the Fund, unless it is determined in the
manner specified in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust that they have not acted in good faith
in the reasonable belief that their actions were in the best interests of the Fund or that such
indemnification would relieve any officer or Trustee of any liability to the Fund or its
shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of
his or her duties.
Compensation of Officers and Trustees. The Fund pays no salaries or compensation to any of
its officers or to the Trustees who are affiliated persons of Calamos. The following table sets
forth certain information with respect to the compensation paid to each Trustee by the Fund and the
Calamos Fund Complex as a group. Compensation from the Fund is for the current calendar year and
is estimated. Total compensation from the Calamos Fund Complex as a group is for the [calendar
year ended December 31, 2006].
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated Aggregate |
|
Total Compensation From |
Name of Trustee |
|
Compensation From Fund |
|
Calamos Fund Complex(1)* |
John P. Calamos, Sr. |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
Joe F. Hanauer |
|
$ |
11,795 |
|
|
$ |
131,000 |
|
Weston W. Marsh |
|
$ |
13,173 |
|
|
$ |
146,000 |
|
John E. Neal |
|
$ |
13,909 |
|
|
$ |
154,000 |
|
William R. Rybak |
|
$ |
12,989 |
|
|
$ |
144,000 |
|
Steve B. Timbers |
|
$ |
16,853 |
|
|
$ |
186,000 |
|
David D. Tripple |
|
$ |
14,093 |
|
|
$ |
156,000 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Includes fees that may have been deferred during the year pursuant to a deferred
compensation plan with Calamos Investment Trust. Deferred amounts are treated as though such
amounts have been invested and reinvested in shares of one or more of the portfolios of the
Calamos Investment Trust selected by the Trustee. |
|
* |
|
The Calamos Fund Complex consists of seven investment companies and each applicable series
thereunder including the Fund, Calamos Investment Trust, Calamos Advisors Trust, Calamos
Convertible Opportunities and Income Fund, Calamos Convertible and High Income Fund, Calamos
Global Dynamic Income Fund and Calamos Global Total Return Fund. |
The Fund has adopted a deferred compensation plan (the Plan). Under the Plan, a Trustee who
is not an interested person of Calamos and who has elected to participate in the Plan
(participating Trustees) may defer receipt of all or a portion of his compensation from Fund in
order to defer payment
S-29
of income taxes or for other reasons. The deferred compensation payable to the participating
Trustee is credited to Trustees deferral account as of the business day such compensation would
have been paid to the Trustee. The value of a Trustees deferred compensation account at any time
is equal to what would be the value if the amounts credited to the account had instead been
invested in shares of one or more of the portfolios of Calamos Investment Trust as designated by
the Trustee. Thus, the value of the account increases with contributions to the account or with
increases in the value of the measuring shares, and the value of the account decreases with
withdrawals from the account or with declines in the value of the measuring shares. If a
participating trustee retires, the Trustee may elect to receive payments under the plan in a lump
sum or in equal installments over a period of five years. If a participating Trustee dies, any
amount payable under the Plan will be paid to the Trustees beneficiaries.
Ownership of Shares of the Fund and Other Calamos Funds. The following table indicates the
value of shares that each Trustee beneficially owns in the Fund and the Calamos Fund Complex in the
aggregate. The value of shares of the Calamos Funds is determined on the basis of the net asset
value of the class of shares held as of December 31, 2007. The value of the shares held, are
stated in ranges in accordance with the requirements of the Commission. The table reflects the
Trustees beneficial ownership of shares of the Calamos Fund Complex. Beneficial ownership is
determined in accordance with the rules of the Commission.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Securities in all Registered |
|
|
Dollar Range of Equity |
|
Investment Companies in the |
Name of Trustee |
|
Securities in the Fund |
|
Calamos Funds |
Interested Trustees: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John P. Calamos |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-Interested Trustees: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Joe F. Hanauer |
|
None |
|
Over $100,000 |
Weston W. Marsh |
|
$50,001100,000 |
|
Over $100,000 |
John E. Neal |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
Over $100,000 |
William Rybak |
|
None |
|
Over $100,000 |
Stephen B. Timbers |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
Over $100,000 |
David D. Tripple |
|
$50,001100,000 |
|
Over $100,000 |
Code of Ethics. The Fund and Calamos have adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the
1940 Act which is applicable to officers, directors/Trustees and designated employees of Calamos
and CFS. Employees of Calamos and CFS are permitted to make personal securities transactions,
including transactions in securities that the Fund may purchase, sell or hold, subject to
requirements and restrictions set forth in the code of ethics of Calamos and CFS. The code of
ethics contains provisions and requirements designed to identify and address certain conflicts of
interest between personal investment activities of Calamos and CFS employees and the interests of
investment advisory clients such as the Fund. Among other things, the code of ethics prohibits
certain types of transactions absent prior approval, imposes time periods during which personal
transactions may not be made in certain securities, and requires the submission of duplicate broker
confirmations and statements and quarterly reporting of securities transactions. Additional
restrictions apply to portfolio managers, traders, research analysts and others involved in the
investment advisory process. Exceptions to these and other provisions of the code of ethics may be
granted in particular circumstances after review by appropriate personnel. Text only versions of
the code of ethics can be viewed online or downloaded from the EDGAR Database on the Commissions
internet web site at www.sec.gov. You may review and copy the code of ethics by visiting the
Commissions Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information on the operation of the Public
Reference Room may be obtained by calling the Commission at 202-551-8090. In addition, copies
S-30
of the code of ethics may be obtained, after mailing the appropriate duplicating fee, by
writing to the Commissions Public Reference Section, Washington, DC 20549-0102 or by e-mail
request at publicinfo@sec.gov.
Proxy Voting Procedures. The Fund has delegated proxy voting responsibilities to Calamos,
subject to the Board of Trustees general oversight. The Fund expects Calamos to vote proxies
related to the Funds portfolio securities for which the Fund has voting authority consistent with
the Funds best economic interests. Calamos has adopted its own Proxy Voting Policies and
Procedures (Policies). The Policies address, among other things, conflicts of interest that may
arise between the interests of the Fund, and the interests of the adviser and its affiliates.
The following is a summary of the Policies used by Calamos in voting proxies.
To assist it in voting proxies, Calamos has established a Committee comprised of members of
its Portfolio Management and Research Departments. The Committee and/or its members will vote
proxies using the following guidelines.
In general, if Calamos believes that a companys management and board have interests
sufficiently aligned with the Funds interest, Calamos will vote in favor of proposals recommended
by a companys board. More specifically, Calamos seeks to ensure that the board of directors of a
company is sufficiently aligned with security holders interests and provides proper oversight of
the companys management. In many cases this may be best accomplished by having a majority of
independent board members. Although Calamos will examine board member elections on a case-by-case
basis, it will generally vote for the election of directors that would result in a board comprised
of a majority of independent directors.
Because of the enormous variety and complexity of transactions that are presented to
shareholders, such as mergers, acquisitions, reincorporations, adoptions of anti-takeover measures
(including adoption of a shareholder rights plan, requiring supermajority voting on particular
issues, adoption of fair price provisions, issuance of blank check preferred stocks and the
creation of a separate class of stock with unequal voting rights), changes to capital structures
(including authorizing additional shares, repurchasing stock or approving a stock split), executive
compensation and option plans, that occur in a variety of industries, companies and market cycles,
it is extremely difficult to foresee exactly what would be in the best interests of the Fund in all
circumstances. Moreover, voting on such proposals involves considerations unique to each
transaction. Accordingly, Calamos will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals presenting these
transactions.
Finally, Calamos has established procedures to help resolve conflicts of interests that might
arise when voting proxies for the Fund. These procedures provide that the Committee, along with
Calamos Legal and Compliance Departments, will examine conflicts of interests with the Fund of
which Calamos is aware and seek to resolve such conflicts in the best interests of the Fund,
irrespective of any such conflict. If a member of the Committee has a personal conflict of
interest, that member will refrain from voting and the remainder of the Committee will determine
how to vote the proxy solely on the investment merits of any proposal. The Committee will then
memorialize the conflict and the procedures used to address the conflict.
The
Fund is required to file with the SEC its complete proxy voting
record for the twelve-month period ending June 30, by no later
than August 31 of each year. The Funds proxy voting record
for the most recent twelve-month period ending June 30 is
available by August 31 of each year (1) on the SECs
website at www.sec.gov and (2) without charge, upon request, by
calling 800-582-6959.
You may obtain a copy a Calamos Policies by calling 800.582.6959, by visiting the Funds
website at www.calamos.com, by writing Calamos at: Calamos Investments, Attn: Client Services,
2020 Calamos Court, Naperville, IL 60563, and on the
Commissions website at www.sec.gov.
S-31
Investment Adviser and Investment Management Agreement
Subject to the overall authority of the board of trustees, Calamos provides the Fund with
investment research, advice and supervision and furnishes continuously an investment program for
the Fund. In addition, Calamos furnishes for use of the Fund such office space and facilities as
the Fund may require for its reasonable needs and supervises the business and affairs of the Fund
and provides the following other services on behalf of the Fund and not provided by persons not a
party to the investment management agreement: (i) preparing or assisting in the preparation of
reports to and meeting materials for the Trustees; (ii) supervising, negotiating contractual
arrangements with, to the extent appropriate, and monitoring the performance of, accounting agents,
custodians, depositories, transfer agents and pricing agents, accountants, attorneys, printers,
underwriters, brokers and dealers, insurers and other persons in any capacity deemed to be
necessary or desirable to Fund operations; (iii) assisting in the preparation and making of filings
with the Commission and other regulatory and self-regulatory organizations, including, but not
limited to, preliminary and definitive proxy materials, amendments to the Funds registration
statement on Form N-2 and semi-annual reports on Form N-SAR and Form N-CSR; (iv) overseeing the
tabulation of proxies by the Funds transfer agent; (v) assisting in the preparation and filing of
the Funds federal, state and local tax returns; (vi) assisting in the preparation and filing of
the Funds federal excise tax return pursuant to Section 4982 of the Code; (vii) providing
assistance with investor and public relations matters; (viii) monitoring the valuation of portfolio
securities and the calculation of net asset value; (ix) monitoring the registration of shares of
beneficial interest of the Fund under applicable federal and state securities laws; (x) maintaining
or causing to be maintained for the Fund all books, records and reports and any other information
required under the 1940 Act, to the extent that such books, records and reports and other
information are not maintained by the Funds custodian or other agents of the Fund; (xi) assisting
in establishing the accounting policies of the Fund; (xii) assisting in the resolution of
accounting issues that may arise with respect to the Funds operations and consulting with the
Funds independent accountants, legal counsel and the Funds other agents as necessary in
connection therewith; (xiii) reviewing the Funds bills; (xiv) assisting the Fund in determining
the amount of dividends and distributions available to be paid by the Fund to its shareholders,
preparing and arranging for the printing of dividend notices to shareholders, and providing the
transfer and dividend paying agent, the custodian, and the accounting agent with such information
as is required for such parties to effect the payment of dividends and distributions; and
(xv) otherwise assisting the Fund as it may reasonably request in the conduct of the Funds
business, subject to the direction and control of the Trustees.
Under the investment management agreement, the Fund pays Calamos a fee based on the average
weekly managed assets that is accrued daily and paid on a monthly basis. The fee paid by the Fund
is at the annual rate of 1.00% of managed assets. Because the management fee paid to Calamos is
based upon a percentage of the Funds managed assets, the fee paid to Calamos is higher when the
Fund is leveraged; thus, Calamos will have an incentive to use leverage.
Under the terms of its investment management agreement with the Fund, except for the services
and facilities provided by Calamos as set forth therein, the Fund shall assume and pay all expenses
for all other Fund operations and activities and shall reimburse Calamos for any such expenses
incurred by Calamos. The expenses borne by the Fund shall include, without limitation:
(a) organization expenses of the Fund (including out-of-pocket expenses, but not including Calamos
overhead or employee costs); (b) fees payable to Calamos; (c) legal expenses; (d) auditing and
accounting expenses; (e) maintenance of books and records that are required to be maintained by the
Funds custodian or other agents of the Fund; (f) telephone, telex, facsimile, postage and other
communications expenses; (g) taxes and governmental fees; (h) fees, dues and expenses incurred by
the Fund in connection with membership in investment company trade organizations and the expense of
attendance at professional meetings of such organizations; (i) fees and expenses of accounting
agents, custodians, subcustodians, transfer agents,
S-32
dividend disbursing agents and registrars; (j) payment for portfolio pricing or valuation
services to pricing agents, accountants, bankers and other specialists, if any; (k) expenses of
preparing share certificates; (l) expenses in connection with the issuance, offering, distribution,
sale, redemption or repurchase of securities issued by the Fund; (m) expenses relating to investor
and public relations provided by parties other than Calamos; (n) expenses and fees of registering
or qualifying shares of beneficial interest of the Fund for sale; (o) interest charges, bond
premiums and other insurance expenses; (p) freight, insurance and other charges in connection with
the shipment of the Funds portfolio securities; (q) the compensation and all expenses
(specifically including travel expenses relating to Fund business) of Trustees, officers and
employees of the Fund who are not affiliated persons of Calamos; (r) brokerage commissions or other
costs of acquiring or disposing of any portfolio securities of the Fund; (s) expenses of printing
and distributing reports, notices and dividends to shareholders; (t) expenses of preparing and
setting in type, printing and mailing prospectuses and statements of additional information of the
Fund and supplements thereto; (u) costs of stationery; (v) any litigation expenses;
(w) indemnification of Trustees and officers of the Fund; (x) costs of shareholders and other
meetings; (y) interest on borrowed money, if any; and (z) the fees and other expenses of listing
the Funds shares on the New York Stock Exchange or any other national stock exchange.
For the fiscal years ended October 31, 2004, October 31, 2005,
October 31, 2006, and October 31, 2007, the Fund paid $17,903,542,
$33,816,296, $34,049,644, and $35,897,921, respectively, in advisory
fees.
The investment management agreement had an initial term ending August 1, 2005 and continues in
effect from year to year thereafter so long as such continuation is approved at least annually by
(1) the board of trustees or the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as
defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, and (2) a majority of the trustees who are not interested
persons of any party to the investment management agreement, cast in person at a meeting called for
the purpose of voting on such approval. The investment management agreement may be terminated at
any time, without penalty, by either the Fund or Calamos upon 60 days written notice, and is
automatically terminated in the event of its assignment as defined in the 1940 Act.
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees decision to approve the renewal of
the Investment Management Agreement is available in the Funds Annual Report to shareholders for
the fiscal year ended October 31, 2007.
The use of the name Calamos in the name of the Fund is pursuant to licenses granted by
Calamos, and the Fund has agreed to change the names to remove those references if Calamos ceases
to act as investment adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
Calamos employs a team approach to portfolio management, with teams comprised generally of the
Co-Chief Investment Officers (the Co-CIOs), senior strategy analysts, intermediate analysts and
junior analysts. The Co-CIOs, directors and senior strategy analysts are supported by and
lead a team of investment professionals whose valuable contributions create a synergy of expertise
that can be applied across many different investment strategies. John P. Calamos, Sr., Co-CIO of
Calamos, generally focuses on the top-down approach of diversification by industry sector and
macro-level investment themes, Nick P. Calamos, Co-CIO of Calamos, also focuses on the top-down
approach of diversification by industry sector and macro-level investment themes and, in addition,
focuses on the bottom-up approach and corresponding research and analysis. John P. Calamos, Jr.,
John Hillenbrand, Steve Klouda, Jeff Scudieri and Jon Vacko are each senior strategy analysts, and
Matthew Toms is
S-33
Director of Fixed Income. The Co-CIOs, directors and senior strategy analysts are referred to
collectively as Team Leaders.
The Team Leaders also have responsibility for the day-to-day management of accounts other than
the Fund. Information regarding these other accounts is set forth below:
The Funds Team Leaders are responsible for managing the Fund and other accounts, including
separate accounts and unregistered funds.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Other Accounts Managed and Assets by Account Type as of October 31, 2007* |
|
|
Registered Investment |
|
Other Pooled Investment |
|
|
Portfolio Manager |
|
Companies |
|
Vehicles |
|
Other Accounts |
|
|
Accounts |
|
Assets |
|
Accounts |
|
Assets |
|
Accounts |
|
Assets |
John P. Calamos |
|
|
22 |
|
|
$ |
35,149,492,739 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
$ |
297,610,723 |
|
|
|
22,371 |
|
|
$ |
11,308,779,683 |
|
Nick P. Calamos |
|
|
22 |
|
|
$ |
35,149,492,739 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
$ |
297,610,723 |
|
|
|
22,371 |
|
|
$ |
11,308,779,683 |
|
John P.
Calamos, Jr. |
|
|
20 |
|
|
$ |
34,678,281,091 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
$ |
297,610,723 |
|
|
|
22,371 |
|
|
$ |
11,308,779,683 |
|
John Hillenbrand |
|
|
19 |
|
|
$ |
33,129,883,529 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
$ |
242,155,204 |
|
|
|
22,371 |
|
|
$ |
11,308,779,683 |
|
Steve Klouda |
|
|
19 |
|
|
$ |
33,129,883,529 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
$ |
242,155,204 |
|
|
|
22,371 |
|
|
$ |
11,308,779,683 |
|
Jeff Scudieri |
|
|
19 |
|
|
$ |
33,129,883,529 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
$ |
242,155,204 |
|
|
|
22,371 |
|
|
$ |
11,308,779,683 |
|
Jon Vacko |
|
|
19 |
|
|
$ |
33,129,883,529 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
$ |
242,155,204 |
|
|
|
22,371 |
|
|
$ |
11,308,779,683 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Accounts Managed and Assets for Which Advisory Fee is Performance Based as of October 31, 2007* |
|
|
Registered Investment |
|
Other Pooled Investment |
|
|
Portfolio Manager |
|
Companies |
|
Vehicles |
|
Other Accounts |
|
|
Accounts |
|
Assets |
|
Accounts |
|
Assets |
|
Accounts |
|
Assets |
John P. Calamos |
|
|
1 |
|
|
$ |
565,845,779 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
$ |
148,730,762 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Nick P. Calamos |
|
|
1 |
|
|
$ |
565,845,779 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
$ |
148,730,762 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
John P.
Calamos, Jr. |
|
|
1 |
|
|
$ |
565,845,779 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
$ |
148,730,762 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
John Hillenbrand |
|
|
1 |
|
|
$ |
565,845,779 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
$ |
93,275,243 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Steve Klouda |
|
|
1 |
|
|
$ |
565,845,779 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
$ |
93,275,243 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Jeff Scudieri |
|
|
1 |
|
|
$ |
565,845,779 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
$ |
93,275,243 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Jon Vacko |
|
|
1 |
|
|
$ |
565,845,779 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
$ |
93,275,243 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Each Team Leader may invest for his own benefit in securities held in brokerage and mutual
fund accounts. The information shown in the table does not include information about those
accounts where the Team Leader or members of his family have beneficial or pecuniary interest
because no advisory relationship exists with Calamos or any of its affiliates. |
|
** |
|
Matthew Toms joined Calamos in March 2007 and information regarding the number of accounts
managed by Mr. Toms is not yet available. |
Other than potential conflicts between investment strategies, the side-by-side management of
both the Fund and other accounts may raise potential conflicts of interest due to the interest held
by Calamos in an account and certain trading practices used by the portfolio managers (e.g.,
cross-trades between the Fund and another account and allocation aggregated trades). Calamos has
developed policies and procedures reasonably designed to mitigate those conflicts. For example,
Calamos will only place cross-trades in securities held by the Fund in accordance with the rules
promulgated under the 1940 Act and has adopted policies designed to ensure the fair allocation of
securities purchased on an aggregated basis. The allocation methodology employed by Calamos varies
depending on the type of securities sought to be bought or sold and the type of client or group of
clients. Generally, however, orders are placed first for those clients that have given Calamos
brokerage discretion (including the ability to step out a portion of trades), and then to clients
that have directed Calamos to execute trades through a specific broker. However, if the directed
broker allows Calamos to execute with other brokerage firms, which then book the transaction
directly with the directed broker, the order will be placed as if the client had given
S-34
Calamos full brokerage discretion. Calamos and its affiliates
frequently use a rotational method of placing and aggregating client orders and will build and
fill a position for a designated client or group of clients before placing orders for other
clients. A client account may not receive an allocation of an order if: (a) the client would
receive an unmarketable amount of securities based on account size; (b) the client has precluded
Calamos from using a particular broker; (c) the cash balance in the client account will be
insufficient to pay for the securities allocated to it at settlement; (d) current portfolio
attributes make an allocation inappropriate; and (e) account specific guidelines, objectives and
other account specific factors make an allocation inappropriate. Allocation methodology may be
modified when strict adherence to the usual allocation is impractical or leads to inefficient or
undesirable results. Calamos head trader must approve each instance that the usual allocation
methodology is not followed and provide a reasonable basis for such instances and all modifications
must be reported in writing to the Director of Compliance on a monthly basis.
The Team Leaders advise certain accounts under a performance fee arrangement. A performance
fee arrangement may create an incentive for a Team Leader to make investments that are riskier or
more speculative than would be the case in the absence of performance fees. A performance fee
arrangement may result in increased compensation to the Team Leaders from such accounts due to
under-realized appreciation as well as realized gains in the clients account.
As of October 31, 2007, Team Leaders John P. Calamos, Sr., Nick P. Calamos and John P.
Calamos, Jr. receive all of their compensation from Calamos Asset Management, Inc. Each has
entered into employment agreements that provide for compensation in the form of an annual base
salary and a discretionary target bonus, each payable in cash. Their discretionary target bonus is
set at a percentage of the respective base salary, ranging from 300% to 600%, with a maximum annual
bonus opportunity of 150% of the target bonus. For example, the
discretionary target bonus for a Team Leader who earns $100,000 would
range from $300,000 to $600,000 and the Team Leader's maximum annual
bonus opportunity would range from $450,000 to $900,000. Also, due to the ownership and executive management
positions with Calamos and its parent company, additional multiple corporate objectives are
utilized to determine the discretionary target bonus for John P. Calamos, Sr., Nick P. Calamos and
John P. Calamos, Jr. For 2007, the additional corporate objectives were: marketing effectiveness,
as measured by redemption rate compared to an absolute target; advisory fee revenues, measured by
growth in revenues; operating efficiencies, as measured by operating margin percentage compared to
a ranking of the top operating margins of companies in the industry; and stock price performance.
As of October 31, 2007, John Hillenbrand, Steve Klouda, Jeff Scudieri and Jon Vacko, and, as
of March 2007, Matthew Toms, receive all of their compensation from Calamos. They each receive
compensation in the form of an annual base salary and a discretionary target bonus, each payable in
cash. Their discretionary target bonus is set at a percentage of the respective base salary.
The amounts paid to all Team Leaders and the criteria utilized to determine the amounts are
benchmarked against industry specific data provided by third party analytical agencies. The Team
Leaders compensation structure does not differentiate between the funds and other accounts managed
by the Team Leaders, and is determined on an overall basis, taking into consideration the
performance of the various strategies managed by the Team Leaders. Portfolio performance, as
measured by risk-adjusted portfolio performance, is utilized to determine the discretionary target
bonus, as well as overall performance of Calamos.
All Team Leaders are eligible to receive annual equity awards under a long-term incentive
compensation program. With respect to John P. Calamos, Sr., Nick P. Calamos and John P.
Calamos, Jr., the target annual equity awards are set at a percentage of base salary. With
respect to John Hillenbrand, Steve Klouda, Jeff Scudieri, Matthew Toms and Jon Vacko, the
target annual equity awards are each set at a percentage of the respective base salaries.
S-35
Historically, the annual equity awards granted under the long-term incentive compensation
program have been comprised of stock options and restricted stock units. The stock options and
restricted stock units issued to date have vested annually in one-third installments beginning in
the fourth year after the grant date and each award has been subject to accelerated vesting under
certain conditions. Unless terminated early, the stock options have a ten-year term.
At
October 31, 2007, each portfolio manager beneficially owned (as determined pursuant to
Rule 16a-1a(a)(2) under the 1934 Act) shares of the Fund having value within the indicated dollar
ranges.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund |
John P. Calamos |
|
|
Over $100,000 |
|
Nick P. Calamos |
|
|
Over $100,000 |
|
John P. Calamos, Jr. |
|
|
None |
|
John Hillenbrand |
|
|
None |
|
Steve Klouda |
|
|
None |
|
Jeff Scudieri |
|
|
None |
|
Matthew Toms |
|
|
None |
|
Jon Vacko |
|
|
None |
|
Fund Accountant
Under the arrangements with State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street) to provide
fund accounting services, State Street provides certain administrative and accounting services
including providing daily reconciliation of cash, trades and positions; maintaining general ledger
and capital stock accounts; preparing daily trial balance; calculating net asset value; providing
selected general ledger reports; preferred share compliance; calculating total returns; and
providing monthly distribution analysis to the Fund and such other funds advised by Calamos that
may be part of those arrangements (the Fund and such other funds are collectively referred to as
the Calamos Funds). For the services rendered to the Calamos Funds, State Street receives fees
based on the combined managed assets of the Calamos Funds (Combined Assets). State Street
receives a fee at the annual rate of 0.009% for the first $5.0 billion of Combined Assets, 0.0075%
for the next $5.0 billion of Combined Assets, 0.005% for the next $5.0 billion of Combined Assets
and 0.0035% for the Combined Assets in excess of $15.0 billion. Each fund of the Calamos Funds
pays its pro-rata share of the fees payable to State Street described below based on relative
managed assets of each fund.
Calamos, and not State Street, will provide the following financial accounting services to
Calamos Funds: management of expenses and expense payment processing; monitor the calculation of
expense accrual amounts for any fund and make any necessary modifications; coordinate any expense
reimbursement calculations and payment; calculate yields on the funds in accordance with rules and
regulations of the Commission; calculate net investment income dividends and capital gains
distributions; calculate, track and report tax adjustments on all assets of each fund, including
but not limited to contingent debt and preferred trust obligations; prepare excise tax and fiscal
year distributions schedules; prepare tax information required for financial statement footnotes;
prepare state and federal income tax returns; prepare specialized calculations of amortization on
convertible securities; prepare year-end dividend disclosure information; calculate trustee
deferred compensation plan accruals and valuations; and prepare Form 1099
information statements for Board members and service providers. For providing those financial
accounting services, Calamos will receive a fee payable monthly at the annual rate of 0.0175% on
the first $1 billion of the average daily net assets of the Calamos Funds; 0.0150% on the next
$1 billion of the average daily net assets of the Calamos Funds; and 0.0110% on the average daily
net assets of the Calamos Funds above $2 billion (financial accounting service fee). Each fund
of the
S-36
Calamos Funds will pay its pro-rata share of the financial accounting service fee payable to
Calamos based on relative managed assets of each fund.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
Portfolio transactions on behalf of the Fund effected on stock exchanges involve the payment
of negotiated brokerage commissions. There is generally no stated commission in the case of
securities traded in the over-the-counter markets, but the price paid by the Fund usually includes
an undisclosed dealer commission or mark-up. In underwritten offerings, the price paid by the Fund
includes a disclosed, fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer.
In executing portfolio transactions, Calamos uses its best efforts to obtain for the Fund the
most favorable combination of price and execution available. In seeking the most favorable
combination of price and execution, Calamos considers all factors it deems relevant, including
price, the size of the transaction, the nature of the market for the security, the amount of
commission, the timing of the transaction taking into account market prices and trends, the
execution capability of the broker-dealer and the quality of service rendered by the broker-dealer
in other transactions.
The Trustees have determined that portfolio transactions for the Fund may be executed through
CFS an affiliate of Calamos, if, in the judgment of Calamos,
the use of CFS is likely to result in prices and execution at least as favorable to the Funds as
those available from other qualified brokers and if, in such transactions, CFS charges the Fund
commission rates consistent with those charged by CFS to comparable unaffiliated customers in
similar transactions. The Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not
interested trustees, has adopted procedures that are reasonably designed to provide that any
commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to CFS are consistent with the foregoing standard.
The Fund will not effect principal transactions with CFS.
Consistent with the Rules of Fair Practice of the National Association of Securities Dealers,
Inc. and subject to seeking the most favorable combination of net price and execution available
and such other policies as the Trustees may determine, Calamos may consider sales of shares of the
Fund as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions for that
Fund.
In allocating the Funds portfolio brokerage transactions to unaffiliated broker-dealers,
Calamos may take into consideration the research, analytical, statistical and other information and
services provided by the broker-dealer, such as general economic reports and information, reports
or analyses of particular companies or industry groups, market timing and technical information,
and the availability of the brokerage firms analysts for consultation. Although Calamos believes
these services have substantial value, they are considered supplemental to Calamos own efforts in
the performance of its duties under the management agreement. As permitted by Section 28(e) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (1934 Act), Calamos may cause the Fund to pay a broker-dealer
that provides brokerage and research services an amount of commission for effecting a securities
transaction for the Fund in excess of the commission that another broker-
dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the amount is believed by Calamos
to be reasonable in relation to the value of the overall quality of the brokerage and research
services provided. Other clients of Calamos may indirectly benefit from the provision of these
services to Calamos, and the Fund may indirectly benefit from services provided to Calamos as a
result of transactions for other clients.
The
Fund paid $0, $0, $0, and $0 in aggregate brokerage commissions for the fiscal years ended
October 31, 2004, October 31, 2005, October 31, 2006,
and October 31, 2007, including $0, $0, $0, and $0 to CFS, which
represented 0%, 0%, $0, and 0% of the Funds aggregate brokerage
fees paid for the respective fiscal year, and 0%, 0%, 0%, and 0% of the
Funds aggregate dollar amount of transactions involving
brokerage commissions for the respective fiscal year.
S-37
Portfolio Turnover
Our annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly from year to year. Although we cannot
accurately predict our annual portfolio turnover rate, it is not expected to exceed 100% under
normal circumstances. For the fiscal years ended October 31, 2004, October 31, 2005, October 31,
2006, and October 31, 2007, the
portfolio turnover rate was 11%, 71%, 48%, and 48%, respectively. However, portfolio turnover rate is
not considered a limiting factor in the execution of investment decisions for us. A higher turnover
rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that
are borne by us. High portfolio turnover also may result in the
realization of capital gains or losses and, to the extent net
short-term capital gains are realized, any distributions resulting
from such gains will be considered ordinary income for federal income
tax purposes. See Federal Income Tax Matters.
NET ASSET VALUE
Net asset value per share is determined as of the close of regular session trading on the New
York Stock Exchange (usually 4:00 p.m., Eastern time), on the last business day in each week. Net
asset value is calculated by dividing the value of all of the securities and other assets of the
Fund, less its liabilities (including accrued expenses and indebtedness) and the aggregate
liquidation value of any outstanding preferred shares, by the total number of common shares
outstanding. Currently, the net asset values of shares of publicly traded closed-end investment
companies investing in debt securities are published in Barrons, the Monday edition of The Wall
Street Journal and the Monday and Saturday editions of The New York Times.
The values of the securities in the Fund are based on market prices from the primary market in
which they are traded. As a general rule, equity securities listed on a U.S. securities exchange
are valued at the last current reported sale price as of the time of valuation. Securities quoted
on the NASDAQ National Market System are valued at the NASDAQ Official Closing Price (the NOCP),
as determined by NASDAQ, or lacking an NOCP, at the last current reported sale price as of the time
of valuation. Bonds and other fixed-income securities that are traded over the counter and on an
exchange will be valued according to the broadest and most representative market, and it is
expected this will ordinarily be the over-the-counter market. The foreign securities held by the
Fund are traded on exchanges throughout the world. Trading on these foreign securities exchanges
is completed at various times throughout the day and often
does not coincide with the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange. The value of
foreign securities is determined at the close of trading of the exchange on which the securities
are traded or at the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange, whichever is earlier. If
market prices are not readily available or the Funds valuation methods do not produce a value
reflective of the fair value of the security, securities and other assets are priced at a fair
value as determined by the Board of Trustees or a committee thereof, subject to the Board of
Trustees responsibility for any such valuation.
S-38
REPURCHASE OF COMMON SHARES
The Fund is a closed-end investment company and as such its shareholders will not have the
right to cause the Fund to redeem their shares. Instead, the Funds common shares trade in the
open market at a price that is a function of several factors, including dividend levels (which are
in turn affected by expenses), net asset value, call protection, dividend stability, relative
demand for and supply of such shares in the market, general market and economic conditions and
other factors. Because shares of a closed-end investment company may frequently trade at prices
lower than net asset value, the Funds Board of Trustees may consider action that might be taken to
reduce or eliminate any material discount from net asset value in respect of common shares, which
may include the repurchase of such shares in the open market or in private transactions, the making
of a tender offer for such shares, or the conversion of the Fund to an open-end investment company.
The Board of Trustees may decide not to take any of these actions. In addition, there can be no
assurance that share repurchases or tender offers, if undertaken, will reduce market discount.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time when the Funds preferred shares are outstanding,
the Fund may not purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of its common shares unless (1) all
accumulated preferred shares dividends have been paid and (2) at the time of such purchase,
redemption or acquisition, the net asset value of the Funds portfolio (determined after deducting
the acquisition price of the common shares) is at least 200% of the liquidation value of the
outstanding preferred shares (expected to equal the original purchase price per share plus any
accrued and unpaid dividends thereon). Any service fees incurred in connection with any tender
offer made by the Fund will be borne by the Fund and will not reduce the stated consideration to be
paid to tendering shareholders.
Subject to its investment restrictions, the Fund may borrow to finance the repurchase of
shares or to make a tender offer. Interest on any borrowings to finance share repurchase
transactions or the accumulation of cash by the Fund in anticipation of share repurchases or
tenders will reduce the Funds net income. Any share repurchase, tender offer or borrowing that
might be approved by the Funds Board of Trustees would have to
comply with the 1934 Act, the
1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Although the decision to take action in response to a discount from net asset value will be
made by the Board of Trustees at the time it considers such issue, it is not currently anticipated
that the Board of Trustees would authorize repurchases of common shares or a tender offer for such
shares if: (1) such transactions, if consummated, would (a) result in the delisting of the common
shares from the New York Stock Exchange, or (b) impair the Funds status as a regulated investment
company under the Code (which would make the Fund a taxable entity, causing the Funds income to be
taxed at the corporate level in addition to the taxation of shareholders who receive dividends from
the Fund) or as a registered closed-end investment company under the 1940 Act; (2) the Fund would
not be able to liquidate portfolio securities in an orderly manner and consistent with the Funds
investment objective and policies in order to
repurchase shares; or (3) there is, in the boards judgment, any (a) material legal action or
proceeding instituted or threatened challenging such transactions or otherwise materially adversely
affecting the Fund, (b) general suspension of or limitation on prices for trading securities on the
New York Stock Exchange, (c) declaration of a banking moratorium by federal or state authorities or
any suspension of payment by United States or New York banks, (d) material limitation affecting the
Fund or the issuers of its portfolio securities by federal or state authorities on the extension of
credit by lending institutions or on the exchange of foreign currency, (e) commencement of war,
armed hostilities or other international or national calamity directly or indirectly involving the
United States, or (f) other event or condition which would have a material adverse effect
(including any adverse tax effect) on the Fund or its shareholders if shares were repurchased.
S-39
The repurchase by the Fund of its shares at prices below net asset value will result in an
increase in the net asset value of those shares that remain outstanding. However, there can be no
assurance that share repurchases or tender offers at or below net asset value will result in the
Funds shares trading at a price equal to their net asset value. Nevertheless, the fact that the
Funds shares may be the subject of repurchase or tender offers from time to time, or that the Fund
may be converted to an open-end investment company, may reduce any spread between market price and
net asset value that might otherwise exist.
In addition, a purchase by the Fund of its common shares will decrease the Funds total
managed assets which would likely have the effect of increasing the Funds expense ratio. Any
purchase by the Fund of its common shares at a time when preferred shares are outstanding will
increase the leverage applicable to the outstanding common shares then remaining.
Before deciding whether to take any action if the common shares trade below net asset value,
the Funds Board of Trustees would likely consider all relevant factors, including the extent and
duration of the discount, the liquidity of the Funds portfolio, the impact of any action that
might be taken on the Fund or its shareholders and market considerations. Based on these
considerations, even if the Funds shares should trade at a discount, the Board of Trustees may
determine that, in the interest of the Fund and its shareholders, no action should be taken.
FEDERAL INCOME TAX MATTERS
The following is a summary discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences that may
be relevant to a shareholder that acquires, holds and/or disposes of the Funds securities. This
discussion only addresses certain U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. shareholders who hold their
shares as capital assets and does not address all of the U.S. federal income tax consequences that
may be relevant to particular shareholders in light of their individual circumstances. This
discussion also does not address the tax consequences to shareholders who are subject to special
rules, including, without limitation, financial institutions,
regulated investment companies, insurance companies, brokers and dealers in
securities or foreign currencies, certain securities traders, foreign holders, persons who hold their shares as or in a hedge
against currency risk, a constructive sale, or conversion transaction, holders who are subject to
the alternative minimum tax, or tax-exempt or tax-deferred plans, accounts, or entities. In
addition, the discussion does not address any state, local, or foreign tax consequences. The
discussion reflects applicable tax laws of the United States as of the date of this Statement of
Additional Information, which tax laws may be changed or subject to new interpretations by the
courts or the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) retroactively or prospectively. No attempt is made
to present a detailed explanation of all U.S. federal income tax concerns affecting the Fund and
its shareholders, and the discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice. INVESTORS
ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISERS TO DETERMINE THE SPECIFIC TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF INVESTING IN THE FUND,
INCLUDING THE APPLICABLE FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM AND THE EFFECT
OF POSSIBLE CHANGES IN TAX LAWS.
Pursuant to U.S. Treasury Department
Circular 230, we are informing you that (1) this discussion is not intended to be used, was not written
to be used, and cannot be used, by any taxpayer for the purpose of avoiding penalties under the U.S.
federal tax laws, (2) this discussion was written by us in connection with the registration of our
securities and our promotion or marketing, and (3) each taxpayer should seek advice based on his, her
or its particular circumstances from an independent tax advisor.
Federal Income Taxation of the Fund
The Fund has elected to be treated, and intends to qualify each year, as a regulated
investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
Code), so that it will not pay U.S. federal income tax on investment company taxable income
(determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid) and net capital gains timely
distributed to shareholders. If the Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company and
distributes to its shareholders at least 90% of the sum of (i) its investment company taxable
income as that term is defined in the Code (which includes, among
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other things, dividends, taxable interest, and the excess of any net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses,
less certain deductible expenses) without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and (ii) the
excess of its gross tax-exempt interest, if any, over certain disallowed deductions, the Fund will
be relieved of U.S. federal income tax on any income of the Fund, including long-term capital
gains, distributed to shareholders. However, if the Fund retains any investment company taxable
income or net capital gain (i.e., the excess of net long-term capital gain over the sum of net
short-term capital loss and any capital loss carryforward), it will be subject to U.S. federal
income tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained. The Fund intends to distribute at
least annually, all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income, net tax-exempt
interest, if any, and net capital gain.
If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company for U.S.
federal income tax purposes, it would be treated in the same manner as a regular corporation
subject to U.S. federal income tax and distributions to its shareholders would not be deductible by
the Fund in computing its taxable income. In such event, the Funds distributions, to the extent
derived from the Funds current or accumulated earnings and profits, would generally constitute
ordinary dividends, which would generally be eligible for the dividends received deduction
available to corporate shareholders under Section 243 of the Code, and noncorporate shareholders of
the Fund would generally be able to treat such distributions as qualified dividend income
eligible for reduced rates of federal income taxation in taxable years beginning on or before
December 31, 2010 under Section 1(h)(11) of the Code, as described below.
Under the Code, the Fund will be subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax on its
undistributed ordinary income for a calendar year and its capital gains for the one-year period
generally ending on October 31 of such calendar year if it fails to meet certain distribution
requirements with respect to that year. The Fund intends to make distributions in a timely manner
and in an amount sufficient to avoid such tax and accordingly does not expect to be subject to this
excise tax.
In order to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code, the Fund
must, among other things, derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from
(i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or other
disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including gains from
options, futures and forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such
stock, securities or currencies and (ii) net income derived from interests in certain publicly
traded partnerships that derive less than 90% of their gross income from the items described in (i)
above (each, a Qualified Publicly Traded Partnership) (the 90% income test). For purposes of
the 90% income test, the character of income earned by certain entities in which the Fund invests
that are not treated as corporations (e.g., partnerships other than Qualified Publicly Traded
Partnerships) for U.S. federal income tax purposes will generally pass through to the Fund.
Consequently, the Fund may be required to limit its equity
investments in certain such entities.
In addition to the 90% income test, the Fund must also diversify its holdings (the asset
test) so that, at the end of each quarter of its taxable year (i) at least 50% of the market value
of the Funds total assets is represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government securities,
securities of other regulated investment companies and other securities, with such other securities
of any one issuer limited for the purposes of this calculation to an amount not greater in value
than 5% of the value of the Funds total assets and to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting
securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its total assets is invested
in the securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other regulated
investment companies) of any one issuer or of two or more issuers controlled by the Fund and
engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or in the securities of one or more
Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships.
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Foreign exchange gains and losses realized by the Fund in connection with certain transactions
involving foreign currency-denominated debt securities, certain options and futures contracts
relating to foreign currency, foreign currency forward contracts, foreign currencies, or payables
or receivables denominated in a foreign currency are subject to Section 988 of the Code, which
generally causes such gains and losses to be treated as ordinary income and losses and may affect
the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders.
If the Fund acquires any equity interest (generally including not only stock but also an
option to acquire stock such as is inherent in a convertible bond) in certain foreign corporations
that receive at least 75% of their annual gross income from passive sources (such as interest,
dividends, certain rents and royalties, or capital gains) or that hold at least 50% of their assets
in investments held for the production of such passive income (passive foreign investment
companies), the Fund could be subject to U.S. federal income tax and additional interest charges
on excess distributions received from such companies or on gain from the sale of equity interests
in such companies, even if all income or gain actually received by the Fund is timely distributed
to its shareholders. These investments could also result in the
treatment as ordinary income of associated gains on the sale of the
investment. The Fund would not be able to pass through to its shareholders any
credit or deduction for such tax. Tax elections may generally be available that would ameliorate
these adverse tax consequences, but any such election could require the Fund to recognize taxable
income or gain (which would be subject to the distribution requirements described above) without
the concurrent receipt of cash. The Fund may limit and/or manage its holdings in passive foreign
investment companies to limit its U.S. federal income tax liability or maximize its return from
these investments.
If the Fund invests in certain pay-in-kind securities, zero coupon securities, deferred
interest securities or, in general, any other securities with original issue discount (or with
market discount if the Fund elects to include market discount in income currently), the Fund must
accrue income on such investments for each taxable year, which generally will be prior to the
receipt of the corresponding cash payments. However, the Fund must distribute, at least annually,
all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income, including such accrued income,
to shareholders to avoid U.S. federal income and excise taxes. Therefore, the Fund may have to
dispose of its portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances to generate cash, or may
have to leverage itself by borrowing the cash, to satisfy distribution requirements.
The Fund may acquire market discount bonds.
A market discount bond is a security acquired in the secondary market at a price below its redemption
value (or its adjusted issue price if it is also an original issue discount bond). If the Fund invests
in a market discount bond, it will be required to treat any gain recognized on the disposition of such
market discount bond as ordinary income (instead of capital gain) to the extent of the accrued market
discount, unless the Fund elects to include the market discount in income as it accrues as discussed above.
Such market discount will not constitute qualified dividend income.
The Fund may invest to a significant extent in debt obligations that are in the lowest rating
categories or are unrated, including debt obligations of issuers not currently paying interest or
who are in default. Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present
special tax issues for the Fund. The U.S. federal income tax laws are not entirely clear about
issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market
discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and
how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income.
These and other related issues will be addressed by the Fund when, as and if it invests in such
securities, in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its status
as a regulated investment company and does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise
taxes.
The Fund may engage in various transactions utilizing options, futures contracts, forward
contracts, hedge instruments, straddles, swaps and other similar transactions. Such transactions
may be subject to special provisions of the Code that, among other things, affect the character of
any income realized by the Fund from such investments, accelerate recognition of income to the
Fund, defer Fund losses, affect the holding period of the Funds securities, affect whether
distributions will be eligible for the dividends received deduction or be treated as qualified
dividend income and affect the determination
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of whether capital gain and loss is characterized as
long-term or short-term capital gain or loss. These rules could therefore affect the character,
amount and timing of distributions to shareholders. These provisions may also require the Fund to
mark-to-market certain types of the positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if they were
closed out), which may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make
distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the distribution requirements for avoiding U.S.
federal income and excise taxes. The Fund will monitor its transactions and will make the
appropriate entries in its books and records when it acquires an option, futures contract, forward
contract, hedge instrument, swap or other similar investment, and if the Fund deems it advisable,
will make appropriate elections in order to mitigate the effect of these rules, prevent
disqualification of the Fund as a regulated investment company and minimize the imposition of U.S.
federal income and excise taxes.
The Funds transactions in broad based equity index futures contracts, exchange traded options
on such indices and certain other futures contracts are generally considered Section 1256
contracts for federal income tax purposes. Any unrealized gains or losses on such Section 1256
contracts are treated as though they were realized at the end of each taxable year. The resulting
gain or loss is treated as sixty percent long-term capital gain or loss and forty percent
short-term capital gain or loss. Gain or loss recognized on actual sales of Section 1256 contracts
is treated in the same manner. As noted below, distributions of net short-term capital gain are
taxable to shareholders as ordinary income while distributions of net long-term capital gain are
taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain, regardless of how long the shareholder has held
shares of the Fund.
The Funds entry into a short sale transaction, an option or certain other contracts could be
treated as the constructive sale of an appreciated financial position, causing the Fund to realize
gain, but not loss, on the position.
The Fund may invest in REITs that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment
conduits (REMICs). Under a notice issued by the IRS, a portion of the Funds income from a REIT
that is attributable to the REITs residual interest in a REMIC (referred to in the Code as an
excess inclusion) will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in all events. This
notice also provides that excess inclusion income of a regulated investment company, such as
the Fund, will be allocated to shareholders of the regulated investment company in proportion to
the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held
the related REMIC residual interest directly. In general, excess inclusion income allocated to
shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for
certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income to entities
(including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan
or other tax-exempt entity) subject to federal income tax on unrelated business income, thereby
potentially requiring such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion income, and otherwise might
not be required to file a federal income tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such
income, and (iii) in the case of a foreign shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S.
federal withholding tax. In addition, if at any time during any taxable year a disqualified
organization (as defined in the Code) is a record holder of a share in a regulated investment
company, then the regulated investment company will be subject to a tax equal to that portion of
its excess inclusion income for the taxable year that is allocable to the disqualified
organization, multiplied by the highest federal income tax rate imposed on corporations. The Fund
does not intend to invest in REITs in which a substantial portion of the assets will consist of
residual interests in REMICs.
The Fund may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries, including
taxes on interest, dividends and capital gains with respect to its investments in those countries,
which would, if imposed, reduce the yield on or return from those investments. Tax treaties
between certain
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countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes in some cases. The Fund
does not expect to satisfy the requirements for passing through to its shareholders their pro rata
shares of qualified foreign taxes paid by the Fund, with the result
that shareholders will not be required to include such taxes in their gross incomes and will not be entitled to a tax deduction or credit for
such taxes on their own federal income tax returns.
Common Shares and Preferred Shares
Common Share Distributions. Unless a shareholder is ineligible to participate or elects
otherwise, all distributions on common shares will be automatically reinvested in additional common shares of the
Fund pursuant to the Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan (the
Dividend Reinvestment Plan). For U.S. federal income tax
purposes, dividends are generally taxable whether a shareholder takes them in cash or they are
reinvested pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan in additional shares of the Fund.
Distributions of investment company taxable income (determined without regard to the deduction
for dividends paid), which includes dividends, taxable interest, net
short-term capital gain in
excess of net long-term capital loss and certain net foreign exchange gains, are, except as
discussed below, taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the
Funds current and accumulated
earnings and profits. A portion of such dividends may qualify for the
dividends received deduction
available to corporations under Section 243 of the Code and the reduced rate of taxation
under Section 1(h)(11) of the Code that applies to qualified dividend income received by noncorporate
shareholders. For taxable years beginning on or before December 31, 2010, qualified dividend income
received by noncorporate shareholders is taxed at rates equivalent to long-term capital gain tax
rates, which currently reach a maximum of 15%. Qualified dividend income generally includes
dividends from domestic corporations and dividends from foreign corporations that meet certain
specified criteria, although dividends paid by REITs will not generally be eligible for treatment as
qualified dividend income. The Fund generally can pass the tax treatment of qualified dividend
income it receives through to Fund shareholders. For the Fund to receive qualified dividend income,
the Fund must meet certain holding period and other requirements with respect to the stock on which
the otherwise qualified dividend is paid. In
addition, the Fund cannot be obligated to make payments (pursuant to a short sale or
otherwise) with respect to substantially similar or related property. The same provisions,
including the holding period requirements, apply to each shareholders investment in the Fund for
the dividends received by the shareholder to be eligible for such treatment. The provisions of the
Code applicable to qualified dividend income and the 15% maximum individual tax rate on long-term
capital gains are currently effective for taxable years beginning on or after December 31, 2010. Thereafter, unless Congress enacts
legislation providing otherwise, qualified dividend income will no
longer be taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gains, but rather will be taxed at
ordinary federal income tax rates, which reach a current maximum rate of 35%. Distributions of net capital gain, if any, are taxable as long
term capital gains for U.S. federal income tax purposes without regard to the length of time the
shareholder has held shares of the Fund. A distribution of an amount in excess of the Funds
current and accumulated earnings and profits, if any, will be treated by a shareholder as a
tax-free return of capital which is applied against and reduces the shareholders basis in his or
her shares. To the extent that the amount of any such distribution exceeds the shareholders basis
in his or her shares, the excess will be treated by the shareholder as gain from the sale or
exchange of shares. The U.S. federal income tax status of all distributions will be designated by
the Fund and reported to the shareholders annually.
If the Fund retains any net capital gain, the Fund may designate the retained amount as
undistributed capital gains in a notice to shareholders who, if subject to U.S. federal income tax
on long-term capital gains, (i) will be required to include in income, as long-term capital gain,
their proportionate share of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their
proportionate share of the federal income tax paid by the Fund on the undistributed amount against
their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds to the extent the credit
exceeds such liabilities. For U.S. federal
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income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a
shareholder of the Fund will be increased by the difference between the amount of undistributed net
capital gain included in the shareholders gross income and the federal income tax deemed paid by
the shareholder.
If a shareholders distributions are automatically reinvested pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan and the
plan agent invests the distribution in shares acquired on behalf of the shareholder in open-market
purchases, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the shareholder will be treated as having received
a taxable distribution in the amount of the cash dividend that the shareholder would have received
if the shareholder had elected to receive cash. If a shareholders distributions are automatically
reinvested pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan and the plan agent invests the distribution in newly issued shares
of the Fund, the shareholder will be treated as receiving a taxable distribution equal to the fair
market value of the shares the shareholder receives.
At the time of an investors purchase of the Funds shares, a portion of the purchase price
may be attributable to realized or unrealized appreciation in the Funds portfolio or undistributed
taxable income of the Fund. Consequently, subsequent distributions by the Fund with respect to
these shares from such appreciation or income may be taxable to such investor even if the net asset
value of the investors shares is, as a result of the distributions, reduced below the investors
cost for such shares and the distributions economically represent a return of a portion of the
investment.
Any dividend declared by the Fund in October, November or December with a record date in such
a month and paid during the following January will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes
as paid by the Fund and received by shareholders on December 31 of the calendar year in which it is
declared.
Preferred Share Distributions. Under present law and based in part on the fact that there is
no express or implied agreement between or among a broker-dealer or any other party, and the Fund
or any owners of preferred shares, that the broker-dealer or any other party will guarantee or
otherwise arrange to ensure that an owner of preferred shares will be able to sell his or her
shares, it is anticipated that the preferred shares will constitute stock of the Fund for federal
income tax purposes, and thus distributions with respect to the preferred shares (other than
distributions in redemption of the preferred shares subject to Section 302(b) of the Code) will
generally constitute dividends to the extent of the Funds current or accumulated earnings and
profits, as calculated for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Except in the case of net capital
gain distributions, such dividends generally will be taxable at ordinary income tax rates to
holders of preferred shares but may qualify for the dividends received deduction available to
corporate shareholders under Section 243 of the Code and the reduced rates of federal income
taxation that apply to qualified dividend income received by noncorporate shareholders under
Section 1(h)(11) of the Code. Distributions designated by the Fund as net capital gain
distributions will be taxable as long-term capital gain regardless of the length of time a
shareholder has held shares of the Fund. Please see the discussion above on qualified dividend
income, dividends received deductions and net capital gain.
The character of the Funds income will not affect the amount of dividends to which the
holders of preferred shares are entitled to receive. Holders of preferred shares are entitled to
receive only the amount of dividends as determined by periodic auctions. For U.S. federal income
tax purposes, however, the IRS requires that a regulated investment company that has two or more
classes of shares allocate to each such class proportionate amounts of each type of its income
(such as ordinary income and net capital gain) for each tax year. Accordingly, the Fund intends to
designate distributions made with respect to the common shares and preferred shares as consisting
of particular types of income (e.g., net capital gain and ordinary income), in accordance with each
class proportionate share of the total dividends paid to both classes. Thus, each year the Fund
will designate dividends qualifying for the corporate dividends
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received deduction, qualified
dividend income, ordinary income and net capital gains in a manner that allocates such income
between the preferred shares and common shares in proportion to the total dividends made to each
class with respect to such taxable year, or otherwise as required by applicable law. In addition,
solely for the purpose of satisfying the 90% distribution requirement and the distribution requirement
for avoiding income taxes, certain distributions made after the close of a taxable year of the Fund may
be spilled back and treated as paid during such taxable year. In such case, shareholders will be
treated as having received such dividends in the taxable year in which the distribution was actually made.
The IRS has ruled privately that dividends paid following the close of the taxable year that are treated for
federal income tax purposes as derived from income from the prior year will be treated as dividends paid
in the prior year for purposes of determining the proportionate share of a particular type of income for
each class. Accordingly, the Fund intends to treat any such dividends that are paid following the close
of a taxable year as paid in the prior year for purposes of determining a class proportionate share of
a particular type of income. However, the private ruling is not binding on the IRS, and there can be no
assurance that the IRS will respect such treatment. Each
shareholder will be notified of the allocation within 60 days after the end of the year.
Although the Fund is required to distribute annually at least 90% of its investment company
taxable income (determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid), the Fund is not
required to distribute net capital gains to the shareholders. The Fund may retain and reinvest
such gains and pay federal income taxes on such gains (the net undistributed capital gain). Please see the discussion above on undistributed capital gains.
However, it is unclear whether a portion of the net undistributed capital gain would have to be
allocated to the preferred shares for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Until and unless the Fund
receives acceptable guidance from the IRS or an opinion of counsel as to the allocation of the net
undistributed capital gain between the common shares and the preferred shares, the Fund intends to
distribute its net capital gain for any year during which it has preferred shares outstanding. Such
distribution will affect the tax character but not the amount of dividends to which holders of
preferred shares are entitled.
Although dividends
generally will be treated as distributed when paid, dividends declared in October, November or December with
a record date in such months, and paid in January of the following year, will be treated as having been
distributed by the Fund and received by the shareholders on December 31 of the year in which the dividend
was declared.
Earnings and profits are generally treated, for federal income tax purposes, as first being
used to pay distributions on preferred shares, and then to the extent remaining, if any, to pay
distributions on the common shares. Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings
and profits of the Fund are treated first as return of capital to the extent of the shareholders
basis in the shares and, after the adjusted basis is reduced to zero, will be treated as capital
gain to a shareholder who holds such shares as a capital asset.
If the Fund utilizes leverage through borrowings, or otherwise, asset coverage limitations
imposed by the 1940 Act as well as additional restrictions that may be imposed by certain lenders
on the payment of dividends or distributions potentially could limit or eliminate the Funds
ability to make distributions on its common shares and/or preferred shares until the asset coverage
is restored. These limitations could prevent the Fund from distributing at least 90% of its
investment company taxable income as is required under the Code and therefore might jeopardize the
Funds qualification as a regulated investment company and/or might subject the Fund to a
nondeductible 4% federal excise tax. Upon any failure to meet the asset coverage requirements
imposed by the 1940 Act, the Fund may, in its sole discretion and to the extent permitted under the
1940 Act, purchase or redeem preferred shares in order to maintain or restore the requisite asset
coverage and avoid the adverse consequences to the Fund and its shareholders of failing to meet the
distribution requirements. There can be no assurance, however, that any such action would achieve
these objectives. The Fund will endeavor to avoid restrictions on its ability to distribute
dividends.
Sales of Fund Shares. Sales and other dispositions of the Funds shares are taxable events
for shareholders that are subject to federal income tax. Selling shareholders will generally
recognize gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount received for such
shares and their adjusted
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tax basis in the shares sold. If such shares are held as a capital asset
at the time of sale, the gain or loss will generally be a long-term
capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one
year and, if not held for such period, a short-term capital gain or
loss. Similarly, a
redemption (including a redemption by the Fund resulting from liquidation of the Fund), if any, of
all of the shares (common and preferred) actually and constructively held by a shareholder
generally will give rise to capital gain or loss under Section 302(b) of the Code if the
shareholder does not own (and is not regarded under certain federal income tax law rules of
constructive ownership as owning) any common or preferred shares of
the Fund and provided that the
redemption proceeds do not represent declared but unpaid dividends. Other redemptions may also
give rise to capital gain or loss, if several conditions imposed by Section 302(b) of the Code are
satisfied.
Any loss realized by a shareholder upon the sale or other disposition of shares with a tax
holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of
any amounts treated as distributions of long-term capital gain with respect to such shares. Losses
on sales or other dispositions of shares may be disallowed under wash sale rules in the event of
other investments in the Fund (including those made pursuant to reinvestment of dividends) or other
substantially identical stock or securities within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before and
ending 30 days after a sale or other disposition of shares. In such a case, the disallowed portion
of any loss generally would be included in the U.S. federal income tax basis of the shares
acquired. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their individual
circumstances to determine whether any particular transaction in the Funds shares is properly
treated as a sale for U.S. federal income tax purposes and the tax treatment of any gains or
losses recognized in such transactions.
Federal Income Tax Withholding. Federal law requires that the Fund withhold, as backup
withholding, 28% of reportable payments, including dividends, capital gain distributions and the
proceeds of sales or other dispositions of the Funds shares paid to shareholders who have not
complied with IRS regulations. In order to avoid this withholding requirement, shareholders must
certify on their account applications, or on a separate IRS Form W-9, that the social security
number or other taxpayer identification number they provide is their correct number and that they
are not currently subject to backup withholding, or that they are exempt from backup withholding.
The Fund may nevertheless be required to backup withhold if it receives notice from the IRS or a
broker that the number provided is incorrect or backup withholding is applicable.
Other Matters. Treasury regulations provide that if a shareholder recognizes a loss with
respect to shares of $2 million or more in a single taxable year (or $4 million or more in any
combination of taxable years) for a shareholder who is an individual, S corporation or trust or $10
million or more for a corporate shareholder in any single taxable year (or $20 million or more in
any combination of years), the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form
8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting
requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not
excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to
shareholders of most or all regulated investment companies. The fact that a loss is reportable
under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayers treatment
of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the
applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
The description of certain federal income tax provisions above relates only to U.S. federal
income tax consequences for shareholders who are U.S. persons (i.e.,
U.S. citizens or resident aliens or
U.S. corporations, partnerships, trusts or estates who are subject to U.S. federal income tax on a
net income basis). Investors other than U.S. persons, including non-resident alien individuals,
may be subject to different U.S. federal income tax treatment. With respect to such persons, the
Fund must generally withhold U.S. federal withholding tax at the rate of 30% (or, if the Fund
receives certain certifications
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from such non-U.S. shareholder, such lower rate as prescribed by an
applicable tax treaty) on amounts treated as ordinary dividends from the Fund. However, effective
for taxable years of the Fund beginning before January 1, 2008, the Fund will generally not be
required to withhold tax on any amounts paid to a non-U.S. person with respect to dividends
attributable to qualified short-term gain (i.e., the excess of net short-term capital gain over
net long-term capital loss) designated as such by the Fund and dividends attributable to certain
U.S. source interest income that would not be subject to federal withholding tax if earned directly
by a non-U.S. person, provided such amounts are properly designated by the Fund. SHAREHOLDERS
SHOULD CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS ON THESE MATTERS AND ON ANY SPECIFIC QUESTION OF U.S.
FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, FOREIGN AND OTHER APPLICABLE TAX LAWS BEFORE MAKING AN INVESTMENT IN THE
FUND.
Debt Securities
Under present law, it is anticipated that our debt securities will constitute indebtedness
for federal income tax purposes, which the discussion below assumes. We intend to treat all
payments made with respect to the debt securities consistent with this characterization.
Payments or accruals of interest on debt securities generally will be taxable to you as
ordinary interest income at the time such interest is received (actually or constructively) or
accrued, in accordance with your regular method of accounting for federal income tax purposes.
Initially, your tax basis in debt securities acquired generally will be equal to your cost to
acquire such debt securities. This basis will increase by the amounts, if any, that you include in
income under the rules governing market discount, and will decrease by the amount of any amortized
premium on such debt securities, as discussed below. When you sell or exchange any of your debt
securities, or if any of your debt securities are redeemed, you generally will recognize gain or
loss equal to the difference between the amount you realize on the transaction (less any accrued
and unpaid interest, which will be subject to federal income tax as interest in the manner described above) and
your tax basis in the debt securities relinquished.
Except as discussed below with respect to market discount, the gain or loss that you recognize
on the sale, exchange or redemption of any of your debt securities generally will be capital gain
or loss. Such gain or loss will generally be long-term capital gain or loss if the disposed debt
securities were held for more than one year and will be short-term capital gain or loss if the
disposed debt securities were held for one year or less. Net long-term capital gain recognized by
a noncorporate U.S. holder generally will be subject to federal income tax at a lower rate
(currently a maximum rate of 15%, although this rate will increase to
20% for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010) than net
short-term capital gain or ordinary income (currently a maximum rate of 35%). For corporate
holders, capital gain is generally taxed for federal income tax
purposes at the same rate as ordinary income, that is, currently at
a maximum rate of 35%. A holders ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
If you purchase debt securities at a cost greater than their stated principal amount, plus
accrued interest, you will be considered to have purchased the debt securities at a premium, and
you generally may elect to amortize this premium as an offset to interest income, using a constant
yield method, over the remaining term of the debt securities. If you make the election to amortize
the premium, it generally will apply to all debt instruments that you
hold at the beginning of the first taxable year to which the election
applies, as well as any debt instruments that you subsequently acquire. In addition, you may not
revoke the election without the consent of the IRS. If you elect to amortize the premium, you will
be required to reduce your tax basis in the debt securities by the amount of the premium amortized
during your holding period. If you do not elect to amortize premium, the amount of premium will be
included in your tax basis in the debt securities. Therefore, if you do not elect to amortize the
premium and you hold the debt securities to maturity, you generally will be required to treat the
premium as a capital loss when the debt securities are redeemed.
S-48
If you purchase debt securities at a price that reflects a market discount, any principal
payments on, or any gain that you realize on the disposition of, the debt securities generally will
be treated as ordinary interest income to the extent of the market discount that accrued on the
debt securities during the time you held such debt securities. Market discount is defined under
the Code as, in general, the excess of the stated redemption price at maturity
over the purchase price of the debt security, except that if the market discount is less than 0.25%
of the stated redemption price at maturity multiplied by the number of complete years to maturity,
the market discount is considered to be zero. In addition, you may be required to defer the
deduction of all or a portion of any interest paid on any indebtedness that you incurred or
continued to purchase or carry the debt securities that were acquired at a market discount. In
general, market discount will be treated as accruing ratably over the term of the debt securities,
or, at your election, under a constant yield method.
You may elect to include market discount in gross income currently as it accrues (on either a
ratable or constant yield basis), in lieu of treating a portion of any gain realized on a sale of
the debt securities as ordinary income. If you elect to include market discount on a current
basis, the interest deduction deferral rule described above will not apply and you will increase
your basis in the debt security by the amount of market discount you include in gross income. If
you do make such an election, it will apply to all market discount debt instruments that you
acquire on or after the first day of the first taxable year to which the election applies. This
election may not be revoked without the consent of the IRS.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding. In general, information reporting requirements
will apply to payments of principal, interest, and premium, if any, paid on debt securities and to
the proceeds of the sale of debt securities paid to U.S. holders other than certain exempt
recipients (such as certain corporations). Information reporting generally will apply to payments
of interest on the debt securities to non-U.S. Holders (as defined below) and the amount of tax, if
any, withheld with respect to such payments. Copies of the information returns reporting such
interest payments and any withholding may also be made available to the tax authorities in the
country in which the non-U.S. Holder resides under the provisions of an applicable income tax
treaty. In addition, for non-U.S. Holders, information reporting will apply to the proceeds of the
sale of debt securities within the United States or conducted through United States-related
financial intermediaries unless the certification requirements described below have been complied
with and the statement described below in Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders has been received (and the
payor does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the holder is a United States person)
or the holder otherwise establishes an exemption.
We may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a portion of all
payments (including redemption proceeds) payable to holders of debt securities who fail to provide
us with their correct taxpayer identification number, who fail to make required certifications or
who have been notified by the IRS that they are subject to backup withholding (or if we have been
so notified). Certain corporate and other shareholders specified in the Code and
the regulations thereunder are exempt from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an
additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the holders U.S. federal income tax
liability provided the appropriate information is furnished to the IRS. If you are a non-U.S.
Holder, you may have to comply with certification procedures to establish your non-U.S. status in
order to avoid backup withholding tax requirements. The certification procedures required to claim
the exemption from withholding tax on interest income described below will satisfy these
requirements.
Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders. If you are a non-resident alien individual or a foreign
corporation (a non-U.S. Holder), the payment of interest on the debt securities generally will be
considered portfolio interest and thus generally will be
exempt from U.S. federal
withholding tax. This
S-49
exemption will apply to you provided that (1) interest paid on the debt
securities is not effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business in the United
States, (2) you are not a bank whose receipt of interest on the debt securities is described in
Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, (3) you do not actually or constructively own
10 percent or more of the combined voting power of all classes of our stock entitled to vote,
(4) you are not a controlled foreign corporation that is
related, directly or indirectly, to us
through stock ownership, and (5) you satisfy the certification requirements described below.
To satisfy the certification requirements, either (1) the holder of any debt securities must
certify, under penalties of perjury, that such holder is a non-U.S. person and must provide such
owners name, address and taxpayer identification number, if any, on IRS Form W-8BEN, or
(2) a securities clearing organization, bank or other financial institution that holds
customer securities in the ordinary course of its trade or business and holds the debt securities
on behalf of the holder thereof must certify, under penalties of perjury, that it has received a
valid and properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN from the beneficial holder and comply with certain
other requirements. Special certification rules apply for debt securities held by a foreign
partnership and other intermediaries.
Interest on debt securities received by a non-U.S. Holder that is not excluded from U.S.
federal withholding tax under the portfolio interest exemption as described above generally will be
subject to withholding at a 30% rate, except where (1) the interest is effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, in which case the interest will be subject to U.S.
income tax on a net basis as applicable to U.S. holders generally or (2) a non-U.S. Holder can claim the benefits of an
applicable income tax treaty to reduce or eliminate such withholding
tax. To claim the benefit of an income tax treaty or to claim an exemption from
withholding because the interest is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business,
a non-U.S. Holder must timely provide the appropriate, properly executed IRS forms.
These forms may be required to be periodically updated. Also, a non-U.S. Holder who
is claiming the benefits of an income tax treaty may be required to obtain a U.S.
taxpayer identification number and to provide certain documentary evidence issued by
foreign governmental authorities to prove residence in the foreign country.
Any capital gain that a non-U.S. Holder realizes on a sale, exchange or other disposition of
debt securities generally will be exempt from United States federal income tax, including
withholding tax. This exemption will not apply to you if your gain is effectively connected with
your conduct of a trade or business in the U.S. or you are an individual holder and are present in
the U.S. for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the disposition and either your gain is
attributable to an office or other fixed place of business that you maintain in the U.S. or you
have a tax home in the United States.
CUSTODIAN, TRANSFER AGENT, DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT AND REGISTRAR
The Funds securities and cash are held under a custodian agreement with The Bank of New York,
One Wall Street, New York, New York 10286. The transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and
registrar for the Funds shares is also The Bank of New York.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Deloitte
& Touche LLP, 111 S. Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606, serves as our independent registered public accounting firm. Deloitte
& Touche LLP provides
audit and audit-related services, and consultation in
connection with the review of our filing with the SEC.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A Registration Statement on Form N-2, including amendments thereto, relating to
the securities
offered hereby, has been filed by the Fund with the SEC, Washington, D.C. The prospectus,
prospectus supplement and this Statement of Additional Information do not contain all of the
information set forth in the Registration Statement, including any exhibits and schedules thereto.
For further information with
S-50
respect to the Fund and the securities offered hereby, reference is made
to the Registration Statement. Statements contained in the prospectus, prospectus supplement and
this Statement of Additional Information as to the contents of any contract or other document
referred to are not necessarily complete and in each instance reference is made to the copy of such
contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, each such statement
being qualified in all respects by such reference. A copy of the Registration Statement may be
inspected without charge at the SECs principal office in Washington, D.C., and copies of all or
any part thereof may be obtained from the SEC upon the payment of certain fees prescribed by the
SEC.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING THE AGREEMENT
AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
The Funds Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that the Funds Trustees shall have the
power to cause each shareholder to pay directly, in advance or arrears, for charges of the Funds
custodian or transfer, shareholder servicing or similar agent, an amount fixed from time to time by
the Trustees, by setting off such charges due from such shareholder from declared but unpaid
dividends owed such shareholder and/or by reducing the number of shares in the account of such
shareholder by that number of full and/or fractional shares which represents the outstanding amount
of such charges due from such shareholder. The Fund has no present intention of relying on this
provision of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and would only do so if consistent with the
1940 Act or the rules and regulations or interpretations of the Commission thereunder.
S-51
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Trustees and Shareholders of CALAMOS Strategic Total Return Fund
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities, including the schedule of
investments, of Calamos Strategic Total Return Fund (the Fund) as of October 31, 2007, the
related statement of operations for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets
for each of the two years then ended, and the financial highlights for each of the three years then
ended and for the period from March 26, 2004 (commencement of operations) through October 31, 2004.
These financial statements and financial highlights are the responsibility of the Funds
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial
highlights based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and financial highlights are free of
material misstatement. The Fund is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit
of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal
control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in
the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the
Funds internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit
also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our procedures
included confirmation of securities owned as of October 31, 2007, by correspondence with the Funds
custodian and brokers; where replies were not received from brokers, we performed other auditing
procedures. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements and financial highlights referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund as of October 31, 2007, the results of
its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years
then ended, and the financial highlights for each of the three years then ended and for the period
from March 26, 2004 (commencement of operations) through October 31, 2004, in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Chicago, Illinois
December 14, 2007
F-1
Statement of Assets and Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
Investments, at value* (cost $3,633,366,816) |
|
$ |
4,012,939,878 |
|
Investments in affiliated fund (cost $85,775,441) |
|
|
85,775,441 |
|
Cash with custodian (interest bearing) |
|
|
1,871 |
|
Restricted cash for open options (interest bearing) |
|
|
150,000 |
|
Foreign currency (cost $26) |
|
|
26 |
|
Accrued interest and dividends receivable |
|
|
34,760,770 |
|
Unrealized appreciation on interest rate swaps |
|
|
607,322 |
|
Prepaid expenses |
|
|
85,462 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
84,753 |
|
|
Total assets |
|
|
4,134,405,523 |
|
|
LIABILITIES |
|
|
|
|
Cash collateral for securities on loan |
|
|
399,080,000 |
|
Payables: |
|
|
|
|
Investments purchased |
|
|
35,735,670 |
|
Affiliates: |
|
|
|
|
Investment advisory fees |
|
|
3,101,565 |
|
Financial accounting fees |
|
|
35,344 |
|
Deferred compensation to Trustees |
|
|
84,753 |
|
Trustee fees and officer compensation |
|
|
2,540 |
|
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
|
|
499,908 |
|
|
Total liabilities |
|
|
438,539,780 |
|
|
PREFERRED SHARES |
|
|
|
|
|
$25,000 liquidation value per share applicable to 43,200 shares, including dividends payable |
|
|
1,080,853,711 |
|
|
NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS |
|
$ |
2,615,012,032 |
|
|
COMPOSITION OF NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS |
|
|
|
|
Common stock, no par value, unlimited shares authorized 154,514,000 shares issued and outstanding |
|
$ |
2,200,733,859 |
|
Undistributed net Investment income (loss) |
|
|
(5,921,060 |
) |
Accumulated net realized gain (loss) on investments, written options, foreign currency transactions, and interest rate swaps |
|
|
39,936,381 |
|
Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments, written options, foreign currency translations,and interest rate
swaps |
|
|
380,262,852 |
|
|
NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS |
|
$ |
2,615,012,032 |
|
|
Net asset value per common share based on 154,514,000 shares issued and outstanding |
|
$ |
16.92 |
|
|
* |
|
Including securities on loan with a value of $391,072,384. |
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements.
F-2
Statement of Operations
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended October 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
INVESTMENT INCOME |
|
|
|
|
Interest |
|
$ |
97,513,547 |
|
Dividends (net of foreign taxes withheld of $293,568) |
|
|
73,967,913 |
|
Dividends from affiliates |
|
|
1,201,461 |
|
Securities lending income |
|
|
777,613 |
|
|
Total investment income |
|
|
173,460,534 |
|
|
EXPENSES |
|
|
|
|
Investment advisory fees |
|
|
35,897,921 |
|
Financial accounting fees |
|
|
406,251 |
|
Auction agent and rating agency fees |
|
|
2,768,892 |
|
Printing and mailing fees |
|
|
397,857 |
|
Audit and legal fees |
|
|
213,430 |
|
Accounting fees |
|
|
189,728 |
|
Registration fees |
|
|
136,765 |
|
Trustees fees and officer compensation |
|
|
101,035 |
|
Custodian fees |
|
|
117,244 |
|
Transfer agent fees |
|
|
33,124 |
|
Investor support services |
|
|
145,385 |
|
Other |
|
|
170,987 |
|
|
Total expenses |
|
|
40,578,619 |
|
Less expense reductions |
|
|
(100,277 |
) |
|
Net expenses |
|
|
40,478,342 |
|
|
NET INVESTMENT INCOME(LOSS) |
|
|
132,982,192 |
|
|
REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN(LOSS) FROM INVESTMENTS,
WRITTEN OPTIONS, FOREIGN CURRENCY AND INTEREST RATE SWAPS |
|
|
|
|
Net realized gain (loss) from: |
|
|
|
|
Investments |
|
|
132,614,714 |
|
Written options |
|
|
(3,608,492 |
) |
|
Foreign currency transactions |
|
|
511,288 |
|
Interest rate swaps |
|
|
3,796,913 |
|
|
Change in net unrealized appreciation/depreciation on: |
|
|
|
|
Investments |
|
|
163,383,536 |
|
Foreign currency translations |
|
|
60,298 |
|
Interest rate swaps |
|
|
(4,101,678 |
) |
|
NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS) FROM INVESTMENTS,
WRITTEN OPTIONS, FOREIGN CURRENCY AND INTEREST RATE SWAPS |
|
|
292,656,579 |
|
|
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS |
|
|
425,638,771 |
|
|
DISTRIBUTIONS TO PREFERRED SHAREHOLDERS FROM |
|
|
|
|
Net investment income |
|
|
(49,014,744 |
) |
Capital gains |
|
|
(8,462,889 |
) |
|
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON
SHAREHOLDERS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS |
|
$ |
368,161,138 |
|
|
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements.
F-3
Statements of Changes in Net Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended October 31, |
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
OPERATIONS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss) |
|
$ |
132,982,192 |
|
|
$ |
137,603,943 |
|
Net realized gain (loss) from investments, written options, foreign
currency transactions and interest rate swaps |
|
|
133,314,423 |
|
|
|
82,747,989 |
|
Change in net unrealized appreciation/depreciation on investments, written
options, foreign currency translations and
interest rate swaps |
|
|
159,342,156 |
|
|
|
204,396,753 |
|
Distributions to preferred shareholders from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income |
|
|
(49,014,744 |
) |
|
|
(50,773,343 |
) |
Capital gains |
|
|
(8,462,889 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase (decrease) in net assets applicable to common shareholders
resulting from operations |
|
|
368,161,138 |
|
|
|
373,975,342 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DISTRIBUTIONS TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS FROM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income |
|
|
(156,383,628 |
) |
|
|
(118,970,833 |
) |
Capital gains |
|
|
(24,397,762 |
) |
|
|
(58,720,277 |
) |
|
Net decrease in net assets from distributions to common shareholders |
|
|
(180,781,390 |
) |
|
|
(177,691,110 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CAPITAL SHARE TRANSACTIONS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase (decrease) in net assets from capital share transactions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS |
|
|
187,379,748 |
|
|
|
196,284,232 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of year |
|
$ |
2,427,632,284 |
|
|
$ |
2,231,348,052 |
|
|
End of year |
|
|
2,615,012,032 |
|
|
|
2,427,632,284 |
|
|
Undistributed net investment income (loss) |
|
$ |
(5,921,060 |
) |
|
$ |
(851,765 |
) |
See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements.
F-4
Notes to Financial Statements
NOTE 1 ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Organization. CALAMOS Strategic Total Return Fund (the Fund) was organized as a Delaware
statutory trust on December 31, 2003 and is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940
(the 1940 Act) as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The Fund commenced
operations on March 26, 2004.
The Funds investment objective is to provide total return through a combination of capital
appreciation and current income. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest primarily in
common and preferred stocks and income producing securities such as investment grade and below
investment grade debt securities.
Portfolio Valuation. Calamos Advisors LLC, the Funds investment adviser (Calamos Advisors),
oversees the valuation of the Funds portfolio securities in accordance with policies and
procedures on the valuation of securities adopted by and under the ultimate supervision of the
Board of Trustees.
Portfolio securitie